Akadzidza kuve musayendisiti asi akazopedzisira ave mutori wenhau aitaura, muratidziri uye munyori aitengesa zvakanyanya. Barbara Ehrenreich anonyora nezveurombo muAmerica uye kupatsanurwa kuri kuramba kuchikura pakati pevasina nezvavasina pamwe chete nenyaya dzehutano, hurongwa hwekugara zvakanaka, kodzero dzevakadzi nechitendero chekufunga kwakanaka kwakatenderedza vamwe varwere vegomarara. Kubva ku "Nickel uye Dimed: Pa (Kwete) Kupinda muAmerica" kuenda ku "Brightsided: Kufunga Kwakanaka Kuri Kudzikisira America," haanyari kutaura zvaanofunga. Akagadzira Economic Reporting Project yevatapi venhau vari kunze kwebasa.
Unoona sei musiyano wehupfumi pakati pevarombo nevapfumi nhasi?
Munoziva, nguva yokutanga yandakanyora nezvemukana uri kuwedzera pakati pevarombo nevapfumi uye kuderera kweboka repakati raiva muna 1984. Makanga muri mumagazini yeThe New York Times. Imwe mhinduro yandakawana yaive yekuti, "Kupenga. Izvo hazvisi kuitika. Hazvigone kudaro."
Kwenguva yakareba - mushure meHondo Yenyika II - nyika yedu yakanga yave yakaenzana. Ndingati imwe shanduko huru kubva ipapo ndeyekuti zvirinani zvinobvumwa. Yakaiswa patafura uye ndinofanira kupa sangano reOccupy rukudzo nokuda kwaizvozvowo. Chaizvoizvo, iyo 1 muzana yehuwandu inodzora hupfumi hwakawanda uye ine simba rezvematongerwo enyika. Tinoziva kuti iye zvino uye ndiro danho rokutanga pakuita chimwe chinhu.
Kunze kwekutaura uye pfungwa, iwe unoona chero mutsauko chaiwo pakati peRepublicans neDemocrats kamwe musimba?
Oo, mubvunzo unorwadza. Hongu, ndinoona mutsauko [asi] dzimwe nguva unofanirwa kuve nechiratidzo chakapinza kuti uzvione. Nhoroondo, kubva paChibvumirano Chitsva, maDemocrat anga akazvipira kushandisa hurumende sechisimba chichabatsira vanhu vari pasi kana vashandi. MaRepublicans haana chiono ichocho chehurumende iine basa repakati rakadaro zvachose.
Iwe unogona kuona mutsauko mukunyanyisa kwemapato, asi kana imwe iri musimba inoita seisina kujeka. Richard Nixon akagadzira Environmental Protection Agency uye Bill Clinton akasaina Welfare Reform Act.
Ndinofunga zvinonyanya kukosha kuti hapana mumiriri anombotaura izwi rekuti "urombo." Kunyanya kuwedzera kwavachawana kutaura nezvevepakati. Zvinoshungurudza zvikuru. Ndinofunga tinoda mapato echitatu, mapato echina, mapato mazhinji anogona kusunda nyaya idzi nekuti mapato makuru ese ari kutungamirwa ne [mushandirapamwe]. Iwe unoziva kuti vane pesvedzero yekunze-yepakati zvachose kubva kune vakapfuma kwazvo.
Sezvo iwe wakanyora "Nickel uye Dimed," pasi yakawira kunze kwemusika weimba, ichisundira vanhu vazhinji muurombo uye muhutano hwehutano.
Ndave ndichifarira kuteerera kune vanhu vasina kumbofungidzira kuti vangada rubatsiro rwakadaro. Vaiti, "Ndaifunga kuti ndezvevanhu vasina kuedza kushanda." Zvino pavakapinda munyatwa vakatozopinda muhurongwa uhu ivo vakaona zvisiri nyore kufamba. Kutaura zvazviri, zvakaoma chaizvo kufamba. Yakagadzirirwa nenzira dzakawanda kuodza mwoyo vanhu kubva kutsvaga mabhenefiti. Izvo zvave zvisiri zvechokwadi zvakadaro nezvezvitambi zvekudya. Zvitambi zvechikafu zvakawedzera mumakore achangopfuura kuti zvizadzise kudiwa kuri kukura uye kuwedzera kwenhamba yevanhu vari muurombo.
Iwe unofunga kuti une maonero ako chaiwoiwo, anoshanda eupenyu kubva kumhuri yako here?
Mhuri yangu yaifamba zvakanyanya, kutanga mukirasi yebasa reblue-collar uye kupinda mukirasi yepakati peguta. Ndinofunga zvinokatyamadza kuti hapana panguva ipi zvayo amai nababa vangu vakati, "Takazviita, chero munhu anogona kuzviita." Ndakarovererwa pandiri somwana kuti zvakanga zvakaoma. Vanhu vazhinji vaive nezvipingaidzo zvatakange tisina uye isu taive nezvimwe zvihombe zvakatinakira, sababa vangu — ndivo vangadai vakatanga kuzvitaura — vaive nehunyanzvi. Takanzwisisa sezvatakamukira kupinda muboka rapakati kuti vakawanda zvikuru vemhuri yedu vakanga vachiri kushanda mumafekitari kana kuti mumigodhi.
Vamwe vanhu vanotenda kuti kune hurombo hwepfungwa.
Pfungwa iyoyo — yekuti kune hurombo hwepfungwa, kuti pane chakashata nevanhu kana vakaomesesa kana pasi uye kunze, havasi kuedza zvakanyanya kana kuti vane tsika dzakaipa kana mararamiro akaipa — chinhu chinonyaradza kwazvo. kuvanhu vakapfuma. Vanhu vakapfuma vanobva vafunga vachiti, "Ah onai, ndiri mberi asi imhaka yekuti ndakanaka. Ndine tsika dzakanaka."
Panzvimbo pokufunga kuti chii chakaipa negadziriro iyo isingabhadhare vanhu zvakakwana kuti vararame nokuda kwebasa renguva yakazara, somuenzaniso, kana kuti haina kupa mabasa akakwana.
Iwe une doctorate mune cellular immunology. Semusayendisiti, wakasvotwa nekufunga kwese kwakanaka kwakakurova pawakabatwa gomarara rezamu.
Yakanga iri mhando yetarisiro yekuti ungave uchifara, wakanaka uye uine tarisiro pamusoro pemamiriro ako chaiwo. Kupfuura izvozvo negomarara rezamu, pfungwa yaive yekuti unozonyatsova munhu ari nani wekupinda mudambudziko iri [kuseka]. Zvese izvozvo zvakatondipengesa.
Hey ini ndiri munhu mukuru uye ndakatarisana nechirwere chakaipisisa chandati ndamboita. Hachisi chinhu chakanaka. Hapana chinodzikinura chandiri kuona pachiri uye chinhu chikuru chandinoda kuita ndechekuitora serious, nyaya yeicho chiri kukonzera chirwere ichi.
Sei tiine denda rechirwere chatisinganzwisise uye tisati tasvika pakunyatsonzwisisa? Ini ndinofungidzira mahormone angu esainzi akamutswa nekuti isu tinofanirwa kuziva zviri kuitika, chii chiri kukonzeresa uye isu hatidaro. Uyezve, pfungwa yangu chete yechiremera. Ndaisada kupihwa nemumwe munhu ane pfungwa dzakanaka gomarara rezamu repink teddy bear.
Basa rako rakuchinja sei?
Handizivi kuti chii chingave kana ukabvisa basa racho [kuseka]. Iwe unoziva, kunze kwekuti kune mhuri yakawanda. Izvi ndizvo zvandinoita, kunyora nekutsvaga uye zvinokurudzirwa, ndingati, nezvinhu zviviri zvikuru.
Imwe ihasha. Ndine hasha nekusaruramisira sezvandinoona munyika, kungave kubatwa kwevakadzi kana kubatwa kwevanhu nekuda kweruvara rweganda, chero. Ndinokurudzirwawo nekuda kuziva. Chii chiri kuitika pano uye ndinganzwisisa sei izvi zviri nani?
Uri kushanda pabhuku parizvino here?
Hongu, ndiri, uye ine zvinhu zvememoir. Inopinda mune yakawanda sainzi uye inopinda mune zvakawanda nezvechitendero uye ndizvo zvandiri kushanda pazviri, kuwedzera kune boka remamwe mapfupi mapurojekiti.
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
dhoneta