Hupfumi hwave husiri nyaya yakawanda munguva pfupi yapfuura. Mazwi akafanana neCassandra anoyambira nezvezvinotyisa, zvisingagoneke mubhajeti uye kushomeka kwekutengeserana, asi veruzhinji havafarire zvakanyanya nekuti hapana mhedzisiro inorwadza yakasimudza misoro yavo yakashata. Zvakadaro. Chinonyanya kuoneka ndiwo mamiriro emabasa, ayo kumurume ari mumugwagwa angaratidzika kuva akazviruramisa amene. Chirevo chazvino che Bureau of Labor Statistics chinoratidza kuwedzera kwe274,000 mabasa muna Kubvumbi, nhamba yakanaka. Pasinei nokuti iwe unofunga kuti mutero wemutungamiri wenyika wakashanda here kana kuti kwete, hupfumi huri kukura. Saka zvakakunakira sei?
Semazuva ese, zvinoenderana nekuti wakagara papi. Hupenyu hwevakawanda vezera rekushanda hunoenderana nemwero wavo wekudzoka pamaawa akashanda. Nyanzvi munyaya dzehupfumi dzinoti vashandi'
muripo (muhoro pamwe nekubatsirikana, kunyanya inishuwarenzi yehutano) zvinoenderana nekubudirira, kazhinji kunoyerwa sekubuda kwese paawa yakashanda. Kana vashandi vakawanda vachigadzira, vakuru vebasa vanobhadhara. Asi nyanzvi dzezvehupfumi dzinogona kukanganisa, uye iyi ndeimwe yenguva idzodzo. Nekukwira kuri kuita mabhosi vanogona kubhadhara zvakanyanya, asi vachabhadhara yakawanda here? Vanobhadhara zvakawanda here?
Kwemakore makumi matatu adarika goho rakura pamberi pemuripo. Izvi zvakadaro kune ese ari maviri epakati uye epakati mubhadharo mazinga. Kubva 30, kubudirira kwakawedzera ne1973 muzana. Muhoro weMedhia neavhareji wakakura, zvichiteerana, 70 uye 13 muzana. Mukaha uripo pakati pezvaigona kubhadharwa nezvinobhadharwa wawedzera kukura panguva yese iyi. Tiri kutaura maitiro enguva refu pano asingaenderane nenhoroondo ichangoburwa kana hutongi hwazvino, zvakanyanya sekuti vashandi venguva refu vagara vaine vis-Ã -vis vashandirwi.
Lawrence Mishel naJared Bernstein veEconomic Policy Institute vakatarisa zvakanyanya mamiriro ehupfumi aripo. Mumakore matatu nematatu apfuura, kubereka kwakawedzera ne4.1 muzana, nepo muripo wakawedzera ne1.5 muzana (zvose zviri zviviri inflation yakagadziridzwa). Kare, mapoinzi akafanana muchikamu chebhizinesi, mubhadharo wakakura nekukurumidza - 1.8 muzana paavhareji—uye musiyano uripo pakati pemubhadharo nekubudirira waiva mudiki. Kuenzanisa uku kunoratidza zvakaipa pahutongi hwazvino, asi maitiro enguva refu anoratidza kuti dambudziko rakakura kupfuura maRepublicans ari kuita matavi ese matatu ehurumende yemubatanidzwa.
Hazvishamisi kuti kukura kwemuhoro kushoma kwave kuchiperekedzwa nekuwedzera purofiti. Chikamu cheGross Domestic Product chakapihwa kumuripo wevashandi, mushure mekukwira zvine hungwaru kusvika 1970, chakamira uye chakadonha kubva ipapo. Chati iri pazasi inotaura nyaya inosuwisa. Mhedzisiro ndeyekuti budiriro haisi kudonha zvakanyanya, izvo zvaungangoziva.
Muchidimbu chekutumira vatasvi vehusiku kunotyisidzira vashandirwi vasingade, tinoda imwe nzira yekukwidza mihoro kumusoro. Tinoziva kubva mukuwanda kwechigadzirwa kunowedzera kunokwanisika—kuti hazvizokonzerese kutadza kwebhizinesi. Tinoda kuti vashandirwi vange vachidzingirira vashandi, vachikwidza mihoro. Izvi zvinotiendesa kumamiriro ezvinhu aripo emusika wevashandi.
Mabasa akawedzera, asi mwero wokushaikwa kwemabasa uchiri 5.2 percent—pamusoro pezvikamu zvina kubva muzana zvakaonekwa mukupera kwema4.0. Uyezve, chikamu che1990 muzana chinoshoreka zvikuru kana tichitarisa kuti vazhinji vakasiya basa mushure megore ra5.2 uye vasati vadzoka havachaverengwa sevasina mabasa.
Kuderera kwekushaya mabasa kungakonzera kunetsa kukuru mukutora basa, uye kuunza kudiwa kukuru kwevakuru vebasa kuti vakwidze mihoro. Zviviri zvezvinonyanya kukosha zvebasa repamusoro ndezvokushomeka kwebhajeti uye mutemo wemari. Deficits yakakura pari zvino, asi kuumbwa kwavo kunosiya zvakanyanya kudiwa. Kubva pakuona kwekukurudzira kushandiswa kwevatengi, kuderedzwa kwemitero kunokonzerwa nekushomeka kwaenda kune avo, sekutaura, havawanzoshandisa yakawanda yemari yacho.
Kudivi remari, Federal Reserve yanga ichikwidza mubereko, izvo zvinomisa basa. Vanoita sarudzo havanzwe kushaikwa kwemabasa kana mihoro idambudziko izvozvi, saka hapana kufarira mukugadzirisa. Nemwenje yavo, musika wevashandi wakagadzikana mune inogutsa tsika.
Zvinoitika kuti pfungwa yavo yenguva dzose haibatsiri zvido zvehuwandu hwevanhu vanoshanda. Tinoda shanduko yehutongi mumapato ese, sekufunga nezvenyaya iyi.
Imwe lever yakakosha ndeyehurefu hwevhiki yebasa. Shanduko mumitero uye mitemo yekuchengetedza hutano inogona kuita kuti inakidze kune vashandirwi kuhaya vanhu vazhinji, pane kushanda vashandi vavo varipo kwemaawa akawedzerwa. Kana vashandirwi vachikohwa mubairo nekuti mihoro iri kuseri kwekubudirira, zvinoreva kuti vanokwanisa kubvumidza nguva dzebasa kuti dzidzikire zvishoma pane zvakaenzana - kana kusazoderedzwa. Kudiwa kwebasa kunogona kukura. Kubudirira paawa mune iyi mamiriro kunogona kutowedzera.
A padivi penhamba dzechigadzirwa nechido chazvino ibasa rekukura kwegoho mugakava reSocial Security. Mune "mamiriro epakati" eSocial Security Trustees' mushumo unopa fungidziro yekuneta kweTrust Fund muna 2041, fungidziro yekukura kwegoho i1.6 muzana. Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, mumakore matatu apfuura avhareji yaiva 4.1 muzana. Avhareji pamusoro peanomwe ekare ebhizinesi kutenderera yaive 2.5 muzana. Pasi pemaTrustees ' "tarisiro" mamiriro, umo Trust Fund inochengetedza zviyero zvakanaka zvemakore makumi manomwe neshanu anotevera, inofungidzirwa kukura kwegoho ingori 75 muzana.
Nhamba dzeEPI hadzina kunyatsoenzaniswa nedzinoshandiswa pafungidziro dzeVaTrasti, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvinouya, asi zvakaoma kutiza mhedziso yekuti mamiriro epakati eTrasti haana tariro, uye chirongwa chiri nani mune zvemari kupfuura. kazhinji inoratidzwa.
Iyo Social Security chirongwa hachisi chirongwa chekudyara. Nekuti iri mubhadharo sezvaunoenda, kutaura kwayo "chiyero chekudzoka" ndiko kukura kweiyo mari inobva mari - mutero wekubhadhara. Mibairo yepamusoro inoreva kuti mutero wekubhadhara wakakwira, asi kana kusaenzana kwemuhoro kuchikura, mutero wemutero unoteuka pamusoro pemutero wekubhadhara mutero - pari zvino $90,000—uye mari shoma inoenda muTrust Fund pane zvingaite. Mumakore apfuura, 90 muzana yemuhoro yaive pasi pemutero wekubhadhara weSocial Security. Parizvino, inongova 84 muzana chete.
Nekutaura zvakafara, mwero wekudzoka pazvinhu zvevashandi zvikuru-basa ravo - uri kubuda ropa kumativi matatu. Kune rimwe divi, mubhadharo hauenderane nekubudirira. Chechipiri, kutadza kwemutero wekubhadhara mutero kuti uenderane nekukura kwemubairo miganho inoenda kuTrust Fund. Uye chechitatu, Bush Administration inoda kutsausa mipiro yemitero yekubhadhara kubva kumari yerubatsiro rweinishuwarenzi yeretirement—Social Security—kuchirongwa chekudyara chisina kurongwa, chakabirwa nedare.
Kuona zvibereko zvebasa romunhu nguva dzose kwave kuri kurwisana kwezvematongerwe enyika, kwete zvimwe zvisinganzvengeki mugumisiro wemusika wezvemari. Vanhu havafanire kugadzikana kune zvakajairwa uye kwete-zvakanaka-zvakakwana, asi pasina kurwa, ndizvo zvatichawana.
Max B. Sawicky inyanzvi munyaya dzezvehupfumi paEconomic Policy Institute. Anoda kubvuma mhinduro dzinobatsira dzaLee Price, EPI Research Director.
portside (rutivi rworuboshwe mune nautical parlance) inhau, nhaurirano uye gakava sevhisi yeMakomiti eKunyorerana kweDemocracy uye Socialism. Inotarisira kupa zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvekufarira kune vanhu vari kuruboshwe.
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
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