I akawana runhare rusinganzwisisike kupera kwegore rapfuura kubva kuna Duane Morris, kambani yezvemitemo yepasirese yakavakirwa muPhiladelphia. Mukadzi parunhare akataura kuti Duane Morris aishanda nevaimbove Sen. Blanche Lincoln nemamwe makambani makuru pasi rose, akaita seMicrosoft neGoogle, kuvaka “sangano repasi” kubatsira vatengesi.
Ndakabvunza kuti bato iri raizozviita sei, uye akapindura kuti mutemo webasa unoita kuti vashandirwi vatambudzike kumatare edzimhosva uye faindi yekukanganisa nemaune vashandi - vachidaidza vashandi vakazvimirira makondirakiti kwete vashandi vekusingaperi (vanokodzera kubatsirwa). “Kusagadzikana” uku kunoita kuti vanhu vashaye basa uye, maererano nevanoronga “sangano” iri, ndiro dambudziko guru — rakakura kudarika kuwana utano, kubhadhara mabhiri, kutakura mutoro unorema wechikwereti chemudzidzi, kana kuwana mari. - kutarisana nevakasununguka nhasi.
Sezvo ndiri freelance munyori uye mupepeti, akandibvunza, handina kuda kujoinha rusununguko rwangu rwekuita bhizinesi rangu here?
Mukadzi aifona akandinanga kunew movement's Website - yakanga izere neinfotainment pamusoro pekudzivirira kodzero dzevashandi vehurumende kuti vaite mabhizinesi avo - tisingatauri mapikicha emashoko, mapikicha ezvitoro zvevaridzi vemabhizimisi maduku, uye mutambo unoshamisa zvechokwadi weFlash umo muverengi anogona kukanda snowballs parazo-toothed, tie- kupfeka zombie snowmen zvinoreva kumiririra vezvematongerwo enyika.
Webhusaiti iyi yakayambira kuti mitemo yakaita sePayroll Fraud Prevention Act uye Employee Misclassification Prevention act "inogona kumanikidza zviuru zvevanhu kuvhara mabhizinesi avo uye kudzima vashandi. Kana izvi zvikaitika, pachave nemhedzisiro yakaipa kuhupfumi. "
Zvakanga zviri pachena kuti kuedza uku kunotyisa "kufamba kwepasi" kuita kuti zvive nyore kune makambani kuisa vashandi sevane nguva yaive yekuita kuti zvive nyore kuramba mabhenefiti kune chikamu chikuru chevashandi. Kuvepo kweMicrosoft pano kwakange kuri kutofa - hofori yesoftware inozivikanwa nemaitiro akadai uye yanga iri sued kakawanda nevashandi.
Mumamiriro ezvehupfumi umo vashandi vakasiyana siyana kupfuura nakare kose, kubva kuvatyairi veUber kuenda kuna vanachiremba veER kuenda kune vanogadzira bvudzi, vari kumanikidzwa kushanda se "vakazvimiririra makondirakiti" pane kushandirwa nekugadzikana kwakati, dambudziko harisi iro. mabhizinesi madiki anoda rusununguko rwekushanda - ndezvekuti aimbove mabasa ave kutorwa semabhizinesi madiki.
Kudzima mutsara pakati peboka revashandi nevadiki-mabhubhu kunobatsira zviri pachena mari huru pano - kwete vanhu vakaita seni. Ndakaramba kujoina “mubato”.
Freelancers vasingatengi nharo dzekuti ivo chikamu chidiki chebhizinesi hombe vanowanzo pikisa kuti ivo chikamu chezvakazonzi "precariat." Iri izwi rakabuda mukuratidzira kwa2001 G8 muGenoa - portmanteau ye proletariat uye isina njodzi yakanangana kutsanangura mafambiro epasirese kure nekuita basa repamutemo uye kuenda kune yakasarudzika, mabasa asiri ehurumende (kunyanya munyika dzakabudirira) uye kukura kusiri pamutemo chikamu (kunyanya muhupfumi huri kusimukira. )
Kubva ipapo pave nekukakavadzana kukuru nezvetemu iyi. Economist Guy Standing akanyora a bhuku nezve kirasi nyowani iyi, inoumbwa ne "vashandi venguva pfupi uye venguva pfupi, vashandi vekondirakiti, vashandi vekufonera, [uye] vazhinji vanodzidzira," vachipokana kuti vashandi ava havasi chikamu chevashandi - chaanotsanangura nenzira inoshamisa. se "vashandi vari mumabasa enguva refu, akatsiga, akasarudzika ane nzira dzakatarwa dzekufambira mberi, zvichienderana nemubatanidzwa uye zvibvumirano zvakabatana, nemazita emabasa angadai akanzwisiswa namadzibaba avo naamai vavo, vachitarisana nevashandirwi veko vane mazita nemaitiro avaiziva. .”
Dzimwe nyanzvi dzinopokana nezvinorehwa neshoko iri. Charlie Post inotaura kuti Hondo Yenyika I isati yatanga, “vanhu vakawanda vanoshanda vairarama upenyu hune ngozi zvikuru,” vaine mikana mishoma yokuwana mabasa akasiyana-siyana anonzi Standing anoronga se“boka revashandi”; Jan Breman, mune yake ongorora yebhuku raStanding, inotaura kuti mu Communist Manifesto Marx naEngels vanopikisa kuti chimwe chezvimiro zvinotsanangura zve“kuitwa kwevashandi” kusava nehanya: “Vatorerwa nzira dzokurarama nadzo panyika, vashandi vaigona bedzi kurarama nokutengesa basa ravo.”
Kuwedzera kuvhiringidzika pamusoro pekunzwisisa uye kuziva kirasi mune yemazuva ano capitalism inyaya yekuti vanozvimiririra, vane nhamba dzakaputika mumakumi emakore achangopfuura, vane pfungwa dzakavakwa sechikamu chevadiki-bourgeoisie, kunyangwe iri pasi rung, kunyangwe vachitengesa basa ravo nemuhoro uye. kazhinji kugara ruoko nemuromo, pasina kuwana rubatsiro rwehutano kana mamwe mabhenefiti - rudzi rwe "precari-bourgeoisie."
Nharo kubva kumusoro uye kubva pasi pamusoro pekuvapo kweiyi pseudo-class yakasimudzira nhamba yengano pamusoro penhengo dzayo. Ngatitarisei kune mashoma akajairika kuti tione kana iyi pfungwa ye precari-bourgeoisie inomira.
Nhema 1: The Extremely-Petit-Bourgeoisie
Kudomwa kwemafreelancer sekirasi nyowani yemabhizimusi - boka revanonyanya-petit-bourgeois mini-CEOs vanomhanyisa mabhizinesi madiki akagadzirira kuve makambani echokwadi - ndeimwe yengano dzepakati dzakabatana nebasa rakashata nhasi.
Ndakave munyori wenguva yakazara akasununguka uye mupepeti muna 2011 uye, sevazhinji vatsva vanozvimirira, vakatarisana nemafungiro akapararira ebhizimusi. Kune indasitiri yemabhuku anoparadzira ngano iyi, kusanganisira The Wealthy Freelancer, Munyori Akadyiswa Zvakanaka, uye-yangu personal favourite - Iyo Gehena Yeah Diaries: Uncensored Outbursts paNzira kuenda ku7 Figures. Iva nhanhatu-nhamba freelancer! Tora kutonga kwehupenyu hwako! Iwe hausi freelancer, iwe uri CEO weIwe, Incorporated!
Mafungiro acho akajeka: tora mafungiro eCEO uye pasina nguva iwe unenge uchihaya vashandi, uchipinda muhofisi itsva inotsvedza, uye kutengera Ferraris. Mazhinji emabhizinesi ekudyira network anosimudzira rondedzero iyi. Kana ukasarudza kuenda kune imwe, iwe uchafanirwa kudzidzira kutaura kwako kwekusimudza uye kuchinjana makadhi ebhizinesi nevamwe vanoshanda-kirasi vanhu vakapfeka masutu. Manetiweki haaite kuti upfume, hongu - iwe unogona kunge uchingoshungurudzika nezve awa yenguva yekugadzira yawakarasa, wobva wapedza mavhiki uchidzivirira vatengesi veinishuwarenzi yehupenyu.
Iyo New York-yakavakirwa Freelancers Union (yambiro: kwete mubatanidzwa chaiwo) inotsanangura vanozvimiririra se "vanhu vakaita basa rekuwedzera, renguva pfupi, kana reprojekiti- kana makondirakiti mumwedzi gumi nemiviri yapfuura." Tsanangudzo iyi inokodzera 12 miriyoni vekuAmerica - 53 muzana yehuwandu hwevashandi venyika. Sekureva kweFreelancers Union muvambi Sara Horowitz, panguva ye "Great Recession mushure me2008 nhamba yevanhu vekuAmerica vakatanga mabhizimisi avo yakasvika makore gumi nemashanu - uye vazhinji vaiva varidzi vega."
Iyo Freelancers Union munguva pfupi yapfuura surveyed 5,000 vanozvimiririra vakazvimiririra makondirakiti uye akawana izvozvo Zvikamu makumi mana kubva muzana zvevashandi vakazvimiririra - 40 miriyoni vanhu - vanorarama semakontrakta akazvimirira. Imwe 21.1 miriyoni akasununguka achibata basa rezuva rizere. Imwe 14.3 miriyoni inobata basa renguva pfupi yekuwedzera basa rekuzvimiririra, uye 9.3 miriyoni inoonekwa senguva. Zvikamu zvishanu chete kubva muzana, 5.5 miriyoni, zvinogona kuverengerwa sevaridzi vebhizinesi vakazvimiririra, vachipinza munhu mumwe kusvika kune vashanu.
Kana vari avo vatanhatu-nhamba freelancer, ivo havasi kunyatsogadzira iyo mari yese vachitengesa chidimbu chevashandi kana neawa. Vazhinji vanozviita nekutengesa zvigadzirwa - senge e-mabhuku kana makirasi akarekodhwa ekuti ungave sei nhanhatu-nhamba freelancer (inowanikwa chete $49.95). Vanozviitawo nekuhaya vashandi kana (kunyanya) kuita makondirakiti vatengesi uye nekushandisa basa ravo - nemamwe mazwi, nekuchinja kupinda mumapoka echokwadi petit-bourgeoisie. Uye, zvirinani muzviitiko zvakawanda, kuita shanduko iyoyo kunoda kuwana capital.
Muchokwadi, kupatsanurwa kwekirasi pakati pevakasununguka girazi kirasi inopatsanurwa munharaunda yese - vanozvimiririra, kazhinji, vanoramba vari nhengo dzekirasi yavanga vari nhengo vasati vatanga freelancing. Iyo 99 muzana, sekutaura, yenyika yakasununguka inoramba iri muboka revashandi, vachitengesa basa redu sechidimbu, takavharirwa muhondo yenguva dzose nekirasi ye capitalist - ikozvino sevatengi kwete maboss - pamusoro pehuwandu hwekushandiswa kwevashandi vedu. kureva kuti tinobhadharwa marii).
Kunyora mabhizimusi mafreelancers pane vashandi kunochengetedza macapitalist bundle pamihoro, mabhenefiti, uye mutero wemuhoro. Hazvishamise kuti kusaisa vashandi sevanozvimiririra inzira yakajairika yekubiridzira kwemakambani - chaizvo rudzi rwehutsotsi urwo makambani akahaya Duane Morris anoda kunyoreswa zviri pamutemo.
Uye zvakare, kunyangwe zvatove zvakaoma kune vashandi vanoshanda munzvimbo imwechete, vanobhadharwa muhoro wakajairwa, uye vanosangana zuva nezuva nemumwe - hapana chimwe chezvakawanda zvefreelancers ruzivo - makondirakiti akazvimirira anofanirawo kukwikwidzana. Sherman Antitrust Act, iyo inoratidza kuedza kumisa mibairo yeindasitiri seyekugadzirisa mutengo uye nekudaro zvisiri pamutemo.
Kunyange zviri izvo chaizvo kuti zvimiro zvekirasi zvinogona uye kuchinja nekufamba kwenguva (saBertell Ollman inotsanangura, Marx akakurumidza kuona izvi, kunyanya maererano neUnited States), zvakakosha kuti uzvitsanangure kwete nerondedzero yeunhu hwakafanana asi maererano nehukama hwekugadzira - kurwisana kunowanikwa pamwoyo wemapoka ose ekurwisana. .
Kubatanidza mafreelancer ideologically nezvinangwa zvepetit-bourgeoisie (izvo zvinoitawo vamwe Marxists, sezvakanyorwa naEric Olin Wright mu. Classes), kunyange zvazvo vakawanda vaine zvakawanda zvakafanana neboka revashandi, vanoisa chimwe chipingamupinyi kuvadzivisa kuronga uye kuda kodzero sevashandi. Sezvo Richard Seymour unozviisa: "Kuedza kuvhara, kana 'kunyangarika,' pfungwa yekirasi ibasa remaune rezvematongerwo enyika."
Nhema 2: The Creative Kirasi
Zvakadini ne“boka rokusika” ravanozvimirira vanorangarira basa sebasa rorudo, vanopedza maawa akawanda nokuda kworudo rukuru rwomutambo wacho? Sezvo achiti anoenda, "Ita zvaunoda uye hauzomboshanda zuva muhupenyu hwako."
Mune maonero aya, basa rekugadzira ndiro "antithesis yekuparadzaniswa" - saNicole Cohen inoisa yayo - nokuti vashandi vetsika vanobata mazano kana kuzviratidza vanopiwa "kuzvimirira kwehukama mubasa rekushanda," nehuwandu hwekutonga uye kuzvitungamirira mubasa ravo. Kushanda kubva kumba, kunyanya, kunosunungura mushandi kubva pakutonga kwakasimba kweanoshandira - mapfekero kodhi, mafirita eInternet, uye zvirambidzo pakuzorora; macapitalist akaziva kuti, sokurondedzera kunoita Cohen, “kudzora kugadzirwa kunogona kuregwa kana kusiri chipingamupinyi chokushandisa zvisina kufanira.” Kana mushandi asingabhadharwe, zvese zvine basa ndezvekuti basa rinoitwa here.
Freelancers inowanzo fungwa sekushanda mukugadzira, chena-collar minda senge midhiya, kutsikisa, uye tech. Asi chikamu chacho chakanyatsokura uye chinosanganisira vanhu vakasiyana-siyana sevagadziri vekabhati, vananaini, vanoita zvepabonde, vamiririri veinishuwarenzi, vabatsiri vehutongi, maartist, vaturikiri nevaturikiri (uye basa rangu, makopi edhita).
Mamwe emabasa aya, sevanyori nevanyori, ari kugadzira; vamwe vanodzika mutsara pakati pekugadzira uye (kazhinji) zvakananga kugadzirwa kwemakambani (vashanduri, vapepeti, uye vanyori); vamwe vanoita mabasa “asiri ega” akadai sokuchengeta vana, kuita zvepabonde, kubereka mwana, kana kuchengeta imba.
Chikonzero icho masikirwo ekugadzira, midhiya, uye tekinoroji zvikamu zvinowanzo zivikanwa nekuita zvemahara ndezvekuti maindasitiri aya akatora yakasarudzika modhi yemahara kare uye zvakanyanya zvakanyanya kupfuura mamwe maindasitiri. Sokuonesa kunoita Cohen, kuchinjira kumarudzi ane ngozi ebasa kwakatangwa mumaindasitiri etsika, ayo “akabatira] somuenzaniso webasa rinochinjika, rakavakirwa papurogiramu nokuda kwemamwe maindasitiri.”
Iyo modhi yave kuburitswa kwese kwese kubva kumayunivhesiti kuenda kuhutano hwehutano kusvika kumasalon ebvudzi. Asi kushanda wakazvimirira hazvireve "kupukunyuka kubva mukubiridzira kana kushorwa kwevashandi," sekutaura kwaanoita - "makambani anovimba nevashandi vega akagadzira dzimwe nzira dzekutora mari yakawandisa kubva kuvashandi. . . kusanganisira kuwedzera kwenguva yebasa isingabhadharwe uye kutsvaga zvine utsinye kodzero dzekodzero. " Iyo nguva isingabhadharwe inosanganisira zvese kubva mukutsvagisa nekukanda zvinyorwa kune invoice, manejimendi eprojekiti, kushambadzira uye kutengesa, uye basa rekutonga, zvese kamwechete basa remushandirwi.
Zvino, pane tsanga yechokwadi pano: basa rekugadzira rinogona kunyatsogutsa. Ini pachangu, ndinoda kushanda ndiri kumba, kugadziridza vatengi vakaita seHaymarket Books uye Historical Materialism, zvakanyanya kupfuura zvandaifarira kugadzirisa zvekudzidzira zvemakambani muhofisi isina hwindo yepasi. I do zvisundire kushanda kwemaawa akawanda kuti nditore mapurojekiti andinoda chaizvo.
Asi iyo "portfolio basa," umo vashandi vekugadzira vanomhanyisa vatengi vakawanda uye mapurojekiti panguva imwe chete kuitira kuti vawane chouviri pavanenge vachishandisa mapurojekiti iwayo kushambadzira hunyanzvi hwavo uye kuunza chirongwa chinotevera, chiitiko chekuenzanisa.
Kune yega yega biography inoshamisa yaFrantz Fanon, kune maawa akawanda ekuongororazve mishumo yemakambani uye kunyora mawebhusaiti evatengesi vezvivakwa kuti vabhadhare rendi, chikwereti chemudzidzi, uye mari dzeinishuwarenzi yehutano.
Vanyori vakazvimiririra vakaongororwa naCohen vaiona zvakakomba, zvenguva refu kutapa nhau semutambarakede, chimwe chinhu chavanopinda mukati memagigi anonetesa ekubhadhara mabhiri aitora yakawanda yenguva yavo. Nepo vanozvimiririra dzimwe nguva vachinakidzwa nezvakawanda “munhu oga . . . rusununguko, kuzvimiririra, uye kuzvidzora” (saMarx chiisei) kupfuura vashandi vepamba, inorambidzwa zvakasimba nechikonzero chekutengesa simba rako rekushanda mumamiriro ezvinhu emakwikwi akawedzera uye kuderera kwemuhoro.
Nhema 3: Asi Kuzvidira!
Vakasununguka vanosundirwa here kana kuti vanosvetuka? Zvine basa here?
Vanhu freelance nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakawanda. Vamwe chaizvo vari mariri nokuda rombo uye kubwinya, sezvo stereotypes pamusoro hanya millennials aizova nazvo; ongororo yeFreelancers Union yakawana kuti vazhinji vakapindura vaive vasarudza basa rekuzvimiririra uye vakafara nesarudzo iyoyo.
Hapana mubvunzo kuti kusava nemukuru kune zvakawanda zvekupa: hapana zvematongerwo enyika ehofisi, hapana pantyhose, hapana kushungurudzwa kwepabonde kubva kune vatariri vane lecherous, hapana kutora chero munhu kofi, hapana kufamba. Vemahara vane kodzero yekuramba mapurojekiti, kunyange hazvo rusununguko rwemvumo ruchienderana nekuwanda kwebasa.
Sezvinofadza semaficha aya, zvisinei, haasi iwo chaiwo madhiraivha echisarudzo chekuzvimiririra.
Chikamu chakakura kwazvo chevakasununguka vanoshanda semakontrakta akazvimirira nekuti maindasitiri avo akagadziridza, achibvisa basa rakagadziriswa uye kuchengetedza basa. Mukutsikisa nekudhinda midhiya, semuenzaniso, vanyori, vapepeti, vagadziri, uye vamwe vashandi vezvenhau zvino vakasununguka nekuti indasitiri yakarongeka yakakomberedzwa zvakanyanya nevashandi veskeleton vashandi muhofisi uye uto rakachengeterwa revashandi vega kuti vapihwe chibvumirano pamadiro.
Vamwe vakasununguka nekuti indasitiri yavo yakagadziridzwa vasati vasvikako, kana kuti yakagadzirwa yakatenderedza iyo yekuchengetedza-mauto modhi kutanga. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika kune vashandi vadiki mutech uye digital media, uko marudzi emabasa akatsiga ayo Guy Standing angafunga nezvemabasa e "yechokwadi proletariat" haana kumbovapo pakutanga.
Chekupedzisira, pane chikamu, chinowanzo tarisirwa pasi, chevashandi vanomanikidzwa kuita basa remahara nekuti mamiriro ebasa rechinyakare akavadzvanya nekuramba kupa vashandi zvinodiwa nevanhu, semazuva ekurwara uye zororo revabereki.
Mutemo weFamily Medical Leave Act, uyo unobvumira vamwe vashandi kutora zororo rekusununguka vasina kubhadharwa, unoshanda kune vari pasi pezvikamu gumi kubva muzana zvevashandirwi vose; iyo US nePapua New Guinea ndidzo nyika chete munyika iyo isingapi vimbiso yezororo rekusununguka nemutemo.
Zvinoenderana neBureau of Labor Statistics, vangangoita makumi manomwe neshanu muzana evashandi venguva yakazara vekuUS uye makumi maviri nenomwe muzana evashandi venguva pfupi vane mazuva ekurwara anobhadharwa. Avhareji yemushandi wenguva yakazara ane nguva isingasviki makore mashanu - avhareji urefu hwebasa - ane mazuva masere kusvika mapfumbamwe yezororo rekurwara rinobhadharwa pagore. Nguva ino inogona kana kusabatanidza mazuva ezororo, sezvo vashandirwi vakawanda vachida mutemo we“nguva inobhadharwa” kuti ushandiswe pakurwara. or zororo.
Vabereki (kunyanya vabereki vari voga) uye vanhu vane hurema kana kuti vane chirwere chisingaperi vanofanira kusarudza: kushanda vachirwara uye kurega kurapwa kunodiwa ivo nevana vavo, kana kuti kudzingwa basa pasi pemutemo wevashandirwi vavo wokuenda kuchikoro. Kana iwe usingakwanise kuremara kana usingakwanise kuve mubereki wekugara-pamba, sarudzo chete yasara ndeye freelancing. Vanodarika zvikamu makumi mana kubva muzana zvevakapindura ongororo yeFreelancers Union vakaronga kusanduka sechinhu chikuru chinokuchidzira kuti vashande vakasununguka.
Tichifunga kuti mitoro yekuchengeta vana nekuchengeta vakuru yakaiswa pavakadzi zvisina kuenzana, chiyero chevarume nevakadzi vanoshanda vakazvimiririra chakatsveyama. Nguva pfupi yadarika ndakapinda musangano wevapepeti vanozvimirira uko vanopfuura 75 muzana yevakapinda vaiva vanhukadzi.
Zvinotoshamisa ndezvokuti munguva pfupi yapfuura Bureau of Labor Statistics zvakawanikwa zvinoratidza kuti muhoro wemuhoro wevakadzi, uri 77 cents padhora revakadzi vachena uye yakaderera se51 cents yevakadzi vatema neLatina, inoita seinodzikiswa kana kutobviswa munyika yakasununguka, zvichienderana nezvimwe zvinhu zvakaita serudzi. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti vamwe vashandi vanogona kuona kuti kusarura kwevashandirwi kunoita kuti zvinhu zvisaitike zvekuti vari nani kuti vazvichengetedze, kunze kwebasa repamutemo.
Saka vashandi ava vanganzi vakasvetuka here, kana kuti vakasundwa?
Nhema 4: The Impossible Kirasi
Tinoudzwa kakawanda, nenzwi rinosiririsa asi risingafadzi, kuti chikamu chekuzvimiririra hachibviri kuronga. Chokwadi ndechekuti zvinoramba zvichitemerwa, kunyangwe chiri chokwadi kuti kuyedza kuronga chikamu ichi kusvika parizvino kwaratidza kusabudirira.
Kune mashoma anooneka masangano anoshanda akazvimirira vashandi vanogona kujoina: semuenzaniso, iyo Freelancers Union, iyo inopa vashandi vakazvimirira mazano, networking, discounts on business services, uye, kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzenyika, mukana wekutenga inishuwarenzi yehutano yeboka. Nepo iyo isiri purofiti ichimiririra zvido zvevashandi vehurumende, hairongi kana kutora chikamu mukunetsana kwemihoro kana kurwira kirasi. Chokwadi, Atossa Abrahamian ane vakakavadzana kuti, nekudzikamisa vakasununguka vanozvimirira, iyo Freelance Union inopa basa rakakosha kune capital.
Mamwe mafreelancers (ini pachangu ndakasanganisirwa) ndeve National Writers Union (Yemunharaunda 1981 yeUnited Auto Workers), iyo yakarongedzerwa sesangano rakazvimirira revanyori vanozvimirira muna 1983 uye rakava chikamu cheUAW muna 1991.
NWU inopindira mumakakatanwa emihoro, kana paine kudzvinyirirwa kwakanyanyisa uye kwakabatana zvokuti kuronga kunoshanda—somuenzaniso, kutsvaka magazini anogara achibira vanyori mari dzavo. Inopawo misangano yekudzidzisa uye mazano emutemo kunhengo.
Asi hapana pamasangano aya anogona kunzi mubatanidzwa wevashandi nenzira yechinyakare yetemu, uye haana simba rakawanda rekutara mihoro. Idzi nzira dzekuronga dzichiri kuda imwe mhando yekuisa pfungwa pabasa kuti ishande.
Vashandi vakasununguka vangangoda nzira nyowani dzekuronga. Imwe nzira inogona kunge iri kujoinha vashandi vepamba muchiitiko chavo chemubatanidzwa - the zvirongwa zvazvino paGawker Media inogona kuratidza kudzidzisa pane iyi pfungwa.
Asi kana chimwe chezvinotsanangudza kirasi chiri kuziva kirasi, zviri kuramba zvichijeka, sevashandi vanotambira mari shoma. kurwira $15 uye vadzidzi vanotanga vachiramba mitoro yavo yechikwereti, kuti mafreelancers haachakwanise kunyorwa seanopindirana nepfungwa nepetit-bourgeoisie. Mafreelancers anowedzera kubva kumabasa ekutanga, kushandira mihoro yakaderera, uye kugovera zvinonyanya kufarirwa - uye kuchengetedzeka - kweboka rakakura rekushanda.
Isu hatisi precari-bourgeoisie - isu tiri ramangwana rekurwa kwekirasi.
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
dhoneta