Iwo maemail akavhunduka uye zvinyorwa zvainzwika senge prank yakakodzera yeHongu Varume. Occupy Wall Street - iyo yakaita semumwe munhu webhuku remakomiki yakawedzera kusimba mushure mekurwiswa kwega kwega nemauto akaipa, ingave pepper spray, kusungwa kwevanhu vakawanda kana kutyisidzira kwameya weNew York Michael Bloomberg kuvhara paki kuti icheneswe - yakange yaguma yapfugamiswa.
Chii chakanga chava kuda kuuraya sangano rakanyanya kubudirira reAmerican activist mumakumi emakore? Denderedzwa rengoma.
Vaimbi vengoma vaive nechido cheDionysian vaida kuti vabvumidzwe kurova mabongo avo neconga kusvika pakati pehusiku nekuti vaive ivo "kurova kwemoyo kwesangano iri.” Mukupindura, tsamba yakatenderera ine nyevero inoshamisa yokuti “OWS yapera mushure meChipiri.” Nemiyero yakaenzana yeMiddle East diplomacy uye Burning Man theatrics, munyori akatsanangura kuti mavhiki enhaurirano pakati peboka revashandi vezvigubhu rainzi Pulse, OWS General Assembly nebhodhi renharaunda yakaparara.
Vaimbi vane hutsinye havana kuziva iyo GA sedare riri pamutemo rine sarudzo dzavaifanira kuteerera. Muchokwadi, vamwe vairidza ngoma vakashandura rhetoric yeOccupy Wall Street ichizvipikisa, kudai kuti GA "yakadzvinyirira pfungwa dzevanhu" uye "vave hurumende yatiri kuedza kuratidzira." Kubvumirana pakupedzisira kwakasvikwa kubvumira maawa maviri okuridza ngoma pakati pezuva, asi munhu ari wose wandakataura naye pashure akabvumikisa kuti rimwe ramafambisirwo enzanga ane simba zvikuru eAmerica mumakore rakanga rava kuda kupedzwa, kwete neshoko raro rezvamatongerwe enyika, asi nerwiyo rwaro. chikamu.
“Iyoyo yakanga iri muedzo unokosha wokuti General Assembly yakanga ine simba pavanhu here, kana kuti yakanga yakafanana nebhokisi rezano rokuunganidza vanhu vanozvimirira,” anodaro Nathan Schneider, munyori ave achinyora Occupy Wall Street kubvira payakatanga. zhizha rapfuura.
Kutora masimba
Vairidza ngoma vaiita mafavour. Kune rinenge rose reOccupy kufamba muUnited States, General Assembly inoonekwa sedare repamutemo rekuita sarudzo. Asi kana yasvika nguva yekusimbisa chisarudzo icho vamwe vasingabvumirani nacho, chiremera chayo chinowanzova nemubvunzo. Kunenge kunetsana kwega kwega kwakaitika mumafambisirwo eOccupy munyika yose kuri pamusoro penyaya dzechiremera, kuzvidavirira, kumiririra uye kuve pamutemo.
Nyaya iyi iri musimboti weramangwana resangano iri nekuti chiremera chiri papfungwa yekuve pamutemo. Musangano risina mutungamiriri, ndiani - kana ani zvake - anosvika pakuridza pfuti, otanga zviito, anomiririra boka, uye zvichida chinonyanya kukosha, anoita kuti vanhu vazvidavirire kuburikidza nekuita kuti chiremera, kurongeka uye kurangwa kuitwe? Kufamba kwevanhu kunofanira kunge kuri kwedemocracy zvakadii?
Iyi mibvunzo yekutendeseka uye hutungamiriri ichadzoka mumavhiki akati wandei anotevera, sezvo mamiriro ekunze achidziya uye achiunza hutsva kunze kweMabasa, uye semushandirapamwe wemutungamiri wenyika unopisa umo mapato makuru maviri, nenzira dzakasiyana, achaedza kutaura nezvekutaura kwaOccupy. uye meseji. Bato reOccupy rakanetsana nemibvunzo iyi nenzira dzakasiyana mumwedzi mitanhatu yapfuura, uye zvidzidzo zvakadzidzwa panguva iyoyo zvinogona kuve kiyi yekubudirira kwesangano muna 2012.
Somuenzaniso, kuedza kweboka rinozvidana The 99% Declaration kudaidza "National General Assembly" muPhiladelphia muna Chikunguru 4 yakarambwa nevese Occupy Philly General Assembly uye Occupy Wall Street sechiitiko chakarohwa chekubatana neboka rekunze iro rinonzi raisanganisira aimbova mukuru weGoldman Sachs. Runhare rwakatambira vezvenhau kutarisa, asi fungidziro pamusoro pevarongi, chirongwa chavo chekudzokorora zvematongerwo enyika nekusarudza vamiriri veUS-chete vamiriri maererano nematunhu eCongress uye vasina kuchinjika. tirade nenhengo yeboka, akataura kuti “OWS kukundikana uye … hutsotsi,” zvakapedza pfungwa yerutsigiro rupi zvarwo.
Zvichakadaro, Adbusters, iyo yakamutsa Occupy Wall Street, yakapa "tactical briefing” mukupera kwaNdira ne #OccupyChicago uye mutsetse "Chivabvu 1 - Hunza Tende" yakasimudzwa pamusoro pemufananidzo wemapurisa ekuChicago achipomba varatidziri muna 1968. Adbusters ari kukurudzira kutorwa kweguta panguva yeNATO neG8 summit muna Chivabvu. Asi Adbusters haana kubvunza neOccupyChicago kana iyo Coalition Against NATO/G8 War & Poverty Agenda, Uye kuti zvakatsamwisa vanhu vazhinji.
Serena Himmelfarb weOccupyChicago akaudza mumwe mutori wenhau, "Ndiri kufara kuti maAdbusters anoramba achitsigira OWS, asi vakaita zvisina hanya ... Vakaita vega, vasingatarise kuti chii chiri kutorongwa pano muzhizha." Mumwe murongi akanyora, "Kana uchida kurwa [nemapurisa], unofanira kubvunza vane zita rauri kushandisa." Mukugutsurira mukurumbira weAdbusters, vatsigiri veChicago vakamedza kugunun'una kwavo nekuti vaiziva kuti kufona kwaigona kubatsira kuburitsa. kushambadza uye mapoka evanhu vaida.
Kusiyana nevanhu vari kumashure kwe99% Declaration isina kubudirira, Adbusters vakatora kubva pakadzika dziva rekutariswa nevezvenhau uye kurwira kodzero yevamiriri kuti vagadzire sosi yavo yechokwadi. Yakatenderedza Occupy Chicago General Assembly ndokuiisa munzvimbo yekubvumidza kufona kana kuita kuti zviite sekuti kufamba kwakapatsanurwa - izvo vezvenhau vangadai vakatamba.
Dambudziko rechitatu rekutenda kwaOccupy mudemokrasi nderekuti kana vanhu vasina pekugara vari chikamu chepamutemo chesangano. Pakarepo basa ripi neripi rakagadzikwa mudhorobha reAmerica kana dhorobha, raikwezva vanhu vakatorerwa pfuma munzanga vachitsvaga chikafu, pekugara, kurapwa uye nekuraira. Vazhinji vakaona, kazhinji zvisina kunaka, kuti varatidziri veOccupy vaive yakatangwa kushandiswa zvisina kufanira kwezvinodhaka, chisimba uye chirwere chepfungwa izvo zvakakanganisa misasa yakawanda. Vagari vakasimbirira, kazhinji nemazvo, kuti zvirwere zvemagariro izvi zvakagara zviripo, zvisingatarisirwi nemasangano enhau uye mablogiki ekurudyi. (Muchokwadi, sezvakataurwa naRebecca Solnit, mhosva muOakland chaizvo akaburuka 19 muzana panguva yeOccupy Oakland.)
Kunyanguvezvo, denho yavasina pokugara nokuda kwesangano racho yakanga yakakomba. Vanonzi vanhu vemumigwagwa inhengo dzakakwana dze99 percent. Hupenyu hwavo hwainetsekana ndiwo mhedzisiro yemakumi emakore emitemo yeruzhinji yakaverengerwa kubvisa hupfumi hwenyika, maguta akaonda, ghetto ghetto uye vadiki, uye kucheka mambure ekuchengetedza. Asi mumisasa yeOccupy munyika yese kupatsanurwa kwakafanana kwakabuda pakati peavo vaifunga kuti vasina pekugara, vakatiza, vafambisi vezvitima nevafambi vaive pakati pekufamba vachipesana neavo vaifunga kuti vakabvisa zviwanikwa uye kutsausa simba kubva pabasa riripo.
Mugove uyu wakatambirwa kuOccupy Los Angeles kuCity Hall, mabhuroko chete kubva zviuru zvevasina pokugara vanorara pasi manheru ega ega mumutsara mukurusa munyika. Ruth Fowler, mutori wenhau, mutori wenhau uye nhengo yeboka rekufambisa kuOccupy Los Angeles, akandiudza kuburikidza neemail kuti "Vagari veSkid row vakangwarisa mukuita mapurisa ega musasa, uye vachidzinga vatengesi vasingadzivisiki, mbavha uye vanhu vane chisimba vaienda. uko." Pamabasa manomwe eUS aakashanyira, Fowler akati "Occupy LA yanga isisina zviitiko zvekushandisa zvinodhaka nedoro kupfuura mamwe mamisasa."
Asi makakatanwa achiripo. Fowler akaona kupokana pakati pe "vane mhirizhonga vanotenda chinhu chakaipisisa chaungaite kune chero munhu kufonera mapurisa ari pavari, zvichipihwa hutsinye nehuwori hwemapurisa nenzvimbo yeindasitiri yemajeri, uye vakasununguka vangada kufonera mapurisa, kutsvaira. nyaya iri pasi pekapeti, uye tarisa pakuvandudzwa kwemitemo. "
Fowler anopawo dosi yemaonero: “Vanhu vakaputa sora muOccupy LA Big deal. MuLondon vakadhakwa uye vakarovana pakati peGA. "
"Kusiyana-siyana kwemaitiro"
Nhaurirano pamusoro pevasina pekugara ipfungwa huru yegakava ririkuenderera mberi resangano pamusoro pekuve pamutemo kwenharaunda yeUS yakafararira: Tinogona here kushandura hurongwa hwezvematongerwo enyika huripo, kana kuti hurongwa hwakaora zvekuti tinoda kuvaka nzanga itsva kubva pakutanga? Hurukuro iyi inosangana nevanoda shanduko, vakaita seavo vanotenda kuti chinangwa ndechekupidigura mutongo weDare Repamusorosoro reCitizens United, zvinoreva kushanda nehurongwa hwakagadzwa, vachipokana nevamutsiri vehondo vanoda kushandura nzanga, izvo zvinoreva kuisa zvikamu zvakashongedzwa zvakanyanya pakati penyika. kurwisana.
Jesse Kudler, ane makore 32 okukura, maneja wehunyanzvi weOccupy Philly, anopeta dambudziko iri achiti: “Vanhu vazhinji vari musangano vanofunga kuti vanoziva chaizvo chinonzi Occupy Wall Street. Rimwe boka rinofunga kuti riri pamusoro peVolcker Rule [iro rinotsvaga kumisa fungidziro yeWall Street], rimwe rinofunga kuti ndezvekugumisa Fed uye rimwe richifunga kuti ndezvekumukira kwevapanduki. Vese vane pfungwa yevaridzi pamusoro pekufamba - kuti ndezvehuzivi hwavo chaihwo kana chinzvimbo. Asi zvigaro zvinowanzopokana. "
Izvi zvinounza nyaya yechina: bato resangano rinozivikanwa seblack bloc. Nhaurirano iyi yanga ichienderera mberi kubva apo vanarchist vakapfeka zvitema vakapwanya mafafitera ezvitoro zvine chain muSeattle muna Mbudzi 1999. Ichi chaive chiratidziro chekuratidzira kukuru kwakavhara nechisimba gurukota reWorld Trade Organisation uye vakatanga bato rekurwisa kudyidzana kwepasi rose. Vatsigiri veBlack bloc vanopokana kuti kuratidzira kuri pamutemo hakuna kusimba zvekuti zviito zvisiri pamutemo senge kunetsana mumigwagwa nekuparadza pfuma zvinodikanwa asi zvichiri mukati memiganhu yekusaita mhirizhonga sezvo zvisingakuvadze mumwe munhu mupenyu. Hapana anoshamisika, zvinzvimbo zvinopokana pane dema bloc zvakanyanya nezve maonero emunhu nezve kushandura sisitimu kubva mukati kupfuura chaiwo maitiro.
Pinda Chris Hedges, uyo akakurudzira gakava rinopfungaira kuita mhirizhonga nechinyorwa chake "Iyo Cancer muOccupy.” Akatora mubatanidzwa wevatema kuita basa mushure mekuedza kwakaipa kutora nzvimbo yegungano isina kushandiswa muOakland musi waNdira 28 yakaguma nekuparadza kuduku mukati meCity Hall uye mazana mana akasungwa. Hedges inoratidzira bloc dema sechirwere chinopedza kufamba kana chikasiiwa. Nekudaro, inofanirwa kucheneswa kusvika kune yekupedzisira nhema-hoodie yakapfeka, denderedzwa-A mureza-inozunguza masked cell.
Semutori wenhau ane mukurumbira, Hedges anozviisa se ari mumiriri wesangano nekuraira kuti ndiani anofanirwa kusabatanidzwa. Akaratidza kuti vezvenhau vanga vari sei shamwari yepamoyo uye muvengi akaipisisa weOccupy. Bato harigone kugara paFacebook, Twitter neGoogle chete. Ndiyo midhiya inoshoreka yemakambani yakaita OWS nyeredzi, uye kutarisa uku kunouya nemutengo. Kunyange pasina chikonzero chekuti sangano reOccupy rigamuchire mameseji, sarudzo, nzvimbo dzekutaura, mapoka anotariswa uye mamwe maturusi ekutengesa emapoka anorema asi asina simba akasununguka, zvikamu zvese zvinofanirwa kuziva kuti avo vanoita muzita rayo vane simba rekuita. kuvadza. Pfungwa inonzwika seyakanaka muGeneral Assembly uye inotaridzika seyakarurama kubva panzvimbo yevaratidziri inogona kuratidzika kunge isina musoro, ine bongozozo uye ine chisimba kana ichirambwa kuburikidza neziso rekhamera. Ndizvo chaizvo zvakaitika muOakland pazuva rekufarisa apo kumiririra uye kuzvidavirira zvaive chikamu chehondo yemumugwagwa se tear-gas projectiles uye nhovo dzepurasitiki.
Chinyorwa cheHedges chakaburitsa mazana emhinduro, nevazhinji vachimupopotera nekuda kwekutaura kwakashata. Mumhinduro ine mufungo isingaregi kutsoropodza, Susie Cagle akaputswa Hedges, vachishuma kuti iyo yega yeblack bloc action sechikamu cheOccupy Oakland yaive panguva yeNov. 2 general strike, kwete Jan. 28 kuedza kutora chivako chisina chinhu. Cagle akacherechedzawo kuti “nerunyararo asi nechisimba kuvharika kwePort of Oakland muna Zvita 12 ... yakawana Occupy Oakland kushoropodzwa zvakanyanya pane zvakaitwa neblack bloc musi wa2 Mbudzi.
David Graeber zvakapfekedzwa pasi Hedges nekutadza kutsanangura kuti sezvo black bloc iri zano, kwete boka reanarchist, inoyambuka kuruboshwe rwekumhanya. Uyezve, Graeber akaruramisa aimbova mutori wenhau weNew York Times nekuona kuti kure nekuve mupendero unoparadza, vatsigiri veblack bloc tactics vanga vari mugokora mukuronga Occupy Wall Street kubva pakutanga.
Nathan Schneider chides Hedges zvakare nekuda kwe "chiratidzo chezvinoitika kana mumwe munhu asingabatanidzwe mubato anoremedza mibvunzo yemukati." Sehumbowo hwezvinogona kuitwa neblack bloc, Schneider anorondedzera basa raakaita mukufora kweOccupy Oakland musi waNovember 19. Munguva ye "chiito chinoshamisa," anodaro Schneider, "boka dema-rakafanana rakatungamirira zviuru zvevanhu kuburikidza ne migwagwa yeOakland. Vakaenda kupaki iyi vakakomberedzwa nechani-link fenzi yavaizotora kuti vaende kumusasa mutsva. Vakaenda paruzhowa, vakavhura, vakadungamidzana vachipinda mune rimwe bato guru mukati. Pasina maminetsi gumi vakaburutsa fenzi yese ndokuipeta zvakanaka. Bloki dema rinogona kunetsa uye rine masimba, asi zvakare rinogona kuve simba rakarangwa rinokwanisa kukunda zvine hungwaru. "
Iwo matsoropodzo anodzika kusvika kune mashoma mashoma. Imwe ndeyekuti kana zviito zveblack bloc zvikabudirira, senge November park reoccupation, pane gakava diki pamusoro pemaitiro. Zviviri, zviito zvisina mhirizhonga, senge chiteshi chengarava, kazhinji zvinomutsa kutsoropodza zvakanyanya kupfuura hwindo rakapwanyika. Uye zvitatu, dema bloc chikamu chepamutemo cheOccupy movement. Nyaya haisi iyo maitiro ega - Hedges akanyora achibvumira makore maviri apfuura emhirizhonga muGreece - ndezvekuti sangano rine nzvimbo yevatsigiri ve "kusiyana kwemaitiro."
Kuita iyo 99% kupfuura sirogani
Zvisinei, kunyange kana mubvunzo wepamutemo uchigadziriswa, unosiya nyaya dzisina kugadziriswa dzekumiririra uye kuzvidavirira. Aimbove mutema blocker anogara muPortland, Ore., Akatsanangura kuti idambudziko kana chero boka rinoronga muchivande, uye richiita zviito muzita resangano asi pasina nzira iri pachena yekuzvidavirira. Kuzvisarudzira "mapoka ehukama" anotora matanho pasi peOccupy amburera, asi kuzvidavirira kunobva pane zvisina kurongeka pasocial network, kunyengerera tsika uye kumanikidza.
Iyi haisiriyo chete yeOccupy's ikozvino kuronga modhi - yenani uye yekuipisisa - ndiwo matangiro akaita sangano. Schneider anoti chiitiko chekutanga cheOccupy Wall Street "chaisanganisira komiti yehunyanzvi inoumbwa neboka diki revanhu vanoshanda pamwe pachivande." Anotsanangura kuti chinangwa chakaziviswa chekugara kwaSept. 17 chakanga chiri Chase Manhattan Plaza pakati peWall Street, asi dare racho “raiziva kuti zvichida rakanga risiri kuzoshanda, saka kwakanga kuri kunyengera kukuru.”
"Zvino, kune mamwe masimba akawanda emagetsi mukufamba ayo ane mumvuri," Schneider anowedzera. “Unogona kuona kuti ndiani ari muboka ripi rinoshanda, asi haugaroziva kuti vari muboka ripi uye kuti ndiani ari kuburitsa pfungwa dzipi. Iko hakuna maitiro echinyakare ekuzvidavirira umo mabasa akajeka uye mumwe munhu anogona kubviswa. "
Peter Bratsis, purofesa wezvematongerwo enyika paYunivhesiti yeSalford uye munyori we "Hupenyu hwezuva nezuva uye Hurumende,” anobvunza kuti, “Unoumba sei chiremera mukati mesangano, chiremera ichocho chichashanda sei, tine mapoka anoshanda akabatana nomumwe nomumwe kana boka rimwe rakarangwa rinoziva chiremera cheGA kuita sarudzo dzakarongwa?”
Dambudziko, sekureva kwaBratsis, ndere "nzira yekuwana macro-level coordination asi kuziva kuzvimiririra kwemapoka ese akasiiwa. Ko ivo vakadzi vakanyanya kufanira vanofanira kuenda kuGA kuti vaite imwe sarudzo? Aiwa, vane zvimiro zvavo uye vanogona kuzvisarudzira voga.”
Musangano rakaita seOccupy, iro rakafanana nemhute yemuchadenga yezvimedu zvesubatomic pane inopenya yedenga, democracy haina kujeka. Democracy haisi "munhu wese anoita zvinoda munhu wese," anodaro Bratsis. Uye ndiwo moyo wenyaya. Vamwe vanoda kuridza ngoma. Vamwe vanoda kukwira kana kupfura. Vamwe vanoda kushanda mukati mehurongwa. Vamwe vanoda kurwisa nyika. Uye zviito izvi zvese zvinokanganisa kodzero dzevamwe vanhu kana maonero esangano.
Consensus - hupenyu hweGeneral Assembly inova moyo unorova webato reOccupy - ndeyekuita kuti munhu wese abvumirane. Izvi zvinorerutsa pamutemo. Achitaura nezvemuzivi Max Weber, Bratsis anoti "kuva pamutemo kunoreva kutsvaga mukana wekuti murairo utevedzwe." Mukubvumirana, zvisinei, kana munhu wose achibvumirana, hapana chikonzero chekupa murairo. Muzviitiko zvishoma apo dambudziko rinofanirwa kugadziriswa, zvinorema zvakanyanya kuburitsa murairo, izvo zvinozoregedzerwa nekukasira sekuratidzwa nevanoridza ngoma nevanoputa poto. Hurumende ine mapurisa anodzivirira mhirizhonga, majeri, matare nemauto. Bato reOccupy rine zvigunwe zvinopenya zvichidzika, uye saka rinopedzisira rava kushandisa dzimwe nzira dzemagariro uye dzepfungwa kuti vatevedzere.
Zvichida gumi nemaviri misasa inogara ichipoterera United States. Asunungurwa kubva pamutoro wekuchengetedza nzanga yemazuva ese, mazana emafambisirwo eOccupy anoshingaira achiri kufanira kunetsana nenyaya dzehuzivi hwedemocracy uye pamutemo kunyangwe vachironga zvinozotevera. Parizvino, tsime repamutemo iGeneral Assembly inoshanda nekubvumirana kwakavakirwa pa "Isu tiri 99 muzana."
Iyo 99 muzana sirogani huru, asi kunyangwe mune yakanakisa-mamiriro ezvinhu, pachave nevanokunda uye vanokundwa pese panoitwa sarudzo. Kufambira mberi kunoda nzira dzedemocracy dzekuva pamutemo uye kuzvidavirira uye kuziva kuti ndiani anomiririra sangano uye nzira yekurimiririra. Asi izvo zvinogona kuve nyore kutaura pane kuzviita, sekuratidzwa kwenhoroondo yakakamurwa yeAmerican kuruboshwe.
Zvingave nyore kuti ma radicals nevashanduri vaparadzane, izvo zviri kutoitika kubva kuPhiladelphia kuenda kuSouthern California. Chikamu chakanyanya kuoma chiri kuita iyo 99 muzana kupfuura sirogani uye kugadzira hurongwa hutsva hwesimba redemokrasi umo munhu wese anoiswa mari. Izvi zvinozoona kana iyo Occupy kufamba kuri kupenya mupani kana mambakwedza enguva itsva.
Arun Gupta, munyori weNew York uye mubatsiri weOccupy the Wall Street Journal, anovhara iyo Occupy kufamba kweSalon.
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
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