The kusiyana mukupindura kune zvakaburitswa naEdward Snowden mukati meUSA neUK zvinoshamisa. Mukutarisana nekutsamwa kweruzhinji, manejimendi eUS ari kuzvipa mhosva kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti haisi kurasikirwa nehunyanzvi hwayo hwekuchera data: kongiresi inoitwa, vezvenhau vari munzira yehondo, uye vakuru vehurumende vari kumanikidzwa kubvuma izvozvo vakanyepa pamusoro pekushanda kwekuongorora kusingaperi mukudzivirira ugandanga.
Vhiki rino chete General Alexander, mukuru weNSA ane nhoroondo refu yekunyepera hurumende, aive kumanikidzwa kubvuma kuti zvirongwa zvekuongorora zvisingaperi zvakangobatsira kukanganisa zvirongwa zvemagandanga zvishoma. Uyu mutsauko mukuru kubva panhamba yapfuura ye54 iyo yaaitaura achitenderedza.
Cue inodaidzira kuti kuongororwa kudzorerwe mukati, zvirinani kurwisa maAmerican. Mune ramangwana kuongorora kwakadaro kunofanira kungoitwa kune vanhu vakanangwa vari kuferefetwa zvine hungwaru. Izvo zvese zvakanaka uye zvakanaka, asi zvichiri kusiya ruzhinji rwepasi rose kurarama hupenyu hwavo pasi pekutarisa kunotyisa kweUS panopticon. Uye kana kugona kukaramba kuripo kuti utarise nyika yese, maAmerican angave sei nechokwadi chekuti NSA and said haungadzokeri kunovaona kana kunyomba kwapera - kana kungokumbira shamwari dzavo dzepamwoyo muGCHQ kuti dzivaitire basa ravo rakasviba?
Ndine chokwadi chekuti UK's GCHQ ichafara kupinda mukutyora. Yakatopihwa mari neNSA, kusvika padanho re $100 mamiriyoni mumakore mashoma apfuura; ine nhoroondo refu yekunzvenga kodzero dzebumbiro reUS dzekusora vagari vemuUS (sevatorwa), uye nekungopfuudza ruzivo urwu kune vanotenda NSA, sezvatinoziva kubva kune yekare. Echelon scandal; uye ine zvakawanda zviri pamutemo kusununguka pasi pemitemo yeBritish oversight. Muchokwadi, izvi zvinonyatsoonekwa sea nzvimbo yekutengesa kune vekuAmerica kubva pane zvatakaona mukuburitswa kweSnowden.
GCHQ ndeyechokwadi muongororo iyi - iwo matatu ekutanga masangano ehungwaru eUK ndiwo anozvidavirira uye akadzivirirwa zviri pamutemo mune chero demokrasi yekumadokero. Havasi ivo chete vasunungurwe kubva kune chero chechokwadi uye chine musoro chekutarisa, ivo zvakare vanodzivirirwa kubva pakuburitswa neDraconian 1989 Official Secrets Act, yakagadzirirwa kunyanya kupa mhosva vanoridza muridzo, pamwe nekuve ne hurongwa hwemutemo kudzvanyirira kuburitswa kwenhau kana mashoko akadaro akabuda.
Izvi zvinogona, chokwadi, chiri chikonzero chekuti UK midhiya haisi kuvhara zvakaburitswa Snowden zvakanyanya - a self-censoring "D" Notice raburitswa richipesana nevezvenhau, uye The Guardian yakanga iine Masevha eUK akapwanywa nemapurisa epachivande. 1930s Germany, chero ani?
Defenders of the chinzvimbo kwakabva vatobuda nesimba. Munyori Wezvekune dzimwe nyika, William Hague, uyo anonzi ane mutoro weGCHQ, akataura nemoyo wese kuti zvese zvaive zviri pamutemo uye zvakaenzana, naSir Malcolm Rifkind, sachigaro weIntelligence and Security Committee muparamende svondo rapfuura. zvakaziviswa zvakasimba kuti ISC yakanga yaongorora GCHQ uye yakaona kuti kucherwa kwayo kwedata kwaive kwepamutemo sezvo yaive nemvumo yemakurukota.
Zvakanaka izvo zvese OK ipapo. Dzokera kunorara, vagari veku UK.
Izvo Hague naRifkind vakaregeredza kutaura ndezvekuti hurongwa hwehutongi hwehufundisi hwakagadzirirwa kunangana nevanofungirwa, kwete vanhu vese. Uyezve, semunyori wekune dzimwe nyika anotarisira MI6 panguva yekuuraya zvisiri pamutemo kwaGaddafi muna 1996, Rifkind yevanhu vose vanofanira kuziva kuti vasori"mari nechokwadi".
Pamusoro pe, sezvandambonyora, vazhinji vaimbove vasori vepamusoro uye mapurisa vakabvuma kuti vakatsausa vakanyepera ISC. Chokwadi, Rifkind akakwanisa kuwana mamwe masimba matsva ekutarisa eISC, asi achiri mashoma uye makore makumi maviri anonoka.
Izvi zvinoratidza zvanga zvichiitika muAmerica mumakore mashoma apfuura, mukuru mukuru wevasori mushure mekubatwa achinyepa kumakomiti ekongiresi. Ndichiri kuUK zvirevo kuISC kusvika parizvino zvisati zvaitwa pasi pemhiko, zvakataurwa kuUS Congress ndeizvi - saka nei pasi pano vari pachena vakapika nhema saClapper naAlexander vachingori pabasa, ndoda kusapomerwa mhosva?
Zvinoita sekuti US iri kudzidza zvakanaka kubva kune aimbove tenzi wekoloni nezve zvese zvakavanzika zvepamutemo, kusvika uye kusanganisira zvisiri pamutemo mashandiro anogona kunyaradzwa nepfungwa isina kujeka uye pamutemo isina kutsanangurwa ye "kuchengetedzwa kwenyika", kushandiswa kwehungwaru hwekunyepedzera kutora. isu kuhondo, uye kutambudzwa kwevanoridza muridzo.
Kunze kwekunge iyo US ine zvisingaite yakakura-saizi yehondo kune vanoridza muridzo. Tichiri kuUK takatanga nemutemo we1911 Official Secrets Act, uyo vatengesi vaigona kuvharirwa kwemakore gumi nemana, muna 14 mutemo wakagadziridzwa kuti ubatanidze vanoridza muridzo - izvo mutongo wacho uri makore maviri pamhosva yega yega.
IUS, zvisinei, ine yayo chete Hoary old Espionage Act kubva muna 1917 uye yakagadzirirwa kupomera vatengesi. Pasina zvigadziriso uye zvigadziriso, ichi ndicho chiitiko chave kuendeswa kune kutyisidzira vanoridza muridzo vemazuva ano vanoshanda muzera redhijitari. Uye zvigadziro zvinogona kuenda kure kutongerwa rufu.
Mutungamiri Obama pamwe nesangano rehungwaru remuAmerica vari kushandisa mutemo uyu kurwa hondo nevanoridza muridzo. Panguva yehutungamiriri hwavo vakaedza kuchuchisa vanhu vanomwe vari kuridza muridzo pasi pemutemo weEspionage Act uyu - kupfuura vatungamiri vose vakambosangana pamwe chete - asi kana vasori chaivo vabatwa, sezvakaitika kuRussian Spy Ring muna 2010, Obama akafara kucheka chibvumirano. uye wovaendesa kumusha.
Mumwe muenzaniso wakatonyanya kuomesa mate mukanwa wakabuda muna Nyamavhuvhu, apo kuvuza sezviri pachena kukanganisa kuvhiyiwa kunoramba kuripo kuongorora chirongwa cheAl Qaeda chakarongwa kurwisa embassy yeUS kuMiddle East. Kudengenyeka uku kwakonzera kukuvadzwa nekukasira uye nekukanganisika kwehunyanzvi hweNSA mukuongorora hugandanga, asi zvakadaro hapana ati azvidavirire.
Asi, hee, unozvinetserei nekuferefeta kwakaoma kwekudonha iwe uchikwanisa kutevera muchero wakarembera - unozivikanwa sevanoridza muridzo "vanobuda" kuti vabatsire veruzhinji?
Izvi kwandiri zvinoratidza izvo zvivakwa zvehungwaru zveUS zvinoti ndiyo nyaya chaiyo iripo - "kutyisidzira kwemukati"uyo anogona kuzivisa ruzivo rwakakosha nezve mhosva dzehurumende kune vagari venyika.
Uye zvakadaro vamiriri veUS vachiri kuburitsa mitsara yakaneta pamusoro pehugandanga. Senator Lindsey Graham akataura svondo rino kuti nhanho iripo yekuongororwa kwechirwere ingadai yakadzivirira 9/11. Zvakanaka, kwete, sezvakataurwa nevashandi vehungwaru vekare. Coleen Rowley - nguva Munhu WeGore 2002 - ane mukurumbira nekuratidza kuti masangano ehungwaru eUS aive neyambiro, haana kungobatana nemadots. Zvakawanda zvakadii zvino maitiro aya angave aine tsunami yehungwaru hwakacherwa data?
Muchidimbu, zvakanaka kuona kanenge kekutarisisa kwedemocracy ichiitwa muUSA, post-Snowden. Zvinonyadzisa kuti akadaro a gakava regutsaruzhinji harisi kuitwa muUK, inova ndiyo inonyanya gonesa yekusagadzikana kweUSA pakuongorora kwemagetsi.
Nekudaro, ndinotya kuti kunonoka kunonoka. Sezvatakaona kuburikidza nenhoroondo, iyo chete yekudzivirira kubva kune inotsvedza yakananga kune hutongi hwejekerere ndeye yemahara midhiya inobvumira kusununguka kuendesa pfungwa pakati pevanhu pasina chikonzero chekuzviongorora. Iyo yepasi rose yemauto-chengetedzo yakaoma yeUS yakanyudzwa muDNA yeinternet. Hatigone kuvimba neUSA kuti idzose nekuzvipira masimba ayakabata, isu tinogona kungoshanda takavatenderedza sezvakaita Brazil. akataura kuti ichaita, uye se EU iri kufunga.
Kunze kwaizvozvo, mutoro wekuvanzika kwedu uri mumaoko edu pachedu.
Annie Machon aimbove mukuru wehungwaru kuUK's MI5, akasiya chigaro muna 1996 kuridza muridzo. Iye zvino munyori, mukurukuri weruzhinji uye Director weMutemo Wekusimbisa Kurwisa Kurambidzwa.
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
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