"Idzi ndidzo nyaya dzicharamba dzichibuda kubva mumarara eFallujah kwemakore. Kwete, kuzvizvarwa…” (Dahr Jamail, mutori wenhau akazvimirira muIraq)
Heavily Conditioned Sensitivity
Sechinyakare, vatori venhau vekuMadokero vanosimbisa zvakanyanya zviito zvechisimba zvakaitwa nevatungamiriri vevavengi vekuMadokero, nepo vachipfuura zvishoma pamusoro pemutoro wekuMadokero wemhirizhonga yakanyanyisa. Sezvakataurwa naRobert Fisk:
"Hutsinye hwezuro - kuuraya kwechikoro cheBeslan, kubhomba kweBali, mhosva dzakapokana nevanhu ve11 Gunyana 2001, gassings yeHalabja - inogona kutizadza nekutyisa uye tsitsi, kunyangwe kunzwisa uku kuri kukonzerwa nehunhu hwevapari vemhosva. . Munguva iyo hondo yave sarudzo yesarudzo kwete yekupedzisira, uko kutendeseka kwayo kwete hunhu hwayo hunogona kupfupikiswa pabepa reA4 bepa, isu tinosarudza kutarisa nezvekutambudzika kunokonzerwa ne 'ivo' pane kuti 'isu. '." (Fisk, 'Kana kuchema kwevanofira kutenda kunotungamira mukurovererwa kwevasina mhosva', The Independent, 26 Kurume, 2005)
Kusiyana neizvi, mutori wenhau Dahr Jamail achangobva kubvunzurudza chiremba wekuIraq weku Fallujah uyo anotsanangura hutsinye hwakaitwa nemauto eUS panguva yekurova kwavo guta munaNovember wapfuura. Chiremba, zvino mupoteri muJoridhani uye achitaura nemamiriro ekusazivikanwa, anosimbirira kuti huchapupu hwake hunotsigirwa nevhidhiyo uye nemifananidzo.
Maererano nachiremba, muvhiki yechipiri yokurwisa kwavo mauto eUnited States “akazivisa kuti mhuri dzose [dzaifanira] kusiya misha yadzo dzosangana pamharadzano yomugwagwa dzakatakura mureza muchena. Vakavapa maawa 72 okubuda uye pashure paikoko vaizonzi vavengi. Takanyora nyaya iyi nevhidhiyo - mhuri yevane gumi nevaviri, kusanganisira hama nemwana wake mukuru aive nemakore manomwe. Vakanzwa murayiro uyu, saka vakaenda nezvokudya zvavo zvose nemari yavaigona kutakura, uye mireza michena. Pavakasvika pamharadzano apo mhuri dzakanga dzichiungana, vakanzwa mumwe munhu achidanidzira kuti ‘Zvino!’ muchiNgezi, uye kupfura kwakatanga kwose kwose.” (Jamail, 'Nyaya kubva kuFallujah', 12 Kukadzi, 7, http://dahrjamailiraq.com/weblog/archives/dispatches/8.php)
Chapupu chakaona chakararama chakaudza chiremba wacho ari wose mumhuri akanga akatakura mireza michena, sezvakarairwa. Zvakadaro, chapupu chakaona amai vake vachipfurwa mumusoro uye baba vake vakapfurwa nepamoyo nevapambi. Vatete vake vaviri vakapfurwawo, mukoma wake akapfurwa kugotsi. Mupukunyuki uyu akati paakazvisimudza pasi achida kushevedzera kuti abatsirwe, iyewo akapfurwa parutivi. Chiremba akaenderera mberi achiti: “Mushure memaawa akati kuti akasimudza ruoko rwake kuti abatsirwe uye vakapfura ruoko rwake. Saka mushure mechinguva akasimudza ruoko rwake vakapfura ruoko rwake.
Mumwe mukomana ane makore matanhatu okukura akanga akamira pamusoro pemitumbi yavabereki vake, achichema, uye iyewo akapfurwa.
"Chero ani akasimuka akapfurwa," chiremba akadaro, achiwedzera kuti aive nemifananidzo yevakafa uye nemaronda ekupfurwa evakasara.
Grisly Accounts - Mibvunzo mishoma yeBBC
Musi wa15 Kukadzi, Media Lens yakabata mutungamiriri wenhau weBBC, Helen Boaden, ndokubvunza kana BBC yaiferefeta nyaya idzi dzehutsinye hweUS. Mhinduro yake yakauya nemutauriri weBBC:
"Mafambiro emauto emubatanidzwa akaongororwa kwenguva refu nezvirongwa zveBBC, uye kana zvakafanira, zvicharamba zvakadaro." (Email kubva kuBBC Press Office, 23 Kukadzi, 2005)
Mumubvunzo wekutevera wakatumirwa musi waFebruary 25, takabvunza kuti ndeapi mapurogiramu eBBC akanga ataura nezvekuita kwe "coalition" mauto mu Fallujah, kusanganisira uchapupu huri pamusoro pemhosva dzehondo. Email yedu haina kufuratirwa.
Zvichakadaro, humwe humbowo hwemhosva dzehondo dzeUS hwakaramba huchibuda. Aljazeera yakashuma munaKurume 3:
“Dr. Khalid ash-Shaykhli, mukuru mubazi rezvehutano muIraq, akataura kuti mauto eUS akashandisa zvombo zvakarambidzwa pasi rose panguva yekurwisa kwakaipisisa muguta reFallujah.
Mukuru uyu akataura humbowo hwekuti mauto eUS “akashandisa… zvinhu, zvinosanganisira gasi remasitadhi, gasi retsinga, nemamwe makemikari ari kupisa mukurwisa kwavo muguta rasakadzwa nehondo.”
Vagari veFallujah vakatsanangura kuti vakanga vaona sei miviri "yakanyunguduka" muguta, zvichiratidza kushandiswa kwe napalm, cocktail inouraya ye polystyrene uye jet fuel inopisa muviri wemunhu. ('US yakashandisa zvombo zvakarambidzwa muFallujah - Health ministry', 3 Kurume, 2005, http://www.aljazeera.com/cgi-bin/news_service/middle_east_full_story.asp?service_id=7216)
Zvikumbiro chinhu chimwe chete, asi izvi zvinopomerwa zvinogona kutsigirwa here? American documentary-mugadziri wemufirimu Mark Manning achangobva kudzoka kubva Fallujah mushure mekuendesa mishonga kune vapoteri. Manning akakwanisa kuita muchivande maawa e25 emubvunzurudzo wevhidhiyo neakawanda ezvapupu zveIraqi - varume, vakadzi nevana vakambosangana nekurwiswa kwaFallujah kutanga-ruoko. Mubvunzurudzo nepepanhau romuUnited States, Manning akarondedzera kuti:
"... yakaudzwa nhoroondo dzinotyisa dzevanaamai vekuIraq vakaurayiwa pamberi pevanakomana vavo, vakoma nevanin'ina pamberi pehanzvadzi, zvese nemauto eAmerica. Akanzwawo mhosva dzekubatwa chibharo kwevanhuwo zvavo, nemauto eAmerica neIraq. Manning akati akanzwa mishumo yakawanda yekukombwa kwechipiri kweFalluja iyo yakatsanangura mauto eAmerica achiendesa - mukutyora zvibvumirano zvepasi rose - napalm, zvombo zvemakemikari, mabhomba ephosphorous, uye 'bunker-busting' mabhomba akaiswa neuranium yakapera. Kushandisa chero ipi zvayo yeiyi kurwisa vanhuwo zvavo kutyora mutemo wepasi rose. ”(Nick Welsh, ‘Diving into Fallujah”, Santa Barbara Independent, 17 Kurume 2005, http://www.independent.com/cover/Cover956.htm)
Takamanikidza Boaden kuti atsanangure kuti sei nhau dzeBBC dzakanga dzazvipira zvishoma kune izvi zvinodzokororwa zvehuipi hweUnited States, kana kune uchapupu hwekushandiswa kwezvombo zvakarambidzwa muFallujah. Boaden akapindura:
Wadiwa David Cromwell,
Ndatenda nemae-mail enyu achangoburwa kwandiri uye nevandinoshanda navo. Hofisi yedu muBaghdad uye mutori wedu wedziviriro anoziva nezvezvaunotaura. Nomuzvarirwo, yakazvimirira kuoneswa kwemishumo iyi kwakakosha - uye, sezvamunoziva, mafambiro edu mukati meIraq anorambidzwa zvakanyanya nezvikonzero zvekuchengetedza. Zvisinei, Fallujah inyaya inoenderera mberi uye boka redu muBaghdad rinogara richitaura nevanosangana nezvakaitika ikoko uye vari kuongorora ruzivo rwese rwavanowana. Zvikwata zvedu zveNyika Zvazvino Zviitiko zviri kutarisawo mumhando dzakasiyana dzenyaya dzine hukama.
Nezvekupomerwa kuti maAmerica akashandisa zvombo zvakarambidzwa munyika yose panguva yekurwisa Fallujah, mumwe wevanyori vedu aive "embed" nemauto eUnited States muFallujah akati haana kuona uchapupu hwekushandiswa kwezvombo zvakadaro uye kuti hakuna kumbove zvakataurwa kwavari pamusangano wemauto waakapinda muchivande asati arohwa. Paul Wood anotiwo: “Kurwa kwandakaona kwaiva kweropa, kwechinyakare kuchenura dzimba nezvivako mugwagwa nomugwagwa, bhuroka nebhuroko, rudzi rwokurwa kunoitwa neinopfuura M16 uye zvishomanana magirinedhi. Hazvina musoro kushandisa mustard gasi, nerve agents, mamwe makemikari ejenti kana nyukireya - kutaura nyaya yeAl Jazeera - munzvimbo diki yakadaro zvakare inogarwa nemauto ako.
MaAmerican zvechokwadi vaive nezvombo zvinotyisa, senge 155mm artillery, kana M1 A1 Abrams matangi, uye ini ndakabvunza veMarines nezvekushandiswa kwezvombo zvine simba zvakadaro munzvimbo inogona kunge ichine vanhuwo zvavo. Asi ndinodzokorora pfungwa yakaitwa nevapepeti vangu, kwemavhiki akawanda ekuwana zvachose kushanda kwemauto, pamatanho ese, hatina kuona zvombo zvakarambidzwa zvichishandiswa, kuendeswa, kana kukurukurwa. Saka hatigone kushuma kushandiswa kwavo. Ehe, isu tinochengeta pfungwa dzakavhurika uye tinogara tichiongorora, uye nekutaura, chero humbowo hwakaoma hunobuda pachena. Wako wakaperera, Helen Boaden Director, BBC Nhau (Email kuMedia Lens, 7 Kurume, 2005)
Takapindura mazuva maviri gare gare:
Wadiwa Helen Boaden,
Kutenda kukuru nekupindura; inokosheswa zvikuru. Ndiri kufara kunzwa kuti BBC iri kutevera nesimba humbowo huri kuwedzera hwehutsinye hweUS muFallujah.
Pane mapoinzi akati wandei nezvemhinduro yako yandinoda kuti ujekese, ndapota. Iwe unoti iyo BBC yaive "yakazara mukana wekushanda kwemauto, pamatanho ese". Ndokumbirawo mureverere chikumbiro ichi.
Chechipiri, wamaka mhinduro yako se "yakavanzika, kwete yekushambadzira". Chii chirimo chausingadi kuunzwa kune veruzhinji?
Ndinotarisira kunzwa kubva kwauri nokukurumidza.
shuwiro yakanakisa,
David Cromwell (Email, 9 Kurume, 2005)
Boaden akapindura:
Ndatenda kune imwe email yenyu. Isu tinotora tsamba sepachivande semutemo uye tine kutyira pamusoro pekukanganiswa kunoitika kana isu tikatorwa zvisiri izvo. Kana uchida kuburitsa mhinduro dzedu, ndapota enda nehofisi yenhau yeBBC.
Mukupindura mubvunzo wako, Paul Wood anoti kuwana zvachose kwaireva kuti haana kumbomiswa kupinda mumusangano chero waakakumbira kupinda. Akaiswa padanho rebattalion asi, semuenzaniso, akazviratidza kakawanda (uye firimu) pamusangano wemangwanani weColonel nevashandi vepamusoro, uko mirairo yakapihwa.
Paul anoti, "Chakanyanya kukosha, ndakaendawo manheru ekutanga kwehondo yehondo, pakanga paine masiraidhi nemaforodha aive akadhindwa "Chakavanzika Chepamusoro" paari.
“Pamusangano uyu, takapiwa mashoko akafanana neaya akanga ava kuda kuraira Mauto muhondo. Taiziva zvavaiziva. Paive neruzivo rwusinganzwisisike, rwakadai semufananidzo wesatellite wevapanduki uye "humint" yakanyungudutswa kana njere dzevanhu, sezvazvaive, pakufamba nesimba kwevapanduki. Isu takanga, chokwadi, takafukidzwa nemirairo yekumisikidza, iyo yaive yakanyanya kuomesesa pamusoro pekuchengetedza mashandiro. Izvi zvaireva kuti ini ndaisakwanisa kuenda pamhepo nehurongwa hwehondo isati yatanga, kana chero nhanho kuenda mune zvakadzama nezve iyo chaiyo mitemo yekubatanidzwa. Kupinda kwakazara kwairevawo kupinda pasi, kubuda nevanhu vanotenderera, vachinzwa maodha sezvavaipihwa, vachiona mashandisirwo aakaitwa. "
Paul Wood anotenda kuti kana mauto eUS aizoshandisa zvombo zvakarambidzwa mauto aifanira kuziviswa pachine nguva. Pamisangano yaakapinda pakanga pasina kupfupika kwakadaro. Pauro anosimbisa kuti pfundo pamusoro paaya marudzi ezvombo zvakarambidzwa nderokuti iwo haasaruri pakati pemauto ane ushamwari neavavengi. Izvi zvinoreva kuti iwe unofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuti mauto ako anoziva uye iwe unofanirwa kuve nechokwadi kuti vane inodiwa NBC kit.
Paul anoti, "Tingadai takaona maAmerica muNBC kit yakazara, sezvavaive pavakarwa kusvika kuBaghdad muna March 2003. Ndicho chikonzero ndisingafungi kuti zvinonzwisisika kuti zvombo izvi zvakashandiswa."
Nekumanikidzira, Paul Wood akaita misangano nenyanzvi dzakakodzera kuHuman Rights Watch, dzakaomesera mauto eUS maererano nekushungurudzwa muIraq neAfghanistan. Pauro akavabvunza zvakananga nezvezvombo zvakarambidzwa muFallujah. Vakataura kuti vakanga vanzwa zvichemo, vakaita ongororo [sic], uye havana kuwana humbowo hwekuti zvombo zvakadaro zvakamboshandiswa. Vakawanawo pfungwa yacho isingabviri nokuda kwezvikonzero izvo Pauro anotaura pamusoro apa. Anoti zvakare HRW haina kuona humbowo hwekushandisa napalm - kana zvombo zvenyukireya, makemikari, uye zvipenyu zvinonzi [sic] naAl Jazeera neMedia Lens.
Wako wakaperera, Helen Boaden Director, BBC Nhau (Email, 17 Kurume, 2005)
Media Lens yakabva yapindura:
Ndatenda ne email yako ichangoburwa. Ndinotenda nekutora nguva uye dambudziko kuitumira.
Mhinduro yako haitsigire kutaura kwawakaita kare kuti BBC "yaive neruzivo rwakakwana rwechiuto, pamatanho ese". Ini ndinoona kuti iwe, kutaura zvazviri, wakadzokera kumashure kubva kune icho chirevo chakapihwa kuti unotaura kuti zvinongoreva kuti Paul Wood "haana kumbomiswa kupinda mumusangano chero waakakumbira kupinda." Izvozvo hazvisi zvakafanana. Zvakare, Wood anoti "akapinda manheru ekurwa kwehondo". Uchapupu hupi hwaanahwo hunoratidza kuti iyi ndiyo chete+ kupfupikiswa kwakadai?
Unoziva here kuti vemauto eUS vakatobvuma kare kuti vakashandisa yakakwidziridzwa vhezheni ye napalm? (Andrew Buncombe, 'US inobvuma kuti yakashandisa mabhomba enapalm muIraq', The Independent on Sunday, 10 August, 2003). Chombo chakakwidziridzwa, chinoshandisa parafini kwete peturu, chakashandiswa pakakandwa mabhomba akawanda enapalm pedyo nemabhiriji pamusoro peSaddam Canal uye rwizi Tigris, kumaodzanyemba kweBaghdad. Sezvakataurwa naAndrew Buncombe mune Independent neSvondo:
"Takabata mazambuko ese aya," akadaro Colonel James Alles, mukuru weMarine Air Group 11. "Sezvineiwo paive nevanhu… Vaive mauto eIraq. Haisi nzira huru yekufa. Vakuru vemauto vanoda napalm. Hune simba guru repfungwa.”
Zvakare, iwe unenge uchiziva kuti BBC Worldwide Monitoring yakatora akawanda midhiya mishumo yeUS kushandiswa kwechepfu gasi muFalluja. Semuenzaniso, chinhu ichi chakaitwa 2 Kurume muLexis-Nexis dhatabhesi:
"Chinyorwa cheshumo naAbd-al-Hamid Abdallah muBaghdad chine musoro unoti 'Mauto ebasa anoshandisa gasi rine chepfu rinonhuhwirira kurwisa vagari veAl-Fallujah' rakaburitswa pawebhusaiti yeSaudi Al-Jazirah musi wa 28 Kukadzi.
"Mabviro kubva kuIraq's Association of Muslim Scholars vachangobva kushanyira Al-Fallujah vanoti mauto akashandisa gasi rine muchetura kurwisa vagari veguta mumazuva mashoma apfuura."
Kana BBC Worldwide Monitoring iri kuendesa mishumo yakadai, nei BBC isiri kumbotaura nezvayo muzvinyorwa zvayo zvenhau? Iwe unoreva HRW "vakaita ongororo". Dzakanga dzakakwana sei? Zvakadini nekuferefeta uye mishumo yakaitwa nevashandi vezvokurapa vekuIraq naDr. Khalid ash-Shaykhli, mukuru pabazi rezvehutano muIraq? Sei mavadzingira avo? Izvi zvingaita sezvinopesana nemirairo yevagadziri veBBC pachiyero, kururamisira, chokwadi uye kusarerekera.
Re: hutsinye hunoitwa nemauto eUS. Unoziva here kubvunzurudzwa kwepepanhau nevarume vaviri vanobva Falluja - chiremba Mahammad J. Haded naMohammad Awad, mutungamiriri wenzvimbo yevapoteri - muGermany zuva nezuva Junge Welt, Week final supplement, Feb 26, 2005? Chidimbu:
"Ndakaona muFalluja nemaziso ake mhuri yakanga yapfurwa nemasoja eU.S.: Baba vakanga vari pakati pemakore makumi mashanu, vana vavo vatatu pakati pemakore gumi negumi nemaviri. Mumusasa wevapoteri mumwe mudzidzisi akandiudza kuti akanga achigadzira zvokudya, apo masoja akapinda nechisimba mumusha mavo muFalluja. Pasina yambiro yekutanga vakapfura baba vake, murume wake nemukoma wake. Vakabva vabuda havo. Nekutya mukadzi akaramba ari mumba nezvitunha. Manheru kwakauya vamwe varwi vakamutora iye nevana vake vakaenda navo kunze kweguta. Aya ndiwo maviri chete enjodzi dzakawanda muFalluja. " (International Action Center, “Fallujah yakabviswa”, http://www.iacenter.org/jc_falluja.htm)
Nei njodzi dzakadai dzichitaurwa zvishoma, kana zviripo, nenhau dzeBBC? Ndokumbira udzore kutaura kwako kuti zvichemo zvekushandisa zvombo zvenyukireya, makemikari uye zvipenyu zvakaitwa +ne+ Media Lens. Izvozvo hazvina kururama. Tiri kukumbira BBC kuti itaure mashoko akadai; nyaya yakasiyana zvachose.
Ndinofara kuti tinokwanisa kuita kupanana maonero ane hunhu, akabudirira, uye ane musoro. Unogona here kutsanangura kuti sei izvi zvisingakwanisi kuoneka pawebhusaiti yeBBC - semuenzaniso pamapeji ako Newswatch? Zvikatadza izvozvo, Media Lens ingafara kugamuchira iyi shanduko pawebhusaiti yedu.
Ndinotarisira kunzwa kubva kwauri nokukurumidza.
shuwiro yakanakisa,
David Cromwell mubatsiri weMedia Lens (Email, 21 Kurume, 2005)
Mukati memaawa mana takagamuchira kudzingwa kunotevera kwakamwe kamwe:
Wadiwa David Cromwell
Ndatenda kune imwe email yenyu. Zvisinei, handitendi kuti imwe nhaurirano panyaya iyi ichaita chinangwa chinobatsira.
Wako akatendeka
Helen Boaden Director, BBC Nhau (Email, 21 Kurume, 2005)
Isu veMedia Lens hatizivi kana mauto eUS akashandisa zvombo zvakarambidzwa mukurwisa kwavo Fallujah. Nekudaro, zvinoshamisa kuti iyo BBC iri, kuita, kudzvanya inodzokororwa uye inoenderera mishumo yekufungidzirwa kwavo kushandiswa. Chinotonyanya kuodza moyo kutadza kweBBC kuburitsa huwandu hwekutyisa hwakaitirwa vagari vekuIraq. Dahr Email anoti:
"Mauto anofungidzira kuti 2,000 vanhu muFallujah vakaurayiwa, asi vanoti vazhinji vavo vaiva varwi. Vashandi vokuyamura uye vagari vomunzvimbomo, zvisinei, vanodavira kuti voruzhinji zvikuru vavakafa vakanga vari vanhuwo zvavo.” (Jamail, 'An Eyewitness Account ye Fallujah', 16 Zvita, 2004, http://www.dahrjamailiraq.com/hard_news/archives/2004_12_19.php)
Chirevo pamusoro peFallujah chakapiwa kumusangano we61st weUnited Nations Commission yeHuman Rights neBaghdad-based Studies Center yeHuman Rights uye Democracy inokumbira kune dzimwe nyika:
"Ndedzipi dzimwe njodzi dzakamirira masangano epasi rose kuti akwidze manzwi azvo achida kumisa kuponda uye kuuraya vanhuwo zvavo?"
Chirevo chinonyevera kuti "kune makuva akawanda muguta" uye "vakuru vezvokurapa uye vagari vemo havana kukwanisa kuwana nzvimbo yekuvigwa ye450 mitumbi yevagari veFallujah iyo mauto eAmerica atora mifananidzo uye akavigwa munzvimbo ichiri. hazvizivikanwe." (SCHRD, 'Nyora pamusoro pemamiriro ezvinhu aripo muFallujah', 26 March, 2005, http://www.brusselstribunal.org/pdf/lastReportFallujah%20crimes.pdf)
Isu tinonzwisisa kuti kushaikwa kwekuchengetedza kunoreva kuti kune matambudziko akakura mukutaura kubva kuIraq. Asi sevatapi venhau vakazvimiririra vakaita saDahr Jamail naMark Manning vakaratidza, zvinokwanisika kuwana humbowo hwakadzama hune chekuita nemhosva dzehondo muFallujah - humbowo hwakakodzera nhaurirano. Kusiiwa kunorwadza kweBBC kunoratidza, zvakare, kupindirana kwayo kwenguva refu mumhirizhonga huru yekuMadokero.
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