Kufanana nevana vakawanda vaikura muchiJudha, ndaida Israeri. Ndakazvibatanidza nenyika uye ndakaona chimiro changu chechiJudha chichiratidzwa mairi.
Pamwe imhaka yekuti ndakawana kurudziro mutsika yeIsrael yaiita seyaitarisa pwere. Ndakafarira kuti David Ben-Gurion, Mutungamiriri wekutanga weIsrael, akataura nezve "MuJudha Mutsva weIsrael" akasimba, akazvipira uye akazvimiririra - achipokana nepfungwa ye "MuJudha weEurope" รขโฌ . โ asina simba, akaonda, uye anotsamira. Kana kuti pamwe ndaida kuziva chimwe chinhu chisiri kuungana kwemhuri kunonetesa muToronto kuzere naambuya vakadzvanya matama angu.
Neimwe nzira, semudiki, mupfupi, mudiki achiri kuyaruka achitsvaga kutsvaga chimiro chenharaunda uye kunzwa kwekugonesa, Israel nemufananidzo wayo zvakandipa kunzwa kwehurume. Ngano yeIsrael yakandibvumira kuramba kutsvinda kwetsika dzechiJudha dzekuNorth America uku ndichichengeta pfungwa yenharaunda inofungidzirwa yakanga ichiri kugamuchirwa, uye kunyange kukurudzirwa, nemhuri yangu nenharaunda.
Sezvandaiongorora izvi zvakanyanya, ndakatanga kuona kuti Zionism yakanga yakafanana nechisimba chekoloni uye kubata kwevamwe vanhu.
Kurerwa muZionist
Ndakashanyira mhuri yangu yeIsrael muHaifa, kuchamhembe kweIsrael, pandaiva nemakore 11. Kuona hukama hwakasimba, asi hune simba uye hwehama pakati pemaJuda eIsrael, zvakandikurudzira. (Kwaingove kufungisisa nezvendangariro dzangu dzeIsrael ndipo pandakatanga kubvunza ngano yandakanga ndaratidzwa uye zviito zvemazuva ese zverusaruraganda nekoloni zvandaiona). Kusangana nemhuri yangu yakakura, ndakanzwa hukama hwepedyo uye hwakadzama navo. Nemhaka yorudo rwavo kuna Israeri uye chimiro chavo chezvandakaona somuJudha Mutsva, ndakanzwa ndakasungirirwa kuhurumende.
Mhuri yangu yaiva chikamu chechipiri chevapambi vekoloni vakasvika muBritish Mandate yePalestine mushure meHondo Yenyika I. Vakashanda nesimba mukukunda nyika yePalestine uye kutangwa kwemasangano echiJudha chete, semapoka ekurima airambidza vasiri vaJudha kubva. kutora chikamu. Ndichitaura nehama dzangu dzechikuru, ndakakurudzirwa nenyaya dzavo dzeIsrael yekare nenharaunda yayakaumba.
Nyaya idzodzo รขโฌโ dzakasanganiswa nemufaro wekuva pamberi pemhuri yakataura nyaya dzezvishamiso zveIsrael miniti imwe ndokusvetuka kuti itambe zvine simba rimwe rinotevera รขโฌโ nganonyorwa pfungwa yedunhu diki rekurwa raitaura izvo. Ndakatenda kuti waiva mufananidzo wenharaunda yakanga yawana simba rayo.
Panguva imwe cheteyo, vabereki vangu vose vakanga vakazvipira kurwisana norusaruraganda muSouth Africa uye baba vangu vakanga vari munyori wenhau dzebasa, naizvozvo kubvira ndichiri mudiki hunhu hunokosha hwokurwisana norusaruraganda nesocialism hwakarovererwa pandiri.
Pasinei nehukama hwangu hwehurudzi neIsrael uye nekutenda kwakasimba muZionism, mauto eIsrael, uye marongero eNyika yechiJudha, handina kunzwa kupokana pakati pekuzivikanwa kwangu muZionist uye kuzvipira kwangu mukururamisira munharaunda. Ndaidavira kuti Israeri yakanga iri mamiriro okururamisira munzanga. Hurumende dzevashandi dzinotevedzana dzenyika, masangano akasimba echiJudha, uye nhoroondo yekibbutzim zvaiita sezvinotsigira.
Handina kuona mhirizhonga yeZionism uye kutamiswa kwenhoroondo kwevaPalestine kwakafanana nemamwe mapurojekiti emakoloni akavakirwa pakutonga kwevachena. Pane kudaro, ndakatenda kuti Mauto eDziviriro eIsrael akanga asiri chete รขโฌลkudzivirira vaJudhaรขโฌ asi zvakareรขโฌรขโฌรขโฌรขโฌรขโฌรขโฌรขโฌรขโฌรขโฌรขโฌรขโฌรขโฌรขโฌรขโฌรขโฌรรรรรรรรรร Ndaiona Israeri nehunhu hwayo hwakafanana nekurwisana nekudzvinyirirwa, uye, ndinofanira kubvuma. vakabata maonero erusarura e "maArab" sekuedza kuparadza รขโฌลkuenzanaรขโฌ kwaigadzirwa neIsraeri.
Izvi hazvireve kuti pane imwe nhanho ini handina kuziva hudzvanyiriri hwaitarisana nevaPalestine mumaoko ehugaro hweIsrael. Kuzvipira mupfungwa yakajairika kune mazano ehutano hwemagariro evanhu uye kubva kuSocialist Zionist maonero, ndakaona basa racho sedambudziko. Asi ndakafunga kuti zvikonzero zvikuru zvekukonana ibato rekurudyi, zvikwata zvinotungamirirwa nechitendero muIsrael uye maPalestineรขโฌโข รขโฌลkushandiswa kwechisimba.
Kare ikako, ndaitoita zvekufuratira chokwadi chandaiona munhau. Ndinorangarira, mugiredhi resere, ndichibvisa chinyorwa cheToronto Star nezvemauto eIsrael achivhura moto pakuratidzira kwePalestine nekuti, mupfungwa dzangu, masoja eIsrael akadzivirira maPalestine.
Kuzvipira kwangu kuZionism kwakatoita kuti ndipe imwe yetsuro dzangu zita rekuti รขโฌลShimonรขโฌ remuzita reaimbove Mutungamiriri weIsrael Shimon Peres.
Kushandisa nhoroondo
Kusiya kwangu chiZionism kwakatanga pandakanga ndava nemakore anenge 15. Pamwe yaiva mhaka yokuti ndakaziva kuti ndakanga ndisingawirirani netsuro uye ndaifanira kurega Shimon, asi sezvingabvira zvikuru zvaiva nechokuita nokusakwanisa kwangu kufuratira chokwadi chevaIsraeri. kudzvinyirirwa kwechisimba kwevaPalestine uye kufarira kuri kukura mudzidziso yeMarxist.
Munguva yehurumende yeLikud ya1996-99, ndakaona zvisingaiti kutsigira hurumende yeIsrael. Kwandiri zvaiita sekuti kuratidzwa kwekodzero yeIsrael ndiko kwaitadzisa rugare. Panguva iyoyo, ndakanga ndichiri kufunga kuti bato reLabour ndiro rakatakura runyararo uye ndichitenda zvakasimba kuti chiZionism chesocialist chaive chakasununguka. Naizvozvo, handina kukwanisa kunzwisisa kuti sei bato reLabour raizoita sevanoreverera zviito zvehurumende yeLikud uye kusaratidza hukama nevaPalestine. Handina kukwanisa kunetsana nenzira iyo vaizviti veIsrael vakasara vaizoita zvishoma pamusoro pekurwiswa kuri kuramba kuchiwedzera kwechisimba paPalestine kwaiita sekunge kuri kuparadza "nzira yerunyararo," vachibatana kuseri kwemauto.
Ndakanga ndichiomerwa nekuona kusunungurwa mukati, kana kutozvibatanidza, nepfungwa yekuve muJudha mutsva weIsrael. Ndakatanga kubvunza kuti ndaigona sei kuzvinyengera pamusoro penhau uye ndakatanga kuona kusada kwemhuri yangu uye nzanga yechiJudha kugadzirisa zvaindinetsa, pamwe chete nerusarura rwavo kuvanhu vePalestine neArab.
Ndinorangarira nhengo dzemhuri nguva zhinji dzichibatanidza manyepo enhema pamusoro pe โmaArabu akanaka neakaipaโ nerutsigiro rusingatsoropodzi pazviito zveIsrael. Pakave nekushurikidzwa kunotyisa kubva kumhuri yangu nenharaunda nekuda kwekukahadzika zviito zveIsrael. Nguva zhinji ndaisangana nemhinduro dzakaita sekuti รขโฌลIsrael inongoshorwa neavo vanogaramo,รขโฌ tsananguro dzakadarikidza dzaipiwa nevachena vekuSouth Africa nezverusaruraganda.
Ndakatanga kunzwa sekunge kubatana kwangu kwechiJudha neIsrael kwaipesana nezvidzidzo izvo vanhu vechiJudha vaifanira kunge vakadzidza kubva munhoroondo yekudzvinyirirwa.
Wedzera dash yeMarx
Mukati memakore angu okuyaruka, Marxism yakaorora zvikuru pandiri. Ndakanga ndakumbanira sangano duku resocialist muToronto uye ndakanga ndichibatanidzwa zvizere mubato reruramisiro renyika yose. Neo-colonization uye neo-liberalism ndiwo aive mashoko kwandiri panguva iyoyo uye pfungwa yekuti Chimurenga chaive pedyo chakandifadza.
Ndakatanga kutarisa munhoroondo yeIsrael uye vazhinji vehama dzangu itsva, ivo vaJudha vaipikisa Zionism, vaizopinda muhurukuro pamusoro peZionism uye hukama hwayo kune colonization uye imperialism. Nekutarisa mukuita kwekukunda kweZionist kwePalestine uye nekugadzwa kwemauto aizodzivirira nechisimba kukundwa uku, ndakaona kufanana pakati pekusikwa kweIsrael nedzimwe nyika dzekoloni. Ndakatanga kuona kufanana kwengano dzandakabata pamusoro perugare nekururamisira kweIsrael, uye ngano dzaizogadzirwa nemamwe mapoka evatorwa pamusoro pavo kuti vapembedze kurwisa kwavo vagari vemo.
Ndakatangawo kuona kuenderera mberi kwechisimba cheIsrael kune vaPalestine nevavakidzani vavo vakakomberedza, kunyanya Rebhanoni, kwete sezviitiko zvega zvekupindura asi sekuenderera mberi kwezvakaitika kare zvakatanga neZionist colonization mu1890s.
ChiZion chakatanga kundisema. Ndakashatirwa kuti sangano rechiJudha raigona kuregeredza zvachose zvidzidzo zviri pachena zvezvakaitika kare zvekutamiswa kwedu muEurope, uye ruzivo rwedu rwekubatanidzwa kwemukati nemaoko ehumambo kuchengetedza simba ravo pachavo. Ndakashatirwa kuti sangano rechiJudha raigona kutora maturusi okudzvinyirirwa kwedu ndokuashandisa kune vamwe vanhu, rakabatana neumambo hweEurope.
Mukupindura kukuziva uku pamusoro penhoroondo yeZionist, ndakatanga kuramba chiziviso changu chechiJudha, panzvimbo pacho ndichizvizivisa semunhu mukuru wenyika. Ndakavezve ndakaparadzaniswa nekubatanidzwa nguva dzose kwekuzivikanwa kwechiJudha neZionism uye kushandiswa kwechiitiko chechiJudha chenhoroondo kuratidza kudzvinyirira vanhu vePalestine neArab. Kusashandiswa zvakanaka kwenhoroondo kuita kuti Israeri, simba riri pachena rehukoloni uye mugari wemo, aite seakabatwa nekudzvinyirirwa kumwe chete kwatakatarisana nako muEurope, kwakaunza ndangariro dzekuti vakuru venyika dzemuEurope vaizozviratidza sei sevakabatwa nemaJuda kuchengetedza simba ravo.
Zita rangu rekupedzisira rechiJudha uye chiziviso chakave chombo chandakashandisa kupokana nekururamiswa kweZionist kwehuchokwadi hweIsrael uye zviito zvenyika yeIsrael. Kana maZionist aikwanisa kutenderera nhoroondo yechiJudha, ndaigona kushandisa hunhu hwangu hwechiJudha hunofungidzirwa kuti ndidzosere.
Ndakava anoshingaira anopikisa Zionist uye Palestinian solidarity activist, ndichienda kukuratidzira kwevhiki nevhiki pamberi pemumiriri weIsrael uye ndichikakavara mumakirasi angu echikoro chesekondari pamusoro pekudzvinyirirwa kwemazuva ose kweIsrael kwePalestine zvido zvekuzvisarudzira.
Sezvo kudzvanyirirwa kweIsrael kweChipiri Intifada kwakawedzera, nemauto aigara achishandisa pfuti kurwisa vechidiki vePalestine vaikanda matombo, ndakapinda neboka reToronto rainzi Jewish Youth Against the Occupation. Ndakanga ndakatsunga kumisa chiZion kutaura muzita rorusununguko rwechiJudha, uye chimiro bedzi chokuzivikanwa kwechiJudha chandaigona kubatanidzwa nacho chakanga chiri chinopesana nechiZion.
Mabatiro andaisangana nawo kubva kumhuri yangu uye munharaunda aiva nehasha uye outsinye pane dzimwe nguva. Ndinoyeuka ndichifananidzwa nemitezo yemhuri nemapurisa echiJudha muWarsaw Ghetto ayo akamanikidza vaJudha kupinda muzvitima zvinoenda kuAuschwitz. Ndaigara ndichinzi muJudha aizvivenga, ndichitukwa semutengesi kuvanhu vangu nenhoroondo. Kunyangwe zvaityisa sei izvi, zvaive nemhedzisiro yakasiyana pane yaitarisirwa. Pane kuti ndirambe ndiri mumutsara, zvakandiratidza kuti kuomesera vanhu verudzi rwechivanhu uye kuti colonial ethno-nationalism inochengetedza sei rutsigiro nekuraira kuvimbika kumhuri nenharaunda kuhurumende.
Kutorazve kuzivikanwa kwechiJudha
Kuwanazve kwangu kwekunzwa kwakajeka kwekuzivikanwa kwechiJudha hakuna kubva mukuongorora kwedzidziso zvakanyanya sezvazvakaita kubva mukusangana nehutsinye hunopesana neSemitism. Mugore rangu rekupedzisira rechikoro chesekondari ndakanga ndichiri nesangano diki reMarxist rainyanya kutaura nezvenharaunda yenharaunda kuburikidza nekufambisa zvichemo uye kutengeswa kwebepanhau redu rakashata uye rakanyorwa zvisina kunaka mumakona emigwagwa. Nzira yacho yakaita seyakabuda zvakananga kubva mubhuku rekuronga kubva ku1917 Russia iyo inogona kunge yakanyorwa naVlad pachake.
Kuve 2001, takanga tichiramba rusaruraganda kurwisa maArabu echiMuslim uye kazhinji vasiri vachena munzvimbo yepost 9/11. Panguva imwe cheteyo, boka revaNeo-Nazi rakanga ratanga kuronga munharaunda.
Takasarudza kubatanidza vaviri ava nekuratidzira mamiriro ekunze erusaruraganda akazara muCanada neUS kuita kuti boka rizive kuti vaive vasingadiwe munharaunda. Sezvatakanzwa mishumo yakawanda yemaitiro avo ekurova vanhu vasina pekugara uye vasiri vachena nechinangwa chekutyisidzira, takawedzera danidziro yedu yekuronga mubatanidzwa wenharaunda wakafararira kuramba kuvapo kwavo.
Mumwe musi weMugovera mangwanani patakanga tichitengesa mapepa evhiki nevhiki, vana vakati wandei veNeo-Nazi vakanga vari pakati pemakore ekuyaruka nekutanga kwemakumi maviri vakatirwisa. Mumwe mukomana akanga aine swastika pabhachi rake redehwe, akashevedzera kuti: โUngatsigira sei magandanga aya anogara munharaunda yedu, uri kuparadza nyika yedu.โ Mushure mechinguva chidiki diki vakamhanya sezvo masairini emapurisa ainzwika chinhambwe. Apo mapurisa airatidza kuti akanga asina hanya nekurwiswa kwechangobva kuitika uye akasarudza kutipopotera nekushandisa megaphone uye kutora chikamu chemugwagwa.
Pakanga pari panguva iyi ndipo pandakazonyatso ziva kuti ndini muJudha uye kuzivikanwa kwangu semuJudha (handiratidzike sendakanaka). Ndakaziva kuti, somuJudha, ndakanga ndiri chipfuro chokuva vachena. Nekuda kwekumanikidzwa kwemapurisa kupikisa kusarura kwedu, ndakaona kuti nyika yakanga isiri dziviriro kune rusaruraganda (anti-Semitism inosanganisira).
Ndakatanga kudzokorora nhoroondo yechiJudha uye pfungwa dzechiJudha dzakasimba zvakare, ndichiverenga vanopikisa koloni saFrantz Fanon. Panguva iyi ndakanga ndichifamba kubva kuMarxism uye kupinda mukufunga kweanorasika, ndichikura ndichishora nyika sesangano. Ndakawana kurudziro mumaJuda anarchists saEmma Goldman, pamwe nekufamba kwekusunungurwa kwevaJudha vachipokana ne imperialism, kunyanya mumamiriro eTsarist.
Kuchirova neBund
Pandakasvika kuMcGill, ndakafadzwa neBund, bato rechiJudha rakanyanya kusimba resosharisiti iro, panzvimbo pokuitira nharo pamusoro pechiZion, rakakurudzira vaJudha kurwira kuzvitonga kwavaigara uye kurwisana neutongi hwehurumende. Iyo Bund yaive imwe yeakanyanya kupikisa mauto kune maNazi mukumukira kweWarsaw ghetto uye akange achirwira kurwisa tsarist imperialism. Kubva kune anarchists ndakadzidza kuti nyika sesangano yaive yakavakirwa pakumanikidza uye mhirizhonga, uye yaivimba zvakanyanya nekushandiswa kweanti-Semitism muEurope kuchengetedza kuvimbika kwayo.
Izvi zvakasimbisa kuzvipira kwangu kune anti-Zionism uye zvakandibvumira kuzviita kubva mumaonero echiJudha. Handina kuona chero mukana wekusunungurwa muZionism sezvo yaivimba nekushandiswa kwakakwana kwemasangano akafanana uye mafungiro ehudzvinyiriri hwedu hwekare kuti atipe rusununguko rwedu. Kudzidza nezvekubatana kwakasimba kweIsrael nerusaruraganda muSouth Africa kwakatowedzera kusemesa. Ndakasemburwazve nemubatanidzwa uripo pakati pemuKristu wemaevhangeri muAmerica chaimo, musimboti wehumambo hwevachena kuMaodzanyemba, uye masangano anotungamira echiZionist.
Apo ndainetseka kuti zvakafamba sei kuti iro rainzi rusununguko rwechiJudha rwaigona kuratidza rusununguko kuburikidza nemidziyo yevadzvinyiriri vedu uye kuita vabatsiri kubva kwavari, Fanon akave akakosha kwandiri. Mukuverenga bhuku rake Black Skin, White Masks uye chinyorwa chake รขโฌลAlgeria Yakafumurwa,รขโฌ ndakatorwa moyo nenhaurirano yake pamusoro pekuti mutongi anomanikidza sei kuzivikanwa kune vakakoloni uye anoedza kuseta mazwi nemamiriro ezvinhu umo kuramba kunoitika. Fanon anopokana kuti vatorwa vanoisa chitupa ichocho uye vanotamba mutambo wemukoloni. Anoti sununguko haiwanikwe muhondo yerudzi urwu.
Ndakabva ndaona kubatana pakati pechiitiko chemaJuda chekudzvinyirirwa nekutonga nedzidziso yeZionist. Kusarudza kubva mukudzvinyirirwa kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwekoloni, nekudaro vachibatsira European imperialism, maZionist maJuda akakwanisa kutora kuzivikanwa kwemukoloni uye ruzivo rwakawedzera ropafadzo. Nekuzvibatanidza nehutongi hwezvematongerwo enyika uye kutora nyika yekoloni, maZionist akatamba nemaitiro emukoloni kuburikidza nekukurudzira kuti maJuda abve kuEurope kunokunda kune dzimwe nzvimbo.
Kuzivikanwa kwangu kwechiJudha kunobva pakunzwisisa kuti iyi haisi iyo nzira yekusunungurwa kwedu uye kuti zvishandiso zvekurwisana neSemitism zvakaputirwa mumidziyo yatiri kushandisa รขโฌลkusununguraรขโฌ pachedu. Kuzivikanwa kwangu kwechiJudha kunobva pakuziva hudzvinyiriri hwenhoroondo yevanhu vangu uye hukama hwavo hwepanyama neavo zvino vakatarisana nekudzvinyirirwa kwakafanana nekuzvidzwa. Kuzivikanwa kwangu kwechiJudha kunobva mukunzwisisa kuti rusununguko haisi nyika yemarudzi muzita rangu asi kuparadzwa kwemasimba ane mhosva yekudzvinyirirwa kwenhoroondo yedu uye kuenderera mberi kwekudzvinyirirwa kwevanhu pasi rose.
Zvandakaratidzwa nenhoroondo yedu, vanyori vedzidziso dzechiJudha vane utsinye, naFanon, ndezvokuti hatigoni kuwana rusununguko mumubatanidzwa wevadzvinyiriri vedu. Tinofanira kumbundira nhoroondo yedu mumamiriro ezvinhu enhoroondo yepasi rose uye tisakanganwa zvidzidzo zvayo. Kuva muJudha kugamuchira tsika dzedu, kugamuchira nhoroondo yedu, uye kuramba.
Jesse Rosenfeld ndiye mukuru weQuebec Bureau weCanada University Press uye mupepeti weNhau kuMcGill Daily. Rosenfeld anogara kuMontreal uko ari mugore rake rekupedzisira degree rekubatana muInternational Development Studies neWomen's Studies.
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
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