Mukutanga kwema1970, FBI - pamwe chete nemunhu wese aiteerera zvinhu zvaakataura panguva iyoyo - vakaziva kuti John Lennon aive netsitsi dzekuruboshwe. Asi ikozvino chete zviremera zveUS zvakaratidza huwandu hwe data rakabatwa pane ex-Beatle.
Heano mamwe echokwadi pamusoro paJohn Lennon anonzi ane hanya nekuchengetedzwa kwenyika kweBritain neUnited States zvekuti vachangobva kuburitswa kuruzhinji mushure memakore makumi maviri neshanu erusununguko rwekukumbira ruzivo uye kurwa kwemutemo kwenguva refu.
"John Winston Lennon mugari weBritain uye aimbove nhengo yeboka rekuimba reBeatles." Saka inotanga tsamba yakanyorwa muna Kubvumbi 1972 naJ Edgar Hoover, mukuru weFBI kwenguva refu, kunhengo yeDhipatimendi reJustice raRichard Nixon. Sezviri pachena, iyi yakanga iri nhau kune mumwe munhu, kunyange mukupera kwa1972.
"Lennon akakurudzira kutenda kuti ane maonero echimurenga, kwete chete nekubvunzurudzwa kwake neveMarxists, asi nezviri mune dzimwe nziyo dzake nezvimwe zvinyorwa." Mutsara iwoyo unobva pamemo yeFBI yakanyorwa muna Kukadzi 1972, apo Hoover nehutungamiriri hweNixon vairwa mazino nezvipikiri kutorera Lennon vhiza yekubva kune imwe nyika uye kuti adzingwe. Rwiyo rwainyanya kuvafadza rwaive "Simba Kuvanhu" - harisi gwaro rakavanzika kubva payakabudiswa paLennon's first post-Beatles album, Plastic Ono Band, muna 1970 uye yakaridzwa panhepfenyuro pasi rose.
"Kubva 1972, John Lennon akaenderera mberi nguva nenguva achitsigira zvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana, asi haaratidzi kuva nechikwereti kune rimwe bato." Ndiwo mutsara unobva kugwaro risina kunyorwa, risina kunyorwa zuva rakadhindwa โchakavanzikaโ rinoita serakatangira neMI5.
Hongu, madzimai nevarume, isu tinogona ikozvino kukuzivisai nhau dzinokatyamadza kuti John Lennon - zvisinei nevhudzi rake refu rinoshamisa uye tsika yake isinganzwisisike yekurara pamubhedha kwemazuva panguva - aive murwiri werunyararo aipikisa Hondo yeVietnam, akataura. vachipesana nekupindira kwemauto eBritish kuNorthern Ireland, akasangana uye akapa hurukuro kune vanotungamira vatsigiri vehondo kumativi ese eAtlantic, uye aitozivikanwa, pane dzimwe nguva, kuvhura bhuku rake recheki kuti aise mari yake paive nemuromo wake.
Tinogona zvakare kuburitsa kuti, sekureva kwemumwe wezvakavanzika zvaJ Edgar Hoover - pane kuvimbika kwake uye kugona kwake munguva pfupi - akaedza nezvinodhaka zvisiri pamutemo, uye akadzingwa kamwe chete nekubata mbanje. Izvi ndizvo zvinonyanya kukosha pamagwaro gumi ekupedzisira mufaira raLennon reFBI - zvinyorwa zvinonzi zvine hunyoro zvekuti, kwemakore, hurumende yeUS yakaramba kuaburitsa nechikonzero chekuti kuita izvi "kungangotarisirwa zvinoโฆ uye kutsiva kwemauto kuUnited States".
Hongu, unoverenga zvakanaka. Kutanga muna 1983, Dhipatimendi reJustice rakapokana, nechiso chakatwasuka, kuti kuburitsa ruzivo nezveLennon kwakapihwa nevekunze vehungwaru sevhisi - MI5, tinogona kufungidzira - tinogona kukoka mauto kurwisa United States. Magweta eDhipatimendi reJustice akaenderera mberi nekuita nharo kusvika pakupera kweCold War uye munguva yepashure pe9/11, uye pasina mubvunzo angadai ari kuita gakava richiri dai kusiri kwekupindira kwematare emubatanidzwa, ane nhaurirano dzinononoka dzakatungamira. pakuburitswa kwemagwaro svondo rino.
Iwo maLennon mafaera - anopfuura mazana matatu mapeji mune ese - haana kubviswa zvachose, kunze kwechimwe chete. Iyo "hurumende yekunze" yakachengetedzwa neFBI makore ese aya inoramba isina kutaurwa.
Kurwira faira raLennon's FBI ndeimwe yenyaya idzo dzinotitaurira zvishoma, pakupedzisira, nezvenyaya yacho pachayo pane zvazvinoita nezve kubhuroka, hutungamiriri, loopily paranoid universe yevashandi vehungwaru uye kuvanzika kwepamutemo. Icho chokwadi chekuti Lennon aive akatariswa zvachose chaive chatove chinonyadzisa - kana FBI kana MI5 yakamisa chero chiitiko chehutsotsi kana chinangwa, uye vaive vasina zvakawanda kupfuura zvikonzero zvekuzvifungira.
Zvinoita sekuti Hoover nehutungamiriri hwaNixon hwakamutevera nekuti kufarirwa kwake nevavhoti vechidiki, uye kushora kwake Hondo yeVietnam, kwakamuita kuti ave njodzi kumushandirapamwe wesarudzo waNixon muna 1972. Veteran Conservative Senator, Strom Thurmond, vese asi vakabvuma zvakanyanya mu memo yakavanzika kuWhite House, yakafukunurwa mukuburitswa kwemagwaro ane chekuita naLennon, paakakurudzira kudzingwa kwaLennon nemukadzi wake, Yoko Ono, kungave kuri inoshanda "strategy counter-measure". Izvo zvinogona zvakare kuve zvisina tsaona kuti kuongororwa kweFBI kwaLennon kwakapera apo Nixon adzorerwa kune imwe temu muWhite House.
Chiitiko chese, nemamwe mazwi, chinogona kutsanangurwa se rock'n'roll Watergate - mudiki, asi achiri kutaura, muenzaniso wekushandisa masimba masimba zvisirizvo zvakagadzirirwa kudzikamisa kushora kwezvematongerwo enyika kumutungamiri weUS ane chido uye asina hunhu. Mutsara wekuti "rock'n'roll Watergate" wakanyatsogadzirwa nemurume akaita zvinopfuura chero ani zvake kuchera chokwadi chakazara, chinonyadzisa cheLennon FBI file, University of California munyori wenhoroondo anonzi Jon Wiener. VaWiener vakanyora mabhuku maviri anorondedzera kota yezana remakore rekuedza kuputsa madziro ekuvanzika zviri pamutemo kwakatenderedza Lennon, uye akapinda nekubuda mudare remubatanidzwa kakawanda kupfuura zvaanorangarira.
Panguva ino, ari kushamiswa zvikuru nenguva yakawedzerwa zvine mutsindo yenyaya yese iye haachatauri nezve rock'n'roll Watergate. Yakava imwe yerock'n'roll Bleak House - "chete ine magumo anofadza".
Pange pave nemakore makumi maviri nemashanu kubva paakaisa chikumbiro chake chekutanga cheRusununguko rweRuzivo rwemapepa aLennon - akatanga mwedzi mishoma mushure mekufa kwaLennon - uye makore makumi maviri nematatu kubvira FBI kutemwa nematombo kwakamukurudzira iye neAmerican Civil Liberties Union kuti vaise mhosva yavo yekutanga.
"Ini ndinonzwa sekunge taifanira kunge takagadzirisa izvi muna 1981," Muzvinafundo Weiner akadaro nezuro, achiratidza kuneta zvakanyanya kupfuura kufara kuti kuda kwake kwenguva refu kwekutonga kwapera. โIzvi hazvina zvakawanda zvekuita naJohn Lennon, sezvo pasina chinhu mumagwaro achangoburwa aya chataive tisingazivi nezvake.
"Chaizvoizvo izvi ndezveFBI nevatungamiriri vana kubva kuna Nixon vakachengeta chakavanzika ichi. Zvinofanira kuva nyadzi kwavari kuti vakarwa zvakasimba uye kwenguva yakareba kuti vachengete chimwe chinhu chakavanzika chiri pachena uye chisingakoshi.โ
Kunyara ikoko kunowedzerawo kuhurumende yaBlair. Sekureva kweFBI zvinyorwa, "hurumende yekunze" isina kudomwa yakakumbirwa mvumo yekuburitsa magwaro ayo paLennon kumashure munaGunyana 1997, mwedzi mishoma mushure mekunge Mr Blair vatanga kutora chigaro. Hurumende yekunze yakati kwete, ichiti kuvanzika kwakaramba kuchidikanwa kudzivirira "kukuvadza kwakakomba uye kunotaridza kune kwazvinosuka, izvo zvinoramba zvakatsiga".
Kuverenga magwaro achangobva kuburitswa, zvakaoma kuona izvo zviremera zveBritain zvingave zvichireva. Iro faira rinenge rakaita sebasa rakasanganiswa-pamwe chete rejunior operative, richitsamira chose paruzivo rwunowanikwa pachena. Tinoverenga, semuenzaniso, kuti Lennon akapa bvunzurudzo kune veBritish radicals Tariq Ali naRobin Blackburn yemagazini yavo Red Mole, umo "akasimbisa nhoroondo yake yehunyanzvi uye tsitsi dzake nevanhu vanopikisa uye varombo veBritain nenyika". Hazvishamisi ipapo, sezvo kubvunzurudza kwakabudiswa muna 1970.
Isu takaverenga kuti Lennon akasangana nemutori wenhau wekuFrance Regis Debray, uyo aitozivikanwa zvakanyanya. Isu tinoverenga kuti akasaina chikumbiro chekutsigira Muchinda weCambodia Sihanouk, zvichitevera kufumurwa kwechakavanzika US chirongwa chekubhomba nyika yake. Uye tinoverenga kuti akapa mari kuvagadziri vefirimu remafirimu paNorthern Ireland. Hapana chitsva ipapo.
Chimedu chega chakapihwa nefaira chaive chisati chave paruzhinji chine chekuita nechikumbiro chaAli naBlackburn cherubatsiro rwemari nechitoro chekuruboshwe neimba yekuverengera yavaifunga kumisikidza pakati peLondon. Hapana humbowo Lennon akambovapa mari yebhizimusi. Pakangotanga hondo yake yokubuda munyika muUnited States, akaderedza zvinenge zvose zvaaiita mune zvematongerwo enyika kuti akunde mhosva yake.
Kana huchenjeri hweBritish paLennon hwaive banal, kuedza kweUS kwaive kupusa. Muzvinafundo Wiener paakawana kuwanda kwemafaira eFBI makore mapfumbamwe apfuura, akaona kuti FBI yaisakwanisa kuwana chero ruzivo rwekutanga, senge kero yaLennon muNew York. Vakaruka mazano ekuti vasunge Lennon vachipomerwa zvinodhaka, izvo zvisina kumbobvira zvaitika, uye vakanyora chinyorwa chaidiwa icho chimiro chakanyanya kushamisa ndechekuti mufananidzo wavakashandisa waisava waLennon zvachose, asi wemumwe muimbi wedombo ane bvudzi refu nemagirazi anonzi David Peel.
Gweta raLennon rekupinda nekubuda kwevanhu munyika, Leon Wildes, paakataura mudare kuti Lennon akange apinda mu "nhamburiko yenyika yekurwisa zvinodhaka", izvi zvakadudzirwa zvisizvo zvichireva kuti aive apinda muNational Commission yeNixon yeNational Commission on Marijuana and Drug Abuse - a. zvinoshamisa kusekesa kukanganisa kwakadzokororwa mumamemo kwemwedzi.
Vazhinji vevazivisi vakatumirwa nemirairo yekubata Lennon muchiito chekukurudzira kumukira kwechisimba, asi chavakangonzwa achitaura ndechekuti aizobatana nekuratidzira kwekurwisa hondo kumagungano enyika eRepublican neDemocratic chete "kana vaine runyararo" . Nyaya yavasingakanganwi yavakafukunura yaisava nehanya naLennon zvachose, asi kuti parrot yeboka rinopikisa hondo yakadzidziswa โkupindira โmberiโ pose panomuka nhauriranoโ.
Iyo FBI inogona kubva yaita senge Keystone Kops pane yakakomba mutemo wezvemitemo - chimwe chikonzero nei mafaera akavharirwa kwenguva yakareba - asi huipi hwehuvengo hwekutonga kweNixon kumusangano wekurwisa hondo haufanire kurerutswa. Isu tinoziva kubva kune mamwe masosi kuti varume veMutungamiriri vanga vachifunga nezvesarudzo dzakadai sekubira varatidziri kunze kweRepublican National Convention muMiami uye kubvuta vanhu vanotungamira vanopesana nehondo vakaita saAbbie Hoffman naJerry Rubin. John Mitchell, uyo akanga ari gweta guru rehurumende panguva iyoyo, akataura kuti nzira iyi yaizodhura zvikuru. Saka iye nevamwe vakakurudzira Plan B - kupaza mahofisi eDemocratic National Committee muchivakwa cheWatergate muWashington.
Zvinoita senge mafaera eBritish paLennon anogona kunge achine mashoma asina kuburitswa nuggets. David Shayler, mupanduki aimbove mukuru weMI5, akataura makore mashoma apfuura kuti akange aona faira paLennon raitsanangura hukama hwake, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, kuBato reRevolutionary Party. Asi Purofesa Wiener, kune imwe, anogutsikana. Achibvunzwa kana aironga kutsvaga mafaera eLennon zvakare, akapindura, nekuzorora: "Ndinofara kuti tapedza nazvo izvozvi."
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