Kwemavhiki angangosvika maviri, kutanga nhasi, pasi rose richange rakavharirwa mune chimwe chikamu chenhaurirano dzekugadzirisa shanduko yemamiriro ekunze. Musangano uyu, uchaitirwa kuCancun, Mexico, hauna kufadza zvikuru pane wakautangira wakaitwa muCopenhagen, Denmark, gore rapfuura.
Kufara kweCopenhagen kwaikonzerwa nemashoko enhema akanga aparadzirwa okuti Kyoto Protocol yakanga ichipera pamusangano iwoyo. Kunyangwe paive nekuedza kwakakomba, asi kwakakundikana, kwakaitwa pamusangano uyu kuisa mutemo kuti uzorore, nguva yayo yekutanga inopera muna 2012, nepo yechipiri nguva yekuzvipira ichapinzwa kana nguva yekutanga yapfuura.
Asi nei munhu angada kuuraya protocol uye nei ichifanira kutsigirwa? Kyoto Protocol inoonekwa nevamwe sechishandiso chega chinosunga zviri pamutemo icho nyika dzakabudirira uye dzakasvibisa zvakanyanya dzinogona kuitwa kuzvipira kuderedza utsi panzvimbo. Kubva pamaonero aya, nyika padzinorwira kumisa hurongwa uhu, dziri kuedza kudzivirira kuita chero kuzvipira kwechokwadi kugadzirisa shanduko yemamiriro ekunze. Kuisiya kumusika?
Rimwe dambudziko nekushanda kweUnited Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) uye nhaurirano dzirikuenderera mberi nderekuti inomisa chunk yekufunga kwayo uye mafomati pamusika pfungwa. Izvi zvinotevera nzira yakagadzirwa nemafungiro ayo akavaka chimiro chakashata chenjodzi capitalism, umo njodzi inoonekwa semukana wepurofiti. Tinorevei neizvi?
Pane kutora matanho ekuderedza kubudiswa kwemagasi egreenhouse anokonzera kudziya kwepasi, vamwe vanhu vari mushishi kuronga nzira dzokuita kuti chinhu chose chakasikwa chive chinhu chinoiswa paatari yemusika. Kuburikidza neizvi, zvinhu zvese zviri kupihwa kukosha uye zvimwe zvakawanda zvinovanzirwa mukuwedzera.
Chii chinoita kuti izvi zvigumbuke ndezvekutanga kuti haugone kuisa mutengo pane zvakasikwa, pahupenyu. Kechipiri, vafungidziri vari hyping kushandiswa kwemusika wekabhoni senzira yekurwisa shanduko yemamiriro ekunze. Dzimwe dzenzira dzinoratidza izvi kuburikidza nemapurojekiti ekubvisa kabhoni ayo vanosvibisa munyika dzakabudirira vari kuramba vachisvibisa, nekufungidzira kuti hutsi hwavo huri kubhadharwa kune dzimwe nzvimbo.
Sokutaura kwakaita Friends of the Earth International muzano richangobva kuitwa nevezvenhau, "Kutengeserana kweCarbon hakuiti kuti kuderedzwa kwemhepo inobudiswa. Ingozi inovhiringidza kuita zvinhu chaizvo kugadzirisa zvikonzero zvekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze, zvakadai sekushandisa zvakanyanya. Nyika dzakabudirira dzinofanira kudzorwa nemamiriro ekunze. kucheka zvakanyanya kuburitsa kabhoni yavo kuburikidza nekuchinja chaiko kumba, kwete nekutenga maoffsets kubva kune dzimwe nyika.. Carbon offsetting haina pundutso kumamiriro ekunze kana kune nyika dzichiri kusimukira - inongobatsira nyika dzakabudirira, vatengesi vega, uye vanosvibisa zvikuru vanoda kuenderera mberi nebhizinesi se zvakajairika."
Zviri pachena kuti Cancun ichange ichikambaira nekabhoni speculators nevatengesi, sezvakaitika kuCopenhagen. Uye vane zvikonzero zvakanaka zvokuva ikoko. Vachave varipo nekuti vagadziri vemitemo kumativi ese echikamu vanoona mabhenefiti muzvirongwa, kunyangwe izvo zvinonzi mabhenefiti ari pecuniary uye ari kukuvadza kuna Amai Pasi. Asi kana mari ichipinda muhomwe dzedzimwe nyika dzine urombo, nyika dzakapfuma dzinogona kuenderera mberi nekusvibisa, dzakabhadhara โmubairoโ wadzo. Kwete mari chete
Nyika inoratidzika kunge isinganzwi kudiwa kwezviito chaizvo zvekumisa shanduko yemamiriro ekunze, uye kutarisa kunoramba kuri pamari. Muchokwadi, nepo zvakawanda zvezvinhu zveCancun ajenda zvakamira, maererano nekuderedza kuburitswa kwekabhoni munyika dzakasimukira, hapana kushomeka kwezvikumbiro zvekuti misika yekabhoni inogona kuunzwa sei kuti ipe chimiro chekuita.
Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation (REDD) chimwe chezvirongwa zvakadaro muchirongwa ichi. Kufambira mberi nekukurumidza kuri kuitwa paREDD uye, nhaurirano dziri kuenderera mberi pane zvimwe zvakasiyana zvechirongwa. Vanhu vemunharaunda nevemasango vanhu vanopokana neREDD uye vanopokana nekushandiswa kwayo, sezvo kutarisa kuri kutariswa kumasango kungofanana nekabhoni masheya ekutengesa. Sezvineiwo, vazhinji vanoona REDD seisiri kutsvaga kumisa kutemwa kwemasango, asi kungokuderedza.
Kunokarakadzwawo kuti kutema miti kupi nokupi kwakaderedzwa kungasachengetedzwa, sezvo vanotema miti vangangotamira kune rimwe sango kana kuti nharaunda kuti vapfuurire nemibato yavo. Nemamwe manzwi, REDD ingano yakanaka kwazvo inogona kupinza mari muhomwe dzedzimwe nyika nemakambani, asi inoshoresa vanhu vemusango uye haizobatsiri kurwisa shanduko yemamiriro ekunze. Zvinokwezva, sezvakataurwa nevatsoropodzi, ndezvekuti kana nzira iyi ikabatana nemusika wecarbon, ichaita kuti nyika dzakabudirira dzibhadhare mari kuREDD-projects inochengetedza masango munyika dzichiri kusimukira, uye mushure mokuwana zvikwereti zvecarbon - kutenga kodzero yekusvibisa. .
Pachave zvakare nekuramba kwakasimba kwechero basa zvachose reWorld Bank mune yemamiriro ekunze emari yekuvaka iyo inogona kugadzirwa muCancun.
Mamiriro ekunze akagadzirirwa kuti pave nenhaurirano dzakaoma, dzinomonereka. Zvakadaro, masangano ezvekugarisana nevamwe pamwe nemamwe masangano emasangano anomirira kusimudzira manzwi evanhu, sezvakatotaurwa zvakanyanya muPeoples Agreement, yakasvika paWorld Peoples Conference on Climate Change and the Rights of Mother Earth yakaitwa muna Kubvumbi 2010 kuCochabamba. , Borivhiya.
Sangano rekururamisira kwezvakatipoteredza iro rakatora matanho akakomba ekutanga muCopenhagen rine chokwadi chekutora matanho akasimba mumigwagwa yeCancun uye muzviuru zveCancuns iri kurongerwa nzvimbo dzakawanda pasi rose.
Mharidzo iri muCancun, kana tichifanira kutarisira mafambiro ekuita chaiwo ekugadzirisa shanduko yemamiriro ekunze, ndeyekuti hurumende dzinofanira kuteerera kune zviri kutaurwa nevanhu, kune matambudziko chaiwo akatarisana nevanhu vanotambura pasirese, uye kwete kukweretesa nzeve dzavo kune kabhoni. vanofungidzira.
Tsvaga zvimwe nezve izvo Shamwari dzePasi dziri kushevedzera kuCancun
Nnimmo Bassey ndiye Sachigaro weFriends of the Earth International.
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
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