Nhoroondo yevapikisi veVenezuelan yakarongeka yekuzivisa zvisizvo uye kubatsira kwesocial media kwairi.
VeVenezuela vanopikisa vanga vachishandisa nehunyanzvi Twitter neFacebook kuparadzira mapikicha anotyisa uye hufakazi hwekufungidzirwa kwemhirizhonga yehurumende uye kushungurudza varatidziri mumavhiki mashoma apfuura. Dambudziko nezvirevo izvi uye mifananidzo yaenda nehutachiona pasi rose, uye kunyange kushandiswa nevezvenhau, nderekuti manyepo; mapikicha akawanda ehutachiona anonzi anobva kuVenezuela akanyatso kuratidza mifananidzo kubva kunzvimbo dzakaita seSyria, Chile, Brazil - uye kunyange US-based porn saiti.
"Chekutanga, ruzivo rusina chokwadi ruchadzokororwa kupfuura chero kururamiswa kunotevera," akanyora Craig Silverman, mutori wenhau uye muvambi weblog Regret the Error, yePoynter Institute in. a post mu 2010. Kunzwisisa kwaSilverman kunoratidza njodzi, kazhinji inofuratirwa, pamusoro pekushandiswa kwe Twitter uye social media sechinyorwa chenhau, zvakare. semudziyo kuitira kusunungurwa uye kumukirana.
Nekudaro, mashandisirwo ari kuitwa social media, kana vamwe vangati kushungurudzwa, muVenezuela haisi mhedzisiro ye "maapuro akaipa" mashoma kana vamwe vadzidzi vane misikanzwa vanotora chikamu mukuratidzira kwekupikisa. Muchokwadi, iyi propaganda nzira iri kushandiswa nevanhu vepamusoro vanopikisa, nepo kudzidzisa anti-chavista veVenezuelans kushandisa social media chave chirongwa cheWashington kwenguva yakati ikozvino.
Sekureva kwemutori wenhau weCaracas uye gweta Eva Golinger, iyo US yakashandiswa "inoda kusvika mamiriyoni gumi nemashanu emadhora gore negore ne15 ... yakananga kumapoka evechidiki nevadzidzi [muVenezuela], kusanganisira kudzidziswa mukushandiswa kwesocial network kukurudzira zvematongerwo enyika. Vatungamiriri vevadzidzi vakatumirwa kuUS kumashopu uye makonferensi nezveInternet activism uye media network. Vakaumbwa mumaitiro ekusimudzira shanduko yehurumende kuburikidza nemhirizhonga yemumigwagwa uye kushandisa nzira dzenhau kuratidza hurumende seinodzvinyirira. "
Kugamuchirwa kwe social media sechishandiso kufambisira mberi zvinangwa zvemitemo yekunze yeUS, kusanganisira shanduko yehutongi, hazvina kupera nehutongi hwaPresident George W. Bush. Chaizvoizvo, aimbove Secretary of State Hillary Clinton akaivandudza sechishandiso chakabatana chakanyorwa "21st Century Statecraft.โ I akanyora pamusoro peizvi uye kuti Venezuela nedzimwe nyika dzeALBA dzaive dzakanangwa neiyi nyowani tekinoroji imperialism kumashure muna 2012.
Muchinyorwa ndakaona kuti Judith McHale, aimbova munyori wePublic Diplomacy uye Public Affairs kuDhipatimendi reHurumende, akapa sei kujekeswa nezvekuti Washington yakaronga sei kushandisa matekinoroji matsva muforamu yakaitwa naJohn Hopkins University munaKurume 2011.
"Nhepfenyuro itsva uye matekinoroji ekubatanidza anowedzera kugona kwedu kuteereraโฆ Midhiya yenhau inopa nzira nyowani dzekuti nzeve dzedu dzinzwe pasi," Akadaro McHale. โChokwadi, isu hatisi kufarira kugadzira masocial network nekuda kwekuva nawo. Isu tinofarira kushandisa social media kusimudzira zvinangwa zvedu muAmerica. " Mwedzi mishoma gare gare pa Chikumi 2011 Kunzwa kweSeneti Mutevedzeri weMunyori weNyika weWestern Hemisphere Affairs Roberta Jacobson akati Dhipatimendi reHurumende "rine zvirongwa zvinotsigira kudzidziswa kwenhau muBolivia, Nicaragua, Venezuela, uye Ecuador; zvirongwa izvi zvinogadzirisa kushandiswa uye kukanganisa kwesocial mediaโฆ. "
Matauriro aMcHale uye kubvuma kwaJacobson kunoratidzika kunge kwakakosha pari zvino tichitarisa kushandiswa kwemashandisirwo enhau muVenezuela kuparadzira manyepo mukuyedza kukanganisa nyika uye kupa hurumende yakasarudzwa nedemocracy.
CNN yakaburitswa an article kufumura mienzaniso yakawanda yenhema dzinoparadzirwa nevanhu vanopikisa kuburikidza neTwitter. Mumwe muenzaniso wepropaganda wakatumirwa neveVenezuelan "chipangamazano wezvematongerwo enyika" Esteban Gerbasi, achishandisa mufananidzo kubva kuBrazil senzira yekuratidza kuti Venezuela idzvinyiriri. Gerbasi akatorwa neAssociated Press mukati an article Muna Mbudzi wapfuura pamusoro pekuratidzira kwaakaita achipikisa hurumende kwaakaratidza kusafara kwake nehutungamiriri hwevanopikisa nekusatora makakatanwa, uye vamwe vangangotaura zvisiri zvegutsaruzhinji, kuhurumende.
"The Marcha Autoconvocada's Chinangwa ndechekuratidza kuna Maduro nehutungamiriri hwevanopikisa kuti nguva yavo yakwana uye kuti nzira yekubuda yave kuenda mumigwagwa, "akadaro Gerbasi, achipa yambiro uye kufananidzira mhirizhonga ichangopfuura.
Mumwe muenzaniso wakashata wakasimbiswa neshumo yeCNN yaive pikicha yakanyorwa neveVenezuelan mutambi Amanda Gutierrez iyo inonzi yakasimudzwa kubva kuUS-based porn saiti. Mufananidzo uyu wakashandiswa naye "kuratidza" kushungurudzwa kwepabonde nemapurisa kune vanopikisa hurumende.
Uyezve kuna Francisco Toro, blogger wekuVenezuela ane "mimhanzi" paCaracas Chronicles (webhusaiti yaakavamba) ari. "inofanira kuverengerwa vatori venhau vekunze," maererano ne Associated Press. Mune chinyorwa chakaenda kuhutachiona paTwitter neFacebook chine musoro unoti "Mutambo Wakachinjwa muVenezuela Nezuro Husiku - uye VezveMedia Venyika Dzakarara paChinjo", Toro akanyora nezve "tropical pogrom" inonzi yakaitika humwe husiku muVenezuela - kunze kwekuti haina. Kwakanga kusina kuurayiwa kwevanhu ne "paramilitaries." Mumwe munhu akafa nekukuvadzwa kwakaitwa husiku ihwohwo, zvisinei kuti mazuva mana gare gare. Rufu urwu inhamo, asi kure kure ne "pogrom" kana kuuraya. Mushure meizvi zvisizvo uye kuwedzeredza kwakakura kwaive kufumurwa nekutsoropodzwa Toro akaenda paTwitter ndokubvuma kuti โoverstatement mukupisa kwechinguva.โ Akazvitaurawo mu a Blog romukova izvo zvakawana zvakawanda zvinodakadza gumi nemana paFacebook uye gumi nembiri maTweets - mukusiyana nemazana ezviuru zve Facebook zvaanoda uye anopfuura 14 maTweets ake ekutanga, ane chokwadi chakapikisa blog post yakaunganidzwa. Izvi zvinotsigira thesis yaSilverman yambotaurwa pamusoro pekuti gadziriso yekukanganisa haina kudzokororwa sei uye inotariswa zvakanyanya sekukanganisa kwekutanga.
Uyezve, Toro akatora Twitter zvakare kuti azvidzivirire, panguva ino nokutaura kuti Caracas Makoronike hazvifanirwe kutorwa sehutori venhau - chimwe chinhu chandinobvumirana nacho nemoyo wese - kunyangwe ivo vachifanira kunge vari chirevo pamusoro pepeji rega rega kuti vasavhiringe vatori venhau vepasi rese senge ari kuAssociated Press, anoona Toro se "anofanira kuverenga." Toro zvakare oped mubatsiri nokuti The New York Times.
Julia Buxton, achinyorera iyo Latin America Bureau, isa njodzi dzesocial media mhedzisiro pane zvechinyakare midhiya munzira:
"Zvisinei nekutaura kuti social media 'inoisa democratise' vezvenhau, zviri pachena kuti muVenezuela zvave nemhedzisiro, zvichiwedzera maitiro ekusaziva uye kunyepa, nemapoka enhau dzemhiri kwemakungwa uye mablogiki achigadzira - pasina kusimbiswa - zvinopokana nemifananidzo yemudzidzi. kukuvadzwa kunonzi kwakakonzerwa nechisimba nemapurisa uye kurwiswa nevatsigiri vehurumende.โ
Cyril Mychalejko mupepeti ku www.UpsideDownWorld.org.
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
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