Nzvimbo zhinji dzeLebanon dzakabhombwa zvakanyanyisa nendege dzehondo dzeIsrael musi wa4 Chikumi, 1982. Mazuva maviri gare gare mauto eIsrael akapinda muLebanon nemumuganhu wenyika yekumaodzanyemba. Menachem Begin aive mutungamiriri wehurumende, Ariel Sharon gurukota rekudzivirirwa. Chikonzero chekukurumidza chekupinda uku kwaive kuedza kuuraya muLondon kwemumiriri weIsrael, asi zvino, sezvazvino, mhosva yakaiswa naBegin naSharon pa "sangano remagandanga" rePLO, iro mauto ake muSouth Lebanon akanga aona. kumisa-moto kwerinenge gore rizere risati rasvika. Mazuva mashoma gare gare, pa13 Chikumi, Beirut yaive pasi pekukombwa kwemauto eIsrael, kunyangwe, pakatanga kurwiswa, vatauri vehurumende yeIsrael vaive vataura nezve Awali River, makiromita makumi matatu kuchamhembe kwemuganhu, sechinangwa chavo. Gare gare, zvakazobuda pasina chirevo chekuti Sharon aiedza kuuraya Yasser Arafat, nekubhomba zvese zvakatenderedza mutungamiri wePalestine aizvidza. Kuperekedza kukomba kwacho kwaive kuvharirwa kwerubatsiro rwevanhu, kubviswa kwemvura nemagetsi, uye chirongwa chebhomba chemuchadenga chakaparadza mazana ezvivakwa zveBeirut uye, pakupera kwekukomba mukupera kwaNyamavhuvhu, kwakauraya 35 maPalestine neLebanon, mazhinji. zvavo vanhuwo zvavo.
Rebhanoni yanga yazadzwa nehondo inotyisa yevagari vemo kubva muchirimo cha1975 uye, kunyangwe Israel yakanga yangotumira mauto ayo muRebhanoni 1982 isati yasvika, yakanga yatsvakwa semubatsiri nemauto echiKristu erudyi. Iine nhare muEast Beirut, mauto aya akabatana nemauto aSharon mukati mekukomba, uko kwakapera mushure mezuva rinotyisa rekubhomba zvisina tsarukano musi wa12 Nyamavhuvhu, uye zvechokwadi kuurayiwa kwaSabra naShatila. Mubatsiri waSharon aive Bashir Gemayel, mukuru wePhalanges Party, akasarudzwa semutungamiri weLebanon neparamende musi wa23 Nyamavhuvhu. Gemayel akavenga maPalestine avo vasina kuchenjera vakapinda muhondo yevagari kudivi reNational Movement, mubatanidzwa wakasununguka wemapato eruboshwe uye maArabu enyika aisanganisira Amal, anotungamira bato ranhasi reHizbullah Shi'ite raizotora basa guru. mukudzinga maIsrael muna Chivabvu 2000. Akatarisana netarisiro yekutonga kweIsrael zvakananga mushure mekunge mauto aSharon aita sarudzo yake, Gemayel anoita kunge akarasika. Akapondwa musi wa14 Gunyana. Mazuva maviri gare gare kuuraya kwemusasa kwakatanga mukati menhare yedziviriro yakapiwa nemauto eIsrael kuitira kuti vamwe vaKristu vaBashir vanotsiva vaigona kuita basa ravo rinotyisa vasingapikiswe uye vasina kukanganiswa.
Pasi peUN uyezve nekutariswa kweUS, mauto eFrance akange apinda muBeirut muna Nyamavhuvhu. Vaizobatanidzwa neUnited States nemamwe mauto eEurope zvishoma gare gare, kunyange zvazvo varwi vePLO vakatanga kubuda kubva kuRebhanoni musi wa21 Nyamavhuvhu. Pakazosvika 1 Gunyana, kubuda ikoko kwakapera, uye Arafat pamwe neboka diki revapangamazano nemasoja vaive varara muTunis. Zvichakadaro hondo yevagari vemuLebanon yakaenderera mberi kusvika munenge muna 1990, apo concordat yakaumbwa pamwechete muTaif, zvakanyanya kana zvishoma kudzoreredza hurongwa hwekare hwekureurura huchiripo nhasi. Pakati pe1994, Arafat - achiri mukuru wePLO - uye vamwe vevapi vemazano vakafanana nemasoja vakakwanisa kupinda muGaza sechikamu chezvinonzi zvibvumirano zveOslo. Kutanga kwegore rino Sharon akanzi aidemba kutadza kwake kuuraya Arafat muBeirut. Kwete nokuda kwekuedza kunyanguvezvo, sezvo akawanda enzvimbo dzokuvanda nedzimbahwe zvakaputswa kuva ungwandangwanda nokurasikirwa kukuru noupenyu. 1982 vakaomesa maArabu, ndinofunga, kune pfungwa yekuti Israeri haingoshandisi tekinoroji yepamusoro (ndege, zvombo zvinokandwa, matangi, uye zvikopokopo) kurwisa vanhuwo zvavo zvisina tsarukano, asi kuti kana US kana mamwe maArabu aizoita chero chinhu kumisa. dzidzira kunyangwe zvaireva kunangana nevatungamiriri nemaguta makuru. (Kuti uwane zvakawanda nezvechikamu chino ona Rashid Khalidi, Under Siege, New York 1986; Robert Fisk, Tsitsi Rudzi, London 1990; kunyanya pahondo yevagari vemuLebanon, Jonathan Randall, Kuenda Nzira Yese, New York, 1983). Ndizvo zvakaguma kuedza kwekutanga kwemazuva ano kwekuchinja kwehutongi hwemauto neimwe nyika inozvitonga ichipikisana neimwe muMiddle East. Ini ndinoiburitsa seyakashata kumashure kune zviri kuitika izvozvi. Sharon zvino ndiye mutungamiriri weIsrael, mauto ake uye propaganda muchina zvakare akatenderedza uye anonyadzisa Arafat nemaPalestine se "magandanga". Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti izwi rekuti "gandanga" rakatanga kushandiswa zvakarongeka neIsrael kurondedzera chero chiitiko chePalestine chekupikisa kutanga pakati pe1970s. Ndiwo wanga uri mutemo kubva ipapo, kunyanya panguva yekutanga Intifada ya1987-93, ichibvisa mutsauko pakati pekupokana nehugandanga chaihwo uye nekubvisa zvematongerwo enyika zvikonzero zvehondo. Munguva ye1950s uye 60s Ariel Sharon akawana spurs yake, sekutaura, nekutungamira ine mukurumbira wakashata Unit 101, iyo yakauraya vanhu vechiArabu nekuparadza dzimba dzavo nemvumo yaBen-Gurion. Akanga ari mutariri wekugadzirisa kweGaza muna 1970-1. Hapana chimwe cheizvi, kusanganisira mushandirapamwe wa1982, chakazoguma nekubvisa vanhu vePalestine, kana kushandura mepu kana hutongi zvakakwana nenzira dzemauto kuti ive nechokwadi chekukunda kweIsrael.
Musiyano mukuru uripo pakati pa1982 na2002 ndewekuti maPalestine parizvino vari kushungurudzwa nekukombwa vari munzvimbo dzePalestine idzo dzakatorwa muna 1967 uye kwavakaramba vari kunyangwe nekuparara kwekugara, kuparadzwa kwehupfumi, uye kwese kwese kwese kwese kwevagari vemo. hupenyu hwekubatana. Kufanana kukuru ndekwechokwadi nzira dzisina kuenzana dzinoshandiswa kuzviita, semuenzaniso, mazana ematangi nemabhuru anoshandiswa kupinda mumataundi nemisha seJenin kana misasa yevapoteri seJenin naDeheisheh, kuuraya, kuparadza, kudzivirira maamburenzi uye vashandi vekutanga rubatsiro. kubva pakubatsira, kugura mvura nemagetsi, nezvimwewo. Zvose nerutsigiro rweU.S. iyo purezidhendi wayo akatosvika pakudaidza Sharon kuti murume werunyararo panguva yakaipisisa yaMarch naApril 2002. Zvinokosha kuti chinangwa chaSharon chakafamba sei. kunze kwe "kubvisa kutya" kuti masoja ake akaparadza komputa yega yega ndokutora mafaera nema hard drive kubva kuCentral Bureau of Statistics, Ministry of Education, yeMari, yehutano, nzvimbo dzetsika, kuparadza mahofisi nemaraibhurari, zvese se nzira yekudzikisira hupenyu hwePalestine hwakabatana kusvika padanho rekare.
Handidi kudzokorora kutsoropodza kwangu kwemaitiro aArafat kana kutadza kwehutongi hwake hunosiririsa panguva yenhaurirano dzeOslo uye pashure. Ndakazviita kwenguva yakareba pano nekumwewo. Pamusoro paizvozvo, pandinonyora murume akarembera kuupenyu namazino ake; nzvimbo yake inoputsika muRamallah ichiri yakakombwa apo Sharon anoita zvose zvaanogona kumukuvadza kuti aite kuti aurayiwe. Chinondinetsa ipfungwa yese yekuchinja kwehutongi setarisiro inoyevedza kune vanhu, pfungwa uye masangano ane asymmetrically ane simba kupfuura vavengi vavo. Kufunga kwerudzii kunoita kuti zvive nyore kufunga nezvesimba guru rehondo sekupa marezenisi shanduko yezvematongerwo enyika neyemagariro pamwero usingafungidzirwe kare, uye kuita kudaro tisina hanya nekuvadziko pamwero mukuru uyo shanduko yakadaro inosanganisirwa? Uye sei tarisiro yekusaunza njodzi yakawanda yekukuvadzwa kudivi remunhu inomutsa fungidziro dzakawanda uye dzichiripo pamusoro pekuvhiyiwa, hondo yakachena, nzvimbo dzehondo dzehunyanzvi, kushandura mepu yese, kugadzira democracy nezvimwe zvakadaro, zvese izvi zvichipa mukana. pfungwa dzemasimbaose, kupukuta dombo, uye kuve mukutonga kwekupedzisira kwezvinei kudivi re "redu"?
Munguva yemazuva ano yeAmerica mushandirapamwe wekuchinja kwehutongi muIraq, vanhu veIraq, ruzhinji rwavo rwakabhadhara mutengo wakashata muhurombo, kushaya chikafu uye hurwere nekuda kwe10 makore ezvirango, avo vakadonha vasingaonekwe. Izvi zvinonyatsoenderana neUS Middle East mutemo wakavakirwa sezvazviri pambiru mbiri dzakasimba, chengetedzo yeIsrael uye kuwanda kwemafuta asingadhure. Iwo akaomesesa echinyakare, zvitendero, tsika, madzinza, uye nhoroondo dzinoumba nyika dzeArabhu - kunyanya muIraq - kunyangwe kuvepo kwenyika-nyika dzine vatongi vanodzvinyirirwa, dzakarasika kune US neIsrael hurongwa hwekuronga. Iine nhoroondo yemakore 5000, Iraq inonyanya kufungidzirwa se "kutyisidzira" kune vavakidzani vayo iyo, mumamiriro ayo ekusasimba uye yakakombwa, inzvimbo isina maturo, kana se "kutyisidzira" kurusununguko nekuchengetedzeka. United States, izvo zvakanyanya zvisina musoro. Ini handisi kuzotombozvinetsa pano kuti ndiwedzere mhosva dzangu dzaSaddam Hussein semunhu anotyisa: Ndichazvitora sezvinei kuti anofanirwa nechero mwero wese kudzingwa uye kurangwa. Kupfuura zvose, iye anotyisidzira vanhu vake amene.
Zvakadaro kubvira nguva isati yatanga Gulf War, mufananidzo weIraq senyika huru, yakabudirira uye yakasiyana-siyana yeArab yakanyangarika; mufananidzo watekeshera munhaurirano dzenhau nemutemo ndewenyika yerenje ine vanhu vane hutsinye vanotungamirirwa naSaddam. Kuti kuderedzwa kweIraq ikozvino, semuenzaniso, kwakapotsa kwaparadza indasitiri yekutsikisa mabhuku echiArab zvichipihwa kuti Iraq yakapa nhamba huru yevaverengi munyika dzeArab, zvekuti yaive imwe yenyika shoma dzeArab dzine vanhu vakadzidza uye vanokwanisa nyanzvi dzepakati. , kuti ine mafuta, mvura uye ivhu rakaorera, kuti yakagara iri muzinda wetsika yenyika dzeArabhu (umambo hweAbbasid nemabhuku ayo makuru, uzivi, mapurani, sainzi uye mushonga waiva mupiro weIraqi uchiri hwaro hweArab. tsika), kuti kune mamwe maArabu ronda rekubuda ropa rekutambura kweIraqi, sevarwi vemabhiza vePalestine, rave bviro yekusuwa kumaArabu nemaMuslim zvakafanana - zvese izvi hazvina kumbotaurwa. Nzvimbo dzayo dzakakura dzemafuta, zvakadaro, uye, sekupokana kunoenda, kana "isu" tikavatora kubva kuSaddam tikavabata hatizovimbi nemafuta eSaudi. Izvowo hazviwanzo kutaurwa sechikonzero mumakakatanwa akasiyana ari kunetsa Congress yeUS uye vezvenhau. Asi zvakakosha kutaura kuti yechipiri kuSaudi Arabia, Iraq ine matura makuru emafuta pasi pano, uye mafuta anosvika 1.1 madhora madhora - mazhinji ayo akatoitwa naSaddam kuRussia, France, nedzimwe nyika shoma - dzine yave iripo kuIraq ivavariro yakakosha yezano reUS, chimwe chinhu chakashandiswa neIraq National Congress sehwamanda nevashandisi vemafuta vasiri vekuUS. (Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezve izvi zvese ona Michael Klare, "Oiling the Wheels of War," The Nation, 7 Gumiguru). Kukurukurirana kwakanaka pakati paPutin naBush kune chekuita nehuwandu hwechikamu cheiyo mafuta makambani eUS anoda kuvimbisa Russia. Izvi zvinototiyeuchidza nezvemabhiriyoni matatu emadhora akapihwa naBush Senior kuRussia. Vese maBush mabhizinesi emafuta mushure mezvose, uye vane hanya zvakanyanya nerudzi irworwo rwekuverenga pane zvavanoita nezvenzvimbo dzakatetepa dzezvematongerwo enyika dzekuMiddle East, sekuparadzazve zvivakwa zveIraq.
Saka danho rekutanga mukubvisa hunhu hweanovengwa Mumwe kudzikisa hupenyu hwake kune mashoma anodzokororwa akadzokororwa mitsara yakapfava, mifananidzo uye pfungwa. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kubhomba muvengi pasina kuvhunduka. Mushure meGunyana 11, izvi zvave nyore kuIsrael neUS kuita nemaPalestine nemaIraqi sevanhu. Chinhu chakakosha kucherechedzwa ndechekuti nekuremedza kwakanyanya mutemo mumwechete uye wakaomesesa, maviri, kana matatu nhanho chirongwa chinoiswa pamberi kunyanya nemaAmerican maIsrael mamwechete. MuUS, sekunyora kwaJason Vest mukati The Nation (Gunyana 2/9), varume vanobva kubapiro rekurudyi reJewish Institute for National Security (JINSA) neCentre for Security Policy (CSP) vanogara Pentagon neDhipatimendi reHurumende, kusanganisira iyo inotungamirwa naRichard Perle (akagadzwa naWolfowitz uye Rumsfeld). Kuchengetedzeka kweIsrael neAmerica kwakaenzana, uye JINSA inoshandisa "yakawanda bhajeti yayo ichitora mauto eUS akarega basa uye admirals kuIsrael". Pavanodzoka, vanonyora op-eds uye vanoonekwa paTV vachigadzira mutsara weLikud. nguva magazini yakamhanyisa chidimbu paPentagon's Defence Policy Board, vazhinji venhengo dzavo dzakatorwa kubva kuJINSA neCSP, mune yayo 23 Nyamavhuvhu ine musoro unoti "Mukati meChakavanzika War Council".
Nekudivi rake, Sharon akadzokorora kutaura kuti kurwisa hugandanga hwePalestine kwakafanana nehondo yekuAmerica yehugandanga kazhinji, Osama Bin Laden neAl-Qa'eda kunyanya. Uye ivo, anodaro, vari chikamu cheTerrorist International imwe cheteyo inosanganisira maMuslim akawanda muAsia, Africa, Europe, neNorth America, kunyangwe kana huipi hwaBush huchiita senge hwakatarisana neIraq, Iran neNorth. Korea. Ikozvino kune nyika dze132 dzine imwe rudzi rwekuvapo kwemauto eAmerica, zvese zvakabatana nehondo yehugandanga, iyo inoramba isina kutsanangurwa uye inoyangarara kuitira kuti irove zvakanyanya manyawi ekuda nyika uye kutya nerutsigiro rwechiuto kumberi, uko zvinhu. kubva pakuipa kuenda pakuipisisa. Nzvimbo dzose huru dzeWest Bank neGaza dzinogarwa nemauto eIsrael anogara achiuraya uye / kana kuchengetedza maPalestine nekuda kwekuti "vanofungidzirwa" magandanga nevarwi; nenzira yakafanana, dzimba nezvitoro zvinowanzoputswa nechikonzero chokuti zvinovanda mafekitari anobhomba, masero amagandanga, uye nzvimbo dzemisangano dzevarwi. Hapana humbowo hunopihwa, hapana anobvunzwa nevatori venhau vanobvuma kudomwa kweIsrael pasina kugunun'una.
Kapeti yakakura kwazvo yekusaziva uye yekubvisa saka yakaradzikwa pasi rese reArab nyika nekuedza uku pakubvisa hunhu. Zvinoonekwa neziso nenzeve kutya, kunyanyisa, mhirizhonga, ruvengo rwerusununguko, kusachengeteka uye, chekupedzisira, zvombo zvekuparadza kukuru (WPD) izvo zvinozowanikwa kwete kwatinoziva kuti vari uye vasina kumbotsvaga (muIsrael, Pakistan. , India uye zviri pachena kuti US pakati pevamwe) asi munzvimbo dzekufungidzira dzezvikwata zvemagandanga, maoko aSaddam, chikwata chehupenzi, etc. Chimiro chinogara chiri mumakapeti ndechokuti maArabu anovenga Israeri nevaJudha pasina chimwe chikonzero kunze kwekuti vanovenga America. zvakare. Zvichida Iraq ndiyo muvengi anotyisa weIsrael nekuda kwehupfumi hwenyika uye zviwanikwa zvevanhu; MaPalestine anotyisa nekuti vanomira munzira yekuzara kweIsrael hegemony uye kugara pasi. VaIsrael verudyi vakaita saSharon vanomiririra pfungwa yeGreater Israel vachiti nhoroondo yese yePalestine semusha wemaJuda vakanyanya kubudirira pakuita kuti maonero avo edunhu ive guru pakati pevatsigiri veIsrael veUS. Tsanangudzo yakaitwa naUzi Landau, gurukota rezvekuchengetedzwa kwemukati meIsrael (uye nhengo yeLikkud Party) paUS TV zhizha rino akataura kuti kutaura kwese kwe "basa" kwaive kupusa. Isu tiri vanhu vanouya kumusha. Haana kana kumbobvunzwa nezve pfungwa iyi inoshamisa naMort Zuckerman, mugadziri wechirongwa ichi, zvakare muridzi we US News uye World Report uye mutungamiri weDare reVatungamiri veMasangano Makuru echiJudha. Asi, mutori wenhau weIsrael Alex Fishman, mukati Yediot Aharanot yaGunyana 6, inotsanangura "mazano echimurenga" aCondoleeza Rice, Rumsfeld (uyo zvino anorevawo "dzinonzi nzvimbo dzakagarwa"), Cheney, Paul Wolfowitz, Douglas Feith naRichard Perle (avo vakapa chidzidzo chakashata cheRand chinotsanangura Saudi Arabia. semuvengi neEgypt semubairo weAmerica munyika dzemaArab) sehawkish inotyisa nekuti vanokurudzira shanduko yehutongi munyika dzese dzemaArabu. Fishman anotora mashoko aSharon achiti boka iri, vazhinji vacho inhengo dzeJINSA neCCP, uye vakabatana neAIPAC yakabatana neWashington Institute of Near East Affairs, inotonga kufunga kwaBush (kana riri iro shoko rakakodzera pazviri); anoti, "padivi peshamwari dzedu dzekuAmerica Effi Eitam [imwe yevakuru veIsrael vakaoma-maraini vasingazvidembi] injiva yakakwana."
Imwe, inonyanya kutyisa yeiyi chirevo chisina kupokana chekuti kana "isu" tikasabvisa hugandanga (kana chero mumwe angangoita muvengi), isu tichaparadzwa. Uyu ndiwo musimboti wehurongwa hwekuchengetedza hweUS hunogara huchiridzwa mubvunzurudzo uye hurukuro dzinoratidzwa naRice, Rumsfeld naBush pachake. Chirevo chepamutemo chemaonero aya chakaonekwa nguva pfupi yapfuura muNational Security Strategy yeUnited States, bepa repamutemo rakagadzirirwa sechiratidziro chepamusoro-soro chehurongwa hutsva hwehutongi, mushure meCold War. Kufungidzira kwekushanda ndekwekuti isu tinorarama munyika ine njodzi yakasarudzika ine network yevavengi iyo iripo, ine mafekitori, mahofisi, nhamba dzisingaperi dzenhengo, uye kuti hupenyu hwayo hwese hwakapihwa kuparadza "isu", kunze kwekunge tinovatora kutanga. Izvi ndizvo zvinogadzira uye zvinopa pamutemo kuhondo yehugandanga uye paIraq, iyo iyo Congress neUN zvava kukumbirwa kupa chibvumirano.
Vanhu vane hushamwari nemapoka aripo, hongu, uye mazhinji acho anowanzo farira kukuvadza neimwe nzira Israel kana US. Nekune rimwe divi, Israel neUS dzinoonekwa zvakanyanya munyika dzeIslam neArab kutanga nekugadzira vanodaidzwa kunzi jihadi mhirizhonga avo Bin Laden ane mukurumbira, uye chechipiri chepamusoro-soro mutemo wepasirese uye zvisungo zveUN mukutsvaga. yemitemo yavo yehuvengo neinoparadza munyika idzodzo. David Hirst anonyora muna a muchengeti koramu yakanyorwa kuCairo kuti kunyange maArabu anopikisa hutongi hwavo hwehudzvanyiriri “vachazviona [kurwiswa kweIraq neUS sechiito chechisimba chisina kunangana neIraq chete, asi nenyika yose yechiArab; uye chichaita kuti zvisatsungiririke zvikuru ndezvekuti zvichaitirwa Israeri, iyo kutora nhumbi huru yezvombo zvekuparadza kukuru kunoratidzika kunge kunotenderwa sezvo yavo inonyangadza” (6 Sept).
Ndiri kutaurawo kuti pane imwe rondedzero yePalestine uye, kubva pakati pe1980s, kuda kwakarongeka kuita runyararo neIsrael izvo zvinopesana nekutyisidzira kwazvino kwehugandanga kunomiririrwa neAl-Qa'eda kana kutyisidzira kwenhema. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti zvakaitwa naSaddam Hussein, murume anotyisa hongu, asi asingakwanisi kurwa hondo yepakati penyika; apo neapo chete ndipo panobvumwa nehutungamiriri kuti angangove tyisidziro kuna Israeri, asi zvinoita sechimwe chezvivi zvake zvikuru. Hapana nomumwe wevavakidzani vake anomuona setyisidziro. MaPalestine neIraq vanosangana nenzira iyi isinga nzwisisike kuitira kuti vaumbe njodzi inosimbiswa nevezvenhau nguva nenguva. Nyaya zhinji nezve maPalestine anooneka munyoro uye ane simba rekutenderera-kutenderera mabhuku senge The New Yorker uye The New York Times inoratidza vanhu vokuPalestine sevagadziri mabhomba, vabatsiri, vabhomba vanozviuraya, uye izvozvo chete. Hapana kana chimwe chezvinyorwa izvi chakaburitsa chero chinhu kubva pamaonero echiArab kubvira 9/11. Hapana zvachose.
Zvekuti kana manejimendi aita senge Dennis Ross (ari kutungamira divi raClinton renhaurirano dzeOslo, asi pamberi uye mushure mekuita kwake basa iri nhengo yemubatanidzwa weIsrael) anoramba achiti maPalestine vakaramba chipo cheIsrael kuCamp. David, ari kukanganisa chokwadi, izvo sezvine simba zvakaratidza, ndezvekuti Israeri yakabvuma nzvimbo dzisingabatanidzi dzePalestine dzine nzvimbo dzekuchengetedza dzeIsrael uye nzvimbo dzekugara dzakavatenderedza vese uye pasina muganho wakafanana pakati pePalestine nechero nyika yeArab (semuenzaniso, Egypt. kumaodzanyemba, Jorodhani kumabvazuva). Nei mashoko akadai sekuti “rupo” uye “kupa” achifanira kushanda kunharaunda inobatwa zvisiri pamutemo nesimba rinogara richipesana nemutemo wenyika dzakawanda nezvisungo zveUN, hapana akambozvinetsa kubvunza. Asi nekupihwa simba revenhau rekudzokorora, kudzokorora uye kudonhedza zvirevo zviri nyore, pamwe nekuedza kusaneta kwevamiriri veIsrael kuti vadzokorore pfungwa imwe cheteyo - Dennis Ross pachake anga akaomerwa mumwechete mukusimbirira pamanyepo aya - atovharwa. panzvimbo iyo vaPalestine vakasarudza "kutyisa pachinzvimbo cherunyararo". Hamas neIslam Jihad hazvionekwi se (zvichida rakarasika) chikamu chekurwira kwePalestine kubvisa kutorwa kwemauto eIsrael, asi sechikamu chechido chePalestine chekutyisidzira, kutyisidzira, uye kuve njodzi. Kufanana neIraq.
Chero zvazvingaitika, nehutongi hweUS hutsva uye husingafungidzike humbowo hwekuti Iraq yekunyika yanga ichipa nzvimbo yekutandarira uye kudzidziswa kune inopenga yehumwari yeAl-Qa'eda, nyaya yaSaddam inoita kunge yakavharwa. Kubvumirana kwehurumende (asi pasina nzira isingapikiswe) ndeyekuti sezvo vaongorori veUN vasingakwanisi kuziva zvaanazvo zveWMD, zvaakavanza uye zvaangangodaro achiri kuita, anofanira kurwiswa nekubviswa. Chinhu chose chekuenda kuUN kuti apihwe mvumo kubva kuUS maonero ndechekuwana sarudzo yakaoma uye inorangira zvekuti kunyangwe Saddam Hussein akatevedzera here kana kuti kwete achave nemhosva yekutyora "mutemo wenyika" zvekuti kuvapo kuchaita kuti hurumende yemauto ichinje. Mukupera kwaGunyana, nerumwe rutivi, muchisarudzo cheSecurity Council chakapasiswa pamwe chete (neUS kurambidza), Israel yakarairwa kuti ipedze kukomba kwayo kombi yeArafat's Ramallah uye kuti ibve munzvimbo yePalestine yakagarwa zvisiri pamutemo kubva munaKurume (iyo yave chikonzero cheIsrael. "kuzvidzivirira"). Israel yakaramba kutevedzera, uye chikonzero cheUS chekuti US isaite zvakawanda kumanikidza kunyangwe chinzvimbo chayo chakataurwa ndechekuti "isu" tinonzwisisa kuti Israel inofanirwa kudzivirira vagari vayo. Nei UN ichifanirwa kutsvakwa mune imwe chiitiko, ichifuratirwa mune imwe, ndechimwe chekusawirirana uko iyo US inongopinda mairi.
Boka diki remashoko asina kuongororwa uye akazvigadzira ega akadai sekufungidzira kuregererwa kana kudzivirira kuzvidzivirira akasungwa naDonald Rumsfeld nevamwe vake kunyengetedza veruzhinji kuti gadziriro dzehondo neIraq kana chero imwe nyika inoda "shanduko yehurumende" (kana kuti, kumwe kutaura kusingawanzoitiki, “kuparadzwa kunovaka”) kunotsigirwa nepfungwa yokuzvidzivirira. Veruzhinji vanochengetedzwa pamatenderook nekudzokororwa dzvuku kana orenji nyevero, vanhu vanokurudzirwa kuzivisa vezvemitemo nezve "kufungidzira" maitiro, uye zviuru zvevaMuslim, maArabu neveSouth Asia vakasungwa, uye mune dzimwe nguva vakasungwa vachifungidzirwa. Zvese izvi zvinoitwa pakuda kwemutungamiri wenyika sechikamu chekuda nyika nerudo rweAmerica. Handisati ndakwanisa kunzwisisa zvinorehwa nekuda nyika (muUS yezvematongerwo enyika hurukuro, rudo rweIsrael zvakare mutsara wemazuva ano) asi zvinoita sekureva kusingabvunzi kuvimbika kwemapofu kune masimba aripo, ane zvakavanzika, evasiveness uye nemaune. kuramba kushamwaridzana neveruzhinji vakasvinura, izvo parizvino zvisingaite senge zvamutswa kuita zvinoenderana kana kurongeka, zvakavanza kushata nekuparadza kwese Iraq neMiddle East mutemo weBush administration.
IUnited States ine simba kwazvo kana ichienzaniswa nedzimwe nyika huru zhinji dzakasanganiswa zvekuti haigone kumanikidzwa kana kumanikidzwa kuteerera chero hurongwa hwepasi rose hwekuzvibata, hapana kana munyori wayo wehurumende angada. Pamwe chete nekusanzwisisika kwekuti "isu" tinofanirwa kuenda kuhondo neIraq 7000 mamaira kure, nhaurirano yemutemo wekunze inobvisa vamwe vanhu vechero gobvu kana chaivo, kuzivikanwa kwevanhu; Iraq neAfghanistan inoonekwa kubva kumabhomba ezvombo zvehungwaru kana paterevhizheni zviri nani chess board iyo "isu" tinosarudza kupinda, kuparadza, kuvakazve, kana kusada, pamadiro. Izwi rekuti "hugandanga", pamwe nehondo iri pairi, rinoshanda zvakanaka kufambisira mberi manzwiro aya sezvo tichienzanisa nevakawanda vekuEurope, ruzhinji rwevanhu vekuAmerica havana kana kusangana kana ruzivo rwekugara nenyika dzeMuslim nevanhu uye nekudaro vanonzwa vasina pfungwa. yemararamiro ehupenyu ayo mushandirapamwe webhomba wakasimba (semuAfghanistan) waizobvarura kusvika padiki. Uye, zvinoonekwa sezvazviri, sekubuda kubva kupi kunze kwekubva kune mari yakanaka madrasas pahwaro hwe "chisarudzo" chevanhu vanovenga rusununguko rwedu uye vane godo nedemocracy yedu, hugandanga hunobata zvematongerwo enyika mumakakatanwa anonyanyisa, kana asina kumira zvakanaka, uye asiri ezvematongerwo enyika. Nhau nezvematongerwe enyika zvakanyangarika, zvose nemhaka yokuti ndangariro, chokwadi, uye kuvapo chaikoiko kwomunhu zvakaderedzwa nenzira inobudirira. Iwe haugone kutaura nezvekutambudzika kwePalestine kana kushushikana kweArab nekuti kuvepo kweIsrael muUS kunodzivirira. Pakuratidzira kwakasimba kweIsrael muna Chivabvu, Paul Wolfowitz akataura nezvekutambura kwePalestine achipfuura, asi akapopoterwa nezwi guru uye haana kuzombozvitaura zvakare.
Uyezve, mutemo wakabatana wekodzero dzevanhu kana mutemo wekutengeserana wakasununguka unoramba uchiomerera kune kusingaperi kwakasimbiswa kunaka kwekodzero dzevanhu, democracy, uye hupfumi hwakasununguka hwatinotenda nemutemo kuti tinomiririra hunogona kudzikisirwa mumusha nemapoka anofarira (sezvapupu pesvedzero. zvemadzinza ekukwezva, maindasitiri esimbi nedziviriro, zvitoro zveoiri, indasitiri yekurima, vanhu vakasiya basa, pfuti, kungotaura zvishoma). Imwe neimwe ye500 congressional district inomiririrwa muWashington, semuenzaniso, ine indasitiri yekudzivirira kana yekudzivirira mairi; saka sekutaura kwakaita Secretary of State, James Baker, Hondo yekutanga yeGulf isati yatanga, nyaya chaiyo muhondo yekurwisa Iraq yaive "mabasa". Kana zvasvika kune zvekunze, zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti chimwe chinhu chakaita se25-30 muzana (enzanisa icho ne15 muzana yevaAmerica vakamboenda kunze kwenyika) venhengo dzeCongress vanotova nemapasipoti, uye zvavanotaura kana kufunga. hainei nechekuita nenhoroondo, huzivi kana zvinangwa uye zvakawanda zvine chekuita neanofurira mushandirapamwe wenhengo, anotumira mari, nezvimwewo. Nhengo mbiri dzeImba dziripo, Earl Hilliard wekuAlabama naCynthia McKinney wekuGeorgia, vachitsigira kodzero yePalestine yekuzvitonga. uye vachitsoropodza Israeri, munguva pfupi yapfuura vakakundwa nevasina kujeka vaiwana mari nemari yaitaurwa pachena seNew York (kureva yemaJuda) mari yaibva kunze kwenyika dzavo. Vaviri vakakundwa vakashorwa nevepepanhau sevanonyanyisa uye vasingadi nyika.
Panyaya yemutemo weUS Middle East, muzinda weIsrael hauna wezera rako uye washandura bazi rezvemitemo rehurumende yeUS kuita iyo aimbove Senator Jim Abourezk akambodaidza kuti nharaunda inogarwa neIsrael. Hapana inofananidzwa neArab lobby iripo, ndoda kuita zvinobudirira. Senyaya yekuti Seneti inogara ichiburitsa zvisungo zvisina kukumbirwa zvinotumirwa kumutungamiri wenyika izvo zvinosimbisa, simbisa, kudzokorora rutsigiro rweAmerica kuIsrael. Paive nechisarudzo chakadaro muna Chivabvu, panguva chaiyo apo mauto eIsrael aive achitora uye achiparadza maguta makuru eWest Bank. Chimwe chezvipingamupinyi zveiyi madziro-kumadziro kutsigirwa kwemitemo yakanyanyisa yeIsrael ndeyekuti nekufamba kwenguva zvakangoipa kune ramangwana reIsrael senyika yeMiddle East. Tony Judt akanyatso pikisa nyaya iyi, achikurudzira kuti pfungwa dzeIsrael dzakafa dzekugara munyika yePalestine hapana kwadzinotungamira uye kungobvisa kusingadzivisike kubvisa.
Dingindira rose rehondo yekurwisa hugandanga rakabvumidza Israeri nevatsigiri vayo kuita mhosva dzehondo kurwisa vanhu vese vePalestine veWest Bank neGaza, 3.4 miriyoni yavo yave (sezvo mutsara unoenda) . Terje-Roed Larsen, anove akakosha maneja weUN munzvimbo dzakagarwa, achangobva kupa mushumo wekupomera Israeri nekukonzeresa dambudziko revanhu: kushaikwa kwemabasa kwasvika makumi matanhatu neshanu muzana, makumi mashanu muzana evagari vanorarama nemari isingasviki madhora maviri pazuva, uye upfumi, tisingatauri nezveupenyu hwevanhu, hwaparara. Mukuenzanisa neizvi, kutambura uye kusachengeteka kweIsrael kwakaderera zvakanyanya: hapana matangi ePalestine anogara chero chikamu cheIsrael, kana kunyange kupikisa pekugara kweIsrael. Mumavhiki maviri apfuura Israel yakauraya vanhu makumi manomwe neshanu vePalestine, vazhinji vavo vana, yakaputsa dzimba, yakadzinga vanhu, yakaparadza ivhu rekurima yakakosha, yakachengeta munhu wese ari mumba pasi pemaawa makumi masere ekudzoka panguva yakatambanudzwa, isingabvumidzwe vanhuwo zvavo kuburikidza nemigwagwa kana kubvumidza maamburenzi uye. medical aid kuburikidza, uye semazuva ose kudzima mvura nemagetsi. Zvikoro nemayunivhesiti hazvigone kushanda. Kunyange izvi zviri zviitiko zvezuva nezuva izvo, senge basa pacharo uye akawanda ezvisungo zveUN Security Council, zvave kushanda kwemakore angangoita 65, zvinotaurwa munhau dzeUS nguva nenguva, semagumo ezvinyorwa zvenguva refu nezvemakakatanwa ehurumende yeIsrael, kana kuti mabhomba ane ngozi okuzviuraya akaitika. Mutsara mudiki wekuti "kufungidzirwa hugandanga" ndiko kururamisa uye epitaph kune ani nani Sharon anosarudza kuuraya. IUS hairambi kunze kwemazwi akapfava, semuenzaniso, inoti, izvi hazvibatsire asi izvi zvinoita zvishoma kudzivirira kuuraya kunotevera.
Iye zvino tava pedyo nemwoyo wenyaya yacho. Nekuda kwezvido zveIsrael munyika ino, US Middle East mutemo saka Israelo-centric. Kubatana kwepashure-9/11 kunotyisa kwakaitika umo Christian Right, nzvimbo yeIsrael, uye hutongi hweBush husina chitendero chehondo inogadziriswa neo-conservative hawks vane maonero eMiddle East akazvipira kuparadzwa kwevavengi veIsrael. , iyo dzimwe nguva inopihwa euphemistic label yekudhirowazve mepu nekuunza shanduko yehutongi uye "democracy" kunyika dzeArab dzinonyanya kutyisidzira Israel. (Ona "Dynamics of World Disorder: Ndeupi Mwari Ari Kudivi Raani?" naIbrahim Warde, Le Monde Diplomatique, Gunyana 2002 uye "Vakazvarwa Patsva Zionist" naKen Silverstein naMichael Scherer, Amai Jones, Gumiguru 2002). Kurudziro yaSharon yekuvandudza kwePalestine ingori rimwe divi rekuedza kwake kuparadza maPalestine mune zvematongerwo enyika, shuviro yake yehupenyu hwese. Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Syria, kunyangwe Joridhani zvakatyisidzirwa zvakasiyana, kunyangwe, hurumende dzinotyisa kunyangwe dzingave, dzakachengetedzwa nekutsigirwa neUS kubva Hondo Yenyika II, sezvakaita Iraq.
Muchokwadi, zvinoita sezviri pachena kune chero munhu anoziva chero chinhu nezvenyika yeArab kuti nyika yayo yakashata inogona kuwedzera zvakanyanya kana US yatanga kurwisa Iraq. Vatsigiri vegwaro rehutongi vanombotaura zvinhu zvisina kujeka sekunakidza kwazvichave kana taunza demokrasi kuIraq nedzimwe nyika dzeArab, tisingatarise zvakanyanya kuti chii chaizvo, maererano nehupenyu hwehupenyu, izvo zvinorevei kune vanhu vanogara imomo. , kunyanya mushure mekurova kweB-52 kwabvarura ivhu nedzimba dzavo zvisingaite. Handikwanise kufungidzira kuti kune muArabu mumwechete kana Iraqi asingade kuona Saddam Hussein achibviswa. Zvese zvinoratidza kuti mauto eUS/Israel aita kuti zvinhu zvinyanye kuipa zuva nezuva kuvanhuwo zvavo, asi ichi hachisi chinhu mukuenzanisa nekushushikana kunotyisa, kukanganisa kwepfungwa uye kukanganisa kwezvematongerwo enyika kwakaiswa munharaunda dzavo.
Nhasi kana vanopikisa vekuIraq vekune dzimwe nyika vagara vachipfimbwa nevaviri veUS manejimendi, kana vatungamiriri vakasiyana veUS vakaita saTommy Franks, vane kuvimbika kwakanyanya sevatongi vepashure pehondo yeIraq. Uye hazviratidzike kunge paine kufunga kwakawanda kwakapihwa kune izvo Iraq ichada kana hutongi hwashandurwa, kana vatambi vemukati vatanga kufamba zvakare, kana Baath yabviswa. Zvingave zvakadaro kuti kunyangwe mauto eIraq haachasimudze munwe muhondo akamiririra Saddam. Sezvineiwo, mumusangano uchangobva mukunzwa vatungamiriri vatatu veCentral Command yeUS, vakaratidza zvakakomba uye, ndingati, kusagutsikana nenjodzi yechiitiko ichi sezvo chiri kurongwa zvechiuto. Asi kunyangwe kusahadzika ikoko hakugadzirise zvakakwana kusawirirana kwemukati menyika uye kusimba kwechitendero, kunyanya mushure memakore makumi matatu anoremadza pasi peBaath Party, zvirango zveUN, uye hondo huru mbiri (nhatu kana uye kana US ichirwisa). Hapana muUS, hapana kana munhu ane pfungwa chaiyo yezvingaitika muIraq, kana Saudi Arabia, kana Egypt kana kupindira kukuru kwemauto kuchiitika. Zvakakwana kuziva, uyezve kubvunda, kuti Fouad Ajami naBernard Lewis ndivo varairidzi vaviri vakuru venyanzvi. Vese vari vaviri vane hutsinye uye nepfungwa vanopesana neArab pamwe nekushorwa nevazhinji vavanoshanda navo mumunda. Lewis haasati ambogara munyika yeArab, uye zvaanotaura pamusoro pazvo imarara anopindura; Ajami anobva kuSouth Lebanon, murume aimbove mutsigiri anofambira mberi wekurwisa kwePalestine iye zvino atendeukira kuKurudyi uye akatsigira Zionism neAmerican imperialism pasina kuverengera.
9/11 inogona kunge yakapa nguva yekufungisisa kwenyika uye kufungisisa nezvemutemo wekunze weUS mushure mekuvhunduka kwehutsinye husingafungirwe. Hugandanga hwakadai sehuya hunoda kutariswa uye kubatwa nesimba, asi semaonero angu zvinogara zvichikonzerwa nemhinduro ine simba inofanirwa kutanga yatariswa, kwete kungopindura kwechimbichimbi, kwekufungidzira uye kwechisimba. Hapana angapokana nhasi, kunyangwe mushure mekurwiswa kweTaliban, kuti Afghanistan ikozvino yave nzvimbo iri nani uye yakachengeteka zvakanyanya kubva pakuona kwevagari venyika vachiri kutambudzika. Kuvaka nyika hakusi iko kwekutanga kweUS ipapo sezvo dzimwe hondo munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzichikwevera kutarisa kure nenhandare yehondo yekupedzisira. Kunze kwezvo, zvinorevei kuti vanhu vekuAmerica vavake nyika ine tsika nenhoroondo yakasiyana neyavo seIraq? Nyika dzechiArab pamwe neUnited States inzvimbo dzakanyanya kuoma uye dzakasimba kupfuura mamiriro ehondo uye mitsara inonzwika nezvekuvaka patsva ingabvumira. Izvi zviri pachena mukurwiswa kwemashure kweUS kuAfghanistan.
Kuita kuti zvinhu zvinyanye kuomesa zvinhu, kune manzwi anopokana ane huremu hukuru mutsika dzechiArab nhasi, uye kune mafambiro ekuvandudza kumativi makuru. Ndizvo zvakafanana neUnited States uko, kutonga kubva pane zvandakasangana nazvo munguva pfupi yapfuura ndichidzidzisa pamakampasi akasiyana-siyana, vagari vazhinji vari kunetseka nezvehondo, vane shungu yekuziva zvakawanda, pamusoro pezvose, vane shungu yekusaenda kuhondo nechisimba chamesia uye nezvinangwa zvisina kujeka. mupfungwa. Zvichakadaro, se The Nation ichiisa muchikamu chayo chekupedzisira, nyika inofamba ichienda kuhondo sekunge iri muhope, nepo paine nhamba inowedzera yezvisizvo, Congress yakangosiya basa rayo rekumiririra kufarira kwevanhu. Semunhu akararama mukati metsika mbiri idzi hupenyu hwangu hwese, zvinokatyamadza kuti kupokana kwebudiriro, iyo pfungwa yekudzikisa uye yakashata zvakanyanya mufashoni izvozvi, yatora pfungwa nekuita. Chatinofanira kuisa panzvimbo yehurongwa hwepasi rose hwekunzwisisa uye kubata naSaddam Hussein pamwe naSharon, vatongi veMyanmar, Syria, Turkey, uye ruzhinji rwenyika idzo uko kudzvinyirirwa kunotsungirirwa pasina kupokana kwakakwana. Kuputsa dzimba, kurwadziswa, kunyimwa kodzero yedzidzo zvinofanirwa kupikiswa pese pazvinoitika. Ini handizive imwe nzira yekugadzira patsva kana kudzoreredza hurongwa asi kuburikidza nedzidzo, uye kusimudzira nhaurirano yakavhurika, kuchinjana uye kutendeka kwehungwaru iyo isingazove nerori rine zvikumbiro zvakavanzwa kana majagoni ehondo, mhirizhonga yechitendero, uye pre-emptive. "defense". Asi izvo zvinosuwisa zvinotora nguva yakareba, uye kutonga kubva kuhurumende dzeUS neUK, mumwe wake mudiki, haahwine mavhoti. Tinofanira kuita zvose zvatinogona kumutsa nhaurirano uye mibvunzo inonyadzisa, nokudaro tichideredza uye pakupedzisira kumisa kudzokera kuhondo iyo yave yava dzidziso uye kwete kungoita tsika.
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
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