Njodzi dzenyukireya dzeFukushima dzakawanda dzinoramba dzichiburitsa zvinhu zvinopisa kunge hakuna mangwana. Nekuonekwa kwese, kuri kuramba kuchiwedzera, kusadzora kunyukireya kunyukireya.
Musi waChikumi 19 TEPCO Zvinonzi kuverenga kwepamusoro-soro kwestrontium-90 kunze kweFukushima plant ports. Kuverenga kwaiva 1,000,000 Bq/m3 ye strontium-90 panzvimbo mbiri dziri pedyo nekutora mvura yeReactors 3 uye 4. TEPCO haina kukwanisa kutsanangura spike kumusoro mukuverenga. Maverengero ekutanga epamusoro aive 700,000 Bq/m3.
Strontium-90 inogadzirwa nenyukireya reactor kana panguva yekuputika kwezvombo zvenyukireya; semuenzaniso, inoonekwa sechinhu chine njodzi zvakanyanya cheradioactive fallout kubva pachombo chenyukireya.1 Chinhu chinokonzera gomarara nekuti chinokuvadza genetic material (DNA) mumasero. Strontium-90 haiwaniki mune zvakasikwa. Chibereko chenyika yenyukireya yanhasi; semuenzaniso, strontium-90 ichangobva kuwanikwa, kubva muna Nyamavhuvhu 2014, kekutanga, nedhipatimendi rehutano reVermont mumvura yepasi Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Station. Sezvineiwo, Vermont Yankee, kubva muna Zvita 29, 2014, iri kuvharwa.
Kana fission chain reaction yeuranium-235 kana plutonium-239 ichishanda muchiteshi chemagetsi chenyukireya chinotakura mudziyo, inoburitsa huwandu hwakawanda hweanouraya radioactive isotopes. Strontium-90 inongova imwe yeiyo. Saka, kumwe kuFukushima Dai-ichih maatomu mazhinji ari kupatsanuka seanopenga (ukuwo Einstein e=mc2 anotendeuka muguva rake) uye ergo, yakawanda strontium-90 inobuda uye inorembera kwemakumi emakore pamakumi emakore. Iri harisi dambudziko diki.
Ndosaka Einstein akati, "Simba renyukireya inzira imwe yekubikisa mvura."
Semuenzaniso, huwandu hukuru hwestrontium-90 hwakaputika mumhepo kubva pakuputika kwenyukireya kuChernobyl (1986), yakapararira pamusoro peSoviet Republics yekare uye mativi eEurope. Nokudaro, strontium-90, pamwe chete nemamwe isotopes ane radioactive, inouraya uye inoremadza vanhu, vanhu vazhinji, kusvika nhasi, zvimwe pane izvi gare gare.
Kurima muFukushima
Nekuda kwekudonha kwenyukireya kweFukushima, varimi munzvimbo huru vakave nekuoma kwayo. Somuenzaniso, musi waChikumi 6, 2013 varimi vokuJapan yakasangana neTEPCO nevakuru vehurumende, kusanganisira mukuru anoona nezveBazi Rezveupfumi, Kutengeserana neMaindasitiri (Rakashandurwa uye Rakapepetwa neWorld Network for Saving Children from Radiation).
Vhidhiyo yemaminitsi gumi nematatu yemusangano wevarimi nevakuru inoratidza varimi vachipupura nezvechikafu chine utachiona vachiti, โHatizvidye isu pachedu, asi tinozvitengesaโฆ Ndinoziva kuti mune chatinorima mune mwaranzi. Ndinonzwa ndine mhosva pamusoro pekukura uye kuzvitengesa kuvatengi. "
Eya, chokwadi zvakakwana, vakuru vakuru veDhipatimendi Rezveutano reNew Taipei City (Taipei, Taiwan), nezvimwe zviremera zvinochengeta mutemo, zvakabvuta zvinhu zvakanga zvakanyorwa zvisiri izvo muJapan. Zvinoita sokuti โzvigadzirwa zvezvokudya zveJapan zvinopfuura 283 zvakaunzwa kubva munzvimbo dzine mwaranzi pedyo nenjodzi yenyukireya yeFukushima Dai-ichi zvakawanwa kuti zvakanzi zvakabva kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzeJapan uye zvakatengeswa kuvatengi vomunzvimbomo.โ2
Zvichakadaro, mukati memwedzi mishoma yechiitiko chisiri pamutemo chenhema, Taiwan inodhirowa mutsara mujecha wezvokudya zveJapan.3
Kwete izvozvo chete asi pazvitsitsinho zvekuwanikwa kweTaiwan kweiyo mislabelling gimmick, uye mwedzi mitatu chete gare gare, svondo rino rapfuura, zviremera zveJapan zviri kukumbira China kuti ibvise zvirambidzo.4 Pakutanga, China yairambidza kupinzwa kunze kwechikafu kubva kumatunhu gumi muJapan, kusanganisira Miyagi, Nagano, neFukushima.
Japan ingave nehungwaru kuti China itange yabvunza neUnited States nekuti nechivimbo, zvine hungwaru, zvisingaite Secretary of State Hillary Clinton anonzi akasaina chibvumirano chakavanzika neJapan mukati memwedzi mumwe wekunyungudika kweUS kuti ienderere mberi nekutenga chikafu cheJapan, hapana mibvunzo yakabvunzwa.5
Zvichakadaro, Chancellor Merkel (PhD, fizikisi) akaraira kuvharwa kwezvirimwa zvemagetsi enyukireya muGermany yose. Hmm.
Fukushima uye Yedu Radioactive Ocean
Maererano neWoods Hole Oceanographic Institute, Vhidhiyo- Kurume 2015:
Pakaputika Fukushima, magasi eradioactive uye zvimedu zvakabuda mumhepo. Zvizhinji zvakawira pedyo panyika uye munyanza. Munyanza padhuze neFukushima, mazinga ecesium-137 ne134, maviri ezvakanyanya kuwanda eradioactive zvinhu zvakaburitswa, zvakapetwa kanopfuura 50,000,000 nguva pamusoro pemazinga ekumashure.
Zvakangodaro, maererano neWoods Hole Oceanographic Institute:
Masayendisiti akafananidza mhumhu anofanotaura kuti radioactivity kuWest Coast yeNorth America ichawedzera, asi icharamba iri pamatanho asiri kutyisidzira vanhu kana hupenyu hwemugungwa.
Kusvika pari zvino, zvichibva pakuyedzwa chaiko kwemvura nehupenyu hwemugungwa muPacific Ocean neWoods Hole, mazinga eradioactive pamwe neNorth American West Coast anoramba akaderera, kwete kutyisidzira vanhu, kwete kutyisidzira kuhupenyu hwemugungwa, kusvika parizvino.
Fukushima neOcean Impact yayo
Sekureva kwaDr. Ken Buesseler, Senior Scientist, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute, Kurume 11, 2015, cesium inotorwa mumambure echikafu chemugungwa inonatswa, semuenzaniso, kana Bluefin tuna inoshambira mhiri kwePacific, inorasikirwa, kuburikidza nekubuda, ingangoita imwe- hafu yekudya kwecesium inopinzwa mumvura yeJapan.
Tichitarisira, hapana hove dzekutengesa dzakavhurwa munzvimbo dzakakanganiswa neFukushima dzeJapan. Pakuramba uchitariswa, hapana kubata hove kunotenderwa munzvimbo dzine utachiona dziri pedyo nemhenderekedzo yegungwa.
Kana huwandu hwekusvibiswa kwehove muJapan hunofananidzwa nehove dziri pamhenderekedzo yeNorth America, huwandu hwemwaranzi hushoma muCanada uye muUS Nekuda kweizvozvo, maererano neongororo yakaitwa naWoods Hole, kudya hove kubva kuUS Pacific mudunhu ndiko. zvakanaka.
Kwete izvozvo chete, asi pane kugashira zvine mutsindo zvirevo zvehurumende yeUS nezve kuchengetedzwa kubva kumwaranzi mumakungwa, Dr. Buesseler vakagadzira network yevagari inonzi โHow Radioactive is Our Ocean?โ uko vanhu vanopa nekutora sampuli vachizvidira. Yese sampuli kubva kuWest Coast yaive necesium-137, asi huwandu hwakaderera uye pamatanho haakuvadze kuvanhu, kusvika parizvino.
Asi, pane yambiro, Dr. Buesseler ndiye wekutanga kubvuma mamiriro ezvinhu anoda kugara achitariswa.
Zvakawanikwa neWoods Hole Oceanographic Institute hazvina kukwana kudzinga kushushikana kwehutano nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakawanda, pakati pazvo Fukushima iri chena inopisa neradioactivity, yakaturikwa netambo, iri panjodzi yekumwe kudengenyeka kwenyika kana kukanganisa kunobva mukati. Ndiani anoziva? Hazvichadzoreki zvachose!
ICalifornia Coastal Commission yakabudisa mushumo unobvumirana nemazinga akaderera eFukushima-derived radionuclides akaonekwa mumhepo, mvura yekunwa, zvokudya, mvura yegungwa, uye upenyu hwemvura muCalifornia; zvisinei, "zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti mhedzisiro yenguva refu yemwaranzi yakaderera munharaunda inoramba isina kunzwisiswa ...."6
Ngozi yenguva refu yekusangana nemwaranzi yakaderera haina kujeka. Zvidzidzo zvevarwere veradiotherapy nevamwe zvinoratidza kuti kune kuwedzera kukuru kwengozi yegomarara kana kuratidzwa kwehupenyu kunopfuura 100,000 microsieverts, maererano ne World Health Organization. Munhu anoratidzirwa zuva nezuva kumwaranzi yemwaranzi pamugumo wakakwirira wemwero zvino kuonwa paMiyakoji [musha uri muFukushima Prefecture] aizosvika mwero iwoyo wokuratidzirwa kwoupenyu hwose mumakore asingasviki 23.7
Yazvino Mamiriro eFukushima Nuclear Site
Sekureva kwaDr. Ken Buesseler veWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution, vanoenda kuJapan kunoyera mwero wemwaranzi: Nzvimbo iyi inoramba ichiburitsa zvinhu zvine mwaranzi. Muchokwadi, kuburitswa kwestrontium-90 kwakakura nechikamu che100 kana ichienzaniswa ne2011 mazinga. Nemamwe mashoko, mamiriro acho ezvinhu ari kuwedzera kuipa. Kazana chero chinhu chakakura kwazvo, kunyanya kana iri mwaranzi.
Strontium-90 ine ngozi zvikuru, uye sezvazvinoitika, mvura ine mwaranzi yakawanda inoramba ichibuda muFukushima Dai-ichih zvivako zvinoita sedambudziko risingaperi, risingaperi. Icho chokwadi chekuti strontium-90 yakawedzera nechikamu che100 kubva pakaitika njodzi ndicho chikonzero chekufungisisa. Uyezve, hapana munhu ari pamusoro penyika anoziva zviri kuitika mukati memidziyo yenyukireya, asi sezviri pachena, hazvina kunaka. Zvingangodaro, zvakaipa chaizvo.
Maererano naDr. Helen Caldicott:
Iko hakuna nzira yavanogona kusvika kune iwo macores, varume vanofa, marobhoti anobikwa. Fukushima haizombogadziriswi. Zvichakadaro, vanhu vachiri kugara munzvimbo dzine mwaranzi yakawanda.8
Kuenzanisa kuongororwa kweTatu Mile Island (1979), Chernobyl (1986), uye Fukushima (2011)
Njodzi nhatu dzenyukireya dzichangopfuura pasi rose hadzina kufanana muzvinhu zvakawanda. Zvisinei, vose vari vatatu vari pasi pechirevo chimwe chete chokuti: โtsaona chinhu chisina kurongwa.โ Nokudaro, netsanangudzo, mukuongorora kwekupedzisira, njodzi ine simba renyukireya isingagumi. Fukushima chiratidzo.
Chikepe chetatu cheMile Island, muhukuru, chakazadzisa chinangwa chayo nekuve nemwaranzi yakawanda saka pakanga paine mwaranzi shoma yakaburitswa. Saka nekudaro, Three Mile Island ndiyo inonyanya kukuvadza pazviitiko zvitatu.
Kusiyana neizvi, Chernobyl yakanga isina mudziyo wekutakura wakakwana uye nekuda kweizvozvo, kuputika kwacho kwakatumira pombi hombe yemagetsi emwaranzi inoputika mumhepo, ichisvibisa 70 square kilometer (inenge 30 sq. mi.) nharaunda, "yakafa nzvimboโ isingagarike zvachose, isingagarike nokusingaperi.
Kusvikira nhasi, makumi ezviuru zvevanhu vakabatwa neChernobyl vanoramba vachitambura, uye vanofa, vachikumbira mubvunzo wekuti Fukushima inogona kuipa here. Mushure mezvose, iyo incubation nguva yemwaranzi mumuviri ndeye 5-kusvika-40 makore (Caldicott). Semuyenzaniso, zvakatora makore mashanu kuti vana veChernobyl vave nekenza (Caldicott), uye Fukushima yakaitika muna 5.
"Fukushima haisi Chernobyl, asi inogona kuipa. Ingwavaira yakawanda iri kuitika mukati memakiromita 150 eguta revanhu vane mamiriyoni makumi matatu,โ anodaro John Vidal. Ipo, Chernobyl yaingove imwe chete reactor munzvimbo ine 30 miriyoni vanhu.
John Vidal, mupepeti wezvakatipoteredza, The Guardian bepanhau (UK), akaenda kuChernobyl:
Makore mashanu apfuura ndakashanyira nzvimbo dzichiri dzakasvibiswa zvikuru dzeUkraine nemuganhu weBelarus uko yakawanda yeradioactive plume kubva kuChernobyl yakaburuka musi wa26 Kubvumbi 1986. Ini ndinopikisa mukuru wesainzi John Beddington nevanoongorora zvakatipoteredza vakaita saGeorge Monbiot kana chero ipi zvayo yenyanzvi zvino kuderedza njodzi. yemwaranzi yemwaranzi kuti itaure navanachiremba, masayendisiti, vanaamai, vana nevagari vomumusha vakasiiwa nemigumisiro yetsaona huru yenyukireya. Zvairwadza. Takafamba kubva kuchipatara kuenda kuchipatara uye kubva kune mumwe musha une utachiona kuenda kune mumwe. Takawana vacheche vakaremara uye vane genetically mutated mumawadhi; vana vanorwara zvinosiririsa mudzimba; vechidiki vane kukura kwakaoma uye torsos duku; vana vasina zvidya kana zvigunwe uye vagari vomumusha vakatiudza kuti munhu wose wemhuri yavo airwara. Aya aive makore makumi maviri mushure metsaona iyi, asi takanzwa nezvemapoka akawanda asina kujairika avanhu vane gomarara remabhonzoโฆ Vagari vomumusha vakapupura kuti 'Chernobyl necklace' - gomarara regomarara - rakanga rakajairika zvekuti hazvishamisi.9
Pane zvakawanda.
Konstantin Tatuyan, mumwe weโvanyanyisiโ vakanga vabatsira kuchenesa chirimwa chacho [Chernobyl], akatiudza kuti vanenge vaaishanda navo vose vakanga vafa kana kuti vaiva nekenza yerudzi rwakasiyana-siyana, asi kuti hapana akanga ambomubvunza uchapupu. Pakave nekugumbuka kwakanyanya munzira iyo UN, indasitiri uye nyanzvi dzisina ruzivo dzakaita sei pasi dambudziko.10
Uye nezvimwe zvakadaro:
Alexy Yablokov, nhengo yeRussian Academy of Sciences, uye chipangamazano waPresident Gorbachev panguva yeChernobyl: 'Kana ukasanzwa njodzi yekukurumidza [kubva mumwaranzi yenyukireya] unofanira kutiza nekukurumidza sezvaunokwanisa'โฆ mukupera kwa2006, Yablokov nevamwe vaviri vaaishanda navo, vachikonzera kudonha kwepasi rose kwekuzvarwa uye kuwedzera kwegomarara rakaonekwa mushure metsaona, inofungidzirwa mu chidzidzo chakabudiswa muzvinyorwa zveNew York Academy of Sciences kuti vanhu 985,000 vakanga vafa kusvika zvino uye nharaunda yakanga yaparadzwa. Zvavakawana zvakasangana nekunyarara kunenge kwakazara neWorld Health Organisation neindasitiri.11
The nharaunda rakaparadzwa uye zvinenge miriyoni imwe yakafa. Simba renyukireya rinofanirwa nenjodzi dzacho here? Chancellor Merkel haaite seanofunga kudaro.
Panjodzi nhatu huru dzenyukireya, Fukushima ine kusarudzika kwayo. Hukuru hwedambudziko hwakakura, hunosvika kure, uye hunokatyamadza sezvo midziyo yemidziyo iri kubuda radioactivity mazuva ese, awa yega, miniti yega yega. Nzira yekumisa sei hazvizivikanwe, iyo inogona kunge iri tsananguro yekunyungudika kwenyukireya!
Zvikepe zvekutanga zvemidziyo paFukushima zvinogona kunge zvakadzivirira kuburitswa kweChernobyl-mhando huru yeradioactivity mumhepo mune kumwe kuputika kukuru. Kunyangwe zvakadaro, Fukushima yakave nemabhomba mana ehydrogen muzvikamu zvechipiri zvemidziyo, uye sezvakambotaurwa, maererano neWoods Hole Oceanographic Institute:
Pakaputika Fukushimaโฆ mazinga ecesium-137 uye 134, maviri ezvakanyanya kuwanda eradioactive zvinhu zvakaburitswa, zvakapetwa kanopfuura 50,000,000 nguva pamusoro pemazinga ekumashure.
Asi, zvinotonyanya kukosha, zvinonetsa, uye zvinotyisidzira midziyo yemidziyo yekutanga idambudziko rinorwadza renzvimbo isingazivikanwe, nguva isingazivikanwe, mwero usingazivikanwe wekuparadza, sezvo kunyungudika kwenyukireya kwakasiya matani zana emafuta eradioactive chena pane imwe nzvimbo, asi kupi?
"Gehena harina chinhu uye madhimoni ese ari pano," William Shakespeare Dutu.
Postscript: Chinyararire kupinda Njodzi ifirimu rinokwezva, rinoyevedza, rakanaka-refu rinoongorora mhedzisiro yenyukireya fission, Yakagadzirwa na: Holger Strohm, Inotungamirwa naMarcin El.
Robert Hunziker (MA, nhoroondo yehupfumi, DePaul University) munyori akazvimiririra uye mutori wenhau wezvakatipoteredza ane zvinyorwa zvakashandurirwa mumitauro yekunze uye zvakabuda mumagazini anopfuura makumi mashanu, magazini, uye masaiti pasi rese. Anogona kufonerwa pa: [email inodzivirirwa]. Verenga zvimwe zvinyorwa naRobert.
- HyperPhysics, Dhipatimendi reFizikisi neAstronomy, Georgia State University [.]
- Stephanie Chao, 283 Mislabeled Japanese Food Products Originated Near Fukushima, Iyo China Post, Kurume 25, 2015. [.]
- "Taiwan Inosimbisa Kudzora Kwakasimba paKutorwa Kwekudya kweJapan", JR Wu muTaipei naAmi Miyazaki muTokyo, Reuters, Chivabvu 15, 2015 [.]
- "Japan Inokumbira China Kurerutsa Kutemerwa Kwekudya Kunounzwa Mushure meFukushima Nuclear Disaster", South China Morning Post, Chikumi 25, 2015. [.]
- Deborah Dupre, "Kupisa vanhu vekuAmerica: Fukushima kunaya, Clinton's Chakavanzika Chikafu Pactโ, Examiner.com, Nyamavhuvhu 14, 2011 [.]
- Chirevo pamusoro peFukushima Dai-ichih Nuclear Disaster uye Radioactivity pamwe neCalifornia Coast, California Coastal Commission, Kubvumbi 30, 2014. [.]
- Patrick J. Kiger, "Fukushima Return: PaNuclear Site, Yakachengeteka Sei?" National Geographic, Kubvumbi 2, 2014..]
- Helen Caldicott, Hurukuro paSeattle Town Hall, Gunyana 28, 2014..]
- John Vidal, "Nuclear's Green Cheerleaders Kukanganwa Chernobyl Panjodzi Yedu", The Guardian, Kubvumbi 1, 2011..]
- Ibid [.]
- Ibid. [.]
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
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