Muna Zvita, mishumo yakabuda yekuti Secretary of Treasury Henry Paulson akasundidzira wake Wall Street bailout package nekutaura kuti, pasina iyo, mhirizhonga yevagari muUnited States inogona kukura nengozi zvekuti mutemo wemauto unofanirwa kuziviswa. Mutungamiriri weInternational Monetary Fund (IMF) Dominique Strauss-Kahn akanyeverwa yenjodzi imwechete yemhirizhonga, kwese uko hupfumi hwenyika hwairwadza. Chainyanya kuvanetsa kwaisava, ndinofungidzira, mukana wekuti vanhu vazhinji vakazara mumigwagwa vachida shanduko yemagariro nezvematongerwo enyika, asi kuti zvimwe zvezvido izvi zvinogona kuitika. Tora muenzaniso weIceland, yekutanga - asi kwete yekupedzisira - nyika kuparara mutsaona yepasi rose iripo.
Apo United States yakanga ichigadza mutungamiri wayo wekutanga weAfrica-America, vanhu veIsland vakanga vakakomba paramende yavo. Youtube video zvechiitiko - vanoridza ngoma vachiridza kurira kwedzinza, kurira uye kubhuroka kwezvigubhu zvemisodzi, mapurisa akawanda ane ngowani kuseri kwenhoo dzepurasitiki dzakajeka, moto wemoto pamberi pechivako chematombo chakafanana neimba yenyika kupfuura chigaro chehurumende - zvaishamisa. , kunyanya mifananidzo yaivhenekerwa nemurazvo une chiedza chinopisa chaipenya pamadziro egrey munguva zhinji dzehusiku hwepakati penguva yechando hwemaawa gumi nemasere. Vanhu vairova hari nemapani mune yainzi Chimurenga cheSaucepan. Mazuva mashanu gare gare, hurumende, inotongwa neoliberal Independent Party, yakadonha, sekutarisira kwaiitwa nevakawanda vekuIsland uye vachiti ichaita sezvo hupfumi hwenyika hwakangoerekana hwanyungudika muna Gumiguru.
Hurumende yenguva pfupi yadarika, yakavakwa nemubatanidzwa weLeft-Green Party neSocial Democrats, yakatosiyana neyakare sezvo hutongi hwaObama huri kubva kune hutongi hwaBush. Mutungamiriri wekupedzisira, Jรณhanna Sigurdardรณttir, akatyora nzvimbo itsva mukati medambudziko: iye zvino ndiye mutungamiri wenyika wekutanga kubva ngochani. Musimba chete kusvika sarudzo dzemusi wa25 Kubvumbi, hurumende inochengetedza iyi inotora basa rinotyisa rekudzikamisa nekutungamira nyika ine rukudzo rwekuve wekutanga kudonha mukunyungudika kuri kuitika pasi rose. Svondo rapfuura, Sigurdardรณttir akati kuti hurumende itsva ichaedza kushandura bumbiro remutemo kuti "risimbise hutongi hwenyika hwezviwanikwa zvenyika" uye "kuvhura chitsauko chitsva mukutora chikamu kweruzhinji mukugadzira chimiro chehurumende," 180-degree kutendeuka kubva kune neoliberal marongero eIceland. vatenzi vakawa.
Iceland zvino yava nyika ine mari yayo, krรณna, yaparara, ine chikwereti chakaitwa nemabhanga akaregwa mutemo pakati pemakore ekuma1990 chakakura nekagumi pane gross chigadzirwa chenyika, uye ine vanhu vakarasikirwa nemari yakawanda yavakachengeta uye vakatarisana nezvikwereti nemotigeji. izvo hazvigone kubhadharwa. Zvichakadaro, kukwira kwemitengo nekushaikwa kwemabasa kuri kuwedzera, uye zvingangopedza dambudziko iri zvinongounza matambudziko matsva.
Hurumende iripo inogona kusiyana neyekare, asi kwete zvakanyanya sevanhu veIcelandic vanosiyana neyavo pre-Gumiguru. Ivo zvino vakatsamwa uye vakabatikana, kwavaimbobvuma uye vasina basa.
Tsaona isati yaitika, รlafur Ragnar Grรญmsson, mutungamiri weIceland, aifarira kuenzanisa nzanga yake - nyika yechitsuwa ine vanhu mazana matatu nemakumi maviri ezviuru - kuAthens. Imwe yeshamwari dzangu dzeIcelandic inoseka zvakasviba kuti, hongu, iAtene, asi kwete muzera raSocrates naSophicles; ndiAtene ikozvino muzera rekumukira hurumende. Iceland yezhizha rapfuura - ndakanga ndiripo kweinenge mwedzi mitatu - ndaiita semurombo munzanga asi akapfuma; Iceland yandinoverenga nokunzwa nezvayo zvino inoratidzika kuva yakapfuma munzanga pakupedzisira, asi inotyisa murombo mune zvokunyama.
Iceland idombo rakaomarara, rakanaka rakarembera sechishongo chiri pachiringa kubva kuArctic Circle. Yakashayiwa zvicherwa, kure kure kuchamhembe kwezvizhinji munzira yekurima, yakanga ine hove, mamwe makwai, uye munguva pfupi yapfuura simba regeothermal uye hydropower uye maindasitiri madiki mashoma, pamwe chete nevanhu vakadzidza zvikuru vane hutsinye sezviri pachena. kumborara kwenguva pfupi panguva pfupi yekukwereta yekushandisa. Vanhu vandakataura navo kubva ipapo vari kufara kuti vatorazve nyika yavo uye vanotya zvishoma nezvehurombo hwakanyanya hwakatarisana navo.
Mushure mekuenda heti mumaoko ekubhadhara mari kuWashington, Bhangi reEngland, uye European Central Bank, Iceland yakatendeukira kuRussia uye, nekusada, kune mukweretesi wepasi rose wekupedzisira sarudzo, International Monetary Fund, iyo temberi yeprivatization uye kudyidzana kwepasi rose. Kazhinji pamwe nemari, IMF inoisa pfungwa dzayo dzezvinoita kuti hupfumi hushande - sezvazvakaita muArgentina kudzamara hupfumi hwenyika iyi hwadonha makore masere apfuura, zvichikonzera kuzvarwa patsva kunoshamisa kweveruzhinji uye kusagadzikana munharaunda. MuIceland, maitiro akadzoserwa kumashure: kutanga kusagadzikana, ipapo IMF. Zvino, wava neruzhinji rwevapanduki uye kupindira kutsva kwemauto e-neoliberalism akabatsira kukunda nyika pakutanga.
Sezvo nguva dzakaoma dzehupfumi dzakapararira, saka kuve nekupopotedzana uye kumukirana muEurope - iyo iyo Iceland ndiyo yanga ichinyanya kushanda kusvika parizvino - zvichiratidza kuti nguva nyowani yesimba rakakurumbira mumigwagwa inogona kusvika. Kusagadzikana kweIceland kunopa mubvunzo wekuti kuparara kwecapitalism kuchaunza chii isu tose. Kudonha kwekupedzisira, mapepanhau makuru ezvemari akange atove headlining "kuguma kweAmerican capitalism sezvataizviziva," "capitalism mukuvhiringidza," "kuparara kwemari" uye "capitalism at bay." Zvazvinoreva: kuti chimwe chinhu chakakura seโkuparara kwecommunismโ makore 19 akanga apfuura kwakanga kwaitika.
Kubva ipapo, vezvenhau nevamwe vanoita sekunge vakanganwa kuti mutumbi uri kutaurwa wakanzi unorwara zvisingaite uye vakatarisa pane nzira yekupa rubatsiro rwekutanga runodhura kwazvo. Izvi zvinodzivirira mubvunzo wekuti ndedzipi dzimwe nzira dzingave, idzo panguva ino dzakatenderedza dzisiri chinhu senge-saizi-inokodzera-zvose uye dzidziso sechinyakare-chikoro chesocialism, asi huwandu huripo huripo hwenzvimbo, huswa, uye kazhinji nzira diki dze kugadzira zvinhu, kupa masevhisi, uye kushandira nharaunda - uye kuramba uchizvidavirira.
Sod Dzimba kune Private Jets uye Beyond
Iceland inyika yechienzi, sezvandakaona. Iri panzvimbo inoputika uye ichiita seismically seam pakati peNorth America neEuropean tectonic plates, nzvimbo iyi inoita kunge ndeyemakondinendi ese, uye kwete. Yaiwanzoonekwa sechikamu cheScandinavia, yaidzorwa neNorway, uye ipapo Denmark, kubva pakuparara kwehurongwa hwayo hweparamende hwakazvimirira muzana remakore rechigumi nematatu kusvika 1944. Gore iroro, nepo Denmark yakagarwa nevaNazi, yakava republic yakasununguka zviri pamutemo. .
Asi mauto eUnited States akanga asvika makore matatu akanga apfuura uye aizogara mune mamwe makore 62, kusvikira muna 2006, panzvimbo yawo huru yendege muKeflavik. Kusati kwadonha kwekupedzisira, kumwe kuratidzira kukuru munhoroondo yeRiphabhuliki kwaive kwemauto aigara, ayo akatepfenyura mashoo eterevhizheni akaunza ruzhinji rweAmerica uye budiriro kuchitsuwa ichi. Nguva pfupi yadarika, Iceland yakava nzvimbo yezvishuvo zvemusango neoliberal uye Scandinavian welfare-state underpinnings. Vanhuwo zvavo vakashanda maawa akawandisa, sevanhu vekuAmerica, uye vakatora chikwereti chakawandisa kuti vatenge mota hombe, macondo matsva, nedzimba dzemudhorobha.
Hurombo hwakanga husiri kumashure zvakanyanya kunenge kune wese munhu muIceland: munhu mushure memunhu akandiudza kuti sekuru nasekuru vake kana vabereki vaigara muimba yemasoja, yakavakwa nezvinhu zvinowanikwa zvakanyanya munyika ine miti midiki shoma, uye ivo pachavo. kana kuti vabereki vavo vakanga vashanda mumafekitari anogadzira hove. Muimbi anozivikanwa munyika akandiratidza, aine ruoko rwakabata ruoko rwake, kuti ambuya vake vaigona sei kuisa cod "saizvozvo," uye akawedzera kuti hove zhinji dzepachitsuwa dzakagadziriswa kumahombekombe izvozvi. Kutozosvikira nguva pfupi yapfuura Reykjavik, dzimbahwe, raingova taundi duku, uye Iceland nzanga yokumaruwa yemapurazi nevabati vehove vomumhenderekedzo yegungwa.
Kuwedzera munyika iyi yaimbova yakaenzana kwakagadzira kirasi nyowani yevakapfuma-yakanyanya vane jeti dzakavanzika dzakamhara panhandare yendege mudhorobha reReykjavik uye mayachts, dzimba dzepamusoro, uye kumwe kunyanyisa dzimwe nguva zvaiita nhau, sezvaiitwa nemhosva dzehuwori mubhizinesi nemuguta. hurumende yakatarisa bhizinesi iro. Hwakanga husiri huwori, zvisinei, hwakaita muhupfumi hweIceland. Kwakanga kuri kusangwarira kwaitungamirirwa nehurumende uye kudzorwa. Ndaitarisira kuwana kuti, munyika diki yakadaro, demokrasi yaizoshanda zvakanaka, kuti vanhu vagone kuita kuti hurumende yavo izvidavirire, uye kuti kushanda kwayo kwaizove kwakajeka. Hapana chimwe chezvinhu izvo chaive chokwadi chisina kujeka, sezvandakacherekedza mushumo wekufara-kudonha kwandakanyorera. Magazini yeHarper on "Island's Polite Dystopia."
Vanhu vazhinji vakagunun'una ipapo, mukusagutsikana, pamusoro pezvanga zvichiitwa nehurumende - kunyanya kuparadza renje rinoshamisa renyika kugadzira simba remvura kuti rifambise magetsi anonyungudutsa aruminiyamu emakambani ekunze. Boka duku ravanhu vakazvipira rakaratidzira, asi pfarivari dzavo hadzina kutongoratidzika kuva dzinobatira mwoto wavose kana kuti kuita zvakawanda kuderedza kuparadza kwacho. VaIslandia vaiwanzoita sevanoshivirira kuchengetedzwa uye kupa zvipo zvezvese kubva munhoroondo dzekurapa uye DNA kune yavo indasitiri yekuredza uye renje, uye kuwanda kwekuzvidzwa kwaienda nemaitiro aya.
Tora, semuenzaniso, empire yekutengeserana yeBaugur Group (kubvira svondo rapfuura yakabhuroka uye ine chikwereti kumabhanga eIcelandic ingangoita mabhiriyoni maviri emadhora), inotungamirwa nababa nemwanakomana timu Jรณn รsgeir Jรณhannesson naJรณhannes Jรณnsson. Zvitoro zvavo zveBรณnus, zvine mucherechedzo wekupisa-pink piggybank, zvakakwanisa kugadzira pedo-monopoly pazvitoro zvikuru muIceland. Vakapa maavocado akachipa kubva kuSouth Africa uye mangos kubva kuBrazil, asi sezviri pachena vakasarudza kuti kutengesa hove itsva kwaisagoneka; saka, muguta guru rehove reAtlantic, vanhu vazhinji vari kunze kwepakati peguta guru vakanga vasina imwe sarudzo kunze kwekudya hove dzakaoma nechando.
Vanhu vekuIceland vakadyawo nharo dzakawanda dzemaitiro ekuAmerica vachifarira kubvisirwa mutemo uye kushambadzira, kana kutarisa neimwe nzira apo vatungamiriri vavo vakaita. Kolbrรบn Halldรณrsdรณttir, anopikisa Kuruboshwe-Green muparamende, iye zvino Gurukota rezvemamiriro ekunze muhurumende itsva, haana kudaro. Akandiudza zhizha rapfuura, "Nyika haina kubvunzwa kana nyika yaida kuita mabhanga." Havana kubvunzwa, asi havana kubvunza zvakakwana.
upfumi magazini akapomera mumwe murume, David Oddsson, mutungamiriri wehurumende kubva muna 1991 kusvika muna 2004, kune zvakawanda zvekutengeserana uku.
"Aive Oddsson akagadzira danho guru reIceland kubva [yakabatana] neNATO: nhengo yayo ye1994 munzvimbo yekutengeserana yemahara inonzi European Economic Area. Oddsson akabva aita chirongwa chakakwana chekushandura hupfumi chaisanganisira kuderedzwa kwemitero, hupfumi hwakakura. , uye kusvetukira kukuru mumari yepasirese Akabvisa mutemo webhangi raidzorwa nehurumende pakati pemakore eku1990, uye muna 2001 akachinja mutemo wemari kuti krona ifambe yakasununguka pane kuti igadziriswe nebhasikiti remari kusanganisira dhora. Muna 2002 akaita kuti mabhanga ave oga.
Muna 2004, akatsiviwa seMutungamiriri, asi muna 2005 akatora Central Bank. Pakazosvika pakati pemakore ekuma1990 Iceland yakanga yave, kuburikidza nekubhadhara mari uye nechikwereti chakawanda, yazvitangisa parwendo rwekuva imwe yenharaunda dzakapfuma kwazvo pasi rose. upfumi inoenderera mberi:
"Asi mafuta makuru eIceland's boom yaiva mari uye, pamusoro pezvose, kuwedzera. Nyika yakava hombe yehedge fund, uye yakambodzora dzimba dzeIcelandic dzakaunganidza zvikwereti zvinodarika 220% yemari inoraswa - kanenge kaviri chikamu chevatengi vekuAmerica."
Kukanda Mazai kuBank
Yekutanga yehedge-fund-cum-nation mabhangi matatu makuru, Glitnir, yakaputsika musi waSeptember 29, 2008. Vhiki gare gare, kukosha kwekrรณna kwakawira nechetatu. Landsbanki naKaupthing, mamwe mahofori maviri emabhanga, akadonha gare gare svondo iroro. Britain yakapopota apo Landsbanki yakamisa maakaundi makuru ekuchengetedza eInternet evagari vekuBritain ndokutendeukira kumitemo inorwisa hugandanga kuti itore midziyo yebhangi reIslandiic, zvikaita kuti chitsuwa ichi chive nyika yemagandanga uye kusundidzira hupfumi hwayo kuti huve nekukurumidza.
Hazvishamisi kuti vanhu vekuIceland vakatanga kutsamwa - kuBritain, asi zvakanyanya kuhurumende yavo. Nyika iri kuparara, zvakadaro, yakagadzira indasitiri imwe yekukura: varindi vezvematongerwo enyika munyika umo nyanzvi dzese dzepop uye mutungamiriri wehurumende vakambofamba vakasununguka pachena. Imwe shamwari yeIceland yakandinyorera, "Mazai akanga achikandwa kuCentral Bank. Kuratidzira kwakadaro kwepfungwa hakuna kumboonekwa kubva pakutanga kwezana remakore rechimakumi maviri, kunyange zvazvo panguva iyoyo vanhu vakanga vari varombo zvikuru kuti varase mazai." Nenguva isipi mazai akange ave kusimudzwawo kuna Mutungamiriri Geir Haarde, ane marongero aive ekuwedzera kweOddsson's.
Sangano revanhu rakarara rakatanga kuratidzira kwevhiki nevhiki kusina kumira kunyangwe hurumende payakadonha, sezvo veIsland vanga vachidawo kuti bhodhi remagavhuna kubhanga guru rimiswe. Chimwe chezvakaitwa naMutungamiri Jรณhanna Sigurdardรณttir kwaiva kukumbira kusiya basa. Kusvika pari zvino havasati vabatira pamwe.
Andri Snaer Magnason, ane kutsoropodza kunotyisa kwezvematongerwo enyika uye nzanga, Dreamland: Gwaro Rokuzvibatsira Kunyika Inotya, aive mutengesi mukuru munyika ino yemabhuku makore mashoma kumashure, akandiudza svondo rino:
"Muhupfumi, vanotaura pamusoro peruoko rusingaoneki runodzora misika. MuIceland, misika yakasununguka yakava yakashata zvokuti haina kugadziriswa neruoko rusingaoneki, asi guillotine isingaoneki. Saka, mune imwe vhiki yevhiki, kirasi yose yeboka redu. vatenzi vachangopfuma vezvakasikwa vakarasikirwa nemisoro yavo (mukurumbira, simba, nemari), uye simba rose nechikwereti chemakambani akanga achangobva kuchengetedzwa zvakawira mumaoko avanhu zvakare.
"Saka isu tine manzwiro asina chokwadi nezveramangwana. Panguva imwecheteyo, kune simba mukukakavadzana kwezvematongerwo enyika uye simba rakawanda rezvematongerwo enyika nemagariro evanhu - mapato asingagumi [ezvematongerwo enyika] ari kubuda, mapoka e-Facebook, masero uye mafungiro, uye zvichida. bumbiro idzva (kwete kuti takaverenga rekare), uye vanhu vari kutaura. Saka, kutya kwehupfumi, kushinga kwezvematongerwo enyika, hupfumi hunozungunusa, uye kutsvaga hunhu hutsva โ tinoda shanduko huruโฆ Zvino, vemabhizimisi vari kurasikirwa nemabasa avo uye vari kukwenya misoro vachifunga kuti zvimwe zvematongerwo enyika zvinokanganisa hupenyu hwemunhu. Tinoda zvematongerwo enyika zvishoma uye kuti vanhu vatore chikamu.
Mamiriro ehupfumi eIceland haana chokwadi uye anonetsa. Imwe shamwari ipapo inondiudza kuti mabhanga akatobhuroka anogona kubhuroka zvakare, nekuti chikwereti chavo chakakura kwazvo. Mabhirioni ezvikwereti zvitsva kubva kunze kwenyika ari kutyisa zvikuru kune nyika ine vagari vemo vanosvika chiuru chekukura kwedu, uye mari yeIcelandic, krรณna, ingangove yakaparara.
Mhinduro iri pachena ndeyekuti Iceland ijoine European Union (EU), uye sarudzo dzaApril dzinosanganisira referendamu pamubvunzo iwoyo. Kuita izvi, zvisinei, kunosanganisira kurega EU inodzora mvura dzehove dzenyika, zvechinyakare uye kwechokwadi hupfumi. Izvo, zvakare, zvingangove vhura mvura idzo kune vese vabati vehove vekuEurope uye kune hurumende ine zvido uye kugona kubata hove dzeIcelandic zvinopokana. Iceland yakarwa neCod Wars neEngland kuma1970 kuchengetedza mvura idzodzo kubva kunze kwekubata hove, uye kunyangwe mumakore apo munhu wese airatidza kuti akatarisana nehunyanzvi uye mari, hove dzichiri kuita 40% yezvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika.
Argentina uye Iceland
Musoro wenhau uchangoburwa muBritish muchengeti verenga: "Hurumende muEurope yose dzinodedera sezvo vanhu vakatsamwa vanoenda kumigwagwa." Kubva pamaonero ehurumende idzodzo, mugari akabatikana zvizere itarisiro inotyisa. Kubva pakuona kwangu, ndizvo zvinowanzounza njodzi, uye inharaunda yeruzhinji pazvakanakisa. Ndiri kutarisira kuti Iceland inofamba nenzira yekuArgentina.
Pakati paDecember 2001, hupfumi hweArgentina hwakadonha. Muzuva rayo, Argentina yanga iri mwana weposter weneoliberalism, nehupfumi hwayo hwakasarudzika hunotungamirwa nemutemo weInternational Monetary Fund. Mamaneja ezvehupfumi, vekunze nevemumba, vakadada nezvavakaita, kusvika zvazoonekwa kuti hazvina kushanda. Ipapo, hurumende yakaedza kumisa maakaundi emubhangi evagari vayo kuti vasachinje mari yavo inodonha kuita mari yekunze uye kupaza mabhanga.
Varombo vanga vatopinda mune zvematongerwo enyika, uye masangano adaidzira kuratidzira kwezuva rimwe chete (sezvakadaidzwa nemasangano eFrance svondo rapfuura. vanhu vanopfuura miriyoni imwe mumigwagwa vachiratidzira kushaikwa kwemabasa mudambudziko reupfumi richangopfuura). Apo mabhangi akaomeswa nechando, zvakadaro, vepakati-kirasi veArgentina vakamuka vakaputsika - uye vakatsamwa.
Musi waDecember 19th, 20th uye 21st ye2001, vakatora kumigwagwa yeBuenos Aires mune zvinyorwa zvinyorwa, vachiputira mapoto nemapani uye vachidanidzira "vose vari kunze." Mumavhiki mashoma akatevera, vakamanikidza hurumende dzakatevedzana kuti dzipunzike. Kune vanhu vazhinji, mazuva iwayo ehupanduki kwaisangova kumukira kunjodzi yavakaunzirwa necapitalism, asi nguva yavakapora kubva kumakore ekunyarara uye kubuda kwakaiswa munyika muma1980 neudzvanyiriri hwemauto kuburikidza nehugandanga uye kurwadzisa. .
Mushure mekuparara kwegore ra2001, vanhu vekuArgentina vakawana izwi ravo, vakawanana, vakawana pfungwa itsva yesimba uye mukana, uye vakatanga kupinda mune zvematongerwo enyika kuedza kutsva vakada izwi idzva. Chimwe chezvakakosha pane izvi zviedzo chingave magungano emunharaunda muBuenos Aires, izvo zvakapa zvimwe zvezvinodikanwa zvenharaunda isina mari, uye zvakare yakava maforamu anofadza apo vanhu vasingazive vakave. vakaroorana.
Idzo nguva dzema incandescent apo vanhu vanowana manzwi avo nesimba sechikamu chemasangano everuzhinji ari epiphanies, kwete mhinduro, asi Argentina haina kuzove nyika imwe chete zvakare, kunyangwe hupfumi hwayo hwapora. Kufanana neruzhinji rweLatin America mumakore gumi aya, yakasuduruka muhutungamiriri hwayo hwezvematongerwo enyika, asi zvakatonyanya kukosha, vanhu vekuArgentina vakagadzira dzimwe nzira dzemagariro uye vakawana hushingi hutsva hwaive husina. Zvimwe zvakamuka kubva mudambudziko iri, zvinosanganisira nzvimbo dzekushanda dzakatorwa nevashandi vachimhanya sevanhu vakaungana, zvichiripo.
Argentina yakakura muvhu, zviwanikwa, uye huwandu hwevanhu vane tsika nenhoroondo yakasiyana kwazvo kupfuura Iceland. Kwainobva Iceland kunonetsa kufanoona. Asi semunyori weIcelandic Haukar Mรกr Helgason akaisa mu London Review of Books munaNovember apfuura:
"Kune pfungwa huru yekuzorora. Mushure memakore gumi e-claustrophobic, kutsamwa uye kutsamwa zvinogoneka zvakare. Zviri pamutemo: capitalism inotyisa. Edza kutaura pamusoro pezvakanakira misika yemahara uye iwe uchabatwa semunhu ari kusimudzira mabhenefiti ekubatwa chibharo. Honest kugumbuka kunovhura nzvimbo yetariro yekuti rimwe zuva mutauro unogona kuwanazve mamwe ehunyanzvi hwawo hwakakosha, zvekuti unogona kutotanga kutsanangura zviitiko zvemagariro zvakare. "
Mubvunzo mukuru ungave wekuti isu tose, mune yedu inogona Argentinas neIcelands, tichitora cheki kwemakumi emakore ekusakendenga nevakuru veindasitiri, tichave takagumbuka uye tine tariro yakakwana kuti titaure kuti hupfumi husina magumo hwave hunotyisa, kwete. payakakundikana, asi payakabudirira. Ngativimbei kuti isu tinofungidzira zvakakwana kuti tigadzire dzimwe nzira chaidzo. Iceland haina sarudzo kunze kwekutungamira nzira.
Rebecca Solnit mupepeti anobatsira kuHarper's Magazine uye Tomdispatch.com nguva dzose. Bhuku rake pamusoro penjodzi nemagariro evanhu, Paradhiso Yakavakwa muGehena, ichabuda gore rino.
[Chinyorwa ichi chakatanga kubuda Tomdispatch.com, weblog yeNational Institute, iyo inopa kuyerera kwakadzikama kwemamwe masosi, nhau, uye maonero kubva kuna Tom Engelhardt, mupepeti wenguva refu mukutsikisa, muvambi we iyo American Empire ProjectMuvambi Mugumo Wekukunda Muitiro, uye mupepeti we Nyika Maererano neTomdispatch: America muNew Age yeHumambo.]
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