Makore emvura emvura akatenderedza zvikomo zvakasvibirira uye nharaunda dzine urombo dzinogara muCaracas, Venezuela sezvo vakuru venyika dzeLatin America neCaribbean vakabuda munhandare yendege vachipinda mumotokari nemumakamuri emahotera. Vanga vachiungana kumusangano wekutanga weCommunity of Latin America and Caribbean States (CELAC), mubatanidzwa mutsva wedunhu wakanangana nekuzvisarudzira kunze kwesimba reWashington.
Kunyanya vasipo vaive vatungamiri veUS neCanada - havana kukokwa kuti vatore chikamu. "Ndiyo mutongo werufu weMonroe Doctrine," Mutungamiri weNicaragua, Daniel Ortega, akadaro nezvekugadzirwa kweCELAC, achitaura nezvegwaro reUS rakagadzirwa muna 1823 iro rakashanda sechikonzero chekupindira kweWashington mudunhu. Chokwadi, CELAC yakagadzwa nevatungamiri vazhinji vari kutora chikamu sesangano kutsiva Sangano rinotongwa neUnited States of America States (OAS), kupa simba kubatana kweLatin America neCaribbean, uye kugadzira nzanga yakaenzana uye yakaenzana maererano nemamiriro edunhu.
Musangano weCELAC unouya panguva iyo kuvepo kweWashington mudunhu iri kuri kudzikira. Kutevera makumi emakore anotyisa eHondo Yemashoko, umo Washington yakatsigira vadzvinyiriri uye yakarwa hondo munyika dzeLatin America, nguva itsva yakazaruka; mumakore gumi apfuura mafungu evatungamiri vekuruboshwe vakatora chigaro pasocialist uye anti-imperialist mapuratifomu.
Kugadzirwa kweCELAC kwakaratidza chokwadi chitsva ichi, uye ndechimwe chezvichangobva kuitika zvine chinangwa chekubatanidza Latin America neCaribbean seimwe nzira inofambira mberi kune hutongi hweUS. Mamwe mabloko ematunhu akadai anosanganisira Union of South America Nations (UNASUR) iyo yakabudirira kugadzirisa matambudziko ezvematongerwo enyika pasina kumanikidzwa kubva kuWashington, Bank of the South, iro rine chinangwa chekupa dzimwe nzira kuInternational Monetary Fund neWorld Bank, neBolivarian. Alliance yeLatin America (ALBA), iyo yakagadzirwa seimwe nzira yeFree Trade Area yekuAmerica, chibvumirano chingave chakawedzera North America Free Trade Agreement muLatin America yose, asi yakakundikana nekuda kwekupikisa kwedunhu.
Dambudziko rehupfumi pasi rose rakanga riri mupfungwa dzevatungamiri vakawanda pamusangano weCELAC. "Zvinoita sekunge idambudziko, dambudziko rekugadzirisa capitalism," Mutungamiri weBolivia Evo Morales akadaro muhurukuro pagungano. "Ndinonzwa kuti tiri kusangana panguva yakanaka yekukakavadzana ... kubatana kukuru kwenyika dzeAmerica, pasina United States."
Nyika makumi matatu nenhatu dzinosanganisira CELAC dzinoumba vanhu vanosvika mamirioni mazana matanhatu, uye pamwe chete ndivo vari nhamba yekutanga kutengesa chikafu kunze kwenyika. Iyo yakabatanidzwa GDP yebhuroka inenge madhora mazana matanhatu emadhora, uye munguva yenhamo dzehupfumi hwenyika, nharaunda yacho ikozvino ine hurombo hwayo hwakaderera mumakore makumi maviri; mwero wekukura muna 33 waive pamusoro pe600% - kanopfuura kaviri iyo yeUS. Nhamba idzi dzinoratidza kubudirira kwezvirongwa zvemagariro evanhu uye zvirongwa zvekurwisa hurombo.
Mubvunzurudzo neTelesur, Evo Morales akati nzvimbo yakavhurwa neCELAC inopa mukana wakakura wekuwedzera kutengeserana kweLatin America neCaribbean nenzira isingaenderane nemisika ine ngozi yeUS neEurope. Nekuda kweizvi akaona chinangwa chepakati cheCELAC chiri che "kuita zvematongerwo enyika zvekubatana, nekuwedzerana panzvimbo yemakwikwi ekutengeserana kugadzirisa matambudziko emagariro..."
Nepo US iriyo inotungamira mukutengeserana nyika zhinji dzeLatin America neCaribbean, China iri kupinda munzira huru zvakare, ichiva mubatsiri mukuru wekutengeserana wemasimba ehupfumi eBrazil neChile. Kuchinja uku kwakasimbiswa nenyaya yekuti Mutungamiriri weChina, Hu Jintao, akatumira tsamba yekukorokotedza vatungamiri vanoumba CELAC. Tsamba iyi, iyo Chรกvez akaverenga zvinonzwika kune vaive pamusangano, yakakorokotedza vatungamiri venyika nekugadzira CELAC, uye vakavimbisa kuti Hu achashanda mukuwedzera hukama nesangano idzva redunhu.
Iyo US, kune iyo chikamu, haina kutumira izwi rekukorokotedza. Chokwadi, mukuru weWashington atora musangano weCELAC akarerutsa kukosha kweboka idzva uye akasimbisa kuzvipira kweUS kuOAS. Vachitaura nezveCELAC, mutauriri weDhipatimendi reHurumende reUnited States, Mark Toner, akati, "Kune [kune] masangano akawanda ematunhu muhemisphere, mamwe acho atiri. Vamwe, seizvi, isu hatidaro. Isu tinoenderera mberi, sezviri pachena, kushanda kuburikidza neOAS sesangano repamusoro renyika dzakawanda rinotaura nezvehemisphere. "
Vakuru venyika vazhinji vakaona musangano weCELAC sekutanga kwekupedzisira kweOAS mudunhu. Chinzvimbo ichi, chakabatwa zvakanyanya nevatungamiriri vanobva kuEcuador, Bolivia, Venezuela, Nicaragua neCuba, chakanyatsotsanangurwa neMutungamiriri weVenezuelan, uye muiti wemusangano weCELAC, Hugo Chรกvez. "Nekufamba kwemakore, CELAC ichasiya OAS yekare," Chรกvez akadaro pamusangano. "OAS iri kure nemweya wevanhu vedu uye kubatanidzwa muLatin America. CELAC anozvarwa ane mweya mutsva; inhandare yebudiriro yevanhu mune zveupfumi, zvematongerwo enyika uye magariro, izvo zvakasiyana chaizvo neOAS.โ Akazoudza vatori venhau kuti, "Pave ne coup d'รฉtats dzakawanda nerutsigiro rwakakwana kubva kuOAS, uye hazvizodaro neCELAC."
Nekudaro, vatungamiri vanobatanidzwa muCELAC vanosiyana zvakanyanya mune zvematongerwo enyika uye mutemo wekunze, uye pakanga paine maonero akasiyana maererano nehukama neOAS. Vamwe vakaona CELAC sechimwe chinhu chaigona kushanda padivi peOAS. Sekutaura kwakaita Chancellor weMexico Patricia Espinosa, OAS neCELAC "masimba anowirirana ekubatana uye nhaurirano."
Muedzo weCELAC uchave kuti inokunda sei misiyano yakadai uye inoita nhanho dzakasimba mukusimudzira mubatanidzwa wedunhu, kurwisa hurombo, kuchengetedza kodzero dzevanhu, kuchengetedza nharaunda nekuvaka runyararo, pakati pezvimwe zvinangwa. Zvibvumirano zvekupedzisira zvemusangano wemazuva maviri zvakabata pakuwedzera maodzanyemba kuenda kumaodzanyemba bhizinesi uye zvibvumirano zvekutengeserana, kurwisa shanduko yemamiriro ekunze uye kuvaka zvirongwa zviri nani zvemagariro munharaunda yese kuti zvigadzirise nharaunda dzakasarirwa. Pamusoro pezvo, vatori vechikamu veCELAC vakatsigira kunyoreswa zviri pamutemo kwemashizha ecoca (anoshandiswa zvakanyanya semushonga uye nezvinangwa zvetsika muAndes), akashora kupara mhosva kwevanobva kune dzimwe nyika nevanoenda kune dzimwe nyika, uye akashora US nekurambidza kwayo Cuba.
Vatungamiri vakasiyana-siyana kuCELAC vakataura nezve maitiro ekuita nyaya idzi. Mutungamiri weNicaragua, VaDaniel Ortega, vakati CELAC inofanirwa "kutarisa uye kuyera" kuedza kweUS kurwisa zvinodhaka. Chero bedzi US ichienderera mberi nekushandisa kwayo zvinodhaka, Ortega akati, "Mari yese, zvisinei nekuti yawanda sei, uye ropa rese, kunyangwe radeuka rakawanda sei" haizopedzi kutengeswa kwezvinodhaka.
Zvakadaro pane zvakawanda zvekupokana mukati mesangano reCELAC pacharo. Boka iri nderegutsaruzhinji asi rinosanganisira kutora chikamu kwaPorfirio Lobo anobva kuHonduras, mutungamiri wenyika akatsiva Manuel Zelaya musarudzo dzisina kunaka zvichitevera kupidigura hurumende muna 2009. Iyo CELAC ndeyekuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza, asi mukuru mutori wechikamu, Brazil, ari kusimudzira mhando yekurima ine njodzi yekurima soya, zvirimwa zveGMO nemishonga inouraya zvipembenene iri kuparadza nyika nekudzinga varimi vadiki. Boka iri nderekudyidzana kwakanaka kwekutengeserana nerunyararo, asi nyika dzakasiyana siyana dzakatosaina zvibvumirano zvekutengeserana neUS, uye vezvematongerwo enyika vane huori pamatunhu akakwirira ehurumende mudunhu rese vakasungwa zvakanyanya nemhirizhonga uye pundutso yekutengeserana zvinodhaka.
Aya ndiwo mamwe ematambudziko akakura akaunzwa kuLatin America neCaribbean kubatana nekufambira mberi, asi haabvise kukosha kwenhoroondo nezvematongerwo enyika. Kusikwa kweCELAC kungangoratidza kuve danho rakakosha mukudzika kwekurwira rusununguko uye kubatana mudunhu, kurwira kwakatangwa makore anoda kusvika mazana maviri apfuura uye zvakanyanya kutungamirwa nemusununguri weLatin America Simรณn Bolรญvar, ane nhaka yaigara ichikumbirwa. musangano weCELAC.
Muna 1829, gore asati afa, Bolรญvar akati, "United States inoratidzika kunge yakarongerwa neProvidence kutambudza America nenhamo muzita reRusununguko." Zvakadaro nehwaro hweCELAC pasi pemakore eCaracas, rwendo rwekuzvisarudzira ruchiri kuenderera.
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Benjamin Dangl akapinda musangano weCELAC, uye ndiye munyori we Kutamba neDynamite: Mafambiro Emagariro uye Nyika muLatin America (AK Press, 2010) uye Mutengo Wemoto: Resource Wars uye Social Movements muBolivia (AK Press, 2007). Anogadzirisa TowardFreedom.com, maonero anofambira mberi pazviitiko zvenyika, uye UpsideDownWorld.org, webhusaiti yekuratidzira uye zvematongerwo enyika muLatin America. Email Bendangl(pa)gmail(dot)com.
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