The Universal Declaration of Human Rights yakasvitsa makore makumi manomwe pana Zvita 10. Hurumende nemasangano akazvimirira pasi rose akarangarira zuva iri nezviitiko zvakasiyana-siyana.
Kwemakore apfuura, Chiziviso chave chiri chiratidzo chepasi rose kune vanhu vemuAfrica vari kurwisana nekolonialism uye kubatanidza kuenzana kwehupfumi nebudiriro inoenderera mberi. Gadziriro dzaro dzinomira senharidzano dzemarudzi, uye mipimo iyo nyika dzinosungirwa kutsigira nokukurudzira.
Asi zvakadini kana pasinei zvapo nechisungo chenyika yako chokutsigira idzi norumwe rusununguko runokosha, gore rimwe nerimwe yakabirwa mari inodiwa kusimudzira nokudzivirira kodzero?
Izvi ndizvo zviri kuitika kunyika zhinji dzemuAfrica, uko kufambiswa kwemari kusiri pamutemo (IFFs) kunobira nyika mari inosvika madhora mabhiriyoni makumi matanhatu negumi pagore rega rega - kurasikirwa kuri munyika dzakawanda kunodarika mari inoiswa kunze kwenyika nerubatsiro rwebudiriro. Mari yaigona kushandiswa kuchengetedza kodzero dzekutanga dzehupfumi nemagariro - semuenzaniso kodzero dzekuchengetedzeka kwevanhu, basa rakanaka, uye chiremera chemunhu - panzvimbo pacho inochengetwa munzvimbo dzemutero pachivande kuti vabatsirwe nevakuru vemakambani.
Muna 2015, African Union's Economic Commission on Africa yakaburitsa Kuyerera Kwemari Kusiri pamutemo: Chirevo chePaneti Yepamusoro-soro pane Illicit Financial Flows kubva kuAfrica.. Chirevo - chinowanzozivikanwa se Mbeki Report mushure mesachigaro wedare, aimbove Mutungamiriri weSouth Africa, Thabo Mbeki - anotsanangura IFF se "mari inowanikwa zvisiri pamutemo, kutamiswa, kana kushandiswa zvisiri pamutemo," tsananguro inosanganisira kubira mari, kushungurudzwa kwemutero, kushandiswa kwemisika uye kutonga, pamwe nemaitiro "anopesana neakasimbiswa. mitemo netsika, kusanganisira zvinosungirwa nemutemo kubhadhara mutero.โ
Zvimwe zvikamu makumi matatu kubva muzana zveIFF zvinonzi zvinokonzerwa nehutsotsi, uye zvikamu zvishanu kubva muzana ndezvehuwori. Dare racho rakasarudza kuti 30 muzana inonzi ndeyekutengeserana kana bhizinesi chiitiko. Nzira yakatekeshera kwazvo yekubira kwekutengeserana itsika yekutengeserana zvisirizvo, uko makambani anoshuma mitengo yekutumira kune nyika ichiri kusimukira iyo iri pasi pehukoshi hwavo chaihwo, izvo zvinoguma nekudzikiswa kwemitero yemakambani, mutero wecustoms, uye mutero wekuwedzera kukosha (VAT. )
Nigeria, nyika ine vanhu vakawanda muAfrica uye hupfumi hwayo hukuru, yakarasikirwa nemadhora mabhiriyoni maviri nemazana maviri emadhora nenzira iyi muna 2.2, iyo maererano neGlobal Financial Integrity (GFI), Washington, DC-based think tank, yakaenzana ne2014 muzana yemari yese yehurumende.
Zviwanikwa izvozvo zvingadai zvakashandiswa pakudyara mari mudzidzo, mune zveutano, kana kugadzirisa dambudziko rinoramba riripo rekubiwa kwemari nehurumende. Vanoda kusvika makumi matatu kubva mumatunhu makumi matatu nematanhatu eNigeria havakwanise kubhadhara vashandi vavo nenguva. Maererano ne Kushandira Runyararo muNorth-East Nigeria, mushumo waGunyana 2018 neSolidarity Center, sangano revashandi repasi rose rekuUS, vashandi vezvekurapa vanochengeta vakatamiswa mukati meBoko Haram vanobhadharwa mihoro yavo yehurumende zvisiri pamutemo, zvisinei nekuti ivo - pamwe nevadzidzisi nevashandi vehurumende - vanotariswa. uye vakaurayiwa neboka rinopfurikidza mwero.
Ghana inorasikirwa inoda kusvika mabhiriyoni 1.4 emadhora pagore kumaIFF. Sezvo mari yaive nechikwereti kuGhana yakabva munyika, yakakwereta mamiriyoni mazana mapfumbamwe nemakumi matatu emadhora kuInternational Monetary Fund (IMF).
South Africa, imwe yenyika dzisina kuenzana zvakanyanya pasi rose, inoshuma avhareji yemabhiriyoni manomwe nemazana mana emadhora pagore yakarasikirwa neIFFs kubva muna 7.4-2010. Munyika ine 2014 muzana yekushaikwa kwemabasa, uko inoda kusvika chikamu chimwe muzvina chevanhu vanonzwa nzara zuva rega rega, maIFF anogona kuve nemhedzisiro inouraya.
Nourwu rudzi rwoumbavha rwenguva dzose, vagari venyika dziri kubudirira vanogona sei kuchengetedza chipikirwa chenyika yose chorusununguko runokosha?
Kurwisa maIFF chinhu chakakosha muAfrica, asi nyika dzepasi rose dzine basa rekuita.
Kana iyo inotevera US Congress yasangana, kutaura neIFFs mukana wakakosha. Mbeki Report inoti US inzvimbo yepamusoro yeIFF, kunyanya idzo dzakabva mukukanganiswa kwemitengo yemafuta kubva kuNigeria neAlgeria, masimbi anokosha kubva kunyika dziri kuSouthern Africa Customs Union, uye cocoa kubva kuCote d'Ivoire,
Zvisinei nekupokana, kupatsanurana, uye hyper-partisanship inoratidza zvematongerwo enyika muWashington nhasi, pane nyaya dzinogona kuwanikwa kubudirira nekufambira mberi. Kurwisa maIFF ndeimwe nyaya yakadaro. Mazhinji mumapato ese ari maviri anoti anotsigira mashandiro uye zvirongwa zvemashandisirwo emari ebudiriro epasi rose - uye chii chine simba kudarika kuvhara gaka rezviwanikwa rakagadzirwa neIFF?
Congress itsva ine mukana wekutarisa nekufambisira mberi mitemo inoita kuti hutori hwemakambani uye kutonga kuve pachena, kutsigira matanho ekurwisa huwori, kusimbisa tsika dzemuAfrica uye kugona kwemuganho, uye inoda kuti mabhanga aite chikamu chawo kubvisa maIFF uye kutsigira kudzoserwa kwezvinhu zvakabiwa. , kuitira kuti nyika dziwane mari mukusimudzirwa kwehupfumi hunobatanidza izvo zvichabatsira kuvimbisa rusununguko runokosha kuvanhu vose.
Mutungamiri weGFI, Raymond Baker, akadana IFFs "chitsauko chakashata kwazvo munyaya dzepasi rose kubva muuranda." Kongiresi iri kuuya ine mukana wekubatsira kupedza chitsauko ichi uye kuwana kodzero dzakakosha kune vakawanda muAfrica.
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
dhoneta