Musi waKurume 7, 1942, moto wakapisa imba yakareruka yaLucy Gonzales Parsons ane makore 89 paChicago's North Troy Street, uye yakagumisa hupenyu hwakatsaurirwa kusunungura vakadzi nevarume vanoshanda pasi rose kubva muhudzvinyiriri neudzvanyiriri hwemarudzi. Mutauri ane simba, anorwa, akazvidzidzisa paruzhinji uye munyori, akave mukadzi wekutanga wekuAmerica ane ruvara kutakura crusade yake yesocialism munyika yose nemhiri kwemakungwa. Lucy Gonzales akatanga hupenyu muTexas. Aive wekuMexico American, African American, uye Native American dzinza uye akaberekerwa muuranda. Nzira yaakasarudza mushure mekusunungurwa yakakonzera kunetsana neKu Klux Klan, kushanda nesimba, kurasikirwa kunorwadza, uye husiku huzhinji mutirongo. MuAlbert Parsons, murungu uyo Waco Spectator akarwa naKlan uye akakumbira kuenzana kwemagariro uye ezvematongerwo enyika kune veAfrica America, akawana akanaka, akazvipira mweya wake. Mauto ehukuru hwevachena muTexas akaona vaviri ava vane njodzi uye muchato wavo usiri pamutemo, uye munguva pfupi vakavadzinga mudunhu.
Lucy naAlbert vakasvika kuChicago, kwavakatanga mhuri ndokuzvikanda mumapoka maviri matsva echiuto, rimwe rekuvaka mubatanidzwa wemaindasitiri wakasimba uye rimwe rekusimudzira magariro evanhu. Lucy akanyanya kukoshesa kuronga vakadzi vanoshanda uye Albert akave murongi ane mukurumbira uye mutauri, mumwe wevatungamiriri vashoma vakakosha vemubatanidzwa muChicago aive asiri mutorwa.
Muna 1886, vaviri ava nevana vavo vaviri vakapinda muna Michigan Avenue kutungamira vanhu zviuru makumi masere vanoshanda mumusangano wekutanga weMay Day uye kuda kwezuva remaawa masere. Zororo idzva repasi rose rakazvarwa sezvo vanopfuura zviuru zana vakaforawo mune mamwe maguta eUS. Panguva iyoyo, veChicago vakapfuma vemaindasitiri nemabhanga vakanangana naAlbert nevamwe vanhu vane hunyanzvi hwekubvisa-kubvisa musoro wemubatanidzwa urikura. Musangano wekuratidzira wakadaidzwa naAlbert mazuva mashoma mushure meMay Day wazivikanwa seHaymarket Riot apo mapurisa manomwe eChicago akafa mukuputika kwebhomba. Hapana humbowo hwakambowanikwa huchinongedzera kune vakagadzira kana kuputika bhomba, asi Parsons nevatungamiriri vanomwe vemubatanidzwa wevatorwa vakasungwa. Sezvo vezvenhau vemakambani vakawedzera kufarira nyika yavo uye mutemo-ne-kurongeka, hurongwa hwemutemo hwakabiridzirwa hwakamhanyisa vasere kutongerwa mhosva uye mutongo werufu.
Lucy paakatungamira mushandirapamwe wekuhwina kutongwa kutsva, mumwe mukuru weChicago akamuti "ane ngozi kupfuura zviuru zvemhirizhonga." Apo Albert nemamwe macommuredhi matatu vakaurayiwa, uye vamwe vana vakatongerwa kugara mujeri, sangano remibatanidzwa yemaindasitiri uye zuva remaawa masere rakagurwa misoro. Lucy ari kure nekuora moyo akabva awedzera zviito zvake. Kunyange zvazvo akanga arasikirwa naAlbert—uye makore maviri gare gare akafirwa nomwanasikana wake muduku nokuda kwechirwere—Lucy akapfuuridzira hondo yake yokurwisana ne<em>capitalism nehondo, uye kusunungura “Vaurayi veHaymarket.” Akatungamirira vakadzi varombo kupinda munharaunda dzakapfuma "kunotarisana nevapfumi pamikova yavo," akapikisa vezvematongerwo enyika pamisangano yavose, vakafora pamitsetse yepikicha, uye vakaramba vachitaura nekunyora maturakiti ezvematongerwo enyika kumapoka evashandi ari kure neChicago.
Kunyange zvazvo Lucy akanga aruramisa chiito chakananga kune avo vakashandisa chisimba kune vashandi, muna 1905 akataura zano rakasiyana kwazvo. Akanga ari mumwe wevamiririri vevakadzi vaviri chete (mumwe wacho aiva Amai Jones) pakati pevarume mazana maviri pagungano rekutanga revarwi veIndustrial Workers of the World (IWW) uye mukadzi ega akataura. Kutanga akakurudzira chiyero padyo nemoyo wake paakadana vakadzi "varanda vevaranda" uye akakurudzira vamiriri veIWW kuti varwire kuenzana uye kuongorora vakadzi vanobhadharwa mari shoma yemubatanidzwa.
Mukutaura kwakarebesa, akadana kushandiswa kwekusava nemhirizhonga izvo zvingave nechirevo chakakura kumapato ekuratidzira epasi rose. Akaudza vamiriri kuti vashandi havafanirwe "kurova uye kubuda kunze uye kufa nenzara, asi kuti varamwe uye varambe varimo uye vatore midziyo inodiwa yekugadzira." Kwapera gore Mahatma Gandhi, achitaura nevamwe vake vokuIndia paJohannesburg Empire Theatre, akakurudzira kusava nechisimba kurwisa ukoloni, asi akanga achiri nemakore 25 kuti atungamirire maIndia biyake mukufora kusina chisimba kunorwisa vatongi veIndia vokuBritain. Pakupedzisira Lucy Parsons'simboti yakaenda kune vekuUS vanogara pasi-pasi vairova ma1930s, Dr. King neCivil Rights Movement yema1950 nema1960, mafambiro ekurwisa hondo akatevera, uye pakupedzisira kusvika kuArab Spring yanhasi nekufamba kweOccupy.
Lucy akanga ari munhu asinganetseki, achitungamira mitsetse yepikicha uye achitaura kune vateereri vevashandi muUnited States, uyezve pamberi pemisangano yemubatanidzwa muEngland. Muna Kukadzi 1941, varombo uye vachigara pamudyandigere wemapofu, iyo Farm Equipment Workers Union yakakumbira Lucy Parsons kuti ape hurukuro inokurudzira kuvashandi vayo, uye mwedzi mishoma gare gare akatasva semuenzi anoremekedzwa paMay Day parade inoyangarara. Magweta ehurumende nevemuno akasvika pamusha weParsons kuti aone kuti nhaka yake yafa naye. Vakabvongodza nepakati pezvakaparadzwa, vakamutorera raibhurari yake yakakura uye zvinyorwa zvake, uye havana kuzozvidzorera. Kuedza kwaLucy Parsons kusimudzira nekukurudzira vakadzvinyirirwa kutora kuraira kwakaramba kuri mupenyu pakati peavo vaimuziva, vaimunzwa, uye vaimuda. Asi vashomanana nhasi vanoziva kunzwisisa kwake, ushingi, uye kutsunga. Pasinei nepfungwa dzake dzakaorera, hunyanzvi hwekunyora uye hwekutaura, uye runako runokatyamadza, Lucy Parsons haasati awana nzvimbo mumagwaro echikoro, zvidzidzo zvemagariro evanhu, kana mafirimu eHollywood. Zvakadaro akawana nzvimbo yakatanhamara mukurwira kwenguva refu yehupenyu huri nani kune vanoshanda, vakadzi, verudzi, nyika yake, uye nyika yake.
William Loren Katz akagadzirisa chinyorwa ichi kubva mushanduro yake yakagadziridzwa uye yakawedzerwa ye VaIndia Vemafuro: Hakavanzwa Nzvimbo (Atheneum, 2012). Webhusaiti: williamlkatz.com.
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
dhoneta