Hapana Anokuda uye Iwe Haukodzeri Kuvepo ndiyo 2022 debut chimiro cheakazvimirira British filmmaker Brett Gregory. Kunyangwe ichiitirwa bhajeti risingaite pakati pedenda repasi rose iyi yemazuva ano, yeManchester-set uye semi-autobiographical bhaisikopo, kupera kwemakore akati wandei 'kushanda nesimba pachikamu chaGregory, yaenderera mberi nekuhwina mibairo makumi mashanu yepasi rose. uye kudomwa munyika dzinopfuura makumi maviri dzakasiyana, kusanganisira yakanyanya kunaka, dhairekitori akanaka, mutambi wepamusoro, bhaisikopo repamusoro uye rwiyo rwepamusoro. Izvo zvaita saizvozvo hazvisi zvishoma zvinoshamisa.
Kugadzirwa kwemafirimu kwaBrett Gregory panguva uye kwakakosha hakuna kukwanisa kuwana mari kubva kune vanoisa mari kana rutsigiro kubva kune vechinyakare vanogovera. Nekudaro, vezvenhau vane mapapiro makuru ekurudyi muUK havana kumboedza kutaura nezvefirimu raGregory, kuriongorora kana kurisimudzira, zvisinei nekubudirira kwaro uye kuwanikwa kwaro paAmazon Prime kuUK nekuUS. Mukutarisana nokusakendenga kwakadaro, unogona kukakavara izvozvo Hapana Anokuda uye Iwe Haukodzeri Kuvepo inganzwa sezita rakakodzera, uko kwete nekuda kwekuti firimu rinoramba richiwana vateereri uye kurumbidza. iri kuwedzera kusimba iko zvino muAmerica ne Jacobin kunyanya kurumbidza chigadzirwa se 'firimu rakanakisisa pamusoro pekushanda-boka reBritain mumakore.' Ko iyo US ichateerera yambiro yakakosha iri mufirimu raGregory?
Hapana Anokuda uye Iwe Haukodzeri Kuvepo ifirimu pamusoro pekudzikira kweboka revashandi kunze kwekuputsika 'Red Wall' yeNorth of England panguva yeCovid 19 dambudziko. Uine izvozvo mupfungwa uye, uchipihwa nguva iyo iyo firimu yakaitwa, iwe unotarisira kunzwa B izwi - Brexit. Asi Gregory mugadziri wemafirimu ane chekuita nezvematongerwo enyika ane njere kuti azive kuti kuora kwainge kwapinda mumakirasi ekumaindasitiri ekuMaodzanyemba kare vasati vazviitira mukana wekuvenga vamwe vakaita saFarage naJohnson vatanga kukanganisa zviitiko. Kuronga hupenyu hwake pafirimu kuburikidza naJack, protagonist avatar - inoratidzwa pamatanho matatu akasiyana ehupenyu hwake: akasurukirwa, ari kuchema murume wepakati-kati muzuva ranhasi (David Howell), mudzidzi wechidiki, ane mapiritsi muna 1992 (James. Ward), uye mukomana asati akura muna 1984 (Reuben Clarke) - Gregory anoongorora kuparara kwakaitika kuUK mumakore makumi mana ekupedzisira. Brexit ingori padivi-show, mhedziso yechisikigo kune chaiye ane mhosva - neoliberalism.
Kuti tinzwisise kwabva njodzi iyo UK yave ikozvino hatifanire kutendeukira kune Margaret Thatcher's landslide Conservative kukunda muna 1979 (kunyangwe iyo iri nguva yakakosha hongu), asi panzvimbo pekuSwitzerland muna 1947. Mhiri kweLake Geneva kune musha. yeMont Pèlerin uye 1906 yakavakwa, Belle Époque style Hotel Du Parc, kugadzika kwenheyo yeinodanwa yainzi Mont Pèlerin Society, sangano repasi rose rinokurudzira rusununguko rwekutaura, marongero ehupfumi hwemusika wakasununguka uye kuendesa simba rekushanda kubva kumasangano ehurumende kuenda private makondirakiti. Pakati pevakatanga nzanga vaive tweedy, purofesa weViennese Freidrich Hayek naMilton Friedman akaberekerwa kuBrooklyn uye vaive ivo, pamwe nenyanzvi dzezvehupfumi dzakaungana, vadzidzi nevatungamiriri vebhizinesi, vakateya hwaro hwegwara idzva repasi rose mushure meWWII. (Kunyangwe Hayek pachake akafanotaura kuti pfungwa dzavo dzaizotora chizvarwa dzisati dzabudirira.)
“Panzvimbo huru yePasi mamiriro ezvinhu anokosha echiremera chomunhu norusununguko zvakatonyangarika. Mune dzimwe ivo vari pasi pengozi nguva dzose kubva pakuvandudzwa kwemaitiro ezvino emitemo. Nzvimbo yemunhu uye yeboka rekuzvidira inoderedzwa zvishoma nezvishoma nekuwedzera kwesimba risingaite. Kunyangwe iyo yakakosha pfuma yeWestern Man, rusununguko rwekufunga uye kutaura, inotyisidzirwa nekupararira kwezvitendwa izvo, zvichireva rombo rekushivirira kana vari munzvimbo yevashoma, vanotsvaga chete kumisa chinzvimbo chesimba chavanogona kudzvinyirira. uye kudzima maonero ese kunze kwavo” - Chirevo chezvinangwa, Mont Pèlerin, Kubvumbi 8, 1947.
Maonero emari akaiswa neMont Pèlerin Society aipesana zvakanyanya nechibvumirano chakafanana chekuti hupfumi - uye nekudaro, nzanga - yakafambiswa kusvika panguva iyoyo. John Maynard Keynes akanga afa gore risati rasvika musangano waHayek pamahombekombe eLake Geneva. MuBritish akaberekwa ari mutsigiri wekodzero dzevakadzi, Keynes akange auya kuzotungamira shanduko mukufunga kwehupfumi mushure meKuderera Kukuru uye akange atsvaga kudzora capitalism kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti nzanga yakafararira inoonekwa seyakawanda sekuita purofiti. Kudzora uku kwemasimba emusika kwakagamuchirwa zvakanyanya nebudiriro yekuMadokero kusvika kuma1970 apo nguva yekusagadzikana yakatanga kurova. Panguva iyi, gakava raHayek rekuda musika usina kusungirirwa une 'ruoko rusingaoneki' rwaizotungamira nyika dzekuMadokero kubva mudambudziko rehupfumi rinoita kunge risinga peri uye zvinotungamira kune 'kudonha' kuita kuti vanhu vese vabatsirwe, vakaita kuti hurumende dzepasirese dzigare dzichitora. chiziviso.
KuChile, General Auguste Pinochet achangobva kugadzwa akaperekedza zano raFriedman - murume akamborondedzera socialism sechinhu chisina musoro - uye akashandisa masimba ehutsinye, ane ropa rehudzvanyiriri kubvisa nyika kubva kuinflation-inorema mari yemahara yakatangwa neakafanopondwa. Salvador Allende akasarudzwa nedemocracy socialist wezvematongerwo enyika. MuUS, mutungamiri weramangwana Ronald Reagan, murume akatenda mutongo unotyisa pasirese wekuti "Ndiri kubva kuhurumende uye ndiri pano kuzobatsira", akatanga kufarira hupfumi hwaHayek nekuda kwechipangamazano wake, uye. mumwe wevatsigiri vekutanga vaHayek, Barry Goldwater. Tichiri kuUK bato reConservative raMargaret Thatcher, richiri kunanzva maronda avo kubva mukukundwa kwavakaitwa nevacheri vemigodhi muna 1974, rakaona kukwezva kukuru mugakava rakatsanangurwa naHayek mubhuku rake ra1960, Bumbiro yeRusununguko, kureva kuti mutemo, hurongwa hwehurumende uye basa remubatanidzwa wevashandi zvakange zvichipesana nehurongwa hwehupfumi hunoshanda. Kwangopera gore mushure mekukundwa kwesarudzo kwaTed Heath, Thatcher akakoka Hayek kumusangano wepachivande paInstitute of Economic Affairs muLondon. Waive musangano wakatungamira Hayek kuti ataure nezve amangwana Mutungamiriri weConservative "Akanaka kwazvo" uye akaita kuti Thatcher abate kopi yake. Bumbiro reRusununguko kumusoro mumumvuri wemisangano yekhabhineti, vachitinhira "Izvi ndizvo zvatinotenda".
Kutevera kukunda kwake kukuru muna 1979, Milton Friedman akadaidzwa kuti ashande sechipangamazano wezvehupfumi waThatcher, basa raakaita mukati memakore ake gumi nerimwe, ukuwo Patrick Minford, purofesa wezvehupfumi mudiki paLiverpool University akagadzwa sechipangamazano kuhomwe. Mukati memakore ekuma1980, Friedman akarumbidza kunaka kwevanoita mari 'kukatyamadzwa' kuTories uye nyika yakatarisana nekukatyamadzwa uye kutya sezvo maindasitiri ehurumende akatengeswa, kushaikwa kwemabasa kwakakwira kusvika pamusoro pemamirioni matatu uye mubereko wakaderedzwa. kuitira kuderedza kuwanda kwemari mukutenderera. Zvichakadaro Minford, akapokana nekupindira kwenyika uye kufarira munhu, achitaura mu 'Liverpool modhi' yake, kuti guta rakamupa basa - iro guta riri padyo neM6 kubva kuGregory's Manchester - raive chimiro che 'chirwere cheBritish' chakawandisa. pesvedzero yemubatanidzwa nezvinangwa zvesocialist. Muna 1984 Thatcher akaisa pfungwa dzake paNational Union of Mineworkers, mubatanidzwa mukuru uye une simba muUK. Achigadzira hurongwa hwekuvharwa kwakawanda kwemakomba, akaadzikisira mukati memwedzi gumi nembiri yechiitiko cheindasitiri sekutsiva kukundwa kwavo kunonyadzisa makore gumi apfuura. Neoliberalism yakazvarwa.
Muna 1981, apo mhirizhonga yakatsvaira Britain, vazhinji vakadudza kuti pfarivari yakabatidza fuse yakanga iri kusava netariro kwaikura uye kushayiwa rusununguko uko pwere dzakanzwa somuuyo wokusaenzana nokushayikwa kwamabasa uko kwakatangwa neoliberalism. Secretary for Employment Norman Tebbit (murume aifunga kuti kutsoropodzwa kupi nokupi kwehurumende kwakanga kuri rudzi rwakati rwezano reMarxist) akabvisa izvi zvinonetsa zviri pamutemo nehurukuro yakashata zvino iyo yairondedzera kuti, muma1930, baba vake vakanga vasingashandi “havana kuita bope. . Akakwira bhasikoro rake ndokutsvaka basa, uye akaramba achitsvaka kusvikira ariwana”. Mukutanga flashback ye Hapana Anokuda uye Iwe Haukodzeri Kuvepo tinosangana nemwana iteration yaJack (akaridzwa naReuben Clarke, tarenda rechidiki uyo chiso chake chinofamba kubva kucherubic kusava nemhosva kusvika kune kutuka kunonyadzisa nekusanzwisisa kusinganzwisisike kunoyeuchidza kuchinja kwekuumbwa kwegore) kufamba mujinga mePennines mumumvuri we. iyo Stoodley Pike monument, 121 tsoka erection iyo inodada uye nekuzvimba shongwe pamusoro peiyo yaimbove mutsauko wekuchinja kwemaindasitiri, ichibaya mudenga mukurangarira Hondo yeCrimea.
Asi zvino zvave muna 1984, uye imwe hondo iri kuitika kuUK, iyo inopikisa hurumende yaThatcher ichipikisana nechikamu chevashandi chaanodaidza kuti 'muvengi mukati' - vashandi vemumigodhi vari kuramwa mabasa vachipesana netarisiro yekuvharwa kwegomba rakakura uye. urovha hwaizotevera. Mune mudiki Jack's monologue tinodzidza kuti baba vake vekurera vanotuka, aimbove paratrooper, akateerera mazwi aTebbit ndokukwira bhasikoro rake kunotsvaga basa mumakomba, achibvisa mhuri yake kubva kumaodzanyemba kweEngland kuenda kuchamhembe. Iri danho rave risingatarisirwe nenguva, sezvo vashandi vemumigodhi vachitora danho ravo rekuyedza kuchengetedza makomba akatemerwa kuvhara. Pasina mukana wekuriritira mhuri yake, tinodzidza kuti baba vekurera vanoitwa munhu asina simba ane kushushikana kunoburitswa pana Jack, mukadzi wake achitanga kutora vadikani. Avhiringika uye ashatirwa, Jack kazhinji anosiiwa asina nzira kunze kwokuenda kumakomo kuti atize.
Imwe nzira yekutiza yakavhurika kuna Jack inyika yemabhuku. Anotaura kuti achangobva kutenga Orwell's Animal Farm nemadhenari gumi; “Izvozvo zvakachipa kupfuura pepanhau” iye anozivisa kudaro, anenge achishamiswa. Chokwadi, iwo mutengo weiyo huru tabloid yenyika, iyo Rupert Murdoch yaive nayo Zuva pepanhau, yaingova 16p muna 1984. Zvinogona kuratidza kuti tsika dzakachipa dzinoonekwa sei muThatcher's Britain, asi ichokwadi kuti maraibhurari evoruzhinji akange achiri chinhu kare ikako. Nhasi, vangangosvika mazana masere vakavharwa muUK kubvira maTories akatanga kutonga muna 800 - sezvineiwo Gregory uye/kana Jack hapana mubvunzo kuti vachaziva Chetham's Library iyo ichiri kumira pachiteshi chechitima cheManchester Victoria. Yakavambwa muna 2010 naLancashire wool magnate Humphrey Chetham uyo akapa £ 1653 kuti agadzire raibhurari muzita rake. Ndizvo zvakanga zvakaita zvinhu kare ikako; wakaita zvishoma, wakadzosera zvishoma. Iye zvino iwe unoita zvishoma uye unova nechokwadi chekuti inopinda munzvimbo dzemutero dzekunze. Kare mukutanga '1,000s ex-raibhurari stock yaizove nyore kuwana pakati pekare-ruoko mapepa emusika musika wairumbidza yakanakisa yakachipa bhuku musika zvachose. Asi chinozove chisungo chekuti, kana vatarisana nesarudzo, veruzhinji vanobhadhara mari yekuwedzera kune manyepo akatenderwa nehurumende anotaurwa nezvavo nemabhirioni media barons.
Kutevedzana uku kunotipawo maonero edu ekutanga ekuti Jack akasiyana. Akatove akacherechedzwa nevaaishanda navo kuchikoro uye kudare remakurukota seakasiyana kune anonzi 'posh' wekumaodzanyemba twang anowanikwa mumatauriro ake, asi anozvisiyanisa zvakanyanya nekuve nechido chisingagutsikane uye nyota yedzidzo. Vekuchamhembe vanoshanda vane pfungwa yakadzika midzi yekuoma, iri muDNA inotambanudzira nzira yese kudzokera kukuchinja kwemaindasitiri apo basa raive rakaoma uye vashandi vaifanira kuoma. Nyota yaJack yedzidzo inosvika pakubudirira mukudzoka kwechipiri uko kunomuona semudzidzi wepayunivhesiti anotora zvinodhaka, anotambwa, aine hunhu hwechiso chako, naJames Ward. Kunyangwe zvave zvino 1992 isu tinoda kuenda zvishoma kumashure munguva kuti tinzwisise mamiriro.
Kubvumirana kwepashure pehondo ishoko rinotsanangurwa nekutenda mumashure eWWII kuti nzanga inoda kuvandudzwa kuti ibatsire vese. Mutemo weDzidzo we1944 wakanyatsoona kukosha kwedzidzo mukusimudza mararamiro uye kukurudzira kufamba kwevanhu. Vachifunga izvozvo vakaita kuti vana vaenderere mberi muchikoro chesekondari, vachiraira kuti vapinde kusvika pazera remakore gumi namashanu (uyezve gumi nematanhatu). Sekutaura kwakaita mumiriri weVashandi muparamende, Ellen Wilkinson, paakatora chinzvimbo chake semunyori wezvedzidzo muhurumende yapashure pehondo yevashandi, VaClement Attlee, chinangwa chavo chaive "chokuona pasina mukomana kana musikana ari kurambidzwa kutora kosi yedzidzo yaanenge ari. vanokwanisa…uye kubvisa kubva mudzidzo misiyano yemapoka iri kuramba demokrasi”. Uye Wilkinson aibva kupi? Chorlton. Zvishoma mamaira mana kubva kuManchester. Anenge makore makumi maviri gare gare mutemo weEducation Act wa1962 wakapasiswa, zvichipa vakuru vedzidzo venzvimbo mvumo yekupa vadzidzi vanopinda makosi enguva yakazara yedhigirii nerubatsiro rwekuchengetedza. Ikoku kwakareva nenzira inobudirira kuti dzidzo yokuyunivhesiti yakanga iri pachena sezvo pasina muripo waimbodikanwa. Izvi zvakakonzera kuwedzera kukuru kwenhamba yevadzidzi vaipinda kuyunivhesiti, vazhinji vavo vangadai vasina kukwanisa kuwana dzidzo yepamusoro chiitiko ichi chisati chaitwa.
Mutemo uyu wakaitira dzidzo yepamusoro zvakaitwa negwaro raWilkinson kudzidzo yesekondari, nechizvarwa chevechidiki vakaona kuti dzidzo yekuyunivhesiti ikodzero inowanikwa kune wese. Zvakadaro, mutemo uyu wakabviswa nehurumende yeNew Labor muna 1998 ichifarira mari dzechikoro. Iyi sisitimu inoreva kuti vadzidzi vanofanirwa kubhadhara kune yavo dzidzo, nemitengo inotangira pa £ 1,000 pagore, ivo parizvino vakaiswa pa £9,250 pagore muEngland. Vadzidzi nevakapedza kudzidza vanotarisirwa kubhadhara mari dzemubereko pazvikwereti zvemudzidzi, nemhindu ichiwedzerwa kuchikwereti kubva kana mubhadharo wekutanga waitwa. Mbereko idzi dziri kuramba dzichikwira mumakore achangopfuura uye, muna 2017, shamwari yeLabour Lord Adonis, aimbove gurukota rezvedzidzo yeBlairite ane basa rekuunza mari idzi, akaudza. The Guardian bepanhau rekuti akanga agadzira “chikara cheFrankenstein” chichiisa vadzidzi muchikwereti chinosvika pa£50,000. Saizvozvo, muna 2019, bato riri pasi paJeremy Corbyn rakaratidza kuti nhamba dzehurumende dzakaratidza kuti vadzidzi vanogona kutarisirwa kuva ne- £ 8.6bn mubereko chete pazvikwereti zvavo mukati memakore mashanu.
Asi Jack zvakare ane chikwereti muna 1992. Kunyangwe Thatcher ari kunze uye John Major arimo, mitemo yake yeusununguko yakaramba iripo. Kuti achengetedze chero mhando yehupenyu pamari yake shoma, Jack anoenda kunonyorera kadhi rechikwereti iro raanopihwa pachena nebhangi. Anoratidzika kunge anoshamisika kuratidza kuti paakagamuchira kadhi "akaridza zvakanaka mumavhiki matatu". Iwo '80s mafungiro ekurarama zvakanaka kunyangwe iwe waisanyatso kwanisa kuita zvakakonzera 'Kuramba uchienderana neveJones' maitiro ehupfumi ayo, kana asanganiswa nepfungwa yaJack yekubvunza uye nguva yemahara pamaoko ake pakati pehurukuro, zvinotungamira kune. izvo zvinopesana netsika dzehupenyu hweyunivhesiti, kureva zvinodhaka nedoro.
Sezvatinoona mukutevedzana kwa2020, kunyangwe achida kushandisa huchenjeri hwake hwekuzvarwa uye kutamba nemitemo uye 'kuzvivandudza' nekuwana dhigirii rekuyunivhesiti, hupenyu hwaJack hauna kumbovandudza. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti hupenyu hwaakazvisikira Jack hwakavakirwa panheyo dzisina simba dzenharaunda yedu neoliberalist. Sezvo hutsika hwehupfumi hwakaiswa pamusoro kupfuura chero humwe hunokosha hwekufamba kwevanhu hunogona kushanda nenzira mbiri uye Jack wezera repakati (anonyadzisa David Howell) anova nyajambwa weneoliberalism. Nekuda kwekuparara kwebhangi muna 2008 uye matanho eTory austerity akakurumidza kutangwa, Jack anorasikirwa nebasa rake semudzidzisi, kukwikwidza kwake kwakakurumbira nevadzidzi uye (kunyanya) chiso chake, chisingaenderane nevakuru vake kana aimbove Munyori Wedzidzo. Michael Gove's cost-effective (a euphemism for cutbacks) maonero mashoma edzidzo. Zvekare, neveTories vari musimba, tiri kupupurira kuderedzwa kwehunyanzvi netsika - izvi zvakasvika padanho rayo apo muna 2020 hurumende yaBoris Johnson yakatanga (uye nekukasira) kushambadzira kunoshungurudza uye kutuka kwakavakirwa pakudzidziswazve na 'Fatima the. ballerina' ane "basa rinotevera rinogona kunge riri mucyber (haasati azviziva)". Akanyura muhurombo uye pamutsetse wedole, hutano hwepfungwa hwaJack hunotambura uye hunhu hwake hwekupindwa muropa hunomuka sechipikiri chekupedzisira mubhokisi imba yake yakarohwa nesando - denda reCovid 19 uye kufirwa kunoparadza.
Vateereri vanogona kushamisika kuti sei Jack asingatsvage rubatsiro kutiza madhimoni ake - kunyangwe zvakakodzera kuti titaure kuti akashanyira GP pane imwe nguva sezvo pakiti yeCitalopram inoonekwa mufurati rake padivi pebhodhoro rinogara riripo rekuzvirapa. /kuzviparadza vodka. Iye zvakare, tinoudzwa, anosvika kune vaSamariya (iyo yerudo yakavambwa muna 1953 ine chinangwa chekupa tsigiro yemanzwiro kune chero munhu ari mukutambudzika kwepfungwa kana panjodzi yekuzviuraya) kungoona kuti anozvipira kune rumwe rutivi rwefoni akadhakwa. sezvaari. Asi chinosuwisa ndechekuti hutano hwepfungwa - uye kunyanya hutano hwepfungwa hwevarume - hunoramba huri chiseko chenyika dzekuMadokero, zvine nharo nekuti kubvuma kuti uri kunetsekana nekusawirirana neoliberal capitalist chimiro chekushanda nesimba, kuwana mari. Izvi zvinopindawo mune alpha-murume hang-ups yakabatana nevashandi vekirasi varume, mushure mezvose 'vakomana vakuru havachemi' uye ivo vanotarisirwa nekusingaperi kuti 'murume kumusoro'. Utano hwepfungwa hwavarume inhau inokosha kuChamhembe kweEngland, uko urovha hwakakwirira kupfuura kuMaodzanyemba.
Semuyenzaniso, ndinogara muSt Helens, guta riri mamaira makumi maviri nemanomwe kubva kuManchester iro raimbozivikanwa nekuchera marasha nekugadzira magirazi. Apo mitemo yehurumende yeThatcher payakabvisa maindasitiri muguta nekuvhara makomba, magirazi akatengeswa kune vanoisa mari kunze kwenyika uye dhorobha rakarohwa nekuwedzera kwekushaya mabasa. Kwete kune varume ava mambure ekuchengetedza echirongwa chekudzidzirazve senge iye anonzi akamirira 'Fatima the ballerina'. Chakanyanya kuvanakira ibasa rakaderera kana kuti makore ekubatsirwa. Mari yavo yakadzikira, makirabhu emagariro aimboshanda senzvimbo yenharaunda akange asisakwanise kugara akavhurika, uye moyo wemataundi akadaro wakabviswa zvine hutsinye. Vasisina pfungwa yechinangwa kana kuzivikanwa, varume ava vakatanga kutambura mupfungwa uye, pasina mari yaiitwa mumataundi aimbove nezvibereko, nhaka yevana vavo yakanga iri mumutsara wemadhole padivi pavo. Nhamba dzakaburitswa muna 2018 neHofisi yeNational Statistics dzakasimbisa kuti taundi rekumusha kwangu raive nehuwandu hwepamusoro hwekuzviuraya muEngland neWales zvichienderana nekuzviuraya pahuwandu hwe100,000. Guta rekuzviuraya reUK rinenge rine imba yaro kuchamhembe kweEngland. Atadza kukumbira rubatsiro rwaanoda, Jack anopedzisira kuonekwa achikwira akananga kuStoodley Pike, achikweva sutukesi sedimikira remukwende wake wepfungwa. Hapana Anokuda uye Iwe Haukodzeri Kuvepo anotenda kuti kutsvaga hupenyu huri nani, hune chinangwa idambudziko reSisyphean Jack akatongerwa, kufanana nevarume nevakadzi vazhinji vanoshanda.
Mhedzisiro yeThatcherism ichiri kunzwikwa zvakanyanya nanhasi uye icharamba ichidaro kwenguva yakareba sezvo neoliberalist mutemo unoramba uri kiyi inotsanangura hupfumi - izvo zvavanoita, kwete chete kune maConservatives musimba asiwo nekusashanda kwaSir Keir Starmer, capitalist. - kukwezva 'kupikisa'. Zvinondishamisa pachangu kuti dzidziso yakangoitwa kwenguva yakareba apo munyori uyu anga ari mupenyu (anenge makore makumi mana nemana) inotsigirwa nevezvematongerwo enyika, vezvenhau, bhizinesi uye nekuvambwa-vanotenderwa vadzidzi senge mutemo wechisikigo kana dzidziso. Hupenyu hweBritain hunodzokera kuMagna Carta. Neoliberalism haisi chimwe chinhu kunze kwekuedza, uye imwe yakaratidzwa kuti yakaramba ichikundikana mumakumi emakore. Kunyangwe mumakore ekutanga ayo e-neoliberalism yakanga isiri pfuti muruoko vazhinji vevatsigiri vayo vangati; Kukura kwehupfumi hwaThatcher mune inodaidzwa kuti '80s' boom 'yakaramba iri pa2.4%, iyo chaiyo nhamba yayakange yadzika kusvika mu'70s kuderera kusiririsa kweKeynesian economics. Mumakore maviri chete chirongwa che Thatcher deflation chakaparadza indasitiri yekugadzira yeBritish, chishamiso chekubudirira chichiri kutadza kuitika nhasi.
Kuti tiise mhosva dzayo mumamiriro akakodzera ngatifungei chokwadi chekuti, mumakore ekupedzisira ehupfumi hweKeynesian kuUK, nyika yaive nechikwereti chenyika che £80bn uye midziyo yayo - chekufambisa, tsamba, mafuta, mvura, gasi, magetsi, NHS - vaive vehurumende. Ikozvino nyika haina midziyo: iyo NHS, semuenzaniso, iri kuramba ichinyanya kuchengetedzwa pamwe chete nemitsetse yeUS style inishuwarenzi-yakavakirwa hutano hwehutano modhi (uye zvisizvo panguva iyo inodaidzira hutano hwehutano huri kukura muAmerica) uye nyika. chikwereti parizvino chinomira pa2.5 trillion. Neoliberalism yakundikana. Hazvishande. Ichi ndicho chiitiko chekuparara kwepedyo ne-internecine, iyi salting yenhandare dzehondo, izvo Hapana Anokuda uye Iwe Haukodzeri Kuvepo inoratidzwa ichipikisa; Mamiriro enharaunda akadzikira uye akacheneswa nekudzikira kweindasitiri uye kusaremekedzwa kwehunyanzvi netsika nemagariro akanaka pahupenyu hwevashandi.
Mutungamiri Brett Gregory anoziva kuti neoliberalism haisi nheyo yehupfumi inobatsira vose, uye haina kumbove yakarongerwa kuva. Neoliberalism ndiyo gap rekupedzisira rekunonoka-nguva capitalism, kupambwa kwemahara-kwese-zvese kwezviwanikwa zvinova nechokwadi chekuti mabhiriyoni emapaundi anogara achipihwa kune vakapfuma uye vane rombo rakanaka munzanga nepo vanonyanya kushomeka uye vasina njodzi tsoka yebhiri. Munguva yedenda reCovid iro firimu raGregory rinoratidza vazhinji vevakuru vezvematongerwo enyika veku UK kumativi ese eImba vakanzwika vachiti dambudziko iri rinofanira kubatwa semhando ye 'mweya we'45' mushure mehondo nzira yekufambira mberi kubva panzira. zvinhu zvanga zvamboitwa panguva iyi. Makore matatu zvichienda mberi uye manyepo emazwi akadaro anonyatso kuoneka kune vese. Hurumende yaRishi Sunak iri munzira yekusagadzikana 2.O uku Keir Starmer's Labor bato iri kutaura Covid sechikonzero chekudonhedza chimiro cheCorbynite anti-austerity uye zvipikirwa zvakabatana izvo Starmer akasarudzwa nekuti "zvinhu zvachinja".
Neoliberalism iri kuuraya boka revashandi nekuti boka rekushanda harigone kubudirira, harigone kutsigirwa, uye harichagone kuvapo muhurongwa uhu.
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
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