(Chikunguru 7, 2009) - Mushure mesarudzo dzaChikumi 12 muIran, Mushandirapamwe weRunyararo neDemocracy. akabudisa chirevo tichiratidza rutsigiro rwedu rwakasimba kune mhomho yevaIrani vachiratidzira kubiridzira kwesarudzo uye kutya kwedu nemhinduro yakashata yehurumende. Chirevo chedu chakapedzisa: "Tinoratidza kushushikana kwedu kukuru nekugara kwavo zvakanaka pamberi pekudzvinyirirwa zvine hutsinye uye zvishuwo zvedu zvesimba rekusimbaradza nekudzika kwesangano rekururamisira uye democracy muIran." Kubva pakaitwa sarudzo, vamwe vari kuruboshwe, uye vamwe zvakare, vakapokana kuve kwechokwadi uye kudiwa kwekubatana nesangano reAnti-Ahmadinejad. Nzvimbo yeCampaign yekubatana nevaratidziri veIran haina kuchinja, asi isu tinofunga kuti mibvunzo iyi inoda kugadziriswa.
Pazasi pane mibvunzo yatinotora. Mibvunzo mitatu, mina nemishanu inobata nenyaya yekubirirwa kwesarudzo; vaverengi vasingafarire nhaurirano iyi yehunyanzvi vanokokwa kuti vaenderere mberi kumubvunzo wechitanhatu. Uye isu tinofanira kutaura pakutanga kuti tsigiro yedu yekuratidzira haina kutemerwa nehunyanzvi hwekunyengetedza kwesarudzo, sezvakakosha sezvavari. Chinosimbisa ndechekuti mhomho yevaIrani vane chokwadi chekuti sarudzo dzakabiridzirwa uye kuti vakapinda mumigwagwa, nenjodzi huru, kuda demokrasi uye kupera kwekudzvinyirirwa kwehumwari.
- Sarudzo yaChikumi 12, 2009 yaive yakanaka here?
- Hachisi chokwadi here kuti Guardian Council inosarudzwa zvisina kunanga nevanhu veIran?
- Paive nekubiridzira, uye kwaive pamwero wekuchinja mhedzisiro here?
- Ko ongororo yakaitwa nemasangano emuUS haina kuti Ahmadinejad akakunda musarudzo here?
- Ahmadinejad haana kuwana mavhoti akawanda here kubva kune vechitendero cheIranian vanochengetedza pakati pevagari vekumaruwa nevarombo vemumaguta? Ko mavhoti aya akange asina kukwana here kukurira vanomupikisa?
- Ko US (neIsrael) yanga isiri kupindira muIran nekusimudzira shanduko yehutongi, kusanganisira nekutsigira marudzi ese emapoka e "pro-democracy"?
- Vezvenhau vekuMadokero vanga vakarerekera kuhurumende yeIran?
- Mousavi ndeye kuruboshwe here? A neoliberal? Chii chiri hukama pakati peMousavi nevaratidziri mumigwagwa?
- Ahmadinejad yakanaka here kune pasi rose anti-imperialism?
- Ahmadinejad anofambira mberi here kupfuura vadzivisi vake maererano nemagariro evanhu nehupfumi? Iye murwi wevarombo veIran?
- Chii chatinoda kuti hurumende yeUS iite nezvemamiriro ezvinhu muIran?
- Chii chatinofanira kuita nezvemamiriro ezvinhu aripo muIran?
- Zvakanaka here kutsigira imwe nzira yehurumende muIran?
- Sarudzo yaChikumi 12, 2009 yaive yakanaka here?Kunyange dai mavhoti ese akaverengwa zvakanaka, iyi yakanga isiri sarudzo yakanaka. Vanhu mazana mana nemakumi manomwe nevashanu vaishuvira kukwikwidza chigaro chemutungamiri wenyika, asi Guardian Council isina kusarudzwa, iyo inoongorora vese vanofungidzirwa kuti vanoenderana nemisimboti yechiIslam, yakaramba zvese kunze kwe475.
Sarudzo dzakasununguka dzinodawo kubuditsa nhau dzakasununguka, kutaura zvakasununguka, uye rusununguko rwokuronga, zvose zvakaderedzwa zvikuru.โ [1]
- Unodaidza Guardian Council isina kusarudzwa, asi hachisi chokwadi here kuti yakasarudzwa zvisina kunanga nevanhu veIran?Makore masere oga oga Assembly of Experts inosarudzwa zvikuru. Vanokwikwidza vanofanirwa kunge vari vafundisi uye vanofanirwa kubvumidzwa neGuardian Council. Gungano reNyanzvi rinobva rasarudza mutungamiri mukuru, anotonga hupenyu hwese (kunyangwe achigona kubviswa neGungano reNyanzvi nekuda kwemaitiro asiri echiIslam). Mutungamiriri mukuru anogadza mukuru wevatongi. Mutungamiriri wepamusoro anosarudza hafu yenhengo gumi nembiri dzeGuardian Council uye vatongi vanosarudza vamwe vatanhatu, kuti vatenderwe neParamende. Guardian Council inobva yaongorora vese vachazomirira mutungamiri, paramende, uye Assembly of Experts. [12]
Saka, kana sisitimu iyi yave panzvimbo mikana yekuchinja zvakanyanya yave isingaite. Kana 98 muzana yevanhu veIranian vakasarudza mangwana kuti vanopikisa nyika yeIslam, mitemo yaizoramba ichigonesa hutongi hunoramba huri nesimba nekusingaperi - nokuti vanhu chete vanogona kuchinja zvinhu ivo pachavo kuti vaongororwe nevatongi vehurumende. Kana kuvandudza bumbiro remitemo kunoda kutenderwa nemutungamiri mukuru.
Iran haisi hudzvanyiriri hwerudzi rweSaudi Arabia, uko pasina sarudzo uye uko vanhu vasina zero yekuisa. Asi chakakosha chinodiwa chedemocracy system - yekuti vanhu vashandure hurumende yavo - haipo.
- Zvakanaka, asi pane chitsotsi here? Uye kwaive pamwero wekuchinja mhedzisiro here?Chokwadi paive nehutsotsi: Hurumende yeIran inobvuma kuti mumaguta makumi mashanu maive nemavhoti akawanda akakandwa pane vakanyoresa kuvhota. (MuIran, vavhoti vanogona kuvhota mumatunhu asiri mavanogara, asi โmatunhu mazhinji akarekodhwa mavhoti idiki, nzvimbo dziri kure dzisingawanzoshanyirwa nevafambi vebhizinesi kana vashanyi.โ [50] mavhoti adarikawo nhamba yevakanyoresa kuvhota mumatunhu maviri. [3] (Province-wide kuwandisa kwakakosha kudarika guta rose, nekuti vanhu vangave vashoma kuvhota kune rimwe dunhu pane rimwe guta.) Zvichida chiratidzo chehutsotsi chakanyanya inyaya yekuti vacherechedzi vaMousavi, pamwe neavo. vevamwe vanopikisa, kazhinji vaisabvumidzwa kuvapo paiverengwa mavhoti uye mabhokisi ekuvhota akavharwa - kutyora kuri pachena kwemutemo weIran. [4] Zvakare, vatsigiri vevanopikisa vanga varonga kutarisisa vakazvimirira zvakabuda nekutumira mameseji mavhoti emunharaunda kunzvimbo yepakati, asi hurumende yakangoerekana yavhara mameseji, zvichiita kuti izvi zvisaite.
Mubvunzo, zvisinei, ndewekuti hutsotsi hwacho hwakakwana here kuchinja zvakabuda musarudzo. Hatigoni kuva nechokwadi chakazara. Asi pane humbowo hwakasimba hwekuti hapana akabuda aine ruzhinji, izvo zvaizoda sarudzo yerun-off, kana kuti Mousavi akakunda zvachose.
Zvinoenderana nekuongororwa kwakaitwa nevaongorori paChatham House, tangi yekuBritain yekufunga, uye Institute of Iranian Studies paYunivhesiti yeSt Andrews:
โMuchikamu chimwe muzvitatu chematunhu ese, zvakabuda zviri pamutemo zvaizoda kuti Ahmadinejad atore kwete chete vese vaimbovhota, uye vese vaimbovhota vepakati, uye vese vatsva vhoti, asiwo vanosvika 44% yevaimbova vavhoti veReformist, kunyangwe makore gumi ekurwisana. pakati pemapoka maviri aya."[6]
Kubva mukukunda kwaAhmadinejad muna 2005, apo vazhinji vezvematongerwo enyika vakaramwa sarudzo uye mibvunzo yehutsotsi yakamutswa, vakaoma musoro vakarasikirwa nekutonga kwemakanzuru emunharaunda muna 2007. Saka Ahmadinejad akatsvaira muna 2009 - apo vatungamiri vezvechimutsiridzo, vachipindura kufungu rinokura rekusagutsikana ne hurumende, vakanga vachangopiwa simba rekupikisa Mutungamiriri - zvakaoma kukwereta.
Ahmadinejad anonzi akakunda munzvimbo dzaive nevamwe vakwikwidzi vaive nehukama hwakasimba nerutsigiro, kusanganisira mapurovhinzi avo. Vamwe vakafunga kuti izvi zvakakonzerwa nokuti vanhu vakanga vasingadi โkutambisaโ mavhoti avo pavanenge vasingadi kuhwina.[7] Asi muIran, sarudzo dziri mumatanho maviri: kana pasina mumiriri awana ruzhinji paround yekutanga, ipapo pane run-off. Saka pakanga pasina chikonzero chekuti chero munhu arege kuvhotera munhu waaida muchikamu chekutanga.
- Ko ongororo yakaitwa nemasangano emuUS haina kuti Ahmadinejad akakunda musarudzo here?Sarudzo iyi, yakaitwa neTerror Free Tomorrow neNew America Foundation, yakaona kuti Ahmadinejad aifarirwa pamusoro paMousavi nevaviri kune mumwe. Asi vhoti yakaitwa pakati paChivabvu 11 naChivabvu 20, 2009, kusati kwatanga zviri pamutemo mushandirapamwe wemavhiki matatu, uye pamberi pe (yekutanga) gakava remutungamiri wenyika. Nhaurirano idzi dzaive shanduko: mamirioni evaIran akaona zvakadzika kupatsanurana muhutungamiriri hweIslam Republic. Vakaona kuti pakanga pava nemukana wekuchinja chaiko.
Zvinotonyanya kukosha ndezvokuti Ahmadinejad akagamuchira tsigiro yechikamu chimwe chete muzvitatu chevakabvunzwa, pamwe nehafu vachiramba kupindura kana kuti havasati vaita pfungwa dzavo:
"Padanho remushandirapamwe weMutungamiri pakaitwa sarudzo yedu, 34 muzana yevaIran vakaongororwa vakati vachavhotera Mutungamiri Ahmadinejad. Mukwikwidzi wepedyo waVaAhmadinejad, Mir Hussein Moussavi, ndivo vakasarudzwa nezvikamu gumi nezvina kubva muzana, zvikamu makumi maviri nezvinomwe kubva muzana zvichiti havasati vaziva kuti vachavhotera ani. Vamwe vaikwikwidzana naPresident Ahmadinejad, Mehdi Karroubi naMohsen Rezai, ndivo vakasarudzwa nezvikamu zviviri kubva muzana nechikamu chimwe chete kubva muzana.
โKunyatsoongorora zvabuda muongororo yedu kunoratidza kuti nhangemutange yacho inogona kunge iri pedyo kupfuura zvingaratidza nhamba dzekutanga. Vanopfuura 60 muzana yeavo vanoti havazivi kuti vachavhotera ani musarudzo dzeMutungamiriri weNyika vanoratidza vanhu vanofarira shanduko yezvematongerwo enyika uye shanduko muhurongwa hwazvino."[8]
Kana hurumende ichishanda muchivande, ikaita sarudzo isina hutongi hwejekerere, nemabhawa uye ichirambidza vatori venhau vekune dzimwe nyika uye kufambiswa kwemashoko kwakasununguka, zvine musoro kusabvuma zvarinotaura.
- Asi Ahmadinejad haana kuwana mavhoti akawanda here kubva kune vechitendero cheIranian vanochengetedza pakati pevagari vekumaruwa nevarombo vemumaguta? Ko mavhoti aya akange asina kukwana here kukurira vanomupikisa?Rutsigiro rwaAhmadinejad kubva kuvavhoti veultraconservative hwaive husina kukosha. Mukuwedzera, mapurogiramu ake ehutano hwemagariro evanhu, akabhadharwa kubva kumari yemafuta, pasina mubvunzo akakurudzira vazhinji pakati pevarombo kuti vamupe kuvimbika kwavo (ona pasi apa). Uyezve kune nhengo dzemidziyo yekuchengetedza - Vachengeti veChimurenga neBasij, uto rinotsigira hurumende rechitendero paramilitary - avo, pamwe nemhuri dzavo, vanosvika mamirioni. Asi hapana humbowo hwekuti izvi zvaive zvakakwana kumupa hukuru hukuru hwaanoti. Kana vari varimi nevagari vemumusha, makumi matatu neshanu muzana chete evavhoti veIran vanogara kumaruwa. Uye mune chero chiitiko, pane chikonzero chakanaka chekutenda kuti vavhoti vekumaruwa havasi pro-Ahmadinejad zvakasimba. [35] Sezvakataurwa naChatham House, "Muna 9, semuna 2005 uye 2001, vavhoti vanochengetedza, uye Ahmadinejad kunyanya, vaive vasingafarirwe zvakanyanya kumaruwa. Kuti kumaruwa anogara achivhota anochengetedza ingano. Kutaura kwekuti gore rino Ahmadinejad akatsvaira bhodhi mune mamwe mapurovhinzi ekumaruwa kunobhururuka pamberi pemaitiro aya. " [1997]
- Ko US (neIsrael) yanga isiri kupindira muIran nekusimudzira shanduko yehutongi, kusanganisira nekutsigira marudzi ese emapoka e "pro-democracy"?Mumakore ekuma1950 nema60s, vane kodzero vakapomera kuti sangano rekodzero dzevanhu reUS raidzorwa neSoviet Union, kuburikidza neUS Communist Party. Chokwadi maKomonisiti aibatanidzwa mubato rekodzero dzevanhu uye pasina mubvunzo Moscow yakabvumira. Asi izvi zviri kure nekuratidza kuti Soviet Union yaive simba rakasimba mubato rekodzero dzevanhu, ndoda kuti yaidzora musangano.
Hapana mubvunzo kuti vamiriri veUS, pamwe nevedzimwe nyika, vanoshanda nesimba muIran, sekumwewo. Zvinonyatsozivikanwa kuti Washington yakapindira mune zvematongerwo enyika dzeVenezuela neBolivia, pamwe neGeorgia, Ukraine neLebanon, kutora chete mienzaniso yazvino. Congress yakatogadzira homwe yakakosha ye "democracy promotion" muIran. Asi kupindira kune dzimwe nyika hakuratidzi kutonga kune dzimwe nyika. Uye kupindira kune dzimwe nyika hakungoerekani kuzvidza kufamba kwevanhu vakawanda kana zvinangwa zvavo; zvinoenderana nekuti ndiani ari kuridza pfuti. Chero zvazvingaitika, hapana humbowo hwekuti CIA kana rumwe ruoko rwehungwaru hweUS - kana Mossad - ine chekuita nekutanga kana kutungamira kuratidzira muIran. Uye hazvina musoro kuona kufanana pakati pezvinhu zviri kurudyi muVenezuela neBolivia - vasiri kurwira kutonga kwakakurumbira pamusoro pehurumende dzavo - uye mamirioni evaratidziri vakadaidzira demokrasi muIran.
Muna 1953 US neBritish intelligence vakagadzira coup kubvisa hurumende yakasarudzwa nedemocracy yeMossadeq muIran. Asi kupandukira ikoko kwaisanganisira kupa chiokomuhomwe zvikwata zvemumigwagwa uye mauto anopandukira. Pakanga pasina chinhu chakafanana nekukwira kukuru kwatichangobva kuona muIran, uye hapasati paine humbowo hwechokwadi hwekuti mamirioni avanhu mumigwagwa mavhiki mashoma apfuura akaburitswa nemari yeCIA.
Zvakasiyana, kwemakore zvino kutungamira varwiri vekodzero dzevanhu veIranian, vakadzi, vatsigiri vevashandi - vanhu vakaita saShirin Ebadi naAkbar Ganji - vakatora danho rekuti vanopokana veIran havafanirwe kugamuchira rutsigiro rwemari yeUS. [11] Vane rekodhi inowirirana yekupikisa kushungurudzwa kweUS, zvirango uye kutyisidzira kwehondo, [12] uye vanoziva kuti chero zano rekubatana neWashington kungave kutsvoda kwerufu muIran.
Munguva pfupi yadarika, terevhizheni yenyika yeIran yakatepfenyura mifananidzo yevanonzi vakaita mhirizhonga vachiti "Takanga tichifurirwa neVoice of America Persia neBBC" uye vamwe vasungwa - vezvematongerwo enyika, vatori venhau, nevamwe - vanonzi vakareurura kune marudzi ese ezvirongwa zvekuMadokero. [13] Zvirokwazvo, zvisinei, hapana munhu anofanira kutora zvichemo zvakadaro, zvichikonzerwa nekutambudzwa kana kumanikidzwa, zvakakomba. [14]
- Vezvenhau vekuMadokero vanga vakarerekera kuhurumende yeIran?Mainstream vezvenhau vekuMadokero vakanyanya kufarira kuratidza kubiridzira kwesarudzo uye kudzvanyirira muIran kupfuura mumatunhu anodyidzana neWashington. Asi izvi hazvireve kuti pave pasina hutsotsi kana hudzvanyiriri muIran.
Semuenzaniso, vhidhiyo yekuurayiwa kwaNeda Agha Soltan yakapararira zvakanyanya painternet uye vezvenhau vakakurumidza kushandura kufa kwake kuve chiratidzo chehutsinye hwehurumende yeIran. Hatina kumboona davidzo yakafanana kuvanyajambwa vazhinji vehurumende youtsinye muHaiti kana kuti Egypt kana kuti Colombia. Zvakadaro, zvakataurwa nevamwe vakuru veIran kuti akaurayiwa neCIA kana nevamwe varatidziri kuti hutongi huite sehwakashata[15] kushaya chokwadi zvachose.
Nhepfenyuro dzekuMadokero dzakagara dzichishambadza uye dzinowanzo wedzera mhosva dzevavengi vepamutemo. Asi isu hatifanirwe kugumisa kubva pane izvi kuti mhosva hadzina kuparwa. Uye panyaya yeIran, hapana humbowo hwakanaka kusvika pari zvino hwekuti nhau dzekuMadokero dzinotaura nezvehutsotsi hwesarudzo hwehurumende uye kudzvanyirira vanhu vanopokana zvave zvisiri izvo.
- Mousavi ndeye kuruboshwe here? A neoliberal? Chii chiri hukama pakati peMousavi nevaratidziri mumigwagwa?Zvematongerwo enyika nehupfumi hwaMousavi hazvina kunyatsojeka. Ari munzira dzakawanda mbiru yeKutangwa - yakabvumidzwa semumiriri neGuardian Council uye aimbove mutungamiriri akashanda pasi peAyatollah Khomeini muma1980s. Aive nemukurumbira wekuve mumwe wevatungamiriri vanonzwira tsitsi zvirongwa zvehurumende. Pasi pehutungamiriri hwake zvirongwa zvakawanda zvakadaro zvakaitwa, asiwo vakasiya vakadzvinyirirwa zvine hutsinye. Nerubatsiro rweWashington, ichishandisa ruzivo rwehungwaru rweUS, hurumende yeIran yakaunganidza nhengo dzepro-Soviet Tudeh Party ikaita kuuraya vanhu vazhinji, yakabvisa Tudeh muIran nekuuraya vamwe vazhinji vakasara. [16] Zvave zvichinzi kudzvinyirirwa uku kwakaitwa nebazi rezvehungwaru nevematare edzimhosva, uye kuti masangano aya aive asiri pasi pake kunyangwe aive mutungamiriri wehurumende. Kunyangwe izvi zviri izvo, kana kuti kwete, Mousavi haana kusiya basa kana kupikisa pachena kudzvanyirirwa kwakaitika paakanga ari mutungamiriri wehurumende, uye nekudaro haakwanise kubvisirwa mutoro.
Nguva pfupi yadarika, anga ari mubatsiri wemufundisi ane simba remabhiriyoni uye aimbova mutungamiri Hashemi Rafsanjani, ari padyo nezvido zvebhizinesi zvakazvimirira. Mousavi anotsigira kutendeutsa matunhu mazhinji ehupfumi hweIran mumaoko akazvimirira, asi anodaro Ahmadinejad, uyo anozvirova dundundu kuti akabiridzira hupfumi hweveruzhinji kupfuura vaimutangira, [17] uye chokwadi kushambadzira kwave kuenderera mberi kwenguva yakati wandei. makore uye zvinorairwa nemutemo uchangobva kupasiswa. [18] Mushandirapamwe wake wehutungamiriri, Mousavi akadana kusunungura zvimwe zvezvirango zveIslam Republic pamusoro perusununguko rwemunhu, kunyanya zvine chekuita nekodzero dzevakadzi. Asi Mousavi akauya kuzoisa zvishuwo zvemamiriyoni evaIrani kune zvinopfuura izvi - kugumisa hugandanga hweBasijis neVarindi veChimurenga uye nekutowedzera demokrasi yeIslam Republic. Pasina kupokana, vamwe vavo vaitarisira - sezvatinoita isu - kuti kuratidzira kwaizove danho rekutanga rekubvisa iyo inopokana nedemocracy system yehutongi hwevafundisi pachayo.
Mumavhiki akatevera sarudzo, varatidziri vakaratidzira kubiridzira pakuvhota, asi vakadanawo kuwedzera kuenzana nerusununguko - "pasi nehudzvinyiriri!" Kufora kungangove kwakatangwa zvakanyanya nevadzidzi uye vane pfungwa dzakasununguka vanhu vepakati, asi vakakurumidza kubatanidzwa nenhamba yaikura yevashandi, vakweguru nevakadzi mumakombi anochengetedza.
Zvinoita sekuti sangano resarudzo raMousavi harina kutarisira kubuda kukuru kwekuratidzira mushure mesarudzo uye harina kukwanisa (uye pamwe kusada, kupihwa hukama hwaMousavi) kupa chero sangano kana hutungamiriri chaihwo. Mhirizhonga inotyisa yemauto asiya varatidziri, uye veruzhinji muIran, vashamiswa uye vachitya zvinonzwisisika. Zvisinei, hasha dzavo dzakadzama, uye hadzizoperi. Kuratidzira kungakurumidza kudzoka mumigwagwa nepamusoro pedzimba. Uye vazhinji vari kutsvaga dzimwe nzira dzekuratidzira. Mousavi, Khatami naRafsanjani havasati vaita runyararo naAhmadinejad, uye kupatsanurwa kwevafundisi veIran kunowedzera.
Mamirioni akapinda mumigwagwa akatoratidza kuti anokwanisa kuzvimiririra kubva kuna Mousavi, uye, sezvagara zvichiitika mukurwisana kwedemocracy nhoroondo pasi rose, pane chikonzero chakanaka chekutenda kuti mhomho yevaratidziri vakapinda kurwisana kwezvido zvishoma kunogona kudarika hurongwa hwezvematongerwo enyika, hwemagariro evanhu uye hwehupfumi hwevatungamiri vekutanga vesangano. MuIran, izvi zvinonyanya kuitika kana masangano evashandi achikwanisa kushandisa kuvhura kwakagadzirwa nematambudziko anhasi kuAhmadinejad kusimbisa zvido zvevarombo uye kukweretesa simba ravo rakarongeka kusangano.
- Ahmadinejad yakanaka here kune pasi rose anti-imperialism?Pane kukakavara kwehupenzi mune mamwe matunhu ekuruboshwe inobata kuti chero nyika inopikiswa nehurumende yeUS saka inongoita inoenderera mberi, inopokana-imperialist uye inofanirwa kutsigirwa. Nezvikonzero izvi, vazhinji vakadai "vakasara" vakaita sevarevereri vevadzvanyiriri vanoponda saMilosevic naSaddam Hussein. Mushandirapamwe weRunyararo uye Democracy yakagara ichipokana kuti isu tinogona kupikisa mutemo wehumambo hweUS pasina nekudaro kutsigira nyika dzainotungamirwa.
Sezvineiwo, zvisinei nekutaura kwavo kwazvino, vamwe veUS neoconservatives vakafarira kukunda kweAhmadinejad. [19] Vaiziva kuti pazvinhu zvikuru zvinopatsanura US neIran - kutsvaga kweTehran simba renyukireya, kutsigira kwayakaita Hamas neHezbollah, uye kuomerera pakumanikidza Israeri kuti abve zvachose muNzvimbo Dzakabatwa - chinzvimbo chaAhmadinejad chakanga chisina kusiyana neizvozvo. yeMousavi kana iyo yeIran veruzhinji maonero. [20] Asi Ahmadinejad, nemaitiro ake ekupokana uye "kubvunza" kwake kunotyisa kweKuuraya, mutungamiri ari nyore kuvenga uye kutya; kuramba kwake akabata simba saka anoshandira zvinangwa zveneoconservative hawks neIsrael hardliners. [21] Uye ivo vanoziva kuti maonero eruzhinji eIran anotsigira zvakasimba chikonzero chekodzero dzePalestine; uye kuti kutaura kwaAhmadinejad kunopesana nemaJuda kwakakuvadza, kwete kubatsira, maPalestine.
Vamwe ve "vakasara" ava vanoti chero kukanganisa kwaAhmadinejad, kuwanda kwevazhinji muIran kunotambira mumaoko ehudzvanyiriri hweUS. Mukupesana, sangano revanhu rinotsigira demokrasi ndiko kutya kwakaipisisa kwehurumende dzakawanda dzeutongi idzo Washington inotsamira pairi kuchengeta chiremera chayo; sevatongi veEgypt, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Pakistan nedzimwe. Uye kwete chete pakati pevatengi veUS. Zvinokosha kuti nhau dzekuratidzira dzakaongororwa zvakanyanya muChina neMyanmar, uye kuti hurumende yeRussia yaive imwe yekutanga kukorokotedza Ahmadinejad ne "kukunda" kwake.
Hugo Chavez akakorokotedzawo Ahmadinejad. SaReese Erlich, munyori weThe Iran Agenda anowanzo kuoneka paDemocracy Now!, akataura,
"Padanho rezvematongerwo enyika, Venezuela neIran vanogovana zvimwe zvinhu zvakafanana. Vese vari kurwiswa neUS, kusanganisira kuedza kwekare pa'kuchinja kwehurumende.' Venezuela nedzimwe hurumende pasi rose dzichafanira kubata naAhmadinejad semutungamiri wenyika, saka kubvunza sarudzo kunogona kukonzera matambudziko ezvematongerwo enyika.
Asi ichocho hachisi chikonzero.โ [22]
- Ahmadinejad anofambira mberi here kupfuura vadzivisi vake maererano nemagariro evanhu nehupfumi? Iye murwi wevarombo veIran?Sevekuruboshwe isu tinoziva kwazvo nevezvematongerwo enyika vari rightwing vachiti vane hanya nevarombo nevashandi. Iyo Islamic Republic yagara ichisanganisira chikamu chezvekugarisana zvakanaka kuti ibatsire kuchengetedza rutsigiro. Ahmadinejad akaita zvirongwa zvevanhu vakawanda, achishandisa imwe yemari inowanikwa nemutengo wakakwira wemafuta. Asi, kunyangwe kufuratira chokwadi chekuti kodzero dzehutongi hwejekerere uye kodzero dzevakadzi hadzisi nyaya dzega dzevane-kuita zvakanaka, Islamic Republic, uye kunyanya hutungamiriri hwaAhmadinejad, hazvina kunaka kuvashandi nevarombo veIran.
Chero ani zvake anoda kutsigira vashandi anofanirwa kutsigira masangano akazvimirira kuitira kuti vashandi vadzivirire zvido zvavo kubasa uye munharaunda yese. Nekudaro, Iran haisati yabvumidza zvibvumirano zvepasi rose zvevashandi zvinovimbisa rusununguko rwekubatana uye kutaurirana pamwe nekupedza basa revana, [23] uye mibatanidzwa muIran yakadzvinyirirwa zvinotyisa. Sezvo International Campaign for Human Rights muIran yakashuma [24]:
"Vashandi veIran havasati vakwanisa kuumba masangano evashandi akazvimirira, kodzero yakarambwa mukati memutemo wevashandi veIran uye zvakatsikirirwa nehurumende mukuita. Hurumende inogara ichisunga pamwe nekuvamhan'arira vashandi ichida kodzero dzavo dzakanyanya, sezvinodiwa kuti vasabhadharwe, dzimwe nguva kwenguva yakareba semwedzi makumi matatu nemitanhatu. Mauto anodzivirira anowanzorwisa kuungana kune runyararo kunoitwa nevashandi, anoshungurudza mhuri dzavo, uye kunyange kudziuraya, sezvakaitika pakaungana vanhu vaichera mhangura muShahr Babak, pedyo neguta reKerman, muna 36.โ
Pasi pehutungamiriri hwaAhmadinejad, zvinhu zvanyanya kuoma:
"Vaviri vanotungamira masangano evashandi, Mansour Osanloo naMahmoud Salehi, vari mutirongo parizvino. Mumwe, Majid Hamidi, nguva pfupi yadarika akaedza kuuraya, ari muchipatara. Pamusoro pekuiswa mujeri nekubhadhariswa faindi, vamwe vashandi gumi nemumwe vakazvamburwa muna Kukadzi 2008 nekuda kwemhosva yekupinda mugungano rine runyararo rekurangarira Zuva reInternational Labor Day, Chivabvu 1.
โMuna Ndira 2006, mauto akasunga nhengo dzinoda kusvika chiuru dzeSyndicate of Workers of Tehran and Suburbs Bus Company, vakarwisa dzimwe dzimba dzavo, vakarova mhuri dzavo, uye vakatosunga madzimai nevana venhengo dzinotungamirira, kudzivirira chirongwa chakarongwa. strike. Kubva ipapo, nhengo zhinji dzedare repamusoro reSyndicate dzange dziri kunangana nekupomerwa mhosva nekukandwa mujeri. Mutungamiri weSyndicate, VaMansour Osanloo, vari kupika chirango chemakore mashanu, asi vachirwara nekukuvara kwemaziso nekuda kwekutanga kurohwa, uye vari panjodzi yekupofumadzwa. Nhengo dzeSyndicate dzinosvika makumi mashanu neina dzakadzingwa basa uye dzamiswa pamberi pematare edzimhosva nenyaya yerunyararo.
Kuedza kwevadzidzisi kuronga uye kubvumirana pamwe chete kwasanganawo nekudzvinyirirwa kwechisimba.
Zuva raChivabvu rapfuura, hurumende yakarova vatori vechikamu muchiitiko chevashandi murunyararo ndokusunga vatungamiri. [25] Uye muna Chikumi, komiti yeInternational Labour Organisation yakataura Iran nezve "mamiriro akakomba ane chekuita nerusununguko rwekubatana munyika. [26]
Chinoita kuti kudiwa kwemibatanidzwa muIran kuve kwakanyanya kukosha ndechekuti huwandu hukuru hwevashandi hunomanikidzwa kushanda pasi pezvibvumirano zvenguva pfupi izvo zvinobvumidza kunyanya kushandiswa kwevashandi kupfuura nguva dzose. Imwe tsika yakajairika ndeyokuti vashandi vadzingwe basa vozopinzwa patsva mushure memwedzi mitatu yega yega senzira yekuvanyima mari dzemudyandigere nezvimwe.
- Chii chatinoda kuti hurumende yeUS iite nezvemamiriro ezvinhu muIran?Pane zvakawanda zvinogona kuitwa neHurumende. VaObama vanofanira kuvimbisa kuti US haizombofa yakarwisa Iran kana kutsigira kurwisa kweIsrael. Anofanirwa kuzvipira United States kuti isatsigire hugandanga kana kuparadza mashandiro muIran, uye nekukasira kuraira kumisa chero zviitiko zvakadaro zvingave zvichiri kuitika. Anofanira kusimudza zvirango pamusoro peIran - zvirokwazvo kwete semubairo kuna Ahmadinejad wekuba sarudzo, asi nokuti zvirango zvinokanganisa vanhu veIranian uye zvinopa chimwe chezvikonzero zvakakosha zvekutonga kwesimbi kwaAhmadinejad. Anofanirwa kutora matanho makuru ekubvisa zvombo zvenyukireya zveUS uye zvakajairika, uye anofanira kubvisa mauto ese eUS kubva kuIraq, Afghanistan, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait nePakistan. Uye anofanirwa kushanda kusimudzira nyukireya isina Middle East, iyo inosanganisira Israel. Nekudzikisa kutyisidzira uku, VaObama vanenge vachibvisa imwe yezvikonzero zvekudzvinyirirwa kweIran (pamwe nechirongwa chayo chenyukireya).
- Chii chatinofanira kuita nezvemamiriro ezvinhu aripo muIran?Tinofanira kujekesa kuvanhu veIran kuti kune "imwe America," iyo yakasununguka kubva kuhurumende uye inopesana neinodzvinyirira uye inopesana nedemocracy mutemo wekunze. Tsigiro yedu inouya isina tambo dzakabatanidzwa uye hapana yakavanzika ajenda. MaIran anofanira kuziviswa kuti ndevekuAmerica vanofambira mberi - kwete hurumende yeUS kana vanyengeri vekodzero - vanopa kubatana kwechokwadi.
- Zvakanaka here kutsigira imwe nzira yehurumende muIran?Sevanhu vari kuruboshwe, Campaign for Peace and Democracy inotsigira shanduko huru kwese kwese kuti vanhu havana kutonga kwakazara pamusoro pehupenyu hwavo hwezvematongerwo enyika nehupfumi. Isu tinotsigira shanduko yakadaro muUnited States, muFrance, muRussia, muChina. Uye isu tinoitsigira muIran zvakare. Asi isu hatitsigire hurumende yeUnited States - kana Britain kana Israel kana chero imwe nyika - ichiisa "shanduko yehurumende" kunze kwemiganhu yayo nechisimba. Chakanga chisina kunaka nekupinda kwaVaBush muIraq muna 2003 hakusi kuti hutongi hwaSaddam Hussein hwakakundwa โ hutongi hwake hwaive hunotyisa uye ani nani aive nehanya nehunhu hwevanhu aida kuti zvipere โ asi kuti VaBush vakati United States yaive nekodzero yekupinda nechisimba. Shanduko yezvematongerwo enyika yakatemerwa neuto rekunze, kana kuti yakaunzwa nekuvanzika kwemasangano ehungwaru ekunze, haigamuchirwi, uye haigamuchirwi zvakanyanya kana simba rekune dzimwe nyika rine chekuita nenhoroondo refu yekupindira kwezvinangwa zvaro zvakashata: kumanikidza kutonga kwaro, kudzora zviwanikwa zvemafuta, kugadzira zvigaro zvehondo.
Asi isu tinotsigira vanhu veIran kana vakaita zvekupedza hutongi hwehutongi muIran? Ehe saizvozvo! Iyi ihurumende iyo, pamusoro pehutsotsi hwayo huchangobva kupera uye kurwiswa kwakashata kune vagari vayo, kusungwa, kurwadzisa, kurova pachena uye kunorembera vanopikisa vezvematongerwo enyika, vanorwira vashandi, ngochani, uye "vakatsauka," uye vachiri kuraira kuurayiwa nematombo. semutongo weupombwe. Musoro weJudiciary akazivisa kumisa kuurayiwa nematombo muna 2002, asi vanhu vanenge vashanu vanozivikanwa kuti vakatemwa nematombo kusvika vafa kubva ipapo, vaviri vavo musi waDecember 26, 2008. [27] Vashandi havana kodzero yekurova. Uchapupu hwemukadzi hunokosha hafu yehuya hwemurume nevakadzi vane kodzero dzakaganhurirwa dzekurambana nekuchengeta mwana. Utongi hunoisa rusaruraganda rwevakadzi, rusarura madzimai munzvimbo zhinji dzeveruzhinji. Kuvhara kunosungirwa uye kunotevedzwa nekutyisidzira, faindi uye kusungwa. Tinofanira kutsigira kuedza kwevaIrani kugumisa maitiro ehutsinye aya.
Notes
- Ona, semuenzaniso, Amnesty International, "Iran: Kuwedzera kudzvinyirira kwekupokana sezvo sarudzo dzaswedera," 1 Kukadzi 2009, MDE 13/012/2009; Amnesty International, "Sarudzo dzemutungamiri wenyika yeIran pakati pemhirizhonga uye kutyorwa kwekodzero dzevanhu kuri kuramba kuchiitika," 5 June 2009; Amnesty International, "Iran: Sarudzo pakati pekudzvinyirirwa kwekupokana uye kusagadzikana," 9 June 2009, MDE 13/053/2009.
- Ona BBC, "Iran: Ndiani Ane Simba".
- Michael Slackman, "Pakati peKuparadza, Iran Inobvuma Kukanganisa Kuvhota," New York Times, June 23, 2009.
- Ali Ansari, ed., Preliminary Ongororo yeZviverengero Zvekuvhota muIran's 2009 Presidential Election, Chatham House uye Institute of Iranian Studies, University of St Andrews, 21 June 2009.
- Kaveh Ehsani, Arang Keshavarzian naNorma Claire Moruzzi, "Tehran, Chikumi 2009," Middle East Report Online, June 28, 2009.
- Suleyman , op. cit.
- George Friedman, "Sarudzo yeIran uye Revolution Muedzo," Stratfor, June 22, 2009; Esam Al-Amin, "Kutarisa Kwakaoma paMberero: Chii Chakanyatsoitika Musarudzo yeMutungamiri weIran?"CounterPunch, Chikumi 22, 2009.
- Kutyisa-Kusina Mangwana & New America Foundation, โAhmadinejad Front Runner in coming Presidential Elections; MaIran Ramba Kudzokera Kukanganisa uye Hukama hurinani neUS neWest; Mhedzisiro yeNew Nationwide Public Opinion Survey yeIran pamberi peChikumi 12, 2009 Sarudzo dzeMutungamiri. June 2009.
- Eric Hoogland, "Iran Rural Vhoti uye Kubiridzira Sarudzo," Chikumi 17, 2009, Agence Global.
- Suleyman, op. cit.
- Karl Vick naDavid Finkel, " US Push yeDemocracy Inogona Kudzokera Mukati meIran , " Washington Post, March 14, 2006; Akbar Ganji,โ Sei maDemocrat eIran achiramba Rubatsiro , " Washington Post, Oct. 26, 2007; Patrick Disney," Iranian Civil Society Inokurudzira US kumisa 'Democracy Fund,' kurerutsa zvirango ,โ 16 Chikunguru 2008.
- Ona, semuenzaniso, " Iran's Civil Society Movement Inomisa 'National Peace Council' ,โ CASMII Press Release, 10 Chikunguru 2008.
- AFP,โ Iran inoratidza mifananidzo ye 'vapanduki vakafurirwa nevezvenhau vekuMadokero' ,โ 23 June 2009; Michael Slackman, " Vashanduri Vepamusoro Vakabvuma Kuronga, Iran Inozivisa , "New York Times, Chikunguru 4, 2009; CNN," Mutori wenhau weNewsweek muIran anonzi 'anoreurura' ,โ July 1, 2009.
- Ehe, pakaitwa chitambudzo chakafanana nehurumende yeUS, vezvenhau vekuUS vakangotaura nezve "nzira dzekubvunzurudza dzakakasharara." Ona Glenn Greenwald, "Iyo NYT inodana Iranian kubvunzurudza maitiro 'kutambudza',โ Salon, Chikunguru 4, 2009.
- Thomas Erdbrink naWilliam Branigin, ".Mufundisi weIran anoti varatidziri vanorwa naMwari, " Boston Globe, June 27, 2009.
- The Tower Commission Report, Bhodhi rePresident's Special Ongororo, New York: Bantam Books/Times Books, 1987, mapeji 103-04.
- Ehsani, nevamwe., op. cit.
- Billy Wharton, "Kutengesa Iran: Ahmadinejad, Privatization uye Mutyairi Webhazi Akataura Kwete,โ Dissident Voice, Chikumi 28, 2009.
- Stephen Zunes,"Sei maNeocons eUS Achida Ahmadinejad Kuhwina,โ AlterNet, Chikumi 17, 2009.
- ona Ongororo yaVaObama yekushaikwa kwemutsauko pakati paMousavi naAhmadinejad; pane maonero eruzhinji, ona Terror Free Tomorrow poll yataurwa pamusoro apa.
- Joshua Mitnick, "Nei Ahmadinejad yeIran inodiwa muIsrael; Mutungamiriri achange ari pachigaro zvichave nyore kuzviparadzanisa nevamwe pane mutungamiri wezvematongerwo enyika VaMousavi, vanodaro vamwe vanotungamira mitemo yeIsrael," Christian Science Monitor, June 21, 2009.
- Reese Erlich, "Iran uye Leftist Kuvhiringidzika,โ ZNet, Chikumi 29, 2009.
- Ona ILO, "Kubvumidzwa kweZvibvumirano Zvinokosha zvekodzero dzevanhu nenyikaโ (7/1/09).
- Mushandirapamwe Wepasi Pose Wekodzero Dzevanhu muIran, "Kodzero dzeVashandi. "
- Amnesty International, "Iran: Vasungwa vehana / kutya kutambudzwa kana kubatwa zvisina kunaka,โ 10 June 2009, MDE 13/054/2009.
- Sangano reInternational Labour Organisation," ILO Dare Rinodzora reILO rinosarudza Sachigaro mutsva - Komiti yeRusununguko yeKushamwaridzana inotaura nezveMyanmar, Cambodia neIslam Republic of Iran. ,โ Press release, 19 June 2009, ILO/09/41.
- Amnesty International, "Iran: Kuurayiwa kutsva kunoratidza kudiwa kwekurambidzwa kuri pamutemo kwekutakwa nematombo,โ 15 January 2009, MDE 13/004/2009.
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