Mukupera kwegore ra2011, mutemo mutsva weTexas wakatanga kushanda kune vashandirwi vanoita mubairo wemari, kana kutadza kubhadhara vashandi zvakanyanya sezvavanokwereta. Mutemo wenyika yose unoisa mhedzisiro chaiyo, senge nguva yejeri uye faindi huru, kune vashandirwi vakawanikwa vaine mhosva yekuba mihoro yevashandi. Yakanga iri nhanho huru kumberi munyika umo kuba kwemuhoro kwave kunozivikanwa navose semabhutsu emombe namarori anotakura vanhu.
MuEl Paso, iyo inogara kumadokero-kumucheto kweTexas kumuganhu neJuarez, Mexico, uye iri pakati pemaguta ane vanhu vakawanda munyika, kuba mihoro kwawanda zvekuti vamiriri vekodzero dzevashandi vakaritumidza kuti "denda. ” Saka dzaive nhau dzakanaka apo nguva pfupi yapfuura mutemo wekubirwa kwemuhoro wehurumende watanga kushanda, magweta edunhu reEl Paso nemasheriff nemapurisa vakazivisa kuti vachatanga kuferefeta nekumhan'ara nyaya dzekuba muhoro. Asi kushandura mutemo uye zvipikirwa zvekutevedzwa kuita chokwadi chepasi-pasi chakawana zvishoma muEl Paso. Parizvino kune vashandi veguta vari panjodzi zvakanyanya, mutemo unopfuura mazwi ari pabepa.
"Chikamu chikuru chevashandi vedu vachiri kuenda mukupera kwezuva vakagumbuka nekuti havana kupihwa muripo wakaenzana nebasa ravakaita," akadaro Tom Power, mumiriri wezvehupfumi mubato. Paso del Norte Civil Rights Project. “Izvi hazvisi kuitika kuvashandi vanotambira mari shoma chete; zviri kuitika kwese kwese. Yave chikamu chetsika muno muEl Paso uye yave kubuda mukutonga. "
Simba zvakare murongi ane El Paso's Komiti yezvemitemo yevashandi, bazi rebasa rekodzero dzevanhu rakatanga mu2009 rine nhengo shomanana uye nhasi rinozvirumbidza kupfuura 200. Komiti yakava chiso chevashandi vekutonga muEl Paso, vachiongorora zvichemo zvekuba mubhadharo, kutora matanho akananga kuti adzorere mibairo yakabiwa. uye kudzidzisa vashandi kuti vave vamiriri vakamiririra nharaunda dzavo. A 2011 ripoti pamusoro pekuba mubhadharo muEl Paso iyo yakaongorora vanopfuura 250 vashandi vashoma-mubhadharo vakawana kuti 20 muzana vaigara vachibhadharwa pasi pemari shoma uye zvikamu zviviri kubva muzvitatu hazvina kuwana mari yekuwedzera. Pakati pemienzaniso yakawanda yemushumo yekushungurudzwa kwevashandi, mushandi wemumba akauya nenyaya yake kuchirongwa chekodzero dzevanhu akabhadharwa $1.60 chete paawa kwegore rose.
"Ndanga ndichinetsekana pamusoro pehuwandu hwekushungurudzwa kuri kuitika muEl Paso," Power akandiudza. "Zvinoita sezviri kuitika mumaresitorendi mazhinji, munzvimbo zhinji dzekuvaka ... ungori mufananidzo webasa rine muhoro wakaderera muEl Paso."
Vashandi vanosimuka
Chirimo chapfuura, vashandi vakauya kuKomiti Yezvemitemo yeVashandi vachinyunyuta nezvekubiwa kwemuhoro pane imwe resitorendi ine mukurumbira yeSushi iri kumabvazuva kweEl Paso inozivikanwa seSusaki Lounge. Vakauya nemacheki aimirira mavhiki akati wandei emuhoro usina kubhadharwa. Komiti yakatora nyaya iyi ndokutanga kuferefeta, ikaona kuti mushandirwi ane nhoroondo yakakura yekusabhadhara vashandi. Kuferefeta uku kwakazokonzera kuratidzira chinyararire kunze kweresitorendi, nevashandi gumi vachipinda muresitorendi iyi vachiedza kutaura nemuridzi weresitorendi. Vakadzingwa, asi chiito chakazoita kuti vabudirire: Vashandi vaviri vakadzoserwa zvizere mibairo.
Chiito chakanangana neresitorendi yesushi muenzaniso wakajairwa wekuti Komiti yeJustice yeVashandi, iyo inotungamirwa nevashandi pachavo, iri kusimudzira ruzivo pamusoro pekuba muhoro uye kuita kuti vashandirwi vazvidavirire. Maitiro anoenda seizvi: Mushandi anouya kukomiti aine chichemo chekubirwa muhoro. Dare rinobva razadza mushandi nezvekodzero dzake uye kuti komiti ingabatsira sei. Mushandi anopiwa rinenge vhiki kuti afunge nezvazvo; kana akadzoka akazvipira kukugadzirisa, komiti inovhota kuti yotora here nyaya yacho. Kana nhengo dzikavhota dzichitsigira, danho rekutanga nderekutumira tsamba yakasainwa nenhengo dzese mazana maviri dzedare kumushandirwi ichida kuti vabhadharwe mihoro yacho.
Nguva zhinji, Power akati, vashandirwi havapindure tsamba. Saka danho rinotevera ndere kufonera mushandirwi; kana izvozvo zvikasashanda, inguva yekutaurirana nemushandirwi chiso nechiso. Mushandi ari kutaurwa, pamwe chete neakadzidziswa kukurudzira (mumwe munhu auya kukomiti nechichemo pachake uye iye zvino ari mumiriri wevashandi akadzidzira), anounza mushandirwi chibvumirano chekugadzirisa chakanyorwa. Nzira yacho dzimwe nguva inoshanda, asi kazhinji haishande. (Simba rakati vashandirwi vanouya nemhando dzese dzezvikonzero zvekusabhadhara, uye vazhinji vachityisidzira kuzivisa mamiriro ekushanda emushandi.)
Kana kuedza uku kukasashanda, komiti inotendeukira kune dzimwe nzira. Nhume dzevashandi dzinoenda kumusha womushandirwi kana kuti nzvimbo yebasa ndokuronga kurinda kunooneka zvikuru, kunyange zvazvo kusina ruzha, mukutsutsumwa nezviito zvomushandirwi. Kazhinji, vashandi vashoma vanoedza kutarisana nemushandirwi panguva yekurinda uye kumuzivisa kuti varatidziri vari mukati mekodzero dzavo. Vezvenhau vanoziviswa uye vanokokwa kuti vaone. Izvi, hazvishamise, zvinoshanda zvakanyanya, Power akadaro. Mhosva zhinji dzinotungamira mukurinda dzinoguma nekubudirira kudzoreredza mihoro yemushandi.
"Kazhinji, tinenge tichitambudza munhu zvakakwana kuti chimwe chinhu chiitike ... kudzoserwa mari kana mushandirwi kubva muguta," Power akadaro.
Pari zvino, komiti iyi iri kushanda panyaya sere dzakavhurwa. Muna 2011, komiti iyi yakasangana nevashandi vanosvika makumi manomwe nevashanu vachinyunyuta nezvekubirwa kwemari dzemihoro, kunyange hazvo vazhinji vakaendeswa kumasangano ehurumende kana kumatare edzimhosva nekuti mari yakarasika yaive muzviuru zvemadhora. Kuzvipira kwemushandi muhurongwa uhu ndicho chinhu chakakosha pakuti Komiti yeJustice yeVashandi itonge nyaya here — "maitiro acho haashande kana mushandi akasaisa mari yake zvizere munyaya iyi," Power akadaro.
"Chii chiri kukanganisa hupfumi muEl Paso havasi vashandi vasina magwaro; vashandirwi vari kutora mukana wavo vachizvikodza zvikwama zvavo,” Power akadaro. “Vapfumi vanopfuma uye varombo vanova varombo zvikuru.”
Kupfuura kuba muhoro, El Paso's Labor Justice Committee iri kuwedzera kusvika kwayo pakuchengetedza nzvimbo yebasa zvakare. Iyo komiti inogara ichinzwa nezvekutyorwa kwekuchengetedzwa kwenzvimbo yebasa uye yatanga kupa yakawanda uye yakawanda OSHA dzidziso yekuchengetedza kuvashandi. Parizvino, Simba rakati kudzidziswa kwekuchengetedza kwakanangana nekudzidzisa vashandi vekuvaka, asi komiti pakupedzisira inotarisira kudzidzisa vashandirwi zvakare - "kusvika padambudziko pamidzi yaro," Power akadaro.
Dzidzo yekuchengetedzwa kwenzvimbo yebasa inoita seisina kunyorwa pasi kune vashandi muEl Paso, akadaro. Pane kushomeka kunoshamisa muhuwandu hwevashandi vanoziva nezvekodzero dzavo dzebasa, kunyanya kana zvasvika kumamiriro ekuchengetedza, akadaro, achiwedzera kuti vashandi vanogara vachibhadhara kubva muhomwe yavo yemidziyo yekuchengetedza inodhura izvo, izvo, basa revashandirwi kupa. . Kusvika iye zvino, komiti yakadzidzisa vashandi ve240 pakodzero dzavo dzekuchengetedza OSHA.
Tichitarisa nezveramangwana, Power akati komiti iyi inotarisira kuvaka muzinda wevashandi wakafanana neuri kushanda Austin uye Houston. Imwe tarisiro ndeyekugadzira imwe imba yekuhaya iyo komiti ichaunza vashandirwi vakazvipira kune mamwe maitiro epabasa uye mihoro - "zvinogona kushandura indasitiri yemazuva ese," akadaro.
"Kushungurudzwa kwatinoona kuri kuitika kune marudzi ese evashandi muEl Paso uye zviri kungobatsira kupa guta senzvimbo yebasa yakanaka," akadaro Power.
Kuti udzidze zvakawanda nezve El Paso's Labor Justice Committee, shanya http://laborjusticecommittee.com.
Kim Krisberg munyori wezvehutano akazvimirira anogara muAustin, Texas, uye anga achinyora nezvehutano hweveruzhinji kwemakore gumi apfuura.
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
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