Hupenyu hwezvematongerwo enyika hwePalestine hunoratidzika kunge huri kugashira chimiro chakasiyana nekusaziva, chichipokana nemaitiro ezvematongerwo enyika echinyakare. Mavhiki mashoma apfuura anopupurira zvakajeka kusiyana kwezvematongerwo enyika uku.
Sezvingabvira chero shanduko yakakomba haigoneki pasina shakeup muFatah, bato guru rezvematongerwo enyika mukati mePalestine Liberation Organisation.
Mutungamiriri wePalestinian Authority, Yasser Arafat, akatanga Fatah muna 1959, uye yakazoita musimboti wekupokana nePalestine. Zvematongerwo enyika zvePalestine zvakabva zvatorwa nenzvimbo mbiri: nharaunda, uko PLO yakaedza kubuda semumiriri wega wechikonzero chePalestine; uye mukati, apo mapoka akasiyana-siyana ePalestine akakwikwidzana kuti atsanangure basa ravo mukati mePLO uye sangano rekupikisa rose.
Kutenda kuna Arafat, Fatah kazhinji aibuda pamusoro, asi asina kukuvadzwa. Boka iri raive nekusawirirana kwakakomba nenyika dzeArab. Kukakavadzana kwakamukawo pakati pemapoka ePLO, kazhinji achipesana nemashure emhosva dzehuori, kushaikwa kwekubuda pachena uye nekuda kwemaitiro aArafat ekugadzirisa kurwira: kuita sarudzo uye kutonga.
Chikamu chega chega chekurwira kwePalestine, kungave kuchikonzerwa nekutaura kwayo kana kupindura kumatambudziko edunhu nepasi rose neshanduko, zvakapesvedzera nzira dzezvematongerwo enyika dzePalestine neimwe nzira. Zvakadaro, chimiro chaive chiri kuumbwa umo Fatah yakafukidza PLO, uye zvisinei nekusimba kana kukomba kwemamiriro akapoteredza, hapana chaigona kunge chakashandura fomula iyi.
Kunyangwe kubuda kwePLO kubva kuRebhanoni - mushure mekupinda kweIsrael muna 1982 - hakuna kumbochinja chinzvimbo chepamusoro cheFatah pamusoro pepiramidhi yezvematongerwo enyika yePalestine, yakashandura zvayaikoshesa. Nevatungamiri vayo vane muzinda kuTunisia, kushorwa mune zvazvinoreva kwaifanira kuve kwenzvimbo, kwete kutumirwa kunze kwenyika. Muna 1987 maPalestine munzvimbo dzakagarwa vakatanga Intifada yavo yekutanga, ndokuzongovhiringidzwa nekusaina kusaina kwakavanzika kweOslo Accords muna 1993.
Kunyange mapoka akasiyana-siyana ePalestine akatora mabasa e1987 Intifada, nhengo dzechidiki dzeFatah dzakatakura chikamu chikuru. Vakabudirira kuvandudza rutendo mubato renguva refu rakadzingwa, uye vakamutsiridza kukosha kwaro kuhondo zvachose. Boka reTunisia rakanga risingakwanisi kupa chero mipiro inoshanda kuhondo.
Yakanga iri mukati memakore aya apo mbeu dzekusiyana mukati meFatah dzakasimwa. Zvaiita sekuti bato iri raitungamirirwa nehutungamiriri huviri hwakasiyana, zvinonyanya kukoshesa uye, chaizvoizvo, zvinangwa. Nzvimbo dzakagarwa-yakavakirwa "murindi wechidiki" aive achirerwa, mazhinji enhengo dzayo achishandira makore mumajeri eIsrael, nepo "muchengeti wekare" ainyanya kunzwisiswa nekufungirana uye kusavimbana.
Kusaina kwaFatah unilateral kusaina kweOslo kwaive chikonzero chekupokana kwakanyanya. Asi Arafat zvakare nehungwaru akakwanisa kudzivirira dambudziko, kunyangwe akatsaura mazhinji emapoka ePLO - parizvino ari muDhamasiko - uye pakupedzisira PLO zvachose.
Arafat, pamwe chete neboka guru revarindi vekare vakadzoka kubva muhupoteri muna 1994, vachigadzira mamiriro ezvematongerwo enyika matsva, ayo akanga ari kunze kwekukwanisa kwavo kutonga.
Fatah yakakurumidza kuzadzisa chinzvimbo cheiyo-hurumende: iyo Palestinian Authority. Asi PA yanga isiri PLO. Iyo yekupedzisira yakasikwa pasi pemamiriro akasiyana ezvematongerwo enyika ayo akavimbisa kuunza rusununguko uye kukunda. Iyo yekutanga yaive yakanyanya kusashanda yekuzvishandira yehurumende chimiro, yakatenderwa neIsrael uye yakapihwa mari nenyika dzakasiyana dzekuMadokero. Vanotungamira manejimendi echivakwa ichi vainyanya kuve "veTunisia," avo vaimiririra mhuri dzine simba, maelitist ane bhizinesi rakakura. Kutsemuka kwanga kuchiwedzera.
Kutyoka mukati meFatah kwakapera nguva. Zvisinei nekuedza kunonyadzisa kuzvitaura pane dzimwe nguva, hafu-kubatana kwakachengetwa: Chimwe chikonzero chaive chichiri kukosha kwaArafat senzira yaidzivirira chikepe cheFatah kuti chisanyura mumhirizhonga uye kurwisana. Imwe yaive dambudziko reHamas uye kusimuka kwayo sesimba rine simba rezvematongerwo enyika, magariro uye kuramba. Chikonzero chechitatu kwaive kubuda kwekumukira kwechipiri kwePalestine muna 2000, kwakabatsira kusimbisa kubatana mukati meFatah uye pakati pemapoka mazhinji ePalestine pamwe chete vachiramba kutorwa kweIsrael.
Kufa kusinganzwisisike kwaArafat muna Mbudzi 2004 kwakaratidza kudzoka kumhirizhonga yeFatah. Mahmoud Abbas akapona mukurwisana kwekutanga nemugadhi wechidiki paakanyengerera mutungamiri weFatah, Marwan Barghouti - parizvino ari kushanda katatu mumajeri eIsrael - kumisa hurongwa hwekukwikwidza musarudzo dzemutungamiri wenyika yePA. Mushure mekutya kaviri, Barghouti akabvuma, achisiya danho rekuti Abbas, iye zvino ari ega mumiriri weFatah, kutsvaira mavhoti eruzhinji rwePalestine.
Asi gaka rakatowedzera kukura mushure mekunge Israeri "yakasununguka" kubva kuGaza netarisiro yekubatanidza kutonga kwayo kuEast Jerusalem neWest Bank. Mhirizhonga muGaza uye mhosva dzehuori kwose kwose zvakaratidza kuti kuparara kweboka guru rePLO rakanga rava pedyo. Saizvozvo, Hamas yakaramba ichizvisimbisa pamaonero eruzhinji semuenzaniso wekuranga, kubatana uye mutoro wenyika. Boka iri rakakunda Fatah musarudzo dzemakanzuru ichangopfuura, richitora matatu pamaguta mana eWest Bank.
Hurongwa hwezvematongerwo enyika hunowedzera nekusvika kwesarudzo dzeparamende Jan. 25. Barghouti akazopedzisira aita mhirizhonga muFatah mukuru apo vatsigiri vake vakatumira rimwe runyoro rwevamiriri kuti vakwikwidze sarudzo pasi pezita rebato rakasiyana: al-Mustaqbal (The Future).
Iyi danho yakavhura mikova yezviitiko zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoshamisa uye yakapisa kutya kuti kupatsanurwa muFatah kunoreva kukunda kunogona kuitika kweHamas. Kugona kwekupedzisira kwakaita kuti Imba yeVamiriri veUS iite chisungo chekutyisidzira kurambwa kwerubatsiro rwemari kuPA kana Hamas ikabvumidzwa kutora chikamu.
European Union yazivisawo kuti kukunda kweHamas kuchanetsa kuti sangano iri rirambe richitsigira vanhu vekuPalestine nemari.
Palestine democracy yakatarisana nedambudziko rayo guru. Mhirizhonga yeFatah yakanga isingatarisirwi kuzviratidza mune inoshamisa nyaya sekurambana kwakasimba pakati pevakuru nevadiki varindi. Zvakakosha kuti bongozozo rakadai rirambe riri mubhokisi rekuvhota. Chero zvingazoguma zvaitika, vanhu vekuPalestine havafanire kutera kudzvinyiriro yekunze kana kukakavara kwemukati, nokudaro vachikanganisa ruzivo rwavo rwegutsaruzhinji.
-Ramzy Baroud, uyo anodzidzisa kutaurirana kwevanhu vakawanda pamusasa weMalaysia weAustralia Curtin University of Technology, ndiye munyori webhuku riri kuuya "Kunyora paKumukira kwePalestine: Chronology yeKurwisana kwevanhu" (Pluto Press, London). Ndiye zvakare mupepeti-mukuru wePalestineChronicle.com.
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
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