Harry Truman akataura muSeneti yeUS muna Chikumi 23, 1941: "Kana tikaona kuti Germany iri kukunda," akadaro, "tinofanira kubatsira Russia, uye kana Russia ichikunda tinofanira kubatsira Germany, uye nenzira iyoyo ngavauraye. vakawanda sezvinobvira."
Truman aikoshesa hupenyu hweJapan pamusoro peRussia neGerman? Hapana pese panoti ndizvo zvaaita. Asi isu tinopokana, wega Nyamavhuvhu 6th kana zvakadaro, kana Truman aida kupira upenyu hwechiJapan zvisina basa kuti atyise maRussia nemabhomba ake enyukireya. Akanga achida; akanga asingadi; akanga achida. Kusiiwa kunze kwenharo iyi ndiyo mukana uri pachena wekuti kuuraya maJapan akawanda sezvinobvira kwaive pakati pezvinangwa zvaTruman.
Ongororo yeU.S. Army muna 1943 yakawana kuti inenge hafu yemaGIs ese aitenda kuti zvaizofanira kuuraya munhu wese wechiJapan ari pasi pano. William Halsey, uyo akatungamirira mauto eUnited States muSouth Pacific munguva yeHondo Yenyika II, akafunga nezvechinangwa chake se "Kuuraya Japs, kuuraya Japs, kuuraya maJaps akawanda," uye akanga apika kuti kana hondo yapera, mutauro wechiJapanese. zvaizotaurwa mugehena chete. Mutori wenhau dzehondo Edgar L. Jones akanyora muna February 1946 Atlantic Monthly, โIhondo yorudzii iyo vanhuwo zvavo vanofungidzira kuti takarwa zvakadaro? Takapfura vasungwa muropa rinotonhora, takaparadza zvipatara, takaparadza zvikepe zvokununura, takauraya kana kuti kubata zvisina kufanira vavengi varwi, takapedza muvengi akanga akuvadzwa, tikakandira vanofa mugomba nevakafa, uye mukati. yePacific yakabika nyama kubva pamatehenya evavengi kuti igadzire zvishongo zvepatafura zvevanotapira, kana kuveza mapfupa avo muvavhura tsamba. "
Pana August 6, 1945, Purezidhendi Truman akazivisa, kuti: โMaawa gumi namatanhatu apfuura ndege yeAmerica yakadonhedza bhomba rimwe paHiroshima, muzinda unokosha weMauto eJapan. 'Grand Slam' yokuBritain rinova bhomba gurusa rati ramboshandiswa munhoroondo yehondo.โ Hiroshima, chokwadika, rakanga riri guta rakazara nevanhu, kwete muzinda weMauto. Asi vanhu ivavo vaingova vaJapan. Mukuru weAustralia Sir Thomas Blamey vakaudza New York Times: "Kurwa neJaps hakuna kufanana nekurwisa vanhuwo zvavo. Jap ibenzi dikiโฆ. Hatisi kuita nevanhu sekuvaziva kwatinoita. Tiri kuita zvinhu zvechinyakare. Mauto edu ane maonero akanaka evaJaps. Vanovatora semhuka."
Vamwe vanoedza kufungidzira kuti mabhomba akapfupisa hondo ndokuponesa vanhu vakawanda kupfuura vamwe 200,000 13 vaakatora. Uye zvakadaro, mavhiki bhomba rokutanga risati rakandwa, pana July 1945, XNUMX, Japan yakatumira teregiramu kuSoviet Union ichitaura chishuvo chayo chokukanda mapfumo pasi nokugumisa hondo. United States yakanga yatyora macode eJapan ndokuverenga teregiramu yacho. Truman akataura mudhayari yake kune "teregiramu kubva kuJap Emperor achikumbira rugare." Truman akange aziviswa kuburikidza neSwitzerland nePortuguese nzira dzerunyararo rweJapan kutanga semwedzi mitatu Hiroshima isati yasvika. Japan yakaramba kungokanda mapfumo pasi pasina zvisungo uye kusiya mambo wayo, asi United States yakasimbirira pamashoko iwayo kusvikira mabhomba adonha, panguva iyoyo yakabvumira Japan kuchengeta mambo wayo.
Chipangamazano wemutungamiri wenyika, James Byrnes, akaudza Truman kuti kukanda mabhomba kwaizobvumira United States kuti "itaure mazwi ekupedza hondo." Munyori weNavy James Forrestal akanyora mubhuku rake kuti Byrnes "ainyanya kunetseka kuti nyaya yeJapan ipere maRussia asati apinda." Truman akanyora mudhayari yake kuti maSoviet aigadzirira kufora achirwisa Japan uye "Fini Japs kana zvasvika." Truman akaraira kuti bhomba ridonhe paHiroshima musi wa6 Nyamavhuvhuth uye imwe mhando yebhomba, plutonium bhomba, iyo mauto aidawo kuedza uye kuratidza, paNagasaki musi wa9 Nyamavhuvhu. Uyewo musi waAugust 9, maSoviet akarwisa maJapan. Mukati memavhiki maviri akatevera, vaSoviet vakauraya 84,000 12,000 vokuJapan vachirasikirwa neXNUMX XNUMX vevarwi vavo vamene, uye United States yakaramba ichibhomba Japan nezvombo zvisiri zvenyukireya. Ipapo maJapan akakanda mapfumo pasi.
United States Strategic Bombing Survey yakagumisa kuti,"โฆ zvirokwazvo pamberi pa 31 Zvita, 1945, uye mune zvese zvingangoita pamberi pa 1 Mbudzi, 1945, Japan ingadai yakakanda mapfumo pasi kunyangwe mabhomba eatomu akange asina kudonhedzwa, kunyangwe Russia yakanga isina kupinda. hondo, uye kunyange dai pasina kupindira kwakanga kwarongwa kana kufungidzirwa." Mumwe aipikisa akanga ataura maonero mamwe chete aya kuMunyori weHondo kusati kwaitika mabhomba aiva General Dwight Eisenhower. Sachigaro weJoint Chiefs of Staff Admiral William D. Leahy akabvuma kuti: "Kushandiswa kwechombo ichi chine utsinye paHiroshima neNagasaki kwakanga kusina rubatsiro rwenyama muhondo yedu neJapan. MaJapan akanga atokundwa uye akagadzirira kukanda mapfumo pasi."
Chero kudonhedza mabhomba kungave kwakakonzera kugumisa hondo, zvinoda kuziva kuti nzira yekutyisidzira kudonhedza, nzira yakashandiswa mukati mehafu yezana ramakore reCold War kutevera, haina kumboedzwa. Tsananguro inogona kuwanikwa mumashoko aTruman anoratidza chinangwa chekutsiva:
"Tawana bhomba takarishandisa. Takarishandisa kune avo vakatirwisa pasina yambiro paPearl Harbor, kune avo vakaziya nenzara uye vakarova nekuuraya vasungwa vehondo vekuAmerica, uye kune avo vakasiya kunyengera kwese kwekuteerera kune dzimwe nyika. mutemo wehondo."
Truman haatauri kuti akashandisa bhomba kupfupisa hondo kana kuponesa hupenyu. Anoti akashandisa bhomba nekuti aigona. "Tawana bhomba tashandisa." Uye anopa sezvikonzero zvekuzvishandisa hunhu hutatu hwevanhu vakapondwa: ivo (kana hurumende yavo) vakarwisa mauto eUS, ivo (kana hurumende yavo) vakaitira hutsinye vasungwa veUS, uye ivo (kana hurumende yavo) - uye izvi hazvishamisi. chinangwa - kupikisa mutemo wenyika dzakawanda.
Truman haaigona, sezvinei, kusarudza Tokyo sechinangwa - kwete nekuti raive guta, asi nekuti isu (kana hurumende yedu) takange tatoita kuti ive dongo.
Njodzi dzenyukireya dzingangodaro dzakanga dziri, kwete kuguma kweHondo Yenyika, asi kuvhurwa kwenhandare yeHondo Yemashoko, ine chinangwa chekutumira shoko kuSoviet. Vakuru vakawanda vakaderera uye vepamusoro-soro muuto reUnited States, kusanganisira vatungamiri vakuru, vakaedzwa kuti vatore maguta akawanda kubva ipapo, kutanga Truman achityisidzira nuke China muna 1950. Ngano yakatanga, chaizvoizvo, kuti chido chaEisenhower che nuking China chakatungamirira. kusvika kumugumo wokukurumidza weHondo yeKorea. Kutenda ngano iyi kwakaita kuti Mutungamiriri Richard Nixon, makumi emakore gare gare, afungidzire kuti aigona kupedza Hondo yeVietnam nekunyepedzera kupenga zvekugona kushandisa mabhomba enyukireya. Zvakatonyanya kunetsa, aitopenga zvakakwana. "Bhomba renyukireya, zvinokunetsa here? ... Ini ndinongoda kuti ufunge zvakakura, Henry, nezveChristsakes," Nixon akadaro kuna Henry Kissinger mukukurukura nezvesarudzo dzeVietnam.
Ini ndinongoda kuti iwe ufunge, pane kudaro, nezve nhetembo iyi:
Hiroshima
naSherwood Ross
Ini ndiri Reverend Kiyoshi Tanimoto
Akapedza kudzidza kuEmory College, Atlanta,
Mufundisi weMethodist Church yeHiroshima
Ndakanga ndiri mumusha wokumadokero apo bhomba rakarova
Seshizha rechiedza chezuva.
Kutyira mudzimai wangu nemhuri yangu
Ndakamhanya ndichidzokera kuguta
Kwandakaona mazana nemazana akatiza
Mumwe nomumwe wavo akakuvara neimwe nzira.
Tsiye dzevamwe dzakatsva
Ganda rakarembera kubva pazviso zvavo nepamaoko
Vamwe vairutsa vachifamba
Pane mimwe miviri yakashama kutsva kwakanga kwaita mapatani
Zvemaumbirwo emaruva akatamiswa
Kubva pamakimono avo kusvika paganda remunhu.
Vanenge vose vakanga vakakotamisa misoro yavo
Vakatarisa mberi, vakanyarara
Uye hapana chaakaratidza.
Pasi pedzimba zhinji ndakanzwa vanhu vakavharirwa vachiridza mhere
Kuchemera kubatsirwa asi hapana aibatsira
Uye moto wakanga uchiuya.
Ndakasvika pane mumwe mukadzi wechidiki akabata mwana wake akafa
Ndiani akandinyengerera kuti nditsvage murume wake
Saka aigona kuona mwana kekupedzisira.
Hapana zvandaikwanisa kuita kunze kwekungomuseka.
Netsaona ndakadhumana nemukadzi wangu
Vese nemwana wedu vakanga vari vapenyu uye vakagwinya.
Ndakaita mazuva ndichitakura mvura nezvokudya kune vakakuvara nevanofa.
Ndakavakumbira ruregerero: "Ndiregerereiwo," ndakati, "kusagovera mutoro wako."
Ini ndiri Reverend Kiyoshi Tanimoto
Mufundisi weMethodist Church yeHiroshima
Ndakanga ndiri mumusha wokumadokero apo bhomba rakarova
Seshizha rechiedza chezuva.
Mabhuku aDavid Swanson anosanganisira "Hondo Ndicho Nhema." Anoita blog pa http://davidswanson.org uye http://warisacrime.org uye inoshandira iyo online activist sangano http://rootsaction.org. Anogadzirira Talk Nation Radio. Mutevere pa Twitter: @davidcnswanson uye FaceBook.
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