Kunobva: Nader.org
Kudai pasi redu rakanga rine upenyu, ringadai rakadedera kunzwa mashoko okuti S. David Freeman ashaya mwedzi uno. Freeman aive akakosha kune ramangwana rePasi. Mumakore ake 94th gore, akafuridzira zvese zvaakasangana nazvo nechishuwo chake chinopisa, simba risingaperi, uye njere dzakasimba.
Freeman, injiniya uye gweta, aiziva kwaiitwa zvisarudzo kana kuti kufuratirwa maererano neramangwana redu resimba. Akaseka kumbundirwa kwehupenzi kwemafuta ezvicherwa uye akanyevera vose vaizoteerera nezvemigumisiro inouraya yemarasha, oiri, uye gasi rechisikigo panharaunda yedu. Mwanakomana anozvininipisa wemurume aibva kune imwe nyika aigadzira amburera akashandisa matarenda ake anotyisa kwemakumi manomwe emakore uye akabatsira vanhu kuti vagadzirise amburera uye kushanda nesimba. Freeman akashanda kudzivirira kushandiswa kune njodzi kwefossil nemafuta enyukireya.
Freeman aive mumwe wevakatanga kuona nezvezvakatipoteredza kutinyevera nezvenjodzi dzinokonzerwa nemafuta efossil uye aive mumwe wekutanga kupa mishonga inoshanda. Akatanga basa rake muma1950s sainjiniya neTennessee Valley Authority (VAT) vasati vabata nhevedzano yezvinzvimbo neFederal Power Commission (FPC) uye Johnson White House. Muna 1974 Freeman akanyora iyo Ford Foundation's groundbreaking report "Nguva Yekusarudza: America's Energy Remangwana.” Aive chipangamazano kuMutungamiri Jimmy Carter, akamugadza sachigaro wehofori yeTVA muna 1978.
PaTVA, Freeman akakwanisa neasina-zvisina maturo, pasi-pasi, mhedzisiro-yakatarisana nekugadzirisa. Achishandisa zvaakadzidza paTVA, Freeman akazozivikanwa nekutenderedza mahofori akahwanda aisakwanisa kugadzirisa humbowo hunopesana nemararamiro avo uye kuparadza kwezvakatipoteredza. Tennessean akashinga akange asina moyo murefu wehurukuro yekuzvishandira iyo yaidzivirira mhinduro dziri pachena. Freeman aive mumiriri akasimba aishandisa zvinosetsa, huchenjeri, uye runako kuti ataure nyaya yake mudare remaonero eruzhinji nemumikoto yemasimba. “Amai Zvisikwa havana basa nezvatinotaura, Amai Venyama vane hanya nezvatinoita chete,” aiyeuchidza blovia!
Freeman akavhara kana kumisa kuvakwa kwehafu yegumi nemaviri mareactor enyukireya paTVA, achivaona seane ngozi, asina hupfumi, uye asina basa. Aifarira manyuko “emahara” esimba, akadai sezuva nemhepo, panzvimbo pemarasha anouraya, gasi, oiri, uye uranium yaifanira kubvarurwa zvine ngozi kubva muura hwePasi. Kana iri mikana mikuru inowaniswa nemasimba anoshanda nesimba, akadimikira Benjamin Franklin, achiti megawatt yesimba isina kutambisa megawatt yausingafanirwe kugadzira.
Pakati pemaitiro ake akajeka pamisangano yepasirese, achiraira vatungamiri, magavhuna, nhengo dzeCongress neparamende, uye zvinyorwa zvakawanda zvine hungwaru, Freeman akamhanyisa zvimwe zvitatu zvikuru zvekushandisa (kunze kweTVA, Freeman akamhanyisa zvishandiswa muCalifornia, Texas, uye New York) . PaSacramento Municipal Utility District (SMUD), akaita vhoti yeruzhinji vachipokana neRancho Seco Nuclear Generating Station yainetsekana, achitsiva simba rayo nekuchengetedza uye zvinogoneka.
Mumakumi emakore andaiziva David, aigara achiita kuti shanduko dzaaita dzitaridzike nyore nekuti aishandisa humbowo nehungwaru, chokwadi, uye hupfumi, dzimwe nguva kugadzirisa zvigaro zvake. Akashandisa ruzivo rwake kushandira veruzhinji iyo yaigara ichisundidzirwa parutivi nehutungamiriri uye zvido zvekambani.
Freeman aive nemusanganiswa usingaenzaniswi wehunyanzvi hwekutonga, ruzivo rwehunyanzvi, uye nekukasira kwehurongwa mukutarisana nedambudziko remamiriro ekunze. Taizomukoka kuzodya mabhegi ebrown nevatungamiriri vadiki vari kushanda pakuchinja kwesimba. Aizova "vachimbidza" ivo, vachinyomba dilatory cap uye mazano ekutengeserana uku vachida kuderedzwa kwemafuta ezvicherwa uye kupedza simba renyukireya, uye kuvatsiva nebasa rekugadzira simba rekuchengetedza, kudzorera dzimba uye zvivakwa sezuva nemhepo. Freeman akati, "Tinofanira kudzika mutemo unoti chese chinoshandiswa munyika muno chinofanirwa kudzikisa kuburitsa gasi regreenhouse ne5% ye2020 kuburitswa gore rega, kutanga izvozvi, uye kusvika tasvika pazero."
Iwe unogona kunge uchinetseka kuti sei usati waona Freeman paterevhizheni kana kuverenga nezve zvikumbiro zvake zvekukurumidzira, semuiti, achivhara dambudziko remamiriro ekunze uye nguva dzose inodzivirira ivhu remvura yemhepo kubva pamafuta anoparadza.
Zvirokwazvo, vezvenhau vakapa maawa akawanda nemapeji kuzvidzidzo izvi, vachibvunzurudza vanhu vashoma uye kazhinji vanopokana paNPR, PBS, kutengeserana network, uye mapepanhau makuru. Ndakafonera vatori venhau vazhinji nezvesimba uye zvezvakatipoteredza nezve kuwanikwa kwaDavid, asi zvakashaya basa.
Kwakanga kuri kukoshesa zera here? Izvo zvatekeshera. Aive matambudziko ake ekufunga akasununguka kunzi makambani ane simba here? Kwaiva here kuti aionekwa seasisiri mupi wemazano kuvakuru vakuru vane simba? Pazera remakore 93 akanga achibhururuka achienda kuCalifornia achitaurirana nezvekuvhara kwekupedzisira nuke plant ikoko nePacific Gas Electric. Akanyora pamwe chete bhuku All-Electric America: A Climate Solution uye Remangwana rine Tariro naLeah Y. Mapaki muna 2018 uye memoir yake yekufarira kwevanhu Iyo Green Cowboy: Hupenyu Hune Simba mu 2016. Munguva ichangopfuura akanga achisangana nevanotsigira "Green New Deal" nhengo dzeCongress.
Asi vezvenhau vanga vasiri kufona. Kusvikira, ndiko kuti, hupenyu hwaDavid “hunesimba” hwasvika kumagumo uye mapeji erufu akamupa kodzero yake ari Washington Post, New York Times, nezvimwe zvinotengeswa. Kusiyana nevatambi vane mukurumbira nevatambi, zvisinei, haana kuita peji rekutanga. Asi nhaka yake yekare muenzaniso unogara uripo wekuti tingaponesa sei pasi redu rakasvibira uye kuvhenekera ramangwana redu. Vanyori vehupenyu vangashuvira kuvhara pfungwa dzavo pahupenyu uhwu hunoshanda, hwakajekeswa hwekubudirira kwakakura kudaro.
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
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