Kuedza kwemasangano echiHindu ediasporic muUnited States kupindira mukudzokorora zvikamu zveIndia, nhoroondo yeIndia, uye chiHindu mumabhuku egiredhi rechitanhatu muzvikoro zveCalifornia State zvinokanganisa. Musi waZvita 6, 2, Komisheni yeCurriculum, bato rinopanga mazano kuCalifornia State Board of Education yakagamuchira 2005 yedzokorodzo 131 dzakarongwa neHindu Education Foundation (HEF) neVedic Foundation (VF), mapoka maviri ane hukama neHindutva, murwi wechiHindu. ideology. Rondedzero dzakapihwa nemapoka aya dzakagamuchirwa mukati mekubvunzurudza kwakanyanya uye nekunyepedzera kuti maonero avo anomiririra aya e'ALL HINDUS' mudiaspora. Izvi zvinopa uchapupu hwesimba uye zviwanikwa zveurudzi hwechiHindu hurefu, uye kugona kwayo kuronga muUnited States.
Shanduko dzakarongwa neHEF, VF, uye Ad Hoc Committee, zvichibva pakurudziro yakaitwa naProfessor Shiva Bajpai, uyo zvakare akabatana neWorld Association for Vedic Studies, sangano reHindu renyika, rinotaura nhoroondo yenyika uye ngano yeIndia. se 'social fact'. Kusiyana nedzidzo inoremekedzwa, dzokororo dzinoramba kutama kwevaAryan, kwakabatana nevanyori venhoroondo nekubuda kwechiHindu, kubva kuCentral Asia kuenda kuIndia. Ongororo idzi dzinoisa chiHindu sechezvakaberekerwa kuIndia uye dzinoverengerwa nekwakabva, zvichipa mbeveve nhoroondo dzeadivasis (madzinza, vanhu vekutanga) uye kukundwa kwavo nemaHindu. Papeji 238, Dare reAd Hoc rakakurudzira, uye Komisheni yeCuriculum yakabvuma, kuti zvinyorwa zvazvino, 'The Aryans created a caste systemรขโฌยฆ', zvitsiviwa ne: 'Munguva dzeVedic, vanhu vakakamurwa kuita mapoka akasiyana emagariro (varnas). ) kwakavakirwa pakukwanisa kwavo kuita basa rakati.โ Nhau yakadaro inoparadzanisa gadziriro yemapoka nechiHindu, uye inoderedza nokuderedza chimiro chinodzvinyirira nezvematongerwe enyika izvo gadziriro yemapoka yakaumbwa nayo. Inopa iyo caste system segadziriro yemvura, kwete kudziviswa nemadzitateguru. Papeji 245, Dare reAd Hoc rakakurudzira, Komisheni yeCurriculum yakabvuma, kuti chinyorwa chiripo, โVarume vaive nekodzero dzakawanda kupfuura vakadziโ, chitsiviwa nechiti: โVarume vaive nemabasa akasiyana (dharma) pamwe nekodzero pane vakadzi. Vakadzi vazhinji vakanga vari pakati pavachenjeri avo Vedas yakaziviswa kwavari.โ Kusaenzana kwekodzero dzavakadzi kunotenderwa uye kunotaurwa seโkodzero dzakasianaโ, kusaoneka basa riri pasi ravakadzi munzanga yamadzibaba, uye Vedas inoratidzirwa sedzidziso โdzakaziviswa. Ongororo idzi dzinoratidza huipi hwaHindutva uye rusaruro, uye vanotaura kusatarisisa kwesimba iro rinoruramisa hutongi hwechiHindu uye tsika dzerudzi. Nhoroondo yavo inoita kuti chiHindu chifanane, chive munhu mumwe chete, uye monolithic, vachiramba kubviswa kwevakadzi, dalits, adivasis, uye zvidiki zvechitendero pasi pemazana emakore ehutongi hweHindu mune yanhasi India, uye nekudaro kurwira kwavo kururamisira uye kuzvitonga. Tiri kutumira vana shoko rei?
Zvinzvimbo zvakatorwa neHEF neVF ndezvemaune, uye zvinoenderana nekuedza kwemapoka eHindutva kunyorazve nhoroondo muIndia, uko mishandirapamwe yedzidziso yemasekete yakaitwa nemapoka echiHindu anonyanyisa kuita dhimoni kuburikidza nedzidziso yezvidzidzo zvepasiroseti. Bapiro rekurudyi rechiHindu rakatanga network yekudzidzisa vanhu vekumaruwa uye vakanyimwa kodzero muIndia, vachivakira padanho rinosimbisa kukosha kwe "Hindu worldview" uye kuunganidzwa kwenyika yechiHindu. Ushati hwakadaro hwedzidzo hunonyandura mwoto wezvamatongerwe enyika nenzanga, kukudziridza tsika yokuvenga vasiri vaHindu nevaya vanoramba kuzviisa pasi poudzvinyiriri hwaHindutva. Masangano echiHindu emarudzi, akadai saRashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), akatungamira bato iri muIndia, nekubudirira kupinda muhurongwa hwedzidzo uye nepakati pekutonga makomisheni. RSS yakagadzira amburera yesangano yakave nemhedzisiro yakaipa padzidzo padanho renzvimbo. Yakagadzirwa neRSS muna 1977, iyo Vidya Bharati Akhil Bharatiya Shiksha Sansthan network inotarisa pahunhu, hwekunze uye dzidzo yemuviri ye'pfungwa, muviri, uye mweya'. Iyo Vidya Bharati system inotungamira zvikoro zvinopfuura zviuru gumi nezvisere muIndia, nedzidzo yakagovaniswa munyika yose. Iyo RSS yakagadzira network yezvikoro, zvakaita seVanvasi Kalyan Parishads, Vivekananda Kendras, Sewa Bharatis, Ekal Vidyalayas, kusimudzira hurongwa hwepfungwa hwechiHindu. Kune adivasis (inonzi zvinoshoreka nevechiHindu verudzi se 'vanavasis' kana 'vagari vemusango') uye dalits (aimbova 'asingabatike' castes), chokwadi chiripo ichi chechiHindu chinomanikidza kubatanidzwa kwavo kwekumanikidza muBrahmanical Hinduism. VechiHindu verudzi vakashandisa nhandare dzedzidzo senzira dzekuunganidza nekuunganidza vakadzi, adivasis, uye dalits mukurwisa zvitendero zvidiki. Kutora chikamu kwevakadzi vechiHindu, adivasi, uye nharaunda dzedalit mukupondwa kwevaMuslim muGujarat muna 18,000 kunopa muenzaniso uyu.
Kutevera Bharatiya Janata Party's (BJP) kutora masimba panzvimbo muna 1998, vadzidzisi vechiHindu vemunyika vakapinzwa muNational Council for Education and Research Training (NCERT), iyo National Curriculum Development and Wongororo Boka, kuti vaite shanduko kuzvikoro. Nekukundwa kweBJP pakati muna 2004, maitiro ekudzosera shanduko idzi akaiswa. United States Department of State, mumishumo yaro yeInternational Religious Freedom ya2002, 2003, uye 2004, yakataura kuti kuedza kuita dzidzo yechiHindu kwakaisa mungozi rusununguko rworudzidziso muIndia. Ikozvino zvinoita sekunge zano rimwe chete iri riri kuzviisa muCalifornia.
Hindu nationalist curricula haifanire kuita se "yakajairwa dzidzo" muCalifornia. California State Board of Education inofanirwa kuziva kuti VF neHEF nevatsigiri vavo vanobatana zvakanyanya nemasangano echiHindu. Iyo HEF, varongi vayo uye vanachipangamazano, semuenzaniso, vanosanganisira nhengo dzeHindu Swayamsevak Sangh (HSS, mumiriri weUS weRSS) uye Vishwa Hindu Parishad yeAmerica (VHP-A), rimwe rakakosha sangano reHindutva. Hindu American Foundation yakatyisidzira dare reCalifornia Board of Education maererano nekuchinja kwebhuku. Mutungamiri wayo, Dr. Mihir Meghani, anga ari nhengo yeHSS neVHP-A.
VechiHindu vemunyika muUS vanga vachinangana naMapurofesa Michael Witzel (Harvard University), James Heitzman (UC, Davis), naStanley Wolpert (UCLA). Nyanzvi idzi dzakaongorora magadzirirwo aitaurwa nevechiHindu verudzi uye vakapa zano shanduko ine mutoro yakavakirwa panhoroondo dzechokwadi. VaGaurang Desai veHSS vakafananidza Purofesa Witzel naHitler mukutaura neCurriculum Commission. Uku kushoropodza kunokatyamadza kwakapihwa Hindutva anozviti anoyemura Hitler neBato reNazi, saMadhav Sadashiv Golwalkar, muongorori wepfungwa dzeRSS, akataurwa muna 1938, mu "Isu kana Nyika Yedu Inotsanangurwa": รขโฌหGermany yakashamisa pasi rose nekuchenesa nyika. vemarudzi echiSemite - vaJudha. Kudada kwenyika kwepamusoro-soro kwaratidzwa pano.รขโฌโข Akaenderera mberi achiti: รขโฌหVanhu vasiri maHindu muHindustan [nyika yokumusha yechiHindu] .... vanogona kugara munyika vari pasi penyika yechiHindu vasingarevi chinhu, vasingakodzeri kupihwa ruremekedzo, kushoma kubatwa zvakanaka, kana kodzero dzemugari wemugari'โ Mushure mekudomwa seMutungamiriri weGujarat muna Gumiguru 2001, VaNarendra Modi vakabatanidza dzidziso dzeHindutva. mukutonga kwake kweGujarat. Maererano nechinyorwa cheTimes of India, chine musoro unoti, โMuModiโs Gujarat, Hitler igamba remabhukuโ, zvinyorwa zvegiredhi regumi: โzvinopa mufananidzo unotyisa usingatsoropodzi weFascism neNazi. Kudada kwakasimba kwenyika kwakaunzwa nezviitiko izvi, kushanda nesimba muhutungamiriri nehutungamiriri uye zvimwe "zvakabudirira" zvakatsanangurwa, asi kuparadzwa kwemaJuda uye hutsinye hwakanangana nevashandi vemubatanidzwa, vashandi vanobva kune dzimwe nyika, uye chero chikamu chevanhu vasina kukwana. Mussolini kana tsananguro yaHitler yokuti mugari ane kodzero haiwani kutaurwa.'
Tsamba yeruvengo yakanangidzirwa kuna Purofesa Witzel yakamupomera kuti 'ane rusarura'. Uyu muenzaniso unozvidzwa wekuchera, uye, muzita renheyo yepamusoro yetsika, inoita kuseka kukomba kwerusaruraganda. Nyanzvi dzinoremekedzwa uye dzinozivikanwa dzakaita saProfessor Witzel nevamwe vakashanda padare rekuongorora vanofanirwa kutongwa nekukodzera kwehunyanzvi hwavo. Pane kudaro, vatsigiri venyika yechiHindu, vakadai saVaDesai naDr. Yvette Rosser, avo vanotaura zvisina kujeka nezvaProfessor Witzel sa 'purofesa anobva kuHarvard University' (India-West), vachigadzira zvirevo zvinonyadzisa uye zvinosvibisa zita revanhu, pane kufambidzana navo. kuvimbika nyaya dzinomutswa nevaya vanodzipikisa.
Nyaya dzerusaruraganda uye ethnocentrism idzo dzinosangana nevagari vemuUnited States inyaya dzinonetsa uye dzinotikurudzira kutsvaga shanduko padzidzo, tichitarisira kuti zvidzidzo zvine ruremekedzo zvichafambisira mberi nzanga ine tsika dzakasiyana. Mukuronga shanduko yezvidzidzo, isu tinofanira zvakadaro kuita mutsauko pakati pekuzvikudza kwenyika kunoda kuisa mberi yunifomu uye inobwinya yenhoroondo uye kudzidza kwenhoroondo, iyo inoda kuratidza kuoma mukati. Fiction senhoroondo haibatsiri veIndia-America uye vamwe vekuCalifornia vanoenda kuchikoro, avo kubatanidzwa nevekare kunofanirwa kufambisa mubvunzo wakadzama wekuti zvinhu zvakamira sei, chii chinoumba ruzivo, kuti ruzivo runokwikwidza sei, kuitira kuti kudzidza nhoroondo inozivisa basa reugari.
(Munyori mubatsiri purofesa weSocial and Cultural Anthropology paCalifornia Institute of Integral Studies muSan Francisco, California.)
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
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