'VaPalestine vanofanira kurohwa uye zvinofanira kunge zvichirwadza. Tinofanira kuvakonzera kurasikirwa, vakakuvadzwa, kuti vanzwe mutengo unorema'.
Ariel Sharon, Mutungamiriri weIsrael, achitaura nevatori venhau musi wa5 Kurume 2002
Kubva 27 Kukadzi 2002 iyo Israel Defence Forces (IDF) yakatanga masaisai maviri ekupinda munzvimbo dzePalestine dzakagarwa neIsrael muna 1967, vachishandisa matangi, vatakuri vemauto (APCs) uye Apache helicopter. Mumavhiki matanhatu kusvika 11 Kubvumbi 2002 vanopfuura 600 Palestinians vanogona kunge vakaurayiwa uye vanopfuura zviuru zvitatu vakakuvadzwa.
Chinangwa chakaziviswa chekupindirwa muNzvimbo Dzakagarwa, izvo zvaienderera mberi sekunyorwa kwayakaitwa, yaive, maererano nechidimbu chemusi wa 1 Kurume 2002 neMukuru wechikamu cheWest Bank Brigadier General Yitzhak Gershon:
- 'Kujekesa kuti hapana uye haizove nzvimbo yakachengetedzeka yemagandanga nevanovatumira. Chinangwa chedu ndechekuparadza zvivako zvekutyisa mumisasa yevapoteri, kana vakawanikwa.'
Akawedzera kuti:
- 'Zvakakosha kujekesa kuti chiitiko ichi hachina kuitirwa vanhu vasingabatanidzwe nehugandanga. Taita zvose zvatinogona kudzivirira kukuvadza vanhuwo zvavo.'
Nekudaro, iyo IDF yakaita sekunge chinangwa chikuru chaive chekuranga maPalestine ese. Zviito zvakatorwa neIDF iyo yakanga isina zvakajeka kana zvakajeka zvinodiwa zvehondo; zvizhinji zveizvi, zvakaita sekuuraya zvisiri pamutemo, kuparadzwa kwemidziyo nekuvharirwa munhu pasina, kurwadziswa nekubatwa zvisina kunaka, kutyora kodzero dzevanhu pasi rose nemutemo werubatsiro. IDF yakaisa mutemo wakasimba wekudzoka kumba uye vakauraya nekukuvadza maPalestine ane zvombo. Asi vakaurayawo nekunangisa vashandi vekurapa nevatapi venhau, uye vakapfura zvisina tsarukano mudzimba uye nevanhu mumigwagwa. Kusungwa kwevanhu vakawanda pasina chikonzero kwaiitwa nenzira yakarongedzerwa kudzikisira vasungwa.
Vamiriri veAmnesty International, vakashanyira nzvimbo iyi pakati pe13 ne21 Kurume, vakaona nzira yekuparadza: misha, zvitoro uye zvivakwa zvakaputswa kana kukuvara; dzimba dzakaraswa uye dzakapambwa; motokari dzakapwanywa uye mbariro dzemarambi, madziro nembiru dzezvitoro zvakapwanywa. IDF yakanga yacheka nemaune tambo dzemagetsi nenhare nemapombi emvura, nzvimbo yose isina magetsi nemvura kwemazuva mapfumbamwe. David Holley, nyanzvi yemauto akazvimirira, mumwe wevamiriri veAmnesty International, akati:
- 'Kuitwa kwemauto kwataongorora kunoratidzika kunge kusiri kuitirwa mauto asi kuti kushungurudza, kunyadzisa, kutyisidzira nekukuvadza vanhu vePalestine. Pamwe mauto eIsrael haana kurongeka zvakanyanya kana kuti akarairwa kuita zviito zvinotyora mitemo yehondo.. '
Kupinda kwekutanga kwakapedzwa nekufamba zvishoma nezvishoma uye zvishoma kweIsrael mushure mekusvika kwemumiriri weUS Anthony Zinni musi wa14 Kurume. Zvakadaro, kuparadzwa nekutyorwa kwakanyanya kwekodzero dzevanhu kwakaitwa neIDF pakati pa27 Kukadzi na20 Kurume (apo IDF yakazobuda munzvimbo dzakapoteredza Bethlehema) kwakasvika padanho rakanga risati ramboonekwa panguva yechipiri yekurwiswa kwemauto, 'Operation Defensive Wall', yakatanga. musi wa 29 Kurume 2002 nekurwiswa kwemahofisi makuru eMutungamiri Yasser Arafat muRamallah. IDF yakapararira nemuRamallah, ichibva yapinda muBethlehem, Tulkarem neQalqiliya kubva 1 Kubvumbi, ichiteverwa naJenin naNablus kubva muhusiku hwa3 na4 Kubvumbi. Mataundi akanzi inzvimbo dzechiuto dzakavharwa, nemutemo wakatemerwa wekudzoka kumba kune vari mukati memataundi. IDF yakaratidza kusaremekedza kwakapararira hupenyu, mutemo nemidziyo. Vanhu vanobva kunze kwenzvimbo dzakapindirwa nechisimba, kusanganisira vatori venhau, masangano eUnited Nations, vamwe vashandi vanoyamura vanhu uye kunyange vamiriri, vakatadziswa kuwana mukana wekupa rubatsiro kana kutaura nezvezviri kuitika.
Nemaguta makuru matanhatu nemisha mizhinji yakakombwa, yakavharwa kubva kunze kwenyika, uye nekufamba mukati memataundi kwakarambidzwa, njodzi yerubatsiro yakauya sezvo chikafu nemvura zvakapera kune vazhinji vePalestine. Ma ambulensi, kusanganisira ayo eInternational Committee yeRed Cross (ICRC), haana kubvumidzwa kufamba kana kutambura kunonoka kwenguva refu uye kutyisidzira hupenyu. Vashandi vezvokurapa kana avo vakaedza kubatsira vakakuvara vakapfurwa uye vakakuvara vakabuda ropa kusvikira vafa mumugwagwa. Nokufamba kwairambidzwa, avo vakafa vaisagona kuvigwa zvakafanira; vakaramba vari mudzimba kana kuti mumochari kana kuti vakavigwa nokukurumidza munzvimbo dzokupaka motokari kana kuti mapindu. Mumazuva gumi kusvika 10 Kubvumbi, maererano nenhamba dzeIDF, 7 Palestinians vakaurayiwa uye 200 vakakuvadzwa; pana 1,500 Kubvumbi IDF yakabvuma kuti nhamba chaidzo dzeavo vakaurayiwa vaiva mumazana muJenin chete. Sezvo IDF yakaedza kuchengetedza vatori venhau nevekunze kure nenzvimbo dzavaiitira, mishumo mizhinji yekutyorwa kwekodzero dzevanhu kwakakura neIDF, kusanganisira kuurayiwa zvisiri pamutemo, kudzingwa, kuparadzwa kukuru kwedzimba neIDF hazvina kusimbiswa. .(12) Pakutanga mhuri dzevaPalestine vakasungwa dzakanga dzisingazivi kwadzakanga dziri kana kuti kunyange vakanga vari vapenyu kana kuti vakafa. Musi wa1 Kubvumbi 11 nhamba dzepamutemo dzeIDF dzakataura kuti, kubva 2002 Kurume, vanopfuura mazana mana ePalestine vakasungwa uye vanopfuura mazana matatu nemakumi mashanu vaive muhusungwa. Murairo wemauto, wakapihwa muna Kubvumbi 29, wakarambidza kushanya kwevasungwa nemagweta kwemazuva gumi nemasere ekutanga muhusungwa.
Mukati memwedzi pamberi pe27 Kukadzi 12 vagari veIsrael vakaurayiwa nemapoka ePalestine ane zvombo. Kubva pakutanga kweiyo intifada, kunangwa kwevagari veIsrael nemapoka ePalestine ane zvombo uye vanhuwo zvavo, kuburikidza nemabhomba ekuzviuraya uye nekutyaira-nekupfura chave chinhu chinotyisa. Nekupinzwa kwekutanga kuwedzera kwakanyanya kwekubhomba kwevanhu vakazviuraya nemapoka ePalestine ane zvombo zvakaitika nemaune kunangana nevagari veIsrael. Pakati paKurume 2 naKubvumbi 1 vanhu vangangosvika makumi mana vakaurayiwa mukurwiswa kwakadaro. Kurwiswa uku kwaisanganisira kuuraiwa kwevaIzirairi gumi, kusanganisira vana vatanhatu, vakamira kunze kwesinagogi muBeit Yisrael; kuurayiwa kwe40 Kurume kwe10 maIsrael mune imwe cafe muWest Jerusalem; uye kuurayiwa kwevaIsrael makumi maviri nevatanhatu vachipemberera Paseka paPark Hotel muNetanya. Sangano reAmnesty International rashora zvikuru kuurayiwa kwevanhu nemaune nemapoka akapakatira zvombo vachiti kutyora kodzero yekurarama. Chirevo ichi chakanangana nekutyorwa kwekodzero dzevanhu kwakaperekedza kupinda kweIDF munzvimbo dzakabatwa mushure me9 Kukadzi. Kumwe kushungurudzwa, kusanganisira izvo zvakaitirwa vagari veIsrael nemapoka ePalestine ane zvombo, zvakagadziriswa uye zvichagadziriswa mune zvakasiyana zvirevo nemishumo. Hapana mhosva, zvisinei inotyisa, inogona kupembedza kusaremekedzwa kwekodzero dzevanhu pasi rose uye mutemo wevanhu unoitwa zuva nezuva muNzvimbo Dzakagarwa panguva yekupinzwa kwaFebruary 10 neIDF pasi pemirairo yehurumende yeIsrael inotungamirwa naMutungamiriri weAriel Sharon.
Background uye international standards
IWest Bank, East Jerusalem neGaza Strip zvakagarwa neIsrael muna 1967 mushure meHondo Yemazuva matanhatu. An intifada vePalestine vachipesana nekugara kweIsrael, kwakatanga muna 1987, kwakapera apo hurumende yeIsrael uye Yasser Arafat, Sachigaro wePalestine Liberation Organisation, vakasaina Declaration of Principles munaGunyana 1993. Zvisinei, kufambira mberi kushoma kana kusave kwaitwa panhaurirano idzi pakasvika Gunyana. 2000 apo hurukuro pakati pehurumende yeIsrael nePalestine Authority (PA) pakugadzirisa kwekupedzisira dzakadonha.
Wechipiri, kana kuti al-Aqsa, intifadha yakatanga apo kuratidzira uye mhirizhonga nevaPalestine vakasangana nechisimba chinouraya nemapurisa eIsrael pa30 Gunyana 2000 munzvimbo ye al-Aqsa musikiti muJerusarema. Izvi zvakakonzera nhevedzano yekuratidzira nemhirizhonga yePalestine idzo dzakasanganawo nechisimba chinouraya. Pakazopera 2000 vanopfuura mazana matatu vePalestine vakanga vauraiwa, zvikuru neIDF vachishandisa simba rakanyanyisa kusanganisira simba rinouraya apo humwe hupenyu hwakanga husiri munjodzi.(300)
Kubva muna Ndira 2001, IDF yakaramba ichirwisa, ichirwisa nzvimbo dzePalestine (kusanganisira nzvimbo dziri pasi pekutonga kwePalestine), kupaza nekuputsa dzimba, nekuparadza minda yemichero nezvirimwa. Muna Kukadzi 2001 Ariel Sharon akasarudzwa kutsiva Ehud Barak seMutungamiriri weNyika. Pakupera kwa2001, huwandu hwevaPalestine vakaurayiwa hwakakwira kusvika pa750 uye pakupera kwaKukadzi 2002 kusvika vanopfuura chiuru. Vazhinji vePalestine vakaurayiwa neDF kupfura munzvimbo dzinogara vanhu, panguva yekuchinjana kwemoto kana kuurayiwa zvisiri pamutemo.
Nhengo dzemapoka ePalestine ane zvombo, kusanganisira Hamas, Fatah uye Martyrs of al-Aqsa, pamwe nevanhuwo zvavo, vakauraya nemaune vagari vemuIsrael, vachipfura mota dzine manhamba eIsrael mumigwagwa muWest Bank uye vakatanga kurwisa kwemabhomba ekuzviuraya kunonangana nevanhuwo zvavo, kazhinji mumakofi kana mashopu. Pakupera kwaFebruary 2002 vanopfuura mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu evaIsrael vakaurayiwa panguva ye intifada, voruzhinji vavo vanhuwo zvavo. Hurumende yeIsrael yakadana PA kuti isunge vanoronga kurwiswa kwevaIsrael, asi yakabhomba neApache helicopters uye F16s, kazhinji kakawanda mukutevedzana, nzvimbo dzePalestine kuchengetedza masevhisi.
Kugara kweIsrael kweWest Bank neGaza Strip kwave kuperekedzwa nekugadziriswa kunofambira mberi kweNzvimbo Dzakabatwa nemaJuda maIsrael. Mukupindura kurwiswa kwePalestine pavaIsrael, mutemo weIsrael wekuvharwa kwenzvimbo dzePalestine, kudzivirira maPalestine kufamba mukati meNzvimbo Dzakabatwa uye kunze kwadzo wakawedzera kusimba. Pakupera kwa2001 maroadblocks anodarika zana - nzvimbo dzekutarisa, mirwi yevhu kana zvivharo zvekongiri zvakamiswa neIDF - zvakapatsanura maguta nemisha yePalestine kubva kune mumwe nemumwe uye nekunze. Migwagwa mikuru mizhinji yakavharirwa vanhu vekuPalestine uye rwendo rwemakiromita makumi maviri runogona kutora maawa maviri mumigwagwa ine tsvina. Dzimwe nguva IDF yaivhara zvachose maguta nemisha, ichisiya pasina nzira yekubuda nayo. Vanosvika makumi matatu vekuPalestine vafa mushure mekunonoka kwakaitika munzvimbo dzekutarisa, kusanganisira vacheche vakaberekerwa mumigwagwa kana mushure mekufamba kwenguva refu.
Kudzvinyirirwa kweIsrael paPalestine panguva ino intifada yakabatanidza kuputswa kwedzimba dzemhuri dzinopfuura mazana matanhatu kusvika pakupera kwaKukadzi 600 kunyanya muGaza Strip, asiwo muWest Bank neEast Jerusalem. Tsika yekuputsa dzimba dzemuPalestine yagara ichiitwa uye ine rusarura.(2002) Kuputswa kwedzimba kwemwedzi gumi nemisere yadarika kunoratidzika sechirango chakaungana vanhu vePalestine kurwisa vaIsraeri kana kuti chikamu chemutemo wekugadzira nzvimbo dzakafara dzisingaendeke dzakatenderedza misha yeIsrael. Muna Mbudzi 3 Komiti Inopesana neKutambudzwa yakataura kuti mutemo weIsrael wekuvharwa uye kuputsa kwayo dzimba dzePalestine 'zvinogona, mune dzimwe nguva, kubatwa nehutsinye, hutsinye kana kunyadzisa kana kurangwa' mukutyora Chisungo 18 cheUnited Nations Convention against Torture uye. Humwe Hutsinye, Hwakaipa kana Kurangwa kana Kurangwa kwakatenderwa neIsrael muna 2001.
Amnesty International ine hanya yakasarudzika muIsrael uye Nzvimbo Dzakabatwa ikodzero dzevanhu vese; kodzero dzevanhu idzi dzakarongwa mumutemo wepasi rose werubatsiro. Vanhu vePalestine vari kurarama pasi pehugaro uye chokwadi ichi chakakosha pakuongorora kodzero dzevanhu nemitemo yemitemo yevanhu Israeri, seSimba reKubata, inosungirwa kuremekedza maererano nemaPalestine.
Mitemo yeSimba reKutora yakarongwa muChina Geneva Kokorodzano ine chekuita neKudzivirirwa Kwevanhu Veruzhinji Munguva yeHondo ye1949, iyo Israel iBato Repamusoro reContracting. Vagari vePalestine veNzvimbo Dzakabatwa vanobatsirwa nekuchengetedzwa kweFourth Geneva Convention uye 'vanhu vakachengetedzwa'. Hurongwa hwerunyararo husati hwapera hauna kushandura chimiro cheNzvimbo Dzakatorwa panyaya iyi.
Pasi peChina Geneva Kokorodzano maPalestine muWest Bank neGaza Strip, sevanhu vakachengetedzwa, vanogona kusauraiwa nemaune, kutambudzwa, kubatwa zvisina kunaka kana kubatwa zvinonyadzisa uye zvinodzikisira. Vanogona kunge vasina kudzingwa. Simba riri kutonga harigone kudzinga kana kutamisa zvikamu zvevagari vemo munzvimbo yarinogara. Zvinhu zvevanhu vanochengetedzwa hazvigone kuparadzwa kunze kwekunge kuparadzwa kwakadaro 'kwaitwa zvakakodzera nemauto'.
Pamusoro pezvo, iyo Fourth Geneva Convention ine chikamu chinorambidza chinopesana nekurangwa pamwe chete uye kutsiva. Inoti, muChikamu 33:
- 'Hapana munhu akadzivirirwa anogona kurangirwa mhosva yaasina kupara iye pachake. Zvirango zvakabatana uye nenzira yakafanana zviyero zvese zvekutyisidzira kana zvehugandanga zvinorambidzwa.
Kupamba kunorambidzwa.
Kutsividza vanhu vanochengetedzwa nezvinhu zvavo kunorambidzwa.'
Chisungo chechina 147 chechina Geneva Kokorodzano inoburitsa runyorwa rwe 'kuputsika kwakakura' kweChina Geneva Kokorodzano:
- '... kuuraya nemaune, kurwadziswa kana kubatwa zvisina hunhu, kusanganisira kuedza kwebiological, nemaune kukonzera kutambura kukuru kana kukuvara kwakanyanya kumuviri kana hutano, kudzingwa zvisiri pamutemo kana kutamiswa kana kuvharirwa zvisiri pamutemo kwemunhu akadzivirirwa, kumanikidza munhu akadzivirirwa kushanda mumauto eSimba rine utsinye, kana kuti nemaune kunyima munhu akadzivirirwa kodzero dzekutongwa kwakarurama uye kwagara kuchitaurwa muChibvumirano chiripo, kutora nhapwa uye kuparadza kukuru uye kugovewa pfuma, kusingakodzeri kudiwa kwemauto uye kuchiitwa zvisiri pamutemo uye nemaune.'
Israel inewo zvisungo zvekuremekedza nekuchengetedza kodzero dzevanhu pasi pezvibvumirano zvekodzero dzevanhu zveUN izvo zvakabvumira. Izvi zvinosanganisira Chibvumirano cheUN Chinopesana Nekutambudzwa uye Zvimwe Zvine Utsinye, Zvisina Hunhu kana Kuzvidzisa Kana Kuranga, uye Chibvumirano Chepasi Pose Chekodzero Dzevanhu Nezvematongerwe Enyika (ICCPR). Chibvumirano ichi, icho Israeri yakazvisarudzira chakaita chisungo chakasimba chekuchengetedza, chine zvinyorwa zvinoverengeka zvisingagone kumiswa kunyange 'munguva yenjodzi yeruzhinji inotyisidzira hupenyu hwenyika' (Chisungo 4(1)). Zvinyorwa zvisineyi izvi zvinosanganisira basa rekuchengetedza nekuremekedza kodzero yekurarama uye kodzero yekusashungurudzwa kana kubatwa zvine utsinye, kubatwa kana kurangwa zvinonyadzisa.
Hukama hwePA kumapoka ane zvombo anorwisa vagari veIsrael kwenguva refu yave iri nyaya yekupokana. Hurumende yeIsrael inotaura kuti gwaro rakanzi rakawanikwa neIDF panguva yekurwisa mahofisi ePA muRamallah muna Kubvumbi 2002 rinoratidza kuti mukuru mukuru wePA mari akabatsira mari yekugadzira mabhomba. Mutemo mukuru wemutemo wechivanhu wepasi rose ndewekuti vanhuwo zvavo havafanire kurwiswa. Iyi nheyo inoshanda nguva dzose. Inosungira paIsrael nePA, asiwo mapoka emauto ePalestine uye vanhu veIsrael nePalestine. Mapoka ePalestine ane pfuti, uye, kana kubatanidzwa kwayo kwakaratidza, PA, yatyora musimboti uyu.
Tsvakurudzo yeAmnesty International
Mushure mekugamuchira mishumo yekutyorwa kwekodzero dzevanhu kwakaitwa neIDF panguva yekupinda kwavo mumisasa yevapoteri nedzimwe nzvimbo muna Kukadzi-Kurume 2002, Amnesty International yakatumira nhumwa nhatu kunharaunda iyi, kusanganisira Major David Holley, aimbova nhengo yeBritain yemauto; Curt Goering, Mutevedzeri Mukuru weAmnesty International USA; uye muongorori weAmnesty International. Nhume dzakasvika mudunhu iri musi wa13 na14 Kurume uye dzakashanyira Gaza Strip, Ramallah, Bethlehem nenzvimbo iri pedyo, Tulkarem, neNablus neBalata Refugee Camp. Chiito cheIDF chaiwanzoita kuti kufamba nekutsvaga munzvimbo dzePalestine zviome uye zvine njodzi.
Munguva yevamiriri vaive muGaza Strip - uye kwemazuva mapfumbamwe apfuura - nzvimbo iri kumaodzanyemba kweguta reGaza, kunogara zvikamu zvitatu zvevanhu, kusanganisira vapoteri zviuru mazana matatu, zvakabviswa kuchamhembe uye nhumwa dzeAmnesty International dzakabviswa. kutadza kuferefeta mishumo yekuuraya kusiri pamutemo munzvimbo iyoyo.
Mushure mekushanyira Ramallah musi wa15 Kurume kuzoita tsvakiridzo, zvakaratidza kuomera kwazvo kuti nhumwa dzeAmnesty International dzibude mudhorobha nenzira yasara yakashama, nzvimbo yakachengetedzwa zvakanyanya paQalandiya. Sezvo nhume dzakamirira, tangi yakapenya chiedza chinopofumadza kuvaPalestine vakamirira kuyambuka pashure pokunge muganhu wavhurwa kekutanga mumazuva mana uye pfuti yakapfurwa pamisoro yavo. Vagari vemuJerusarema vaisabvumidzwa kuyambuka uye vaingosvika patangi vachivheyesa mapasipoti ekunze ndivo vaibvumidzwa kupfuura.
Mataundi nemisasa yevapoteri
IWest Bank inotambanudza 130 km kuchamhembe kusvika kumaodzanyemba, uye mamwe 50 km kumabvazuva kusvika kumadokero, nenzvimbo yakazara ye5,800 square km. Muganho neIsrael kuchamhembe, kumadokero nekumaodzanyemba ndiyo 'Green Line' (iyo 1949 armistice line); nechokumabvazuva kunorwizi Jorodhani runoyerera ruchipinda muGungwa Rakafa, uye mhiri kwoumambo hwaJoridhani.
Vagari vePalestine varipo zvino mamiriyoni maviri; kukura kwechisikigo kwakakwira zvakanyanya pa3.5 muzana pagore. Kuwanda kwevanhu kwakanyanya kunyanya mumisasa yevapoteri ye27 umo vaPalestine vakadzingwa kubva mumisha yavo muna 1947-8 vakagara kwemakore makumi mashanu apfuura; pano dzidzo, hutano uye mamwe mabasa anopiwa neUnited Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA). Misasa yevapoteri iri mukati kana kuti pedyo nemataundi aripo: Nablus (vanhu 50 110,000) inosanganisira musasa wevapoteri weBalata (vanhu 19,000); Tulkarem inogamuchira musasa wevapoteri weTulkarem (vanhu 14,500); Bethlehem (vanhu 45,000) ine musasa wevapoteri weDeheisheh (vanhu 10,000) uye musasa wevapoteri weAida (vanhu 4,000). Jenin (vanhu 31,000) vane musasa wevapoteri weJenin (vanhu 14,000) nepo Qalqiliya (vanhu 38,000) vasina musasa wevapoteri. Zvose Hebroni (vanhu 141,000 18,000) neJeriko (vanhu XNUMX XNUMX) dzinewo misasa yevapoteri yakavakidzana nayo.
Gaza Strip ine 45 makiromita kureba uye haina kumbopfuura makiromita gumi nemaviri yakafara. Zvinopfuura 12 muzana yenzvimbo iyi inogarwa nemisha yeIsrael, ine huwandu hwevanhu vangangosvika zviuru zvishanu vagari vemo, isingasviki 20 muzana yehuwandu hwevanhu veGaza Strip. Iyi nzvimbo inorambidzwa kuPalestine. Vanopfuura miriyoni vePalestine, kusanganisira vapoteri ve5,000, vangangoita 0.5 muzana yehuwandu hwevanhu, vanogara munzvimbo yasara. Musasa wevapoteri weJabaliya, une vapoteri vanenge 824,672 80, ndiwo mukuru pamisasa yose yevapoteri.
Panguva iyo Amnesty International yaiita tsvakiridzo muDeheisheh Refugee Camp, nguva yekudzoka pamba yakaziviswa neIDF pachishandiswa mutauri mukuru. Nhume dzakabva dzangoenda kuYunivhesiti yeBethlehem nomumigwagwa yakazara nevanhu vokuPalestine vakanga vakashongedzerwa nezvombo, uye, sezvo kupfurana kwaiwedzera, vakamanikidzwa kubuda nenzira yokuseri. Kufamba kuenda kuNablus, guta rechipiri pakukura muWest Bank, nzvimbo inokosha yezvokutengeserana, nzira chete yekupinda muguta yaiva nekutora tekisi kuenda kumusha weBurin, kumaodzanyemba kweguta, ipapo kukwira pamusoro pegomo netsoka, inenge. makiromita mana, uye kutora tekisi kubva kumusha weTel kune rimwe divi. Pakudzoka, kuma5pm, sezvo kwainge kwave kusviba, nzira yakavharwa nemutakuri wemauto eIsrael aigara pamusoro pechikomo. Nhumwa yeAmnesty International, nepasipoti yekunze, ndiye ega munhu aibvumidzwa kuyambuka gomo; ari munzira achidzika akadarika musikana aichema nevarume, vakadzi nevana vakanga vakaradzikwa murima rakanga raungana panzvimbo isina chinhu, ine matombo, pamawere.
Nhume dzeAmnesty International, dzakasvika IDF ichangobva kubviswa, dzakakwanisa kuongorora nekukurumidza kukuvadzwa uye mhirizhonga yakasiiwa nekupinda kweIsrael muRamallah, al-Am'ari, Deheisheh neKhader maPalestine asati agadzirisa dzimba nenzvimbo dzakatenderedza kana kurongedza. dzimba dzakaraswa. KuTulkarem, kwakashanyirwa nenhume musi wa18 Kurume, uye Balata Refugee Camp, yakashanya musi wa20 Kurume, dzimba dzakanga dzatoiswa zvigamba (simende itsva yakavharwa nemaburi emabara) uye dzimba dzakanga dzavhiringwa neIDF dzakanga dzarongedzwa. Nekudaro, zvisaririra zvedzimba dzakaputswa uye dzakakuvadzwa dzaive nhaka dzinooneka dzekupinda.
Nhume dzeAmnesty International dzakataura nevakaona kuurayiwa kwevanhu, varidzi vedzimba dzakagarwa, dzakaparadzwa kana kuparadzwa, nhengo dzemakanzura emisasa yevapoteri, maPalestine akanga aunganidzwa, akasungwa uye akasunungurwa, vashandi veamburenzi uye varongi veRed Crescent, makomiti okuyamura ezvokurapa ePalestine. , vashandi voutano vokune dzimwe nyika, uye magweta. Amnesty International inonyanya kutenda kune avo, kusanganisira nhengo dzePalestine masangano anorwira kodzero dzevanhu, Palestinian Center for Human Rights, al-Haq, Addameer uye MUTEMO, wakavaperekedza mukushanya kuzhinji kwavo kuNzvimbo Dzakagarwa, dzimwe nguva nenjodzi huru. Pamusoro pekuunganidza ruzivo pamusoro pekutyorwa kwekodzero dzevanhu kwakaitwa neIDF panguva yekupindirwa, nhumwa dzakasimudzawo kushushikana nekuurayiwa kwevagari veIsrael uye vanonzi "vashandi" vePalestine nemapoka ane zvombo ePalestine uye vanhu naAhmad 'Abd al-Rahman, Cabinet Secretary wePA. Havana kusangana nemumiriri weIDF panguva yekushanya kwetsvakiridzo iyi; zvisinei, nhumwa dzeAmnesty International dzakakwanisa kukurukura nzira dzeIDF uye zvakawanikwa nesangano uye zvinonetsa nemutevedzeri wezvemutemo kuIDF kanokwana kana kubva pakutanga kwazvino. intifada, munguva pfupi yapfuura muna Kukadzi 2002. Pakushanya kwakapfuura vamiriri veAmnesty International vakaratidza kushushikana pamusoro pekuurayiwa kwevanhu veIsrael nevatungamiriri vemapoka ePalestine ane zvombo, kusanganisira Marwan Barghouti, Secretary General we. Fatah uye Shaikh Ahmad Yassin, mutungamiri we Hamas.
Kutyorwa kwekodzero yekurarama
- 'Munhu wese ane kodzero yekuzvarwa nayo yekurarama. Kodzero iyi ichachengetedzwa nemutemo. Hapana achatorerwa upenyu hwake'. [ICCPR, Chinyorwa 6(1)]
Pasina kuferefetwa kwakakodzera, kusiri kuitika, hazvigoneke kutaura kuti vangani veavo vakaurayiwa neIDF vaive maPalestine ane zvombo aive achishingairira kunanga mauto eIsrael. Zvisinei, kushandiswa kwesimba neIDF kunoratidzika kunge kwave kusina kuenzana uye kazhinji kusingatarisirwi. Kune zvakare mishumo yekuurayiwa zvisiri pamutemo.
IDF inopinda mumisasa yevapoteri yePalestine nemataundi yasangana nekupikiswa nemapoka ePalestine ane zvombo. Nhume dzeAmnesty International dzakaona kuchinjana kwemoto pakati pemativi maviri aya kaviri panguva yekushanya kwavo.
- MuJabaliya muna Kurume 13, 2002 matangi mashanu eIsrael akakungurukira muSalah al-Din Street, mugwagwa mukuru weJabaliya, achitsikitsira mota (chiito chinoratidzika sechisina maturo chekuparadza sezvo mugwagwa wakafara zvakanyanya) uye kutyisa vanhu, kunyanya vasikana vadiki. kubva kuchikoro chepuraimari vakanga vachangopedza zvidzidzo zvavo zvemangwanani; vane makore mashanu kusvika kumanomwe okukura vakamhanya vachichema mumugwagwa vachiedza kutiza. Matangi akapfurwa kubva pamatenga edzimba nevaPalestine vaive nezvombo. Mabara eKalashnikov akange asingashande kurwisa matangi uye IDF zvakajeka yaive nemirairo yekusapindura kumoto. Kupinda uku kwakapfuura pasina kukuvadzwa kunze kwekukuvadzwa kwezvinhu uye kushungurudzika kuvana uye nehuwandu.
-Musi wa17 Kurume vamiriri veAmnesty International mumusasa weDeheisheh neBethlehem vakapupurira kuchinjana kukuru kwemoto nenhengo dzeIDF nemapoka ePalestine ane zvombo. Nhume dzakaona vanhu vokuPalestine vanenge 200 vakanga vakapakatira zvombo vakapfeka zvipfeko zvisiri zvechiuto sezvavaipfuura nomumigwagwa yeDeheisheh neBethlehem. Vamire vePalestine, kusanganisira vana, mutaundi vaiita kunge vari panjodzi yekunangwa neIDF kana kupfurwa nedivi ripi zvaro mumoto.
Panguva yetsvakiridzo yeAmnesty International mune dzimwe nzvimbo vamiriri vayo vakaudzwa kuti maPalestine vaive nezvombo uye vasiri nhengo dzemapoka akashonga vakapfura mauto eIDF.
- Panguva yekupinda kweIsrael muJabaliya munaKurume 11-12 IDF yakauraya zvisiri pamutemo vanhu vaivepo nekupfura zvisina tsarukano. Chero muPalestine aionekwa neIDF pamusoro pechivakwa airatidza kuve akatariswa neIDF. Pamusoro pezvo, pakanga paine zviitiko zvakawanda munzvimbo dzese uko maPalestine airatidza kusanzwisisa mirairo neIDF - vakamira, kana kuuya mberi kana kudzoka pavakarairwa kuita chimwe chinhu chakasiyana - vakapfurwa. Mumwe muchiuto weIDF akaudza Amnesty International muna Kukadzi kuti: 'Chero munhu anoonekwa senjodzi anogona kuurayiwa. 'Kutyisidzira' ipfungwa ine mvura yakawanda - yakakura segungwa'.
- MaPalestine masere akatarisa kupinda padenga remba yavo muTel al-Za'tar quarter kuchamhembe kweJabaliya payakatanga kuma 10.30:XNUMXpm. Sezvo IDF Apache helicopters dzakabhururuka pamusoro pevasere vakakurumidza kuenda, asi 'Abd al-Rahman Muhammad 'Izz al-Din, ane makore 55, munhu wokupedzisira kutiza, akapfurwa kumusana sezviri pachena nevapfuri veIDF padenga raiva pedyo, paakangosvika pamusuwo wedenga kuti aende pasi. Mwanakomana wake Walid 'Abd al Rahman 'Izz al-Din, ane makore 35, akatendeuka kuti amununure uye iye pachake akapfurwa ndokufa maminitsi gare gare nebara rakabva pabendekete rake richienda kumwoyo wake. Maamburenzi akaedza kusvika paimba yeIzz al-Din asi akatadza kuzviita. Mumwe ambulensi kubva kuPalestinian Red Crescent Society (PRCS) akati: 'Zvakatitorera nguva inopfuura awa kuti tipinde mumba. Tangi rakanga rakamira pamusuwo wese wemba'.
- MuSalah al-Din Street murume matsi uye mbeveve, Samir Sadi Sababeh, ane makore makumi mana nemashanu, akafa apo IDF yakagadzirira kuputsa kashopu kesimbi kune rimwe divi remugwagwa kubva kwaaigara. Nenguva dza45pm musi wa10.30 Kurume IDF yakadaidza vagari vese vemumafurati ari padivi pewekishopu kuti vabude, isingavabvumire nguva yekunotora zvinhu zvavo. IDF yakadaidza Samir Sababeh kuti abatane nevagari vari kudzingwa mudzimba dzavo. Paakatadza kuuya, vakamupfura ndokumuuraya.
- Huda al-Hawaja, ane makore makumi matatu nerimwe, amai vevana vashanu vanogara muAida Refugee Camp muBethlehem, vakaurayiwa musi wa 31 Kurume apo masoja eIDF akashandisa zvinoputika kuvhura gonhi remba yake kuti vagare senzvimbo yakasarudzika. Chiitiko ichi chakanyorwa nemutori wenhau weIsrael Channel 8 TV uye yakaratidzwa paChannel Yechipiri. Maererano nepepanhau reIsrael Ha'aretz: 'Mukati mekurukurirano vasati vapinda mumba, masoja anoudzwa kuputsa gonhi nesando, uye kana zvisina kushanda, oshandisa chidhinha chinoputika. Ndizvo zvavanoita. Mugumisiro wacho: amai vemhuri vakuvadzwa zvokufa uye vakarara pasi vachibuda ropa. Vana vanomira kuseri kwake misodzi ichiyerera. Baba vanoedza kufonera ambulance asi yakavharirwa pakati penzvimbo dzekutarisa. Mauto anoramba achifamba nemba nekucheka madziro.'
- Mahmud Salah, ane makore 23, anonzi anga ari nhengo yeboka revarwi vane zvombo, al-Aqsa Martyrs 'Brigade, anonzi anga ari munzira kuenda kunorova bhomba muJerusarema, akaurayiwa panzvimbo ye al-Ram padyo neJerusarema musi wa 10 Kurume mune zvaiita senge kuurayiwa zvisiri pamutemo. Ongororo yakaitwa nesangano rePalestine rekodzero dzevanhu, LAW, pamwe na Agence France Presse, yakaratidza, kuburikidza nemavhidhiyo nemifananidzo yakatorwa nevagari vedzimba dzakatarisa nzvimbo yekutarisa, kuti Mahmud Salah aive akarara pasi, akabviswa hembe, akasungirirwa maoko kumusana paakapfurwa ari padhuze nenhengo yechimwe chikwata chakakosha. yeIDF.
- Raffaele Ciriello, ane makore makumi mana nemaviri, mutori wenhau anoshanda akazvimirira wemuItaly, akaurayiwa muRamallah na42am musi wa9.30 Kurume paakapfurwa nepfuti yemuchina yakaiswa patangi reIDF ingangoita mamita zana nemakumi mashanu kubva ipapo. IDF inonzi haina kubvumira maamburenzi kuti auye kwaari uye akatakurwa kuchipatara nevaPalestine. Maererano naAmedeo Ricucci kubva kuItaly TV chiteshi Rai Uno, pakanga pasina moto wePalestine panguva yakapfurwa Raffaele Ciriello.
Mukupinda kwazvino uno, panoratidzika kunge pave nekugadzirira kwakatokura kuuraya. Kumwe kuurayiwa zvisiri pamutemo kwakaitika. Kumwe kuuraya kunoratidzika kunge inyaya dzezvinotsanangurwa nemauto eIsrael se "kufa kunouraya verification" - kuurayiwa zvisiri pamutemo kwevakakuvadzwa. Amnesty International inoshora maitiro akadai.
- Pakati pehusiku musi wa29 Kurume IDF yakarwisa Cairo-Amman Bank uko nhengo dzeForce 17, PA, dzakavabata kubva pauriri hwechitatu. Mushure mekunge IDF yarova chivakwa ichi, mitumbi mishanu yenhengo dzeForce 17 yakawanikwa; mumwe nomumwe akanga akuvara uye akapfurwa ari pedyo nepfuti imwe mumusoro kana pahuro.
- MuJenin muna Kubvumbi 6 IDF yakaputsa dzimba dzePalestine pamusoro pemisoro yevanhu vakaramba vari mukati. Mishumo kubva kuPalestine mukati meJenin Refugee Camp yakasimbiswa nemutori wenhau anoperekedza IDF. Chirevo chaRon Leshem wepepanhau reIsrael Yediot Ahronot, yakataurwa na Agence France Presse: 'Mabhurudhoza maviri anoputsa dzimba uye dzimwe nguva anoviga pasi pawo vaya vakaramba kukanda mapfumo pasi. Mbiru dzoutsi dzinokwira dzichibuda mumusasa'.
Mauto eIsrael anonzi aigara achishandisa maPalestine zvakanaka senhoo dzevanhu, kuisa hupenyu hwavo munjodzi uye nekutyora mutemo wepasi rose werubatsiro.
- Pakati peaishandiswa nenzira iyi paiva Majdi Shehadeh, ane imba yaigara masoja eIsrael. Akati:
- Mumba inogarwa nemasoja eIsrael mumusasa weBalata pakati pa28 Kukadzi na4 Kurume, IDF yakavharira vagari makumi mana mukamuri rimwe chete ndokuzoudza vamwe vevarume kuti vamire pamahwindo mufurati repamusoro, iro raigara richiitwa. kupfurwa nevaPalestine vane zvombo.
- 'IDF yakauya pamba apa na4am musi weChina [7 Kurume] ndokutora mhuri ndokutiisa muimba imwe chete. Ndine vana vanomwe vane makore ari pakati pegore rimwe kusvika manomwe. Vakabvunza zvandaiva nazvo padenga; Ndakati 'Njiva'. Masoja akauya pamusoro pedenga, uye muvakidzani wangu akavanzwa vachitaura ndokupfura ndokukuvadza murwi. Mauto akatanga kupfura achibva padenga. Mumwe musoja aida kundiuraya asi mukuru wacho akamuudza kuti asadaro. Vakabva vandishandisa senhoo yekudzokera padenga remba vakaisa zvinoputika muimba yenjiva ndokuiparadza. Njiva dzakaurawa tangi remvura rikabva raputika mvura ichibva yadonha. Masoja akatanga kupfura mativi oseโฆ Vakapindazve mumba mangu ndokunditi ndibude ndozovhura gonhi repamba yaiva pedyo. Handina kukwanisa kuvhura saka vakabva vaputsa. Vakandishandisa senhoo yekuvhura magonhi edzimwe dzimba vakazondirega ndichidzokera kumba kuma 8am.'
- Musi wa8 Kubvumbi nenguva dza1pm, varwi vatanhatu veIDF vakapinda mual-Baq Mosque muguta rekare reNablus, uko kwakatangwa kiriniki yekukurumidzira. Mukiriniki iyi maive nevanhu vakakuvara makumi mana nevashanu, vanachiremba vana, vazvipiri vakati wandei, uye zvitunha gumi. Dr. Zahara el-Wawi, chiremba pakiriniki, akaudza sangano rekodzero dzevanhu reIsrael, B'Tselem, kuti varwi vakapinda mumosque vakaisa pfuti pamapfudzi evanhuwo zvavo vePalestine avo vakamanikidzwa kufora pamberi pemasoja se'nhoo dzevanhu'. Masoja akaparadzanisa vashandi vezvokurapa nevarwere, akatsvaga zvitunha, uye akaongorora kuti varwere vakanga vakuvara ndivanani.
Mishumo ichangoburwa nemauto eIsrael yakaratidza kuti vanhu vakati wandei vekuPalestine vakazviputitsa vachinyepedzera kukanda mapfumo pasi. Amnesty International inoshora tsika iyi.
Kunangwa kwevashandi vezvokurapa
- 'Mumwe nemumwe ari mugakava anosungirwa kunyorera, zvishoma,
zvinotevera: ...
(1) Vanhu vasingapindiri muhondo, kusanganisira nhengo dzemauto dzakaisa zvombo pasi uye avo vakaiswa muhondo nehurwere, maronda, kuvharirwa, kana chimwe chikonzero, mumamiriro ese ezvinhu vachabatwa sevanhu.
(2) Vakakuvadzwa nevanorwara vachaunganidzwa vochengetwa'.
[Chinyorwa Chechitatu cheMagungano eGeneva]
Zvinyorwa 20 uye 21 zveFourth Geneva Convention zvinoda ruremekedzo nedziviriro kune vashandi vekurapa uye makonikoni.
Amnesty International inoshora chokwadi chekuti zviremera zveIsrael zvakaramba zvichityora kodzero yehupenyu nekutadza kuremekedza misimboti yekusarerekera mune zvekurapa. Muvhiki yekutanga yeOp Operation Defensive Wall, maererano neshoko rakapiwa naPeter Hansen, Mutungamiriri weUNRWA, musi wa5 Kubvumbi 2002, kupfuura ma ambulensi e350 akanga arambidzwa kupinda uye ma ambulensi 185 akanga arohwa nepfuti. "Ndinoda kukurudzira kuti kana maamburenzi 185 arohwa, kusanganisira makumi manomwe neshanu muzana emaamburenzi eUNRWAโฆ izvi hazvisi mhedzisiro yekurasika mabara nekukanganisa kurova amburenzi, izvi zvinogona kungove nekunangisa maamburenzi," akadaro. Kubva 75 Kukadzi 27 vashandi vatanhatu vekurapa vakaurayiwa uye vazhinji vakakuvadzwa nemoto weIDF. Mukuru wePalestinian Red Crescent muTulkarem akaudza vamiriri veAmnesty International musi wa2002 Kurume 18: 'Ndinoona zvakachengeteka iye zvino kutumira varwere vanoda dialysis kana kumwe kurapwa netekisi, pane neamburenzi.'
Kupinda kweIsrael kwemavhiki matanhatu apfuura kwakaona kurwiswa kusati kwamboitika kune vashandi vekurapa. IDF inogara ichipisa moto pamaamburenzi aienda kune vakakuvara yakamisa maamburenzi kwemazuva panguva. IDF yakaridzawo pfuti kune vanhuwo zvavo, kusanganisira vakadzi, avo vabuda kunotakura vakakuvara. Mushure mokunge vabatsiri vaviri vezvokurapa vaifamba nema ambulensi vakaurayiwa mukati memaawa mashomanana musi wa 7 March, ICRC yakaudza ma ambulensi kuti arege kufamba uye, panguva yose ye8 March, apo mhirizhonga yakanga ichienderera mberi muTulkarem Refugee Camp uye vakakuvadzwa vakanga vavete mukati. mumigwagwa nedzimba, hapana kana ambulensi imwe yakakwanisa kubva pachiteshi.
ICRC yakaedza kurongedza kufamba kwema ambulensi nekubata Civil Administration (hurumende yemauto yeIsrael muOccupied Territories) uye kuwana mvumo yeIDF kutanga. Vakanonotswa uye, kunyangwe nekubatana uku, vaigara vachipfurwa. Uye iyo ICRC yakanga isiri chiratidzo chedziviriro. Muchiziviso cheruzhinji, ICRC musi wa5 Kubvumbi 2002 yakataura kuti 'yaisungirwa kudzikamisa kufamba kwayo muWest Bank kusvika padikidiki'. Yakaenderera mberi ichiti:
- Mumazuva maviri apfuura, vashandi veICRC muBethlehem vakatyisidzirwa nepfuti, nyevero yakapfurwa pamotokari dzeICRC muNablus neRamallah, motokari mbiri dzeICRC dzakakuvadzwa nematangi eIDF muTulkarem uye nzvimbo yeICRC muTulkarem yakaputsika. . Unhu uhwu hahubvumirwi zvachose, nokuti hahusi pangozi basa rekuchengetedza hupenyu hwemabasa ekurapa kwekukurumidzira, asiwo basa rekubatsira kwevanhu reICRC.'
Vanachiremba vaviri nevabatsiri vana vakaurayiwa nemoto weIDF pakati pa4 na12 Kurume 2002. Amnesty International yakaongorora kuurayiwa kwaSa'id Shalayel, Kamal Salem naIbrahim Jazmawi.
- Musi wa 4 Kurume 2002 Dr Khalil Suleiman, ane makore 58, akaurayiwa apo ambulensi yePRCS yaaifamba nayo yakarohwa nepfuti kubva kunhengo dzeIDF. Dr Khalil Suleiman akanga ari mukuru wePRCS Emergency Medical Service (EMS) muJenin muWest Bank. Vamwe vakakuvara vanga vari vana veRed Crescent paramedics pamwe nemutyairi aifamba neamburenzi. Mumwe musikana akanga akuvadzwa akanga achitakurwa neamburenzi panguva iyoyo.
- Pana 7 March, zuva rokutanga rekupinda kweuto reIsrael muTulkarem, kushandiswa kwema ambulensi kwakabvumirwa chete mukubatana neICRC, pamwe chete neICRC ambulensi. Zvisinei, mushure me5pm ambulensi yeICRC yaifanira kubva. Sezvo kwainge kwasviba amburenzi yeUNRWA yairatidza kuti iri munzira kunotora vanhu vatatu vakakuvara yakarwiswa nekombi kubva kuApache helikopta. Kamel Salem, mushandi wehutsanana weUNRWA akadzidzira zvokurapa, akagara muamburenzi parutivi pomutyairi, akaurayiwa. Imwe ambulance, ine Ibrahim Muhammad Jazmawi saMedical assistant, akange ave panzvimbo, uye ambulance yake yakadzokera kucentre. Zvichakadaro dzimwe nhare dzakauya kuzobatsira vakanga vakuvara, kusanganisira vatatu vakanga vakuvara mutsaona yemotokari. PRCS yakaedza kurongedza kufamba kwavo neIDF kuburikidza neICRC uye vakamirira inenge awa vasati vazobvumirana kutumira ma ambulensi. Maamburenzi maviri ePRCS asara kunotora vanhu vatatu vakakuvara. Nekudaro, maminetsi maviri kubva kuchipatara mumugwagwa mukuru wezvitoro weTulkarem vakaona tangi rakatarisana navo. Amburenzi yaIbrahim Jazmawi yakadzokera kumashure inenge mita. Tangi yakapfura pama ambulensi ese achiuraya Ibrahim Jazmawi uye kukuvadza yechipiri ambulensi. Maamburenzi akanga asara akapukunyuka netsoka. Mushure mehafu yeawa boka reamburenzi rakakwanisa kudzoka netsoka kunotora mutumbi waIbrahim Jazmawi. Mushure meizvozvo ICRC yakaudza ma ambulensi kuti asafambe uye vakaramba vasina kushanda kwe8 March yose, pasinei nekuenderera mberi kukakavara uye kuurayiwa mumisasa.
- Sa'id Yusuf Shalayel, kubva kuPalestine mauto ezvokurapa ambulensi, akaurayiwa usiku hwe7-8 March; mumwe mubatsiri wezvokurapa, Muhammad al-Hissu, kubva kuPRCS akapona nekukuvara kwakawanda chete nokuti akanga akapfeka jekete reflak (46 flak jackets yakapiwa neICRC). Maamburenzi matatu akadanwa kuchamhembe kweGaza uko kwakange kurwiswa, sezviri pachena kubva kuIDF pfuti, pane diki Force 17 post. Vaviri vabatsiri vevashandi vezvokurapa vakatanga kuenda vakananga kune vakakuvara uye vangangoita 70 metres kubva kumaamburenzi matatu, mwenje yavo yepamusoro ichipenya, pakaitika kamwe kamwe kuputika kukuru, sezviri pachena kubva mugomba. Sa'id Shalayel akaurayiwa uye Muhammad al-Hissu akakuvadzwa. Mukuru wePRCS masevhisi ekukurumidzira akafonera ICRC iyo yakaedza kurongedza neIDF kupinda kwema ambulensi kuenda kune vakakuvadzwa. Panguva iyi Muhammad al-Hissu akanga akwanisa kushandisa nharembozha yemumwe wake akafa kutsanangura zvakanga zvaitika; kuti akanga akuvara zvakaipisisa, uye kuti imwe amburenzi nevamwe vatatu vakanga vaurayiwa. Mukuru wezve emergency emergency masevhisi akabva afonera chero amburenzi kuti ipindure, pasina kurongeka, uye ma ambulensi gumi akasimuka kubva kumasevhisi akasiyana ese aine marambi achipenya, asi kurwiswa kwakaramba kuchienderera uye vashandi vekurapa havana kukwanisa kuenda kumberi. Panguva iyoyo munhu wechina munharaunda yacho akanga aedza kusvika kune vakanga vakuvara akanga aurayiwawo. Kwakangove mushure meimwezve maminetsi makumi maviri ekumirira nemwenje unopenya kuti maamburenzi akakwanisa kupinda kuti atore vakafa uye vakakuvara.
- Musi wa8 Kurume IDF yakauraya Dr Ahmad Nu'man Sabih al-Khudari, mutungamiriri weChipatara chidiki cheYamama mual-Khader, sezvaaityaira achienda kumusasa wevapoteri weDeheisheh, kumucheto kweBhetrehema. Chiremba akanga agamuchira vimbiso kubva kumukuru mukuru weIsrael zuva rimwe chetero kuti chengeteko yake yaizoremekedzwa.
Nekuda kwekuvhara, ma ambulensi ePRCS muGaza Strip ave nekunetseka mukupindura chero kufona kwekukurumidzira kunze kweGaza neJabaliya. IDF yakacheka 45 kilometre-yakareba Gaza Strip muzvikamu zvitatu uye IDF yakashanda munzvimbo dzakawanda; kunyangwe zve emergency kesi zvisina kubatana ne intifada iyo PRCS yaifanira kubata ICRC kutsvaga kurongeka. ICRC yaifanira kurongeka kuburikidza neIsrael Civil Administration (hutungamiriri hwemauto hunoona nezveOccupied Territories), iyo yaizobatana neIDF. Izvi zvingakonzeresa kunonoka kweinopfuura awa kunyange kune nyaya dzinokurumidzira. Musi wa13 Kurume zvakatora awa nehafu kuwana mvumo yekupinzwa kwePRCS ambulensi mumusha uri kumaodzanyemba kweGaza kunotora mukomana ane makore mashanu okukura akange akamedza mushonga wezvipembenene. Zvisinei nechibvumirano chakapihwa neIDF, amburenzi yakarambidzwa kusvika pamba pemwana nekuti mugwagwa waive wakavharwa neIDF nemirwi yejecha. Nguva yekusvika pamba paive patove nesimba zvekuti pakazosimuka ambulance kwaive kwatosviba. Tangi rakavhara mugwagwa kuseri kwe blockade uye IDF yaivepo yakati hapana chavaiziva chekubatana. Pakupedzisira mhinduro bedzi yakanga iri yokufonera muvakidzani kuti atore vabereki vomukomana wacho uye kuvarayira parunhare zvokuita.
Pakazosvika 11 Kubvumbi 2002 mamiriro ezvekupihwa kwemabasa ekurapa akange akashata. Maamburenzi akange asingatenderwe kutora vakakuvara uko mabasa eIDF aienderera mberi, kunyanya muJenin neNablus. Kwavaigona kufamba, maamburenzi aimiswa ndokusechwa kakawanda zvokuti vaitora maawa akawanda kufamba madaro mapfupi zvikuru. Paivewo nemishumo yekuti IDF yakapfura maamburenzi aine vanhu mukati uye nezvematangi achipwanya maamburenzi asina chinhu.
IDF yakagara ichitaura kuti maoko anotakurwa mumaamburenzi uye ichi ndicho chikonzero chekugaromira uye kutsvaga maamburenzi. Mhosva iyi yakaramba ichirambwa nePRCS nemamwe masangano ekurapa. Nepo mishumo mizhinji yekutyorwa kwekusarerekera mune zvekurapa inosvika kuAmnesty International ichisanganisira zviito zveIDF, pakave nezviitiko zviviri zvinosanganisira maPalestine. Yekutanga ndeyekupomerwa kushandiswa zvisirizvo kweamburenzi yePalestine Red Crescent Society kutakura zvinoputika. Iyo ambulensi yakamiswa pane imwe yenzvimbo dzakawanda dzekutarisa iyo ambulensi yakapfuura uye mudziyo unoputika wakawanikwa nemasoja eIsrael achitsvaga kumashure kwemotokari. Yakaputirwa pamberi pemumiriri weInternational Committee yeRed Cross. ICRC yakati musi wa 29 Kurume 'yakakatyamadzwa uye yakaodzwa mwoyo' nemishumo yezvinhu zvinoputika zviri kuwanikwa muPalestine Red Crescent Society ambulensi uye yakashora kushungurudzwa kwe ambulensi uye yeRed Crescent chiratidzo. Purezidhendi wePRCS akaramba zvakasimba kuti yakanga yakatakura nokudisa chinoputika ndokutaura kuti chakanga chasimwa kuzvidza Sosaiti. PRCS yakadaidza kuti paitwe ongororo yakazvimirira pamusoro pechiitiko ichi; Amnesty International haina ruzivo nezve mhedzisiro yekubvunza kwakadai panguva yekunyora.
Kutyorwa kwemaitiro erubatsiro nemapoka ePalestine ane zvombo kwakaitikawo. Musi wa31 Kurume, bhomba rakazviuraya rakarwisa chiteshi cheMagen David Adom (MDA, yeIsrael yenyika emergency emergency service) muEfrat, inogara Israel padyo neBethlehem. Vashandi vatatu veMDA vakakuvadzwa, mumwe zvakaipisisa. Vamwewo vanhuwo zvavo vakakuvara. Kurwisa kwakadai kunotyora kurambidzwa pasi pemitemo yepasi rose yerubatsiro yekurwiswa kwakanangana nevagari vemo uye nzvimbo dzekurapa.
Kuputswa uye kuparadzwa
'Kuparadza kupi zvako kunoitwa neSimba reKutora pfuma chaiyo kana yemunhu ari ega kana kuti pamwe chete kune vanhu vakazvimiririra, kana kuHurumende, kana kune mamwe masimba ehurumende, kana masangano anodyidzana neanoshandira pamwe, kunorambidzwa, kunze kwekunge kuparadzwa kwakadaro kunenge kuchidikanwa. mauto.' [Chinyorwa 53 cheChina Geneva Kokorodzano ine chekuita neKudzivirirwa Kwevanhu Veruzhinji Munguva yeHondo ye1949]
Mumusasa wose wevapoteri wavaigara, varwi veIsrael vakasiya nzira yokuparadza. Matangi akakungurutsira pamusoro pemotokari dzakamiswa, akaputsa madziro nemadziro emba uye akadonhedza mbariro dzemarambi nezvikwangwani zvemumugwagwa. Dzimwe nguva vaiumburuka pamberi pedzimba pasina chikonzero. Magetsi, mvura uye nharembozha zvakagurwa kwenguva yakareba sezvo mauto eIsrael akaramba ari pabasa. Zvichakadaro mabara anoboora madziro uye dzimwe nguva matangi aipfurwa pasina chikonzero chiri pachena mumashopu kana mudzimba.
Kubva pakutanga kwekupinzwa kwedzimba dzevarume 'vaidiwa' kana avo vakarwisa maIsrael dzakaputswa. Panguva yekupinda kweJenin musi wa 5 na 6 Kubvumbi 2002 dzimba makumi maviri dzePalestine muJenin Refugee Camp dzakaputswa kuita kuti nzira nhete dzive dzakafara zvakakwana kuitira matangi kana nekuti dzaive nemaPalestine aive nezvombo akaramba kuzvipira.
IDF haingoite mukuparadza midziyo kana zvisingaite uye kuputsa dzimba kutyora Chinyorwa 53 cheFourth Geneva Convention, inotyorawo Chikamu chemakumi matatu nenhatu cheChibvumirano ichi, chinorambidza chirango chemubatanidzwa, kupamba uye kutsiva.
MuRamallah imba yaAfif Ahmad, yaive nevanhu vatanhatu, yakaroverwa nenyundo nekuboora madziro emoto uye makosi kutenderera musi wa12 Kurume kubva mutangi sezvo nhengo nhanhatu dzemhuri dzakarara pasi dzichitya kwemaawa mana.
IDF yakapinda ikatora dzimba dziya nemafurati aitaridza kunge ari munzvimbo dzine pundutso. Vagari mudzimba idzi vaivharirwa mukamuri rimwechete kana furati imwe chete kwenguva yakareba iyo IDF yaigara muguta - dzimwe nguva kwemazuva mana kana mashanu. Mauto aigara mumafurati akaarasa, achivhura madhirowa nemawadhiropu uye achiparadzira zvaive mukati, kubvarura zvipfeko, mifananidzo inokuvadza, kukanda terevhizheni kana makomputa pasi. Kwakanga kune mishumo yokupambwa munzvimbo dzakawanda; dzimwe nguva vakakuvadzwa vakanyunyuta kune IDF vasina kuita chiito. Mune imwe furati mumusasa weDeheisheh waAmal 'Abd al-Mun'im, mhuri yeQur'an yakadhirowa mapeji ayo akapararira pasi uye chirevo chakaitwa. B'Tselem akanga aboorwa kakawanda, sezviri pachena nebanga kana kuti bayonet. Akaudza Amnesty International kuti:
- 'Vakauya neMugovera 9 Kurume, mauto makumi maviri nemashanu aine mota dzakashongedzerwa. Vakatiisa tose mukamuri rimwe chete โ taiva vatanhatu, [murume wangu], vana vangu vana neni. Vakagara anenge maawa mashanu isu takavharirwa mukamuri rimwe chete. Vakabva vanditorera murume wangu. Vakagara mazuva mana mumba. Patakadzoka takawana zvinhu zvose zvaparadzwa. Imba yangu ine nhurikidzwa nhatu uye vakaparadza zvese. Vakaba makamera maviri evhidhiyo imwe neimwe [yaikosha] $25. Vakatora mari yedu yese, kombiyuta yaiita mashekeri anenge 300 8,000. Vaishandisa zvimbuzi asi hapana chavaichenesa. Takawana tsvina yavo pese-pese - vakazadza matauro netsvina ndokuzora pamadziro, mukicheni nemundiro dzedu. Vakatsemura Korani uye vakaputsa zvose.'
Mudzimba dzakawanda dzaipindwa neIDF varwi vakapaza maburi mumadziro kuti vasvike kudzimba dzepedyo. Iyi inzira yemauto inozivikanwa mudhorobha-kurwa dzimwe nguva inonzi 'mouse-holing' kupa masoja nzira dzekutiza nadzo. Mauto eIsrael akaidaidza kuti 'kufamba nemumadziro'. Mudzimba dzakashanyirwa neAmnesty International, kugadzira makomba kubva kune imwe imba kuenda kune imwe kwaigara kuchikonzera nyonganyonga mumakamuri kumativi ose. Dzimwe nguva maburi aigadzirwa kubva pane imwe furati kuenda kune imwe apo zvaiita kuti varwi vapinde nepavharanda kana kuti nepahwindo. MuBarata Refugee Camp, maererano nePalestine, anenge maburi makumi matatu akaitwa kuti masoja eIsrael apfuure nemumutsara wedzimba kusvika kuchikoro cheUNRWA.
Mumusasa weAl-Am'ari, Ramallah, mauto makumi matatu akauya asina yambiro mumba maHalima al-Nabi nenguva dza30:7.30pm musi wa12 Kurume 2002. imba yemwana wavo yaiva padhuze nyangwe zvazvo paive neverandah nemusuwo waigona kupa mukana. Vakapedza anenge maawa matatu ipapo uye kubva kufurati remwanakomana wavo Jamal al-Nabi vakaedza kupaza kuenda kumba kwemumwe mwanakomana, Nabil al-Nabi, asi vakawana madziro ekongiri akanyanya. Saka vakashandisa hwindo, vachidzika muimba yekurara mairara vana vose gumi nemumwe vaNabil al-Nabi. Vakaparadzira zvipfeko nemakusheni kumativi ose, vakaputsa girazi remifananidzo yemhuri, vakabvarura Qur'an uye vakakanda terevhizheni pasi. Vakagara mumba kwemazuva matatu, kusvika mangwanani emusi wa11 Kurume, mhuri ichivharirwa muchitoro chavo chegirosa pasi nematiresi imwe pakati penhengo gumi nenhatu dzemhuri. 'Vamwe vevana vakatya kufa uye takaendesa vaviri, ane makore mashanu neane matanhatu, kuchipatara', akadaro Halima al-Nabi.
'Muuto chero ripi zvaro renyika, masoja akaita seIDF, achiparadza midziyo uye kupamba, anofanira kukurumidza kuendeswa kumatare edzimhosva'. [David Holley]
MuBarata Camp, muchiitiko chekuranga pamwe chete, IDF yakaputika musi wa 3 Kurume imba yaNasser 'Aways,' aidiwa' nhengo ye. Hamas uyo akaurayiwa mwedzi wakatevera panguva yekurwiswa kwechipiri kweIDF paNablus. Pamba paigara vanhu gumi nevanomwe. Mumusasa umo inenge imba iri yose inogovera madziro maviri kana kuti anopfuura uye kunyange mikoto ine mikoto isina kupamhama mita imwe chete, kuputswa kweimba yacho kwakaparira kuvadziko yakakomba kudzimba nhanhatu dziri pedyo. MuDeheisheh Camp, mune chimwe chiitiko chakakura chekuranga pamwe chete, dzimba ina dzenhengo dzemhuri yaMahmud al-Mughrabi, dzinonzi dzakarwisa maIsrael, dzakaputiswa nemabhomba. Dzimba dzevavakidzani dzakaparadzwa zvakaipisisa nokuparadzwa kwacho.
Tambo dzemagetsi, pombi dzemvura uye tambo dzenhare dzakadimburwa mumataundi mazhinji akapinda. Dzidzo, masangano etsika, mahofisi ehurumende uye kunyanya mapurisa akaparadzwa nemakomba uye zvinoputika. Bethlehem University's new Millennium Hall, yakavhurwa muna 2000, ichidhura $2million, iyo $1.2million yakapihwa neUSAID's ASHA programme (American Schools and Hospitals Abroad), yakaparadzwa nemakomba mana eTOW, imwe neimwe ichidhura $180,000, yakapihwa rubatsiro kuIDF ne. Hurumende yeUS. SaCurt Goering, Mutevedzeri Mukuru weAmnesty International USA akati:
- 'Zvakaoma kufungidzira kuti kuramwa mabasa kwepayunivhesiti kwakanga kusiri kwemaune.'
Uye akati: 'Mari yeUS yakaita kuti Millennium Building itsva ibvire. Mari yeUS yakaitawo kuti kuparadza kwayo kubvire. '
Kusungwa zvisina tsarukano uye hutsinye, hutsinye kana kubatwa zvisina kunaka
- 'Hapana munhu achatambudzwa kana kuitirwa hutsinye, kubatwa zvisina hunhu kana kubatwa zvisina kunaka kana kurangwa ...' [Chinyorwa 7, ICCPR]
- 'Bato rega rega mukukonana rinosungirwa kunyorera, sediki, zvinotevera: ...
(1) Vanhu vasingapindiri muhondo, kusanganisira nhengo dzemauto dzakaisa zvombo pasi uye avo vakaiswa muhondo nehurwere, maronda, kuvharirwa, kana chimwe chikonzero, mumamiriro ese ezvinhu vachabatwa sevanhu.
Nekuda kweizvi zviito zvinotevera zvinoramba zvichirambidzwa chero nguva uye munzvimbo chero ipi zvayo maererano nevanhu vataurwa pamusoro apa:โฆ
kushatirisa pamusoro pechiremerera chemunhu, kunyanya kunyadzisa nekuzvidzwa
[Chinyorwa Chechitatu cheMakokorodzano eGeneva].
- ' Bato rekukonana rine vanhu vanochengetedzwa mumaoko avo, ndiro rine mutoro wemabatirwo aanoitwa nevamiriri varo, zvisinei nebasa ripi zvaro ringaitwa.'
[Gungano rechina reGeneva, Chinyorwa 29]
Kurwadzisa uye hutsinye, hutsinye kana kubatwa zvisina kunaka kunorambidzwa neGeneva Kokorodzano. Izvo zvakare zvinorambidzwa neConvention against Torture, iyo Israeri ibato rehurumende, uye zvakare iri chinyorwa chisiri chinokanganisa cheICCPR. Kunyangwe 'munguva yenjodzi yeruzhinji inotyisidzira hupenyu hwenyika' nyika haimbotenderwa kurwadzisa kana kubvumidza chero chikonzero chero chipi zvacho kuti atambure nehutsinye, hutsinye kana hutsinye kana kurangwa.
Kusungwa kwePalestine kubva kuNzvimbo Dzakabatwa dzakaitwa neIsrael kubva 27 Kukadzi dzaive dzinenge dzisingaperi dzichiperekedzwa nehutsinye uye kubatwa kwakashata; chiverengero chakati chokupomerwa chokutambudzwa chakagamuchirwa.
IDF incursions yaiwanzoperekedzwa neimba neimba kutsvaga kunofungidzirwa kuti inhengo dzemapoka ane zvombo. Nekudaro, pakati paKurume 1 na12 Kurume mumisasa mitatu yevapoteri - Tulkarem, Deheisheh uye al-Am'ari - uye muQalqiliya, kusungwa kwevanhu vakawanda kwakaitwa pamwe nekubatwa kunonyadzisa kweavo vakasungwa. Mamiriro chaiwo aive masamanisi eIDF negudzanzwi kune vese varume vechiPalestine vari pakati pemamwe mazera (kazhinji 15 kusvika 45) kuti vataure panzvimbo yakatarwa yekusangana. VaPalestine pamusasa weAl-Am'ari vakati vakaudzwa kuti kana vakauya uye vasina kubatanidzwa mune chero mhosva vaizosunungurwa; avo vari mumusasa weTulkarem vakati gudzanzwi rakayambira kuti chero munhu akatadza kutaura anogona kuurayiwa (zvisinei, vanhu vazhinji vakabvunzurudzwa neAmnesty International vakasungwa kubva mudzimba kana mumigwagwa). Pavakangosvika ipapo vakarongwa, kazhinji nekubvunzwa zvinhu zvakaita sezita nezera, mamwe aibva angoburitswa. Zvakadaro, ruzhinji rwaive rwakavharwa maziso nekusungwa maoko nemahandcuffs epurasitiki (anogona kuomesa uye kurwadza zvakanyanya). Vamwe vakaverengwa pamaoko avo; zvisinei, mushure mekuratidzira muKnesset (paramende yeIsrael) uye muzvikamu zvakawanda zvevanhu veIsrael, tsika iyi, iyo yakanga isiri yeruzhinji, yakamiswa. Voruzhinji zvikuru vevakasungwa vakati havana kupiwa zvokudya zvipi nezvipi kwemaawa 24 okutanga uye vaisabvumirwa kunyange kuenda kuchimbudzi; vakatozozvisunungura pasi pavakagara. Mumwaka apo husiku hunenge huchitonhora zvakanyanya, hapana magumbeze akapihwa vasungwa pahusiku hwekutanga hwekuvharirwa kwavo. Vakasungwa uye vakavharirwa vaisanganisira vana vakawanda vanonzi vaiva nemakore 14 kana 15.
Vaya vakasungwa vakaendeswa kunzvimbo dzenguva pfupi dzevasungwa dziri mumisasa yemauto kana kuti mumisha. Pakazosvika 17 Kurume, mavhiki matatu mushure mekupinda kwekutanga kwemisasa yevapoteri, vamwe vanhu zana nemakumi matatu nevashanu vePalestine vanosvika zviuru zviviri nemazana mashanu vakasungwa mumazuva gumi nematanhatu apfuura kubva kuTulkarem, Deheisheh, al-Am'ari neQalqiliya, vakaramba vari muhusungwa mumisasa yenguva pfupi. Vakachengetwa muHuwara, Ofer neMajnuna Military Camps, neKedumim, Gush Etzion neBeit El Settlements. Vamwe vakavharirwa paErez.
Nekuda kwehuwandu hukuru hwevakasungwa nekuvharirwa, asi nekubvunzurudzwa kushoma, Amnesty International iri kushushikana kuti chinangwa chekusungwa, pamwe nekubatwa zvisina kunaka, kungangove kuri kuranga pamwe chete maPalestine asina kubatanidzwa mukupikisa nezvombo. uye kudzikisira nekunyadzisa avo vakasungwa. Vanhu vekuPalestine vakagara muhuwandu hwakasungwa maziso uye vakasungwa maoko vakatorwa mifananidzo uye mifananidzo yavo yakaratidzwa paterevhizheni uye yakaburitswa mumapepanhau eIsrael.
Ufakazi hwa Jamal Issa, ane makore 37, anobva kumusasa wevapoteri weTulkarem:
- 'IDF yakauya kumba kwangu na6am [musi wa8 Kurume]. Vakaunganidza vanhu vose, mhuri nhatu, muimba imwe chete uye isu takagaramo kubva 6am kusvika 10am apo takaendeswa kune imwe imba. Vakaunganidza vanhu makumi maviri muimba imwe chete. Ipapo takaendeswa kuchikoro uko takagara kwamaawa mana kana kuti mashanu, takasungwa kumeso uye takasungwa maoko. Vakaunganidza zvitupa zvedu zvese ndokuedza kutirongedza mumapoka. Mushure memaawa matatu vakatiendesa kuDCO [District Coordination Office]. Takarara paDCO usiku ihwohwo, vanenge 20 vedu, takasungwa maoko nemakumbo, tichibatwa semagandanga uye tichinyadziswa. Kodzero dzinokosha dzevasungwa munguva yakapfuura takanyimwa. Takakumbira kuenda kuchimbuzi vakaramba. Takaswera tichipopota nekuchema.
- 'Pashure paikoko vamwe vakatamisirwa namabhazi kuKedumim uye vamwe kuHuwara Military Camp. Kwakanga kusina jeri muHuwara; zvaive nani pane imwe nzvimbo, vakabvisa mapofu nemahandcuffs. Takaita mazuva matanhatu tisina kumbobvunzurudzwa ndokubva vatisunungura. Taitarisira kuti mumwe munhu aizotiudza kuti takatorwa nei. Takanga tave kutya nguva yese iyi nekuti vainge vatityisidzira vachitiuraya, asi pachiitiko ichi takatya kusunungurwa pane kuvharirwa sezvo takanga tasiiwa pacheckpoint yemusasa wemauto, ndipo patakatora zvitupa uye taifanira kutsvaga matekisi. uye pfuura nepamisha yose yeNabhulus. Zvakatitorera maawa mana kuti tisvike kumba. '
Ufakazi hwa Majdi Shehadeh, kubva kumusasa wevapoteri weTulkarem:
- 'Na 9am musi weChishanu [8 Kurume] pakanga pane chiziviso pagudzanzwi chataifanira kushuma. Takasvika pamugwagwa tose takanzi tibvise hembe dzekumusoro kwedu. Taive tasvika 100. Takapfeka hembe mushure meawa imwe chete, ndokuzofamba netsoka kuenda kuchikoro. Vakatarisa zvitupa zvedu zvese kusvika kuma9pm. Ipapo vakauya namabhazi ndokutiendesa kuKibbutz Sanaws. Tese taive takasungwa maoko takagara pakavhurika. Hatina kupihwa chekudya, tikakumbira mvura vakatidira. Mahandcuffs aive akasungwa mbira dzakondo pakazobviswa ziso patakasvika ndakaona vamwe vaive nemaoko matema nekuzvimba. Takaudza varwi kuti vari kuticheka vakati hapana imwe nzira. Takabva tatanga kuridza mhere tichivakumbira kuti vadzike mahandcuffs. Kwaitonhora chaizvo uye vamwe vedu vaiva neT-shirts uye vasina shangu. Takanga tisingabvumirwi kuenda kuchimbuzi uye takatofanira kuzvisunungura tiri ikoko. Kuma 3.30am tainge totanga kubvunda mazino achirova nechando. Takambundikirana ndokubva tasimuka. Varwi vakaedza kuita kuti pave norunyararo ndokupfura mumhepo, asi hatina kutya kana kuti kutya uye hatina kubvuma kugara. Pakati pedu paiva nevamwe vanhu vanopfuura 50 nevana vari pasi pemakore 14. Takaratidzira pakusungwa kwakadaro. Ipapo mumwe mupurisa akauya ndokuti, 'Muchaenda kumba na7am'; vakasunungura vakuru nevadiki kuma 4am. Pakanga pasina mhosva yaaipomerwa. Takapikisa chando. Kuma 10am vakatiisa mumutsetse mumwe musoja aive netsvimbo akatirova tese. Takabva tasunungurwa tikaendeswa kuDCO. '
Ufakazi hwa 'Awni Muhammad Ibrahim Sa'id, ane makore makumi maviri nemanomwe, kubva kuAl-Am'ari Camp muRamallah:
- 'Na9 mangwanani nemusi weChipiri 12 Kurume vakazivisa kuti vanhu vane makore ari pakati pegumi nematanhatu nemakumi mana neshanu vataure. Vaiti vasina kuzivisa vaizouraiwa. Ndakazoenda kuma 16am kuchikoro nevanin'ina vangu vatatu. Takagara kwekanguva, tichibva taendeswa kuOfer tiri murori yezvombo. PaOfer paive nevanhu vangangosvika mazana maviri negumi. Pakati pavo pakanga pane mumwe akanga ari matsi uye akabvumirwa kuenda. PaOfer ndipo patakasungwa maoko nenguo โ pachikoro takanga tisiri. Takagara takadaro kusvika kuma 45am musoja atora zvitupa akatisecha; vakatora nhare dzemunhu wese. Vakabva vasarudza vamwe vanhu vakavapa matende vakavarayira kuti vavamise โpaiva nematende mana kune vane mazana maviri, anenge makumi mashanu mutende rimwe nerimwe. Kuma 11-210am tainge tapedza kumisa matende takavakumbira matress vakaramba. Vakatiunzira huni panzvimbo, rough, worse than you make coffins. Takanga tisina magumbeze zvachose manheru ekutanga 'โ vakangouya nawo kuma1:200pm musi weChitatu. Panguva iyoyo vanhu vashanu vakanga vachirwara nechando; vakaenda navo kunoona chiremba asi hapana chaakaita. Takapihwa chikafu chedu chekutanga neChitatu na50am. Takazopiwawo midzanga miviri pazuva. Vakatisunungura tose neChina; takatamiswa mumabhazi asi takagara mubhazi kwezuva rose tisati tasunungurwa. '
Panguva yeOperation Defensive Wall, kusvika musi wa11 Kubvumbi vanopfuura zviuru zvina vePalestine vakasungwa, kunyanya vachisecha imba neimba. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo kusungwa kwevanhu vakawanda kwakaitika pashure pokunge nhepfenyuro yarayira varume vose vari pakati pe4,000 ne15 kuti vataure. Izvi zvinonzi zvakaitika mual-Bireh musi wa45 Kurume; varume vazhinji vaireporter paDiaspora School vakaiswa mumabhazi voendeswa kuOfer. Vanonzi vakavharwa maziso nekusungwa maoko nemaoko ndokuchengetwa pamhene kusvika vabvunzurudzwa mushure memazuva matatu. Kubvunzurudzwa kwaive kushoma: zita, kuzvarwa uye ruzivo rwemunhu. Vapedza kubvunzurudzwa vakaendwa navo mutende ndokupihwa magumbeze nemachira emapuranga kuti varare. Vazhinji vakaburitswa paQalandiya mushure memazuva manomwe. Vamwe vasungwa vakasungwa muRamallah vakataura kuti vakavharirwa pachena mudzimba dzinenge dzapera kupera kana mumayadhi echikoro; vakaramba vakazvambarara vakasungwa maoko nenguo dzavo pakuenda kuchimbuzi. Vasungwa vanoti dzimwe nguva vairohwa.
Nekudzorwa kwakasimba kwokusvika pamba mumataundi akawanda, mhuri dzine hama dzakanga dzasungwa dzakanga dzisingazivi kana vakanga vari vapenyu kana kuti vakafa. Masangano anorwira kodzero dzevanhu muIsrael akaedza kuronda vasungwa akazadzwa nezvikumbiro asi havana kukwanisa kuwana ruzivo kubva kuIDF avo vakati ivo pachavo havana ruzivo rwemazita evakange vasunga. Military Order, nhamba 1500, yakapihwa musi wa5 Kubvumbi 2002 ichibvumidza mauto kuti achengete vasungwa kwemazuva gumi nemasere pasina magweta asati aunzwa pamberi pemutongi (anogona kuvandudza kushaikwa kwemvumo yekuwana). Somugumisiro wemishumo yekuti vasungwa vakanga vane zvigunwe uye zvigunwe zvakaputsika, masangano mana ekodzero dzevanhu, B'Tselem, Association for Civil Rights muIsrael (ACRI), HaMoked uye Physicians for Human Rights (PHR) vakakumbira Dare Repamusoro reIsrael reRuramisiro ( HCJ) kuti kurapwa kwakadaro kunofanira kumira; HCJ yakaramba chikumbiro chacho.
Mazano
- Hurumende yeIsrael inofanira kugumisa kukanganisa kwakanyanya kwekodzero dzevanhu uye mutemo wevanhu yairi kuita panguva yeOp Operation Defensive Wall: inofanira kumisa kushandiswa kusingabvumirwi nemutemo uye kusina kuenzana kwesimba rinouraya, kusanganisira kurwisana nevashandi vezvokurapa; kupedza kuurayiwa zvisiri pamutemo; kupedza kuparadzwa kwedzimba nekumwe kurangwa kwakabatana, kuburikidza nekuparadzwa nekukuvadzwa kwemidziyo yePalestine nezvivakwa, kusanganisira mvura nemagetsi; kurega kusungwa uye kuvharirwa pasina chikonzero; kugumisa kurwadziswa uye kumwe utsinye, hutsinye kana kubatwa zvisina kunaka kana kurangwa; ive nechokwadi chekuti tsika dzekurasa marara uye kupamba zvinhu zvapera.
- Mativi ese anofanirwa kuremekedza kusarerekera kwemotokari dzekurapa uye zvivakwa. Hurumende yeIsrael inofanira kubvumira kukurumidza uye kusingadzivisiki kupinda munzvimbo dzose nevashandi vezvokurapa, kusanganisira PRCS, United Nations uye ICRC.
- Hurumende yeIsrael inofanirwa kuona kuti kuwanikwa kwevacherechedzi, kusanganisira vatori venhau, masangano asiri ehurumende, uye vamwe vamiriri vemasangano everuzhinji, hakutadziswe zvisina kufanira.
- Hurumende yeIsrael inofanirwa kumisa Komisheni yeKubvunzurudza kuti iongorore kutyorwa kwemutemo wepasi rose wekubatsira vanhu muJenin nedzimwe nzvimbo dzeOccupied Territories kubvira 27 Kukadzi.
- Mapoka ane zvombo ePalestine anofanirwa kumisa kurwiswa nemaune kwevanhuwo zvavo.
- Chiremera chePalestine chinofanira kupa mhosva nekuita zvese zvinogoneka kudzivirira kurwiswa kwevanhu veIsrael.
- Nyika dzepasi rose dzinofanirwa kuita nekuchimbidza kutumira mucherechedzi wepasi rose ane simba uye rakajeka chikamu chekodzero dzevanhu kuIsrael neMatunhu Akabatwa.
- Mativi ese nenyika dzepasi rose dzinofanirwa kuona kuti chero runyararo kana kumisa moto kwagadzirisa kutyorwa kwekodzero dzevanhu vePalestine uko kuri musimboti wegakava iri.
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(1) Matambudziko akawedzera nekuti nharembozha dzaigarodimburwa uye kambani yenharembozha yokuPalestine yakakuvadzwa. Kazhinji chete avo vane nharembozha dzeIsrael ndivo vaigona kufona kunze asi, nemagetsi zvakare aigara achidzimwa, vaisakwanisa kuchaja mabhatiri avo.
(2) Israel neNzvimbo Dzakagarwa: Kunyanya kushandisa simba rinouraya (AI Index: MDE 15/41/00, Gumiguru 2000)
(3) Israeri uye Nzvimbo Dzakatorwa: Kuparadza uye kubviswa: kuparadzwa kwemisha yePalestine. (AI Index: MDE 15/59/99, Zvita 1999)
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
dhoneta