Shanduko inowanzoitika zvishoma nezvishoma, kunyangwe kana vanhu vese vakakomba vafunga kuti pane dambudziko. Imhaka yekuti, munyika yakakura seUnited States, maonero eruzhinji anofamba mumhepo inononoka. Sezvo shanduko netsanangudzo ichida kukwira pamusoro pezvido zvine simba zvakasimbiswa, zvinogona kutora makumi emakore kuti mafungu aya abvise nheyo dzenhare dzedu dzakakosha.
Somuenzaniso, tora โdambudziko rezvikoro zvedu.โ Usazvidya mwoyo pamusoro pekuti paive nedambudziko here, kana kuti kuita kuti mudzidzi wese apire makore ake echikoro kuzadza bvunzo dzakamisikidzwa kunochigadzirisa. Chimbofunga nezvazvo yekufamba kwenguva. Muna 1983, pashure pemakore akawanda ekuchenesa pahuro, Komisheni yeCarnegie yakabudisa โA Nation At Risk,โ ichiomerera kuti โkuwanda kwokusava nehanyaโ kwakatyisidzira zvikoro zvedu. Nheyo huru dzenyika uye vanhu vakapfuma vakazvimutsa zvishoma nezvishoma kuita chiito, uye kwemakumi matatu emakore takambomira tichishandisa zvakatevedzana zvekugadzirisa nekugadzirisa. Takava neRace to the Top, neTeach for America, nemachata, nemavhocha, uyeโฆ tichiri pakati peโkugadzirisaโ dzidzo, zvizvarwa zvakawanda zvevadzidzi gare gare.
Kunyangwe kutarisana nematambudziko asingarambike - toti, kusarura vanhu ngochani - munhu anogona kuita nyaya yekuti shanduko zvishoma nezvishoma ndiyo yave sarudzo yakanaka. Dai rimwe dare repamusoro soro reSupreme Court rakazivisa, muna 1990, kuti kuroorana kwengochani kwatova mutemo wenyika, kurwisana kungadai kwakakurumidza uye kwakakomba. Chokwadi pane gakava rinofanirwa kuitwa rekuti kufambisa nyika nenyika (kutangira munimbler, matunhu madiki seVermont) kwakazoita kuti mufaro uwedzere kusimba sezvo tsika yakashanduka uye zvizvarwa zvitsva zvakakura.
Izvo hazvireve kuti pakanga pasina mamirioni avanhu vakatambura semhedzisiro. Pakanga paine. Asi nzanga dzedu dzakavakwa kuti dzifambe zvishoma nezvishoma. Masangano evanhu anowanzoita zviri nani kana aine makore kana kuti makumi emakore ekugadzirisa zvishoma nezvishoma nzira, apo nguva inogadzirisa kusawirirana kwevanhu.
Uye ndiko kwagara kuri kunetsa nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze - dambudziko guru ratakambosangana naro. Hakusi kurwisana, sekuchinja dzidzo kana kubvisa pamuviri kana kuroorana kwengochani, pakati pemapoka anopokana ane maonero anopikisana. Hazvaigona kunge zvakasiyana zvakanyanya padanho rinokosha.
Tiri kutaura nezvehondo pakati pevanhu nefizikisi. Uye fizikisi haina hanya zvachose nematimetables evanhu. Fizikisi yaisaita hanya zvishoma kana chiito chakasimba chichikwidza mitengo yegasi, kana kukanganisa indasitiri yemarasha munzvimbo dzinotenderera. Inogona kuita hanya zvishoma kana kuisa mutengo pacarbon kunoderedza kukurumidza kwebudiriro muChina, kana kuita kuti bhizimusi rekurima riite shoma.
Fizikisi hainzwisisi kuti kukurumidza kuita kwekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze kunotyisidzira bhizimisi rine mari yakawanda paNyika, iyo fossil fuel industry. Hazvigoneki. Zvinotora kabhoni dhaikisaidhi yatinogadzira uye yoishandura mukupisa, zvinoreva kuita aizi inonyunguduka nemakungwa ari kusimuka uye kuunganidza madutu. Uye kusiyana nemamwe matambudziko, zvishoma zvaunoita, zvakanyanya kuipa. Usaita chinhu uye iwe munguva pfupi unova nehope dzinotyisa pamaoko ako.
Tinogona kumisikidza shanduko yehutano makore gumi, uye mutengo ungave wakashata - kutambudzika kwese kusina kupindurwa pamusoro pemakore gumi iwayo. Asi pataidzokera kwairi, dambudziko raizoda kuenzana. Nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, kunze kwekunge taita zvakanaka munguva pfupi iri kutevera hurongwa hwenguva yakatarwa nefizikisi, hapana chikonzero chakawanda chekuita zvachose.
Kunze kwekunge iwe uchinzwisisa misiyano iyi haunzwisise shanduko yemamiriro ekunze - uye hazvisi pachena kuti Mutungamiri Obama vanozvinzwisisa.
Ndosaka hutungamiriri hwavo dzimwe nguva huchimboomerwa kana vakasawana mbiri yavanofunga kuti inofanirwa kugadzirisa nyaya iyi mutemu yake yekutanga pachigaro. Chiyero chavanonongedzera kazhinji kazhinji ndicho wedzera muavhareji mamaira emotokari, izvo zvinozotanga kushanda zvishoma nezvishoma mumakore gumi anotevera.
Ndirwo rudzi rweshanduko zvishoma nezvishoma iyo vanhu - uye vezvematongerwo enyika - vakaita. Isu taifanira kunge takaitora kare (uye tingadai takaita, kunze kwekunge yapikisa simba reDetroit nemibatanidzwa yayo, uye saka maRepublicans nemaDemocrats akazvichengeta kure). Asi hechino chinhu chinotyisa: hachisisiri chiyero chinofadza fizikisi. Mushure mezvose, fizikisi haisi kutamba kana kutaurirana. Tichiri kukurukura kana shanduko yemamiriro ekunze yaive nyaya inotenderwa kuunza muchirongwa chekupedzisira chemutungamiri wenyika, zvaive kunyungudika muArctic. Kana tichida kudzikamisa pasi, tinofanirwa kunge tichicheka kuburitsa pasi rose panguva kunzwa mwero, nechimwe chinhu chakaita se5% pagore kuita mutsauko chaiwo.
Haisi mhosva yaObama kuti hazvisi kuitika. Haagoni kuzvimanikidza kuti zviitike. Funga nezvenguva apo purezidhendi mukuru wezana ramakore rapfuura, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, akatarisana nemuvengi asingachinjiki, Adolf Hitler (analogi yepedyo yefizikisi yatichawana, pakuti aipenga solipsistic, kunyangwe zvake ari iyewo. zvakaipa). Kunyange mauto eGermany paakatanga kufamba muEurope, zvisinei, FDR haina kukwanisa kuunganidza America kubva pamubhedha uye kurwa.
Pakanga pane kunyange vakaenzana nevarambi vemamiriro okunze panguva iyoyo, vachifara kuita kuti nyaya yokuti Hitler haana kutyisidzira America. Chokwadi, mamwe acho aive masangano mamwe chete. The US Chamber of Commerce, semuenzaniso, nezwi zvinopesana Lend-Lease.
Saka Roosevelt akaita zvese zvaaigona nesimba rake, zvino apo Pearl Harbor paakamupa nguva yake, akasunda nesimba sezvaaigona. Zvakaoma, munyaya iyi, zvaireva, semuenzaniso, kuudza makambani emotokari kuti vakanga vabuda mubhizimisi remotokari kwenguva yakati uye panzvimbo pacho mubhizimisi rematangi neanorwira ndege.
Kuna Obama, vakatarisana neCongress kutengwa neindasitiri yemafuta ezvicherwa, maitiro echokwadi angave ekuita zvese zvaaigona nechiremera chake - mitsva yeEnvironmental Protection Agency (EPA) mitemo, semuenzaniso; uye zvechokwadi, anofanira kuramba kupa mvumo yekuvaka kwe Keystone XL tara jecha pombi, chimwe chinhu chisingadi mvumo kubva kuna John Boehner kana vamwe veCongress.
Kusvika pari zvino, zvakadaro, anga aine hafu-moyo zvakanyanya kana zvasvika pamatanho akadaro. The White House, semuenzaniso, overruled iyo EPA pane yayo yakakurudzirwa yakasimba ozone uye smog mirau muna 2011, uye gore rapfuura akasvinudzwa up muArctic yekuchera mafuta, uku kutengesa nzvimbo huru dzeWyoming's Powder River Basin pamitengo yepasi-pasi kune vanochera marasha. Dhipatimendi rake reHurumende rakakurudzira nhaurirano dzepasirese dzekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze. (Zvakaoma kurangarira kukundikana kwepamusoro-soro kwezvematongerwo enyika kupfuura musangano weCopenhagen.) Uye zvino Washington inorira nerunyerekupe kuti ichabvumira. Keystone pipeline, iyo yaizounza madhiramu 900,000 XNUMX pazuva emafuta asina kuchena zvakanyanya paPasi. Zvinenge kusvika pakudonha, ndiyo mari yake mitsva yemotokari mileage mitemo yaizochengetedza.
Dai anga akarevesa, Obama angadai ari kuita zvinopfuura zviri pachena uye zviri nyore. Anenge achitsvagawo nguva iyoyo yePearl Harbor. Mwari anoziva kuti aive nemukana wake muna 2012: the hottest gore munhoroondo yekondinendi yeUnited States, kusanaya kwemvura kwakadzama kweake hwose, uye kunyunguduka kweArctic kwakaipisisa zvekuti mukuru wezvemamiriro ekunze wehurumende yehurumende Wapikisa iyo "planetary emergency."
Muchokwadi, haana kana kumboita seanoona zviitiko izvi, achikurudzira kechipiri senge kubva mumhepo inofefetedza mhepo, kunyangwe vanhu vaive mumhomho vaimukwazisa. kuneta muzhinji kubva pakupisa. Mumushandirapamwe wese 2012, akaramba achizivisa rudo rwake kune "zvese-zve-pamusoro-pamusoro" simba. urongwa, uko sezviri pachena oiri nemagasi chaiwo zvakanga zvakanaka chaizvo sezuva nemhepo.
Pakupera kwemushandirapamwe, apo Dutu guru Sandy rakaita sekunge raunza kuvhurwa kwezvematongerwo enyika, ndipo paakatofunga nezvekuritora - vanhu vake vachizivisa vatori venhau kumashure kuti shanduko yemamiriro ekunze yave imwe yevatatu vake vepamusoro. priorities (kana pamwe, post-Newtown, yepamusoro ina) kwetemu yechipiri. Ndiwo matangiro, ndinofunga, asi inzira refu kubva pakuudza makambani emotokari kuti vagadzirise zviri nani kuti vatange kuburitsa maturbine emhepo.
Uye zvakadaro, iye akazvitora zvakare pamukana wekutanga. Pamusangano wavo wevatori venhau wapashure pesarudzo, akazivisa kuti kuchinja kwemamiriro okunze kwakanga kuri โchaiko,โ nokudaro achiratidzira chibvumirano chake naPresident George HW Bush, taurai, muna 1988. Mukuremekedza โzvizvarwa zvichauya,โ akabvumawo kuti tinofanira โkuita zvakawanda. .โ Asi kugadzirisa shanduko yemamiriro ekunze, akawedzera, zvinosanganisira "sarudzo dzakaoma dzezvematongerwo enyika." Hongu, zvakanyanya kuoma, zvinoita, nekuti heino mitsetse yake yakakosha:
"Ini ndinofunga vanhu vekuAmerica izvozvi vanga vakatarisa zvakanyanya, uye vacharamba vakatarisa hupfumi hwedu nemabasa nekukura, zvekuti kana meseji iri neimwe nzira isu tichafuratira mabasa nekukura kungogadzirisa shanduko yemamiriro ekunze, handina. unofunga kuti pane munhu achaenda nazvo. Ini handiende nazvo.
Zvinoita sokunge Hondo Yenyika II Mutungamiriri weBritain Winston Churchill akanga azivisa, kuti: โHandina chandingagovera kunze kweropa, kushanda zvakaoma, misodzi, uye dikita. Uye Mwari vanoziva kuti sarudzo dzakaipa, saka ingokanganwa nezvazvo. "
Mutungamiri anofanirwa kumanikidzwa kuita zvese zvaanogona - nezvimwe. Ndiko kusaka zviuru zvedu zvichadaro pasi paWashington DC pakupera kwevhiki reMutungamiriri weZuva, mune ichave kuratidzira kukuru kwezvakatipoteredza mumakore. Asi pane imwe mukana watinofanira kufunga nezvawo: kuti pamwe haasati asvika pabasa iri, uye kuti tichafanirwa kumuitira, nepese patinogona napo.
Kana akasatora indasitiri yemafuta emafuta, isu tichadaro. Ndosaka pamakampasi e192 munyika yese kushingaira divestment kufamba vave kuita nepavanogona napo kuratidza chokwadi chekuti indasitiri yemafuta ezvicherwa inotyisidzira ramangwana ravo.
Kana akasashandisa chinzvimbo chedu sesimba guru kufambisa nhaurirano dzepasi rose dzekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze kubva mutsika yavo, tichaedza. Ndosaka vechidiki vanobva kunyika zana nemakumi mapfumbamwe vari kuungana muIstanbul muna Chikumi mukuyedza kunyadzisa UN kuita chiito. Kana akasateerera kune vesainzi - senge makumi maviri epamusoro ezvemamiriro ekunze avo Akaudzwa iye kuti pombi yeKeystone yaive chikanganiso - saka masayendisiti epamusoro ari kuwedzera kujeka kuti vachazoda kuwana akasungwa kuti vataure pfungwa dzavo.
Avo vedu vari mukukura kwemamiriro ekunze emamiriro ekunze vari kuenda nekukurumidza uye nekuoma sezvatinoziva (asi kwete, ndinotya, nekukurumidza sezvinodiwa nefizikisi). Pamwe kana tikamhanya zvakaringana kunyangwe uyu mutungamiri ane moyo murefu anozobatwa negwara. Asi isu hatina kumumirira. Hatikwanisi.
Bill McKibben ndiSchumann Distinguished Scholar paMiddlebury College, muvambi wechirongwa chepasi rose chemamiriro ekunze 350.org, mumwe TomDispatch nguva dzose, uye munyori, munguva pfupi yapfuura, we Earth: Kuita Hupenyu paNyika Itsva Yakaoma.
Chinyorwa ichi chakatanga kuoneka TomDispatch.com, weblog yeNational Institute, inopa kuyerera kwakadzikama kwemamwe masosi, nhau, uye maonero kubva kuna Tom Engelhardt, mupepeti wenguva refu mukutsikisa, co-muvambi we iyo American Empire ProjectMuvambi Mugumo Wekukunda Muitiro, serinovhero, Mazuva Ekupedzisira Ekudhinda. Bhuku rake razvino nderekuti Iyo American Way of War: Hondo dzaBush dzakava sei dzaObama (Haymarket Books)]
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