Masayendisiti anoti
Zvose zvichasuka
Asi isu hatichatendi
Nekuti isu tine vatinounganidza
Uye masutu edu egirinhi mohair
Saka ndapota ratidza chitupa chako pamusuwo
- "Sin City,โ Gram Parsons naChris Hillman
Mujinga menzira munopisa zvekuti pasi peshangu dziri kunyungudika, zvichisiya matsimba etsoka pakongiri. Pakupera kwaChikumi masikati, tembiricha yemhepo i112 madhigirii muLas Vegas uye inopisa zvakanyanya pasi mumukaha wegirazi weStrip.
Kupisa kusina tsitsi kunoshanda kuperetera kwaro, kuchikwezvera mhomho munzvimbo dzinotonhorera dzemakasinos, uko kunyange Ariadne aigona kurasika pakati pekupenya neon, hypnotic kuzvimba kweelectronica, kuchema kunotyisa kwevakarasika pamatafura.
Mukati ndimo mavanokuda. Ndiko uko homwe dzako dzinotorwa pahigh-tech slots (muchina unonakidza: KISS; iyo inotyisa: iyo Joker, ine vhidhiyo yeHeath Ledger), Cirque du Soliel inoratidza (pamadhora zana nemakumi mashanu netikiti) kana mutengo wakanyanyisa uye usingadyike chikafu chakagadzirirwa pasi. chiratidzo cheanowanikwa kwese Mario Batali.
Tauya pano kumusangano wepagore weAmerican Library Association, uko mudzimai wangu Kimberly nevamwe vake paPortland State University's Millar Library vakarongerwa kuwana mubairo mukuru wekuvandudza. Mushure mekutsungirira kutyisa kwe1001 PowerPoint kuratidzira pazvidzidzo zvakaita se "Threshold Concepts" uye njodzi dzebhaibheri dzekudhindwa kwe-e-kudhindwa, kazhinji prim uye sedate library library vanotariswa kuti vasununguke kwevhiki yekusiiwa mugwenga. Las Vegas inopa kupemberera yakasarudzika yeAmerican vhezheni yeId, risingaperi risingavharike knot rechishuwo chakaedzerwa chine strobe mwenje uye cheesy ruzha.
Chii chinonzi Threshold Concept, iwe unobvunza? Mubvunzo wakanaka. Ndakagara mukati menguva isina kujeka uye isina hungwaru yeawa nehafu mharidzo nevatatu vanotungamira dzidziso uye ndikaramba ndakavhiringidzika, sezvandakaita, ndaibheja, vazhinji vevashandi veraibhurari muhoro. Kana iwe ukazvidonhedza pasi kune zvakakosha, Threshold Concept inoita seyakafanana neyataimbodaidza mumaseminari ehuzivi pane zvisingagoneki (ahem) dzidziso dzeWittgenstein "kuwana friggin" clue. Asi kujeka haisiriyo nzira yechokwadi yekubata basa.
Huzivi hunosimudzira iyi hunhu hutsva mu "ruzivo rwekutonga" hunototyisa kupfuura hunhu hwayo husinganzwisisike. Muzera reGoogle, Edward Snowden neWikipedia, vamwe vachengeti veraibhurari vezvidzidzo vanonzwa kuti chinzvimbo chavo chakashata sevachengeti vemasuwo eruzivo chakakombwa. Dzidziso yeThreshold Concepts inoita seinopa pfuti yekupedzisira kune vanochengeta maraibhurari kuti vatorezve basa ravo sevanopa ruzivo ruzivo, kufudza vadzidzi vasina ruzivo uye vasina mhosva vatengesi veraibhurari kune "ane mvumo" uye "akavimbika" masosi enhau (senge New York Times, Zvakasikwa.) Ndiyo ichangoburwa yekupokana-kurwisa murume akavheyesa bhora rinopwanya kuburikidza nekunyepedzera kusingafadzi kwemuchengeti wekare webasa: Michel Foucault. In Kurongeka Kwezvinhu, Foucault akafumura mainjini ezvematongerwo enyika anodzvanyirira anotyaira kurongeka uye kudzorwa kwezivo uye vagadzirisi vezvinyorwa "zvakakodzera" vanga vachimhanya kubva ipapo. (Zvimwe pane izvi pane imwe nguva inotevera.)
Vazhinji vevane 12,000 kana kupfuura veraibhurari vakaungana pano mukati mevhiki yezuva risinganzwisisike rechirimo vanoita sevasina misha, vachidzungaira zvisina chinangwa pasi peDe Chirico-semikoridho, vachitarisa mamepu eGoogle pamafoni avo. Pamwe vari kuongorora dreamscape yechitoro chemabhuku. Vachatsvaga pasina. Pano chete mabhuku anochengetwa nemitambo bookies, avo vanoda archivists maakaundi anofanira kubhadharwa.
Ini naKimberly takadzika musasa muRiviera, chisarudzo chakaoma kwandiri. Ndaida kugara muVegas yekare, guta rakaputika jecha remhomho nevasikana vekuratidzira, Howard Hughes uye anoremekedzwa Dr. Thompson. Iyo Vegas yaenda kare uye iyo Riviera iri kuora relic yekupfuura kwayo. Ihotera iri kuparara yakasungirirwa pakati penzvimbo dzakakura dzekupaka kuchamhembe kumucheto kweStrip, mhiri kweLas Vegas Boulevard kubva kune yakanyanya kuderera Circus Circus, yakaita seyakashata yakasiiwa seti kubva mufirimu rinouraya.
Kuseri kweRiviera kune imba yekuchengetera chena yakaoma. Padivi pechivako mune yakakura tsvuku block lettering yakanyorwa: Indoor Skydiving. Funga nezvazvo. Chimwe chikamu chinokatyamadza cheVegas alt reality show. Ehe, mazhinji emudenga skydiving muguta rino anoitwa pasi pemakasino.
The traffic paStrip inotongwa nedunhu rinotyisa remakombi nemarori anotakura kushambadzira kwezviratidziro nen'anga dzisingazivikanwe, uye nyeredzi dziri kupera dzakaita saCeline Dion, Olivia Newton-John naRod Stewart, anoita kunge ari kuda kupedzisa arc yake yemakore makumi matatu. wedzinza nekuva mutsva wedhorobha Engelbert Humperdinck. Asi kushambadzira kwaiwanzoitwa panharembozha kwaiva kwepfambi dzeโDirect to You,โ โvasikana vanoda chaizvo kusangana newe.โ Aya mablondes akaonda emitambo akagadziridzwa zvisina tsarukano uye zvipikiri zvakakwenenzverwa patsoka dzakapfava izvo zvinosiya kumashure zvinorema kabhoni tsoka.
Nevada iri kukurumidza kuita nzvimbo yePati yeTii, asi Vegas inoramba iri taundi rakasimba remubatanidzwa wevashandi vekubika, hotera nekasino. Asi kunyange izvi zviri kutanga kuchinja. Iwe unogona kuona remangwana pane ekutamba pasi peBellagio neVenetian, uko kunowedzera kushanda kuri kuita otomatiki. Chakanyanya kushamisa kwandiri yaive nhamba yematafura edema jack matafura, uko maavatars emutengesi ane zvinokanganisa cleavage anomhanyisa mitambo pane widescreen monitors. Vatambi vevanhu, pamwe vachiona seased nemakore ekutamba kwevhidhiyo, vanogara vakanyarara pamatafura, vakabatirira pakutenda kwakashata mukurongeka kwekasino's poker algorithms. Idaidze iyo Homage kuna Catatonia.
Mundege kubva kuPortland, ndakagara pedyo nemumwe injiniya anga achishanda kwemakore gumi apfuura paLake Mead. Dziva riri kuoma, riri kuoma pamberi pameso edu. Mvura inodonha gore rega rega, ichisiya gwapa jena rinotyisa pamadziro eBlack Canyon. Basa rekambani yake nderekupenda madziro achangobuda pachena emapfupa-machena emugomba achidzokera kuruvara rwaajaira, kuitira kuti asatyisidzire vashanyi.
Ehe, havasi vashanyi vanofanirwa kuomeswa nekuderera kweLake Mead, asi moguls yeStrip. Ndivo vatengesi venhema. Mirage hombe muguta haisi kasino inopenya, ine poolside bar isina pamusoro ($40 yekupinda muripo) uye inotyisa aquarium, asi manyepo emvura. Yakatemerwa padhishi repasi reMojave, Las Vegas inonyoroveswa nemvura isingasviki masendimita mana pagore. Ndiyo avhareji yekare. Ramangwana rinotaridzika kuoma. Zvakadaro kune mvura kwese kwese pamutsetse: madziva makuru eIzimba yaKesari, mapopoma emvura paWynn, madhamu ane gondola-akavezwa eVenetian, chitubu chekutamba paBellagio. Kunyepedzera kukuru, iyo inofanirwa kuchengetedzwa zvachose, ndeyekuti muVegas hapana miganhu.
Mukati memakore makumi matatu apfuura, Vegas yakashandurwa kubva kuSin City kuenda kumhuri theme paki kuenda kushambadziro isina kurongeka yekudyisa kusingagumi. Unogona kutenda Steve Wynn nekuda kwekuchinja kunotyisa uku, murume akarova gokora rake kuburikidza nePicasso "Le Rรชveโ achiratidzira shamwari dzake zvinhu zvake zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa. Wynn akazoburitsa pendi yakasonwa patsva yemukadzi aiita bonyora nemadhora zana nemakumi mashanu ane mana emamiriyoni emadhora pashamwari yake yakashata Stephen A. Cohen, bhiriyoniya hedge funder ane kambani yeSAC iri kuferefetwa nguva dzose nezvekutengeserana mukati.
Wynn akaita mucherechedzo wake wekumhanyisa bingo parlors muMaryland. Mukutanga kwema1970, akauya kuVegas ndokuita chibvumirano chenyika naHoward Hughes, icho chakamupa mamirioni mashoma uye kudzora kufarira muGoridhe Sands, kwaakakwevera Frank Sinatra nevaaifamba navo. Mutambo wekuchinja wakaitika muna 1989 Wynne paakavhura yekutanga mega-resort kasino paStrip nyowani, iyo Mirage, 3,000 kamuri yePolynesia-yakavezwa muzinda wechivi negomo rinoputika. Kuvakwa kweMirage kwakabhadharwa nemumwe tenzi wekunyepa, junk bond mambo Michael Milken. Treasure Island neBellagio, panguva iyo hotera inodhura kwazvo yati yambovakwa, yakatevera nekukurumidza.
Muna 2005, Wynn paakavhura hotera yake yakareba 650-mamita yakareba yakasarudzika uye kasino kuchamhembe kweStrip akati aida kuidaidza kuti Le Rรชve. Mukupedzisira, akasarudza chimwe chinhu chidiki chidiki: iyo Wynn. Kushongedza kweWynn (uye iyo mapatya akakomberedzwa shongwe yebhuronzi iyo Encore) ndeye wispy simulacrum yekumabvazuva opulence, yakagadzirirwa kufadza manzwiro emachinda eSaudi pakuvhima, maRussia oligarchs ane mamirioni ekupisa mukupera kwevhiki, uye Kardashian brood. Mukuwirirana nedingindira iri, nzvimbo yekutandarira ine zvivezwa zviviri zvinoyevedza (Popeye uye Tulips) nenyanzvi yehupenzi husina kunaka: Jeff Koons. Zvakandishamisa kuti imba yepasi yeWynn ndiyo guva rakanakisa remaKoons's monic confections.
Mukupedzisira, Wynn akapa zita rePicasso pendi kune yakakurumbira shoo yekugara panzvimbo yake yekutandarira. Le Rรชve (zvichida kushandurwa se'A' Dream) imhando yemvura yemumvura Tempest, iine varume vane mhanza vari kuita dhiyabhorosi kudhibha muSpeedos, maFlappers anopfava achipfapfaidza mumawigi eplatinamu blond, uye vanoshambira vakapindirana vachipenya mastiletto matsvuku. Mune mamwe mazwi, hongu, hope dzakanyorova.
Asi hope dziri kupera. Kuverenga kuri kukurumidza kuuya. Mvura yave kupera. Nhasi 90 muzana yemvura yeguta iri kusvetwa muLake Mead uye Lake Mead iri kuoma. Mafungiro achangoburwa anofanotaura kuti dziva rakakura ringangove rabviswa zvachose kubudikidza 2021. Count 'em: Ndiwo makore manomwe. Mushure mezvo, mabheti ese akadzimwa. Hapana migero yemvura kana mapaipi ekukurumidzira anogona kutsiva kushomeka uku. Vegas mazuva akaverengwa. Zvibate, mwana.
Ndakagara pabhawa mukati mepiramidhi yakasviba yeLuxor, ndichiona chikwata cheAlgeria chine manyawi chichisundidzira chikwata cheGermany chinozvikudza kusvika pakukunda muNdebe yeNyika, ndakatanga nhaurirano nemumwe murume wekuMexico wekuAmerica anoshanda pasi mumupata. Kambani yake inoita basa remacabre. Vanoredza mitumbi yevanosvetuka: Varasika veVegas, vakakuvadzwa pamatafura emitambo, vachembera vachembera uye hoko, vakafa-vanofa, avo vakabuda kunze, avo vasvika pachikumbaridzo chavo chekupedzisira uye vanosvetuka kubva patsva. Pat Tillman Memorial Bridge, denga richinyura muColorado River, 840 tsoka pazasi.
"Tinocheka miviri mina kana mishanu pamwedzi," anondiudza kudaro, sezvaanokanda kumashure Jack wake wechitatu neCoke masikati. "Vegas ichiri guta rakaoma. Pakupedzisira mhanza yako ichapera. Unoziva zvandiri kureva?"
Jeffrey St. Clair ndiye mupepeti weCounterPunch. Bhuku rake idzva Killing Trayvons: an Anthology of American Violence (naJoAnn Wypijewski naKevin Alexander Gray) richatsikiswa muna Chikumi neCounterPunch Books. Anogona kuwanikwa pa: [email inodzivirirwa].
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
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