Kunobva: Labor Hub
Rudo Munguva Yehondo: Makore angu naRobert Fisk, naLara Marlowe, rakabudiswa neMusoro weZeus.
Pakafa mutori wenhau akahwina mubairo Robert Fisk muna 2020, mutero wehunyanzvi hwake hwakadururwa mukati. Christian Broughton, maneja director we sununguka, vakamudaidza kuti "Kusatya, kusabvumirana, akatsunga uye akazvipira chose kuburitsa chokwadi uye chokwadi zvachose ... mutori wenhau mukuru wechizvarwa chake."
Jeremy Corbyn akamurondedzera soโmurume akangwara ane ruzivo rusingaenzaniswi rwenhau, zvematongerwe enyika uye vanhu vokuMiddle East.โ
"Utori venhau wakarasikirwa neushingi," akadaro John Pilger nyore.
Asi rimwe izwi rakadzokororwa muzvinyorwa zverufu raive "makakatanwa". Izvi zvakakonzerwa nekupfuura nzira dzake dzisina kujairika. Kwakanga kuri nemhaka yokuramba kwake pfungwa yokuti mutori wenhau anogona neimwe nzira kutora chimiro chokusatora rutivi, zvikurukuru muhondo. Iwe unofanirwa kunge uri kudivi reavo vanotambura, akadaro.
Zvaisashamisa kuti nekuda kweizvozvo aishora zvakanyanya mutemo weUS wekunze, hondo yeIraq, mabatiro eIsrael maPalestine uye nekumwe kusarongeka kwakawanda izvo vashoma vatori venhau vekumadokero vanogara vachipokana.
Nhoroondo yeLabour Hub panguva iyoyo akati: โFisk aitenda kuti ibasa rekutora nhau 'kupikisa chiremera- chiremera chose - kunyanya kana hurumende nevezvematongerwo enyika vakatiendesa kuhondo.' 'Hondo,' akanyora kudaro Hondo Huru Yebudiriro, 'zvikurukuru hazvisi zvekukunda kana kukundwa asi nezverufu nekuunzwa kwerufu. Inomiririra kukundikana zvachose kwemweya wemunhu.'
โPaakanyora mashoko aya, Robert Fisk akanga awana mibairo yakawanda yenhau dzeBritain nedzepasi rose kupfuura chero mutori wenhau wokune dzimwe nyika. Asi nhaka yake yekusingaperi ichave kufumura kwake vavariro dzakaora dzinotsigira kupindira kwemauto ekumadokero - uye nekuda kweizvi, anogona kuyeukwa semunhu akabatsira zvakanyanya murunyararo rwepasirese.
Memoir yaLara Marlowe Rudo Munguva Yehondo inounza Fisk kuhupenyu nehupenyu chaihwo. Akange akaroorwa naye kwemakore gumi nemaviri kubva ku1994 kusvika 2006 asi akatanga kusangana naye semutori wenhau wechidiki weUnited States mumakore ake epakati pemakumi maviri muSyria muna 1983 apo vakakurumidza kuva vadiwa. Ndihwo hukama hwakatsungirira kuburikidza nekuroora kwaLara kune mumwe murume gore rakatevera, sezvo Fisk aimutevera pasi rese nerunako uye neshungu.
Panguva ino, Fisk aigara muBeirut panguva iyo vekumavirira vaive munjodzi huru yekutorwa nemauto. Sezvo apukunyuka kuyedza kupamba nekumhanyisa kure neakaedza kuba motokari, kumhanya mumigwagwa yakamanikana nekurovera mota dzakamiswa, Fisk akatora matanho ekuzvidzivirira, kunyanya kuenda nekudzoka kunhandare yendege, nzvimbo inofarirwa nembavha.
โAnofamba ari first class uye haatarise mabhegi, nekuti pakudzoka vanoba vanhu vanenge vaine vanhu vanorinda panhandare yendege, vachidzidza nezvevanhu vanenge vachiburuka uye vachimirira mikwende,โ anonyora kudaro Marlowe. โVanobvutira runhare mberi kune varume vane pfuti, vanovandira vatsva vanosvika mumugwagwa wepanhandare yendege. Robert anogara ari wekutanga kubva mundege uye anotanga kubuda munhandare, saka vanoba havana nguva yekuronga." Fisk anozomutyaira parwendo rwakatungamirwa rwenzvimbo dzine ngozi dzeBeirut uko vasungwa vakatorwa, izvo zvaanonyorera Irish Times. Gare gare iyewo achauya mukati meinji imwe chete yekubiwa.
Marlowe akashuma pamwe chete naFisk nezvezviitiko zvakakosha muMiddle East panguva iyoyo, sekupfura kweUS 1988 pasi kweIran Air ndege 655 pamusoro pePersian Gulf. Anonyora kuti, โHapana chinhu kubva muupenyu hwangu hwekare chakandigadzirira kunhuwa nokuona mitumbi 170 yakarongwa mumitsara pauriri hwekamuri rokuchengetera chando.โ Vashandi vengarava yehondo yeUS vakaita huipi uhwu vakapihwa mibairo yekurwa - yekupfura ndege yepasi.
Kurume 1989 anowana varoorani vanogara pamberi pehondo yavagari vemo muBeirut: โkurwisa kunotanga senguva dzose kwasviba. Inosimuka zvishoma nezvishoma asi zvishoma nezvishoma kwemaawa akawanda. Pakati pehusiku tinokwevera mametiresi edu pakumhara, asi kuputika kunouya nekukurumidza, kukuru, pedyo. Chivako chacho chinodengenyeka sokunge chiri kudengenyeka kwenyika kusingaperi.โ
Nyamavhuvhu 1990: Saddam Hussein anopinda muKuwait. Sezvo mauto eUS anoungana pamiganhu yayo, musikana weKuwaiti ane makore gumi nemashanu okuberekwa anonzi Nayirah anopupura pamberi peUS Congressional Human Rights Caucus, kuti akaona masoja eIraq achipinda muchipatara ndokutora vana vachangozvarwa kubva mumaincubari ovasiya pasi. kufa. Uchapupu hwake, hwakaonekwa nemakumi emamiriyoni evaAmerica, hunobatsira kuwana rutsigiro rweruzhinji rwehondo. Vatori venhau vakazoziva kuti Nayirah inhengo yemhuri yehumambo hweKuwaiti uye humbowo hwake hwakagadzirwa nekambani yePR.
Pamusoro pe80,000 matani emabhomba anodonhedzwa paIraq, kupfuura kuGermany munguva yeHondo Yenyika II. Kumwe kurwiswa kunopisa vanhu vanopfuura mazana mana evaIraq vanotora nzvimbo yekuvanda mumhepo. Hondo yepasi yemaawa zana inodzinga kubva kuKuwait mauto eIraqi, avo "vanopedza basa ravo nekupenga kwekupisa, kupamba, kupamba uye kuparadza", nekupisa zvivakwa zvenhoroondo nekupisa mazana ematsime emafuta. "Kuwaiti yese yatinosangana nayo inoziva nezvemunhu akabatwa chibharo, akapambwa kana kupondwa."
Sezvo vakasara veuto reIraqi vachidzokera, ndege dzeUS dzakavavhiringa nekuvabhomba, vachiuraya vanopfuura chiuru, vasungwa veKuwaiti vaisanganisira. Mumashure mekusunungurwa, 'vazivisi' vekuIraq vanopondwa uye mazana evarume vechidiki vekuPalestine vanopambwa. (Saddam Hussein akanga ati achabvisa mauto eIraqi kubva kuKuwait kana Israel ikabuda kubva kuWest Bank neGaza.) Marlowe anoona masoja eKuwait achirova mwana wePalestine. Anodaidza mauto eUS kuti apindire - vanoseka.
Munguva yehondo, Mutungamiriri weUS akakurudzira maIraqi kuti amukira Saddam Hussein. Pavanoita kudaro, vanodzvinyirirwa noutsinye uye havawani rubatsiro runobva kumavirira. Marlowe anocheka pamwe chete nyaya dzinosimudza bvudzi dzevapoteri: โzviuru zvekuurayiwa kwezuva nezuva mumataundi eShia, kwevapanduki vachiturikwa pamadhiramu epfuti, kwevarume vakasungwa vakadungamidzana pasi kuti matangi agone kuumburuka pamusoro pavo.โ Vanopfuura mamirioni maviri ekuKurds vanotiza Iraq kuti vatize kutsiva kwaSaddam.
Makore akareba ezvirango zvekumavirira pamusoro peIraq anotevera, zvichinzi kukanganisa hutongi, asi zvichikuvadza chete vanhu veIraqi, vanova vanonyanya kutsamira kuhurumende pakudya kushoma uye zvipfeko zvavanogamuchira. Hondo inogadzira spike yakakura muzviitiko zvegomarara uye varwere vanofa mumapoka nekuda kwekushaya mishonga.
Mumakore ekuma1990, Marlowe akanga ari kuAlgeria, achitaura nezvehondo yevagari vemo yaityisa, umo vanosvika zviuru mazana maviri vakaurayiwa. Vatori venhau vekuMadokero vainangwawo. Fisk akanyora kuurayiwa uku mubhuku rake repeji 200,000, bhuku, Hondo Huru Yebudiriro. Pane imwe nguva, ari kunze kwemauto anotenderera anorwiswa nemabhomba e-booby-trap, nerombo rakanaka achibuda asina kukuvadzwa.
The hutsinye hwemapurisa, vanotambudza vasungwa nezvibooreso zvemagetsi uye kubata chibharo vadikani vavo pamberi pavo, inofananidzwa neiyo yegandanga reArmed Islamic Group, vanouraya muchidimbu vachishandisa guillotine inotakurika yakaiswa kumashure kwerori yavanotyaira kubva kumusha. kumusha. Muna September 1997, mazana matatu evanhuwo zvavo anourayiwa muusiku humwe mumusha uri mumasabhabhu eAlgiers. Kwapera mwedzi, Marlowe paanobvumidzwa kushanya, nzvimbo iyi iguta remweya, pasina mumwe munhu akaita kuuraya uku.
Padivi paFisk, Marlowe akafukidzawo hondo yaimbova Yugoslavia. โMumigwagwa yokuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kweBosnia mukupera kwezhizha ra1992, tinotyaira tichipfuura mazana edzimba dzakaparara, dzimba dzine nhurikidzwa mbiri dzine matenga akapwanyika ematiles matsvuku,โ anonyora kudaro. โNjodzi yacho yakaitika kamwe kamwe zvokuti mhuri dzakawanda dzakasiya mbatya dzichiomeswa patambo. VaSerbia vanoda kuti vaMuslim vabhururudze mireza michena kuratidza kuti havana zvombo. Chokwadi inzira yekuziva kuti ndedzipi dzimba dzekuparadza.โ
Marlowe anosangana nevamwe vevakapona pakubatwa chibharo kwevanhu vakawanda uye kurwadziswa. Panotanga mabhomba eNATO, vanhuwo zvavo vakawanda vanofa: โTinomira mumunda wakazara zvitunha, makumbo nemaoko, zvipfeko uye zvinhu zvavo. Musoro wemunhu unogara muuswa.
Pane fungidziro yakasimba yekuti uranium yakapera yakashandiswa, sekuIraq. Mabhomba eNATO anoparadzawo chivakwa chekambani yekutepfenyura, kuuraya vanhu vanosvika gumi. "Ukangouraya vanhu nekuti haufarire zvavanotaura," Fisk anonyora, "wachinja mitemo yehondo."
Asi kurwiswa kweNATO pavagari vemo kunowedzera - pazvitima zvinotakura vanhu, dzimba, zvipatara, kunyangwe mumiriri weChina. Mune chimwe chiitiko, โNATO inobhomba bhazi reNiลก kuenda kuPristina pabhiriji paLuลพane, richiuraya vanhuwo zvavo makumi mana nevatanhatu vokuSerbia neAlbania. Mutyairi anomirira kusvikira ambulensi yasvika uye mabhomba kechipiri - chimwe chinhu chatinowanzoona maIsrael achiita muRebhanoni. "
Kubvumbi 1996: Israel inotanga kubhomba Beirut. Chombo cheHellfire chakagadzirwa neUS chinodambura amburenzi, chichiuraya vakadzi vaviri nevasikana vana. Fisk inotora shard kubva kune missile nzira yose kuenda kuDuluth, Georgia, kuU.
Musi waApril 18th 1996, "Ini naRobert tinopedza mangwanani tichityaira tichiyambuka nharaunda yehondo nekonivhesiti iri kutakura migove kuenda kunzvimbo dzeUNIFIL." (UNIFIL iUnited Nations Interim Force muLebanon.) Ipapo mushumo unouya pakuti Israel yabhomba nzvimbo yeUNIFIL. Marlowe anonyora kuti: โPatinosvika pamagedhi edzimbahwe remauto eFiji pashure pemaminitsi mashomanana, ropa riri kuyerera mumugwagwa weasphalt. Ndinoedza kusatsika mairi, asi kune ropa kwose kwose. Madziva nenzizi dzaro. Uye nyama yemunhu."
Nhoroondo yake yekuponda, pakafa vanhu vanopfuura 100, inotyisa zvechokwadi. Zvichakadaro, hurumende yeIsrael inotaura zvisina musoro kuti Hezbollah yakapfura makombo kubva mukati mehofisi yeFijian battalion - kutaura zvazviri yaive kubva mazana emamita kure kure, sekuratidzwa kwazvinoitwa.
Fisk anobatanidzwa mukufukunura chokwadi pamusoro pekurwiswa uye anowana uye kushambadza vhidhiyo yekubhomba. Izvi zvinobatsira kumanikidza UN kuburitsa zvayakawana pachiitiko ichi, icho nezvikonzero zvezvematongerwo enyika yaiedza kuvanza. "Boutros-Ghali akazotiudza kuti Washington yakamudzinga semunyori mukuru weUN nekuti akatendera kuti chirevo ichi chibudiswe."
Memoir yaMarlowe zvakare nezve hondo dzake nevapepeti, vakatsunga kuratidza mutemo wekumadokero muMiddle East muchiedza chakanakisa. Mufananidzo wemwana akaurayiwa mubhomba wakanyorwa mukati nguva magazini se "akabatwa mukati memoto" - chigadzirwa chakachena. Kune imwe nzvimbo magazini inotaura nezvekuuraya se "kukanganisa" uye "njodzi". Marlowe anowana basa idzva pa Irish Times.
Marlowe naFisk vakashanda pamwe chete kweanoda kusvika makore makumi maviri, asi hupenyu munzira yekumhanya hunotora hurombo. Kusavimbika, kutsamwa uye kuora mwoyo zvinoisa hukama hwavo munjodzi - uyezve pane imwe hondo yekufukidza vese kana muchato wavo wapera. Marlowe naFisk vari muBaghdad panotanga bhomba reUS - 320 cruise missile muhusiku humwe.
Vhiki imwe muhondo, US yakabhomba misika miviri mumazuva maviri munzvimbo dzine urombo dzeBaghdad, ichiuraya vanhu 723. Marlowe anobvunzurudza vakapona. Mumwe anobvunza kuti: โNei vari kutiitira izvi?โ
Anoenda kuHilla, pedyo neguta rekare reBabironi, uko vanhu makumi matanhatu nevaviri vakaurayiwa uye mazana maviri vakakuvadzwa mumazuva matatu ekurwiswa kwebhomba reUS. Vana vari pakati pevanyajambwa, asi kushandiswa kwezvombo zvakadaro kurwisa vanhuwo zvavo kunorambidzwa zvachose.
Mazuva gare gare, ndege dzeUS dzakarwisa chivakwa cheAl Jazeera uye tangi mabhomba eReuters Bureau. Mumwe mukuru wemauto eUnited States anoti varume vake vakadzingwa pachivako ichi, asi Marlowe anoti โvanhu vanopfuura 200 vanopupurira kuti hapana pfuti imwe chete yakapfurwa muhotera yacho.โ
Hondo pamusoro, kupamba kunotanga - kusanganisira hupfumi hwenyika hunokosha - husina kudzorwa nemauto. Asi kune mamwe mativi, kune ngozi iri kuwedzera. Kubva pakatanga kurwisa kuti mauto eUS haana hanya mukunangana kwavo nevanhuwo zvavo. โChikamu chikuru chemakumi ezviuru zvevagari vekuIraq vakaurayiwa nemauto eUnited States vanopfurwa vakafira panzvimbo dzinoongororwa vanhu nekuti havana kuteerera pfuti yayambiro,โ anonyora kudaro Marlowe. โGore rinotevera, ndinopotsa ndaurayiwa nenzira imwe cheteyo.โ
Iri ibhuku rakanyorwa zvinoshamisa. Haisi chete memoir nezve Fisk, uye hukama hwaMarlowe hunowanzo kunetsa naye. Chinonyanya kukosha ndechokuti ibhuku rinotaura nezvemigumisiro yehondo, vanhuwo zvavo vanotambura uye nhema dzinoudzwa kupembedza utsinye hunoitwa nemauto ane simba zvikuru enyika. Inokodzera kuverenga kwakakura kwazvo.
Mike Phipps mupepeti weIraq Occupation Focus e-newsletter, inowanikwa pa https://lists.riseup.net/www/info/iraqfocus. Bhuku rake Kune Vazhinji: Kugadzirira Basa reSimba rakabudiswa na KANA Mabhuku muna 2018.
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
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