Musangano weUN Climate Conference muPoznan, Poland wakatadza kubudirira pachibvumirano chemamiriro ekunze epasi rose - chiratidzo chisiri chenguva yakaipa chete, asi chehurongwa hwakakanganisika husina hanya nehutongi hwemamiriro ekunze, anodaro Oscar Reyes.
11,000 nhume (kusanganisira 1,500 makambani lobbyists), 13,000 matani ecarbon yakadyiwa, uye mavhiki maviri akaparara: Musangano weUN Climate Change muPoznan, Poland wakangofambira mberi kune chibvumirano chitsva chemamiriro ekunze epasi rose, nekuda kwekusainwa gore kubva zvino muCopenhagen. . "Zvichatoda bongozozo kuti riite mutsauko mukufambira mberi kunononoka" akaseka Henry Derwent, CEO weInternational Emissions Trading Association (IETA) pane chimwe chiitiko munzvimbo yemusangano. Kana zvinhu zvikaenderera mberi nekufamba uku, anofanira kungwarira zvaanoshuvira.
Kubva pakusunga zvibodzwa zvepasi rose kusvika kumiganho yemusika wecarbon, hapana kana nyaya huru dzakaiswa patafura
Kududzirwa kwakanyanya kwetarisiro kunogona kuiswa pa
Dzimwe nyika dzakabudirira dzakatevedzerawo.
Zvikonzero zvakadzika pane kungotora nguva zvinotsanangura kutadza pa
Chimwe chezvigumbuso chikuru chiri mukati memusangano weUN wenhaurirano pachawo - apo kurerekera kwehurumende pakati pehurumende kunokwikwidza nyika imwe kana mubatanidzwa kune imwe, mumwe nemumwe achidzivirira pfungwa ye'chido chenyika' iyo inoratidza zvido zvevakuru pamusoro pezvido zvevanhu vese. . In
Rutivi rwemari imwechete nderekuti pesvedzero yemakambani panhaurirano inokura nesimba pagore. Sangano guru risiri rehurumende pa
Nyaya haisi yekungoti ndiyani anotaurirana kana ane mukana, asi, asi yekuti nhaurirano idzi dzakarongwa sei. Panzvimbo pekuona shanduko yemamiriro ekunze senyaya inoyambuka, nhaurirano dzinoiswa mumakomisheni madiki emakomiti madiki, ayo anobva apatsanura gakava kuita soup acronym yehunyanzvi uye mitambo yemitauro yakazvimirira. Kune avo vanoda kutevedzera maitiro, nhaurirano huru dziri kuitika muAd Hoc Working Group paLong Term Cooperative Action (AWGLCA), iyo inotaura nezve "chiono chakagovaniswa" uye "chinangwa chenguva refu" - nemamwe mazwi, chii. zvinotarisirwa zvinodikanwa pakuderedza hutsi pasi rose, ndiani achasungwa neizvi, uye ndeapi magadzirirwo achaiswa kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti asvikirwa.
Kuomarara kwenhaurirano hakugone kutsanangurwa nekuvimba nehumbowo hwesainzi, nekuti kwete chete mhinduro dzakapihwa asi kunyangwe mamiriro akakurukurwa kuUN haana kukwana kuhukuru hwedambudziko remamiriro ekunze. Kunyange paine humbowo huri kukura hwesainzi hwekuti zvikamu mazana matatu nemakumi mashanu pamiriyoni yeCO350 mumhepo idanho rakachengeteka rekudzikamisa mamiriro ekunze, mamiriro ari kukurukurwa anotanga chete pa 2 ppm - uye izvi zvinowedzera kuburitsa kusatarisika kwe "mhinduro inononoka." mechanichanis' mukuedza kugadzira magirafu anogona kugayiwa nevagadziri vemitemo.
Kunyange zvakadaro, magirafu ane tariro ari kuronga nzira yekugadzirisa shanduko yemamiriro ekunze anongotisvitsa pari zvino. Nepo zvimiro zvekudzikiswa kwehutsi zvichiratidza kutsvaira kudzika macurves, iyo pateni yezvinobuda zvinoburitsa zvese zvakatarisana. The International Energy Agency's World Energy Outlook 2008, semuenzaniso, inonongedza kukuwedzera kwesimba kudiwa kwe1.6 muzana pagore paavhareji pakati pa2006 na2030 - kuwedzera kwe45 muzana. Utsi hunobva mukurima nekutakura zvinhu huri kuwedzera nekukurumidza. Aya ndiwo matambudziko ezvimiro ane chekuita nemagadzirirwo atinoita simba nechikafu pasi rose, uye izvo 'zvakavharirwa mukati' ne - pakati pezvimwe zvinhu - maitiro ekuenderera mberi kwekudyara mufossil fuel based energy infrastructure, chirongwa chechikafu chakavakirwa pakurima kwakakura kwemaindasitiri, uye muenzaniso wemusika wakasununguka unowedzera mukaha pakati pezvinogadzirwa uye zvinopedzwa. Asi pachinzvimbo chekufunga magadzirisiro ekuita madhiraivha makuru edambudziko remamiriro ekunze, iyo UN mamiriro ekunze anozvipira kuenderera mberi kwe "bhizinesi semazuva ese", kushandura dambudziko remamiriro ekunze kuita dambudziko rekutadza kwemusika iro rinotarisa kumusika kuti riite. resolution.
Chibvumirano cheKyoto, chakabvumiranwa muna 1998 sechombo chikuru chepasi rose chekugadzirisa shanduko yemamiriro ekunze, inyaya yenyaya. Pamwoyo payo pane hurongwa hwekutengesa kabhoni, chirongwa chemabhiriyoni emadhora chine chirevo chikuru ndechekuti vanosvibisa vanogona kubhadhara mumwe munhu kuti achenese tsvina yavo kuti vasaite. Chimiro ndechekuti 'ruoko rwakavanzwa' rwemusika rwunobva rwapa gwara kune zvakachipa zvinobvisa hutsi. Asi rudzi urwu rwekubudirira kwehupfumi kazhinji handicho chakanakira mamiriro ekunze. Musika wakadaro unotora kubva kunobva kuburitswa kwehutsi - kubva mumigodhi kuenda kumafekitari - kuenda kune chinotengeswa chinonzi 'carbon'. Mukuita uku, kudzikiswa kubva kumaindasitiri kunopihwa zvakaenzana nekuita sekudyara miti ('sinks', mujargon) - nhando yesainzi, iyo semhedzisiro yakaona gakava repasi rose rakarongwa mune mari zhinji. Mutengo wechigadzirwa ichi unobva waiswa nemusika pachawo, asi izvi zvinotungamirwa nefungidziro kwete zvezvakatipoteredza. Zvatakasiirwa ihutongi hwemamiriro ekunze hwakavakwa maererano nehurongwa hwakakundikana hwakakonzera kuparara kwemari munguva pfupi yapfuura.
Matambudziko ekutengesa kabhoni kazhinji anozowedzerwa neiyo chaiyo 'offset' mashandiro ari pakati peiyo UN's yakakura kabhoni musika chirongwa, iyo Yakachena Development Mechanism (CDM). Izvi zvakatanga kubhadharwa senzira yekufambisa mari inoenderera mberi munyika pasina kusunga zvinotarwa zvekuburitsa. Zvakadaro mukuita, zvave kuita zero-sum mutambo wekuverenga zvisinganzwisisike "emission reduction" mapurojekiti muSouth yepasirese sekudzikisira kuChamhembe. Neakasiyana-siyana anoshamisa ekufungidzira ma tricks, investimendi mumadhamu makuru mukati
Mukutaura kwevanhu, CDM idambudziko zvakare. Inobhadhariswa senzira yekuendesa mari kuti isimudzirwe, ichangopa basa rekudzikisa hutsi - nekufambiswa kunoenda kumakambani makuru chete, kwete nharaunda dzakakanganisika. Kungotora muenzaniso mumwechete, Dhamu reAllain Duhangan muIndia Himalayas rakatenderwa kunyoreswa kweCDM muna Chivabvu 2007, zvisinei nekuti Hofisi yeCompliance Advisor/Ombudsman yeWorld Bank yakasimbisa kuti mugadziri weprojekiti akange asina kuona kudiridzwa kwakakwana. uye mvura yekunwa yemisha yakakanganiswa. Chirongwa ichi chakambomiswa ndokubhadhariswa faindi yekutyora zviri pachena mutemo wekuchengetedza sango rekuIndia nekuda kwekutema miti zvisiri pamutemo, kuraswa kwemarara uye kugadzira migwagwa. (Kune zvimwe zviitiko, ona www.carbontradewatch.org)
Izvo zvinotisvitsa, pakupedzisira, kukukundikana kwakakosha muhutongi hwemamiriro ekunze epasi rose: kushaikwa kwekururamisira. Kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze harisi dambudziko rinokonzerwa ne'humanity' zvachose. Yakave ichisundwa nekushandiswa zvakanyanya kwezviwanikwa nechikamu chimwe chevanhu kwemakore anopfuura 250, apo nyika dzeKumusoro (uye, pane imwe nguva munhoroondo, yaimbova Soviet bloc) yakagadzira hupfumi hwadzo pahwaro hwemitengo yemagetsi yakachipa. Kutonga kwemamiriro ekunze kunoreva kuti nyika idzi dzinofanira kutakura mutoro wekugadzirisa dambudziko. Sangano reUnited Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) pacharo rinoreva "mabasa akajairwa asi akapatsanurwa', asi kunze kwekunge izvi zvikatorwa zvakanyanya saka hapangave nechibvumirano mu
Oscar Reyes muongorori ane Carbon Trade Watch (www.carbontradewatch.org), chirongwa cheTransnational Institute, uye mupepeti wezvakatipoteredza weRed Pepper magazine (www.redpepper.org.uk)
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