Hurumende yeConservative yakanyanya kudzivirira kupihwa mhosva panguva yesarudzo yekutadza kumisa kurwisa kwemagandanga. Yakakurudzira kubatana kweBritish mukuzvidza avo vakaita hutsinye, chaive chimiro chine musoro, kunyangwe icho chinogonesa maConservatives kuti atore chero vatsoropodzi pakuparadzanisa nyika panguva yedambudziko. Jeremy Corbyn paakataura nemazvo kuti mutemo weUK wekuchinja kwehutongi muIraq, Syria neLibya wakanga waparadza masimba ehurumende uye wakapa nzvimbo tsvene dzeAl-Qaeda neIsis, akapomerwa mhosva yekuda kuderedza kukanganisa kwemagandanga. Hapana akataura kuti zvakakanganisa mitemo yeBritain yekunze iyo yakapa magandanga simba nekuvapa nzvimbo yekushanda.

Chikanganiso chikuru muBritish anti-gandanga zano kunyepedzera kuti hugandanga nekunyanyisa kweSalafi-jihadi mafambiro anogona kuonekwa uye kubviswa mukati meUK. Kurudziro uye kurongeka kwekurwiswa kwemagandanga kunobva kuMiddle East uye kunyanya kubva kuIsis nzvimbo dzeSyria, Iraq neLibya. Hugandanga hwavo hahusi kuzopera chero bedzi aya mafambiro anotyisa asi anoshanda achiramba aripo. Izvo zvakati, kurwisa-hugandanga mukati meUK haina kusimba kupfuura zvazvinofanira kuva.

Kurwiswa kweLondon neManchester kunouya zvakanyanya kubva kuIsis playbook: zvishoma zviwanikwa zvevanhu zvakaiswa kune yakanyanya kuita. Yakazara nzira iri kure uye zvishoma, hapana hunyanzvi hwemauto kune mhondi hunodiwa, uye kusavapo kwepfuti kunoita kuti zvisaite kumisa. Kuronda kufamba kwenhamba shoma yezvombo kunowanzova nyore pane kutevera nhamba huru yevanhu.

Pane chikonzero chekuzvifarira chekuti hurumende dzeBritain dziratidze hugandanga segomarara repamusha mukati menharaunda yeMuslim. Hurumende dzekuMadokero sese dzinoda kunyepedzera kuti mutemo wavo wakanganisa, kunyanya iwo ekupindira kwemauto kuMiddle East kubva 2001, haana kugadzirira ivhu reAl-Qaeda neIsis. Izvi zvinoita kuti vakwanise kuchengetedza hukama hwakanaka nenyika dzine masimba dzeSunni dzakaita seSaudi Arabia, Turkey nePakistan, dzinozivikanwa nekubatsira mafambiro eSalafi-jihadi. Kuisa mhosva yehugandanga pane chimwe chinhu chisina kujeka uye chisingatsananguriki se "radicalisation" uye "extremism" inodzivirira kunongedza zvigunwe kuWahhabism inopihwa mari neSaudi iyo yaita mabhiriyoni 1.6 eSunni maMuslim, chikamu chimwe muzvina chehuwandu hwepasi rose, zvakanyanya kugamuchira al- Mafambiro erudzi rweQaeda nhasi kupfuura zvazvaive makore makumi matanhatu apfuura.

Kupofumadza nemaune kunzvimbo dzakanyanya uye nevanhu - nyika dzeSunni, Wahhabism, Saudi Arabia, Syrian neLibyan inopokana nepfuti - ndicho chikonzero chikuru nei "Hondo Yekutyisa" yakundikana kubvira 9/11. Pane kudaro, maitiro mazhinji asina kujeka etsika mukati menharaunda dzechiMuslim anonangwa: Mutungamiri Bush vakapinda muIraq, izvo zvaive zvisina chekuita neal-Qaeda, uye nhasi Mutungamiri Trump vari kushora Iran sehosi yehugandanga panguva iyo pfuti dzeIsis dziri kuuraya vanhu. muTehran. MuBritain chiyeuchidzo chikuru chekushayikwa kwechokwadi kwezvematongerwo enyika ndiko kusatariswa uye kunopesana nechirongwa chePrevent. Izvi hazvingokundikani kuwana magandanga, asi nekushingaira kuvabatsira, nekunongedza masangano ekuchengetedza nemapurisa munzira isiri iyo. Izvo zvakare zvinosvibisa mvura kune chero munhu ari kuedza kugadzirisa hukama pakati penyika yeBritish nemamiriyoni 2.8 maMuslim muUK nekuunza fungidziro yekufungirana uye kutambudzwa.

Pasi pe2015 Counter-Terrorism and Security Act, vanhu vanoshanda mumasangano ehurumende - vadzidzisi, vanachiremba, vashandi vezvemagariro evanhu - vane basa repamutemo rekutaura zviratidzo zvetsitsi dzehugandanga pakati peavo vavanosangana navo, kunyange zvazvo pasina anoziva kuti izvi zvii. Migumisiro yakaipa yeizvi inotsanangurwa, nehupfumi hwehuchapupu hunoparadza hunotsigira, naKarma Nabulsi munyaya ichangopfuura pamusoro peChirongwa chekudzivirira mu. London Review of Books ine musoro unoti ‘Usaenda Kuna Chiremba.’ Iye anotaura nhau yavapoteri veSyria, mumwe murume nomudzimai wake, avo vakatumira mwanakomana wavo muduku, uyo akanga asingatongotauri Chirungu, kuchikoro chekireshi. Nekuda kwezviitiko zvake zvinoshungurudza zvakaitika muSyria akapedza nguva yake yakawanda ariko achidhirowa ndege dzaidonhedza mabhomba. Vashandi vepakireshi vanogona kunge vakatarisirwa kunyaradza mudiki akabatwa nehondo, asi panzvimbo pezvo vakadaidza mapurisa. Ivava vakaenda kunoona vabereki ndokuvabvunza vakaparadzana, vachidanidzira mibvunzo yakadai seyokuti: “Munonyengetera kangani pazuva? Unotsigira Mutungamiri Assad here? Unotsigira ani? Uri kudivi ripi?"

Kana Isis kana al Qaeda vakakumbirwa kuti vagadzire chirongwa chingangokanganisa kurwiswa kwavo uye vane mhosva yekuendesa mapurisa kunovhima mhuka dzesango, vaizowana zvakaoma kuronga chero chinhu chinobatsira ivo pachavo kupfuura Kudzivirira uye Kurwisa-Ugandanga uye Security Act. Ruzhinji rwevanhu vekuBritain vane pfungwa yakawanda pamusoro pekuti vangaziva sei gandanga sezvakaita madzitateguru avo makore 400 apfuura nezvekutsvaga varoyi. Iyo Psychology yakafanana muzviitiko zvese uye 2015 Act ichokwadi chirevo checrackpots umo zvikamu zvishanu kubva muzana zvehuwandu hweBritain zvinoonekwa zvisina kujeka sekufungidzira. Nabulsi anonyora kuti chikumbiro cheRusununguko rweRuzivo kumapurisa "chakaratidza kuti inopfuura 80 muzana yemishumo yevanhu vaifungidzirwa kuti vane mhirizhonga yakarambwa seisina hwaro".

Hurumende inogona kunyengetedza vanonyengerera kuti kushandura munhu wese anoshandira nyika kuve munhu angangoita ruzivo kunoburitsa hungwaru hwakawanda hunobatsira. Muchokwadi, inoshanda kuvhara iyo sisitimu nemashoko asingabatsiri uye anotsausa. Pachiitiko chisingawanzoiti chinobudisa nugget, pane mukana wakanaka wekuti icharegererwa.

Kuwandisa kwamashoko kunotsanangura chikonzero nei vazhinji vanoti vakashuma mufambiro wokunyumwira zvapachokwadi vakawana kuti ivo vakafuratirwa. Kazhinji chiito ichi chaive chakajeka uye chichiratidza zvakadai seManchester bhomba Salman Abedi achidanidzira pasi muparidzi mumosque akatsoropodza Isis. Aibatanidzwawo neakanyanya jihadi Libyan Islamic Fighting Group. Mumwe wevatatu mhondi paLondon Bridge uye muBorough Market, Khuram Butt, akatotaura maonero ake epro-Isis paterevhizheni uye mumwe wevatatu ava, weItaly-Moroccan Youssef Zaghba, akamiswa nemapurisa eItaly paBologna Airport achifungidzira kuyedza. kuenda kunorwira Isis kana al-Qaeda muSyria. Asi hapana kana chimwe cheizvi chakatorwa nemapurisa.

Muzviitiko zvakawanda, magandanga anogona haafanire kutorwa, asi vakaita kuti tsitsi dzavo dzeIsis dzive pachena. Kutenda kwehurumende kwekuti magandanga vanhu vakazvimiririra "vakaremerwa" neinternet pasina kuve nhengo yechero network haisi yechokwadi. Dr Peter Neumann veInternational Center for the Study of Radicalization kuKings College London vanonzi vakati "nhamba yezviitiko zvekuti vanhu vakanyanya kurongeka neinternet idiki, diki, diki."

Zvisina maturo seDziviriro chirongwa chinofukidza chokwadi chokuti Isis uye al-Qaeda mhando magandanga vari pedyo interlinked, kunyanya nekutora chikamu kana tsitsi nokuda jihadi ane zvombo kushora muLibyan uye Syrian hondo. Muzvinafundo Neumann anoti: “Kana ukatanga kubatanidza mashoko acho, nhamba huru zvikuru yevaya vokuBritain vakaenda kuSyria vakanga vakabatana, vanhu vakanga vatozivana.” Kusiyana nehuchenjeri hwakajairika uye hwehurumende, kurangana kwemagandanga hakuna kunyanya kuchinja kubva Brutus, Cassius neshamwari dzavo vakaronga kuuraya Julius Caesar.