Mumwe bhirioni anochengetedza anopokana kupindira kwehurumende mubhizinesi akatenga chinhu chisingawanzo: kodzero yekupindira mukuhaya vadzidzisi kuyunivhesiti inopihwa mari neruzhinji.
Hwaro hwebhengi namuzvinabhizinesi wekuLibertarian Charles G. Koch vakavimbisa $1.5 miriyoni yezvinzvimbo muFlorida State University's economics department. Mukudzoka, vamiriri vake vanosvika pakuvheneka uye kusaina chero mubhadharo wechirongwa chitsva chinosimudzira "hupfumi hwezvematongerwo enyika uye bhizinesi remahara."
Sechinyakare, vanopa yunivhesiti havana ruzivo rushoma rwepamutemo pakusarudza munhu anozadza chigaro chavakapa mari. Simba revadzidzisi veyunivhesiti nevakuru vakuru vekusarudza mapurofesa pasina kupindira kwekunze rinoonekwa sechiratidzo cherusununguko rwedzidzo.
Pasi pechibvumirano neCharles G. Koch Charitable Foundation, zvisinei, fakaroti inongochengeta kunyengera kwekutonga. Chibvumirano chinotsanangura kuti komiti yekuraira yakagadzwa naKoch inosarudza kuti ndevapi vavhoti vanofanirwa kutariswa. Nheyo inogonawo kubvisa mari yayo kana isingafari nesarudzo yefaculty kana kuti mibhadharo isingasviki "zvinangwa" zvakagadzirirwa naKoch panguva yekuongorora kwegore.
David W. Rasmussen, mukuru weCollege of Social Sciences, akadzivirira chibvumirano, chakatangwa neFSU akapedza kudzidza achishandira Koch. Muchikamu chekutanga chekutora basa muna 2009, Koch akaramba zvingangoita makumi matanhatu muzana emazano evadzidzisi asi akazobvumirana pane vaviri. Kunyangwe hazvo chibvumirano ichi chakasainwa muna 60 paine gakava shoma reveruzhinji, nyaya iyi yakamukazve svondo rapfuura apo mapurofesa maviri eFSU - mumwe akasiya basa, mumwe akashanda - akashoropodza chibvumirano cheTallahassee Democrat sekuzvidza rusununguko rwedzidzo.
Rasmussen akati kuhaya mapurofesa maviri matsva anomubvumira kupa mamwe makosi masere pagore. "Ndine chokwadi chekuti vamwe vadzidzisi vachati izvi hazvienderane nemaonero avo erusununguko rwedzidzo," akadaro. "Asi ini ndinoona sekuti kungadai kwakave kusaita basa nekusazviita."
Iyo Koch nheyo, yakavakirwa muArlington, Va., Haana kudzosa runhare ichitsvaga mhinduro.
Mayunivhesiti mazhinji, kusanganisira iyo University yeFlorida, ane marongero anodzikamisa pesvedzero yevanopa pamusoro pekushandisa zvipo zvavo. Yale University yakambodzorera madhora miriyoni makumi maviri apo mupi wacho akada simba reveto pakugadzwa, achiti kutonga kwakadaro "kwaisanzwika."
Jennifer Washburn, uyo akaongorora akawanda ezvibvumirano pakati pemayunivhesiti nevapi, akadana chibvumirano cheKoch neFSU "chinokatyamadza."
Akadaro Washburn, munyori weUniversity Inc., bhuku rinotaura nezvezvisungo zveindasitiri kune vechikoro: "Uyu muenzaniso wakashata weyunivhesiti yeruzhinji inoda kuzvitengesa pasina pasina."
Hwaro hwakabatana neFSU ndechimwe chezvizhinji zvisina purofiti zvakapihwa mari naCharles Koch (anonzi "coke''), 75, uye munun'una wake David, 71. Chinangwa: Kufambisira mberi kutenda kwavo, kuburikidza nematangi ekufunga, masangano ezvematongerwo enyika uye dzidzo, kuti mitero nemirau yehurumende zvinokanganisa kubudirira.
Huzivi hweKoch hwakafanana nehwaRick Scott, uyo, mune chimwe chezviito zvake zvekutanga sagavhuna weFlorida, akamisa mitemo mitsva yehurumende pamabhizinesi, uye akasundira kuderedzwa kwemitero.
Hama dzaKoch dzine yechipiri hombe yakazvimiririra mubatanidzwa weUS, inogadzira zvigadzirwa zvakakurumbira seBrawny mapepa matauro, Dixie makapu uye Stainmaster kapeti. Koch Industries, iyo yaive nemabhiriyoni zana emadhora mukutengesa gore rapfuura, zvakare ine zviuru zvemamaira emapaipi emafuta, marefineries uye Georgia-Pacific matanda. Hama dzeKoch imwe neimwe inokosha $100 bhiriyoni.
Charles, sachigaro uye Mukuru mukuru weKoch Industries muWichita, Kan., akatanga Cato Institute, boka rinoita mitemo, muna 1977. Mukoma wake anoshanda mubhodhi. David, anogara kuManhattan uye ari mutevedzeri wemutungamiri weKoch Industries, muna 2004 akatanga Americans for Prosperity Foundation iyo yakashanda pamwe nebato retii.
Sangano reCharles G. Koch Charitable Foundation, raakapa mari inosvika mamiriyoni makumi masere emadhora pagore, rakanangana ne โkusimudzira kufambira mberi kwevanhu uye kugara zvakanakaโ kuburikidza nerubatsiro kumayunivhesiti angangoita zana nemakumi mashanu. Asi kare, makoreji mazhinji, kusanganisira Florida Gulf Coast University muFort Myers, aingowana zviuru zvishoma zvemadhora.
Musiyano mukuru wanga uri George Mason University, yunivhesiti yeruzhinji muVirginia iyo yakagamuchira mari inodarika mamirioni makumi matatu emadhora kubva kuKoch mumakore makumi maviri apfuura. PaGeorge Mason, nheyo yeKoch yakanyora pasi Mercatus Center, iyo fakaroti yekudzidza "kuti masangano anokanganisa sei rusununguko rwekubudirira."
Mutungamiri George W. Bush pavakaona mirau makumi maviri nemitatu yavaida kubvisa, gumi nemina yakanga yambotaurwa nenyanzvi dzeMercatus. Mune imwe nhoroondo yeNew Yorker yehama dzeKoch muna Nyamavhuvhu, Rob Stein, nyanzvi yeDemocratic strategist, akadana Mercatus "pasi zero yekubvisa mutemo muWashington."
Ikozvino, pane kutora madhipatimendi ese ezvidzidzo, Koch ari kupa mari fakaroti inosimudzira chirongwa chake kumayunivhesiti uko kune akasiyana maonero ehupfumi. Pamusoro peFSU, Koch akaita gadziriro dzakafanana kune zvimwe zvikoro zviviri zvehurumende, Clemson University muSouth Carolina neWest Virginia University.
Bruce Benson, sachigaro wedhipatimendi rehupfumi reFSU, akati pavashandi vake makumi matatu, vatanhatu, kusanganisira iye, vaizowira mumusasa wemahara wemusika weKoch.
"VaKoch vanoona, sezvandinoita, kuti mitemo yakawanda inokuvadza uye vane chokwadi chekuti misika inoshanda zvakanaka kana yasiiwa yega," akadaro.
Benson akati bazi ravo rine hurukuro huru, asi hapana vhoti, pachibvumirano cheKoch apo chakasainwa muna 2008.
Akataura kuti rubatsiro rweKoch rwakavandudza dhipatimendi rake uye rwakavimbisa kusiyana kwemaonero anobatsira vadzidzi.
"Vadzidzi vachazosarudza pakupedzisira," akadaro. "Kana iwe uchitenda zvakasimba mune chimwe chinhu, unotenda kuti chinogona kukunda gakava."
Benson anoita mishumo yegore negore kuna Koch pamusoro pezvinyorwa, hurukuro uye makirasi, izvo zvinosanganisira hupfumi hwehuori. Akataura kuti FSU yakavimbisa kuchengetedza mapurofesa munzvimbo dzekugara dzakahaiwa pasi pemubhadharo weKoch kana hwaro huchizonzwa kuti havasi kutevedzera zvinangwa zvavo uye kubvisa rutsigiro.
"Kusvika pari zvino, vakanaka nezviri kuitika," Benson akadaro. "Asi ndinobvumirana nezvavanotenda, kuti vanotipa mari here kana kuti kwete."
Sekunyorwa kwepakutanga, chibvumirano chakadaidzira kuti Koch hwaro uye FSU iunganidze inosvika 6.6 miriyoni emadhora pazvinzvimbo zvitanhatu zvefekisheni. Urongwa uhu hwakadzoserwa kumashure pamberi pekuderera kwehupfumi, asi mukuru weFSU akarasa mazano ekuti akasaina chibvumirano naKoch nekuda kwekunetsa kwemari.
"Uyu ungadai uri mukana wekuvandudza dhipatimendi redu rehupfumi mune chero mamiriro ezvinhu," Rasmussen akadaro.
Pamusoro pekupa mari nzvimbo mbiri, Koch akapawo mari inosvika zviuru mazana mashanu emadhora ekudyidzana kwevakapedza kudzidza. Parizvino chete BB&T, iyo bhanga inobata kambani, yapinda mukuedza, nehwaro hwayo hwekuvimbisa $500,000 miriyoni pamakore gumi. Mari iri kushandiswa kuhaya murairidzi asingakodzeri kuita basa; BB&T yakanga isina simba pamusoro pemubhadharo, Rasmussen akadaro.
Rubatsiro rwakasiyana kubva kuBB&T inopa kosi yetsika nehupfumi umo Ayn โโRand's Atlas Shrugged inodiwa kuverenga. Rinovhero iri, iro rinoratidza kuparara kwenzanga zvichitevera kupindira kwehurumende pamakambani emahara, rakaitwa nguva pfupi yadarika kuita bhaisikopo rakatengeswa kunhengo dzebato retii.
"Kana mumwe munhu akati, 'Tinoda kubatsira kutsigira vadzidzi vako nehunyanzvi nekukupa mari, asi isu tinoda kuti iwe uverenge bhuku iri,' izvo hazvindirove sechivi chikuru," akadaro Rasmussen we. BB&T gadziriro, iyo bhanga rine zvikoro zvinosvika makumi matanhatu. "Chivi chikuru chii kutaura kuti dzimwe pfungwa hadzigone kukurukurwa."
Uye haatyi kuti zvibvumirano naKoch neBB&T zvichakurudzira vanopa ramangwana kuti vade kutonga pamusoro pekuhaya kana kosi.
Akadaro Rasmussen, "Handina chandinopikisa kune vanhu vanoda kutibatsira kuti tiwane mari yekuita zvakanaka payunivhesiti yedu. Ndinofara kuzviita."
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
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