Tichangobva kupemberera "Juneteenth" (kutanga kwekupera kweuranda muU.S.) mukati memhirizhonga uye dzimwe nguva inovhiringidza zvematongerwo enyika uye izvo zvinoita sekuwedzera kwekuunganidza rusaruraganda. Kune vanoita zveinternet, mamiriro ezvinhu anobvunza mubvunzo: chii, panguva ino munhoroondo yedu, hukama pakati pe tekinoroji nevanhu vatema?
Inyaya yakakosha kwatiri tese.
Vaverengi venguva dzose vesaiti ino vakaiverenga kakawanda: nekuwedzera kudyidzana kwepasi rose uye hupfumi hwemashoko, internet yave huru, kana isiri iyo huru, tekinoroji yekutaurirana munyika yanhasi. MuUnited States, ndicho chishandiso chinonyanya kufarirwa chekutaura neboka, kudzidza, kutsvagisa, kutsaudzira, kutapira nhau, kubatana kwehungwaru uye kushandiswa kwenhau.
Vanhu vazhinji vanoverenga izvi vanobvuma kuti vanhu vatema vanofanira kunge vari chikamu cheizvozvo. Asi chokwadi ichocho hachingori basa rekuzvipira kuenzana kana kururamisira. Izvo zvinodikanwa kana isu tichizochengetedza rusununguko uye kushanda kweInternet uye kuvaka nzanga yechokwadi uye ine demokrasi.
Irworwo rudzi rwenzanga runoda kuti vanhu Vatema "vagare patafura" yekuenzana munyika ino uye, kuti vaite izvozvo, vanofanira kunakidzwa nehukama hwakazara, hwakasimba neinternet iyo yakaenzana nemamwe mapoka evanhu.
Izvozvo, nhasi, hazvisizvo hazvo.
Nepo iyo "digital divide" ichiri chimwe chinhu chenyaya, haisisiri iyo huru. Vanhu vatema muUnited States vanonakidzwa nekushandisa kwakavhurika uye kwakasimba kwehunyanzvi hweinternet, kunyanya nekusimuka kwenharembozha uye terevhizheni yetambo semidziyo yeinternet. Ose ari maviri matekinoroji aya anowanikwa munzvimbo dzese dzevatema munyika ino.
Nekudaro, komputa neinternet kuwana uye kushandiswa neveAfrica America zvinoramba zviri pasi peiyo yeWhites. Iyo Pew Research Center kudzidza nezvemuridzi wemidziyo vakawana kuti hafu yedzimba dzose dzine mari inotambirwa pagore iri pasi pemadhora makumi matatu ezviuru hadzina kana kushandisa kombiyuta kumba, zvichienzaniswa ne30,000% yedzimba dzine mari inopfuura $10. Mari yepakati pevatema yevatema vekuUS muna 50,000 yaive $2015, sekureva kwe Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Sezvo Lee Rainie, Mutungamiriri wePew Research Center weInternet, Sainzi, uye Tekinoroji Tsvagiridzo (uye munyori pamwe chete wechidzidzo ichocho) anotsanangura, hukama hwevanhu Vatema kuinternet hwakanyanya uye hwakakura. Saka nepo mudzidzi weBlack koreji (ruzhinji rwakakura zvakanyanya mumakore makumi maviri apfuura) anogona kushandisa internet zvakasununguka uye pachena pakutsvaga nekutaurirana, munhu akasiya chikoro chesekondari anogona kuishandisa zvakanyanya kukurumidza "kutumira mameseji" uye. tweeting, kana zvachose. Izvi zvine musoro, sezvo internet iri yakanyorwa yekutaurirana chishandiso kune chikamu chikuru.
Pamusoro pezvo, sezvinoratidzwa neongororo yePew, musiyano wekushandiswa pakati pemazera akasiyana-siyana unonyanya kutaurwa munharaunda yevatema, uye vanhu vakura vari vashoma zvakanyanya mukana wekushandisa internet.
Zvakadaro, vanhu vatema vava kuwana tekinoroji yeinternet kupfuura nakare kose. Asi kuwana munharaunda yevatema hakusi kuti ndiani anoshandisa internet asi kuti vanoishandisa sei.
Uye ndiro dambudziko.
Chekutanga, maitiro acho ndeekushandisa zvakanyanya social media. Twitter ne Facebook pasina mubvunzo ndiwo anonyanya kufarirwa mashandiro einternet pakati pevadiki Vatema. Kunyange pasina munhu anogona kubvunza kukosha uye kubatsira kwezvibvumirano izvi, zvakashomeka mukugona kwavo kukurudzira kutaurirana kunoshanda. Facebook's scrapbook mharidzo uye Twitter mitsara yemazwi inoita kuti zvinyorwa, mapepa uye mamwe marefu akanyorwa mafomu akaoma kuverenga uye zvisingakwanisi kutumira.
Izvi zvinomanikidzira zvine hungwaru kune vangangove vanyori (izvo, mutsika dzepainternet, chero munhu ane zano mumusoro make) asi zviri kurovesa hana kune avo vanogona kuverenga chinyorwa ichi. Kuvepo kwevatema muhukuru hwehungwaru tsika yeinternet yakanyanya kushomeka semhedzisiro.
Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika nemasangano ekurwisana kwevanhu anotungamirirwa nevanhu vatema vakaita seBlack Lives Matter. Kunyange zvazvo sangano iri rakarongeka zvikuru paIndaneti, rakashandisa Twitter zvakanyanya nekutumira mameseji sechipiri, teknolojia inotsigira. Nepo aya ari maturusi ane simba ekuunganidza, haatenderi kuongororwa kwakadzama uye kufunga kwekubatana (imwe yevatsoropodzi vanoita zveBlack Lives Matter movement). Muchiitiko ichi, tekinoroji yakaendesa vanhu vatema mberi maererano nekuonekwa kweveruzhinji asi, nekuda kwezvibvumirano zvakashandiswa, zvakaganhurira kugona kwavo kukudziridza uye kuronga ongororo yezvematongerwo enyika pamwe nehurongwa hwekugadzirisa nyaya dzehurongwa dzakakonzera kufamba.
Kune, kuve nechokwadi, mawebhusaiti anoshanda muBlack nhau uye ongororo yemagariro / ezvematongerwo enyika uye ivo vanozivikanwa uye vane mukurumbira. Asi vashoma uye vane ghetto zvakanyanya - havawanzo kutaurwa nemamwe masangano enhau kana mawebhusaiti ekuongorora, asingawanzo kutaurwa nevatauri vanotaura nezvehunyanzvi, uye asingashanyirwe zvakanyanya nemumwe munhu kunze kweVatema.
Chechipiri, rusaruraganda rwakavhurika uye rune hutsinye huripo uye zvakanaka painternet. Kunyangwe kutarisa kwechimbichimbi pazvikamu zvekutaura zvechero saiti yenhau (seCNN kana Fox) inoratidza rusarura rwunokatyamadza rwune hutsinye uye hukashama kupfuura hwaive hwakatekeshera makore makumi mana. Kusazivikanwa kweinternet, kusanganisirwa nekuwedzera kwekufunga kwerusarura uye kutaura (sezvo vanhu vachena vanotarisana netarisiro inotyisa muhupenyu hwavo uye vachigoneswa kuuraya vanhu veruvara nekuda kweizvozvo) zvakaburitsa tsika yerusarura kutaura zvakanyanya zvekuti zvakaoma. kupikisa pachena.
Zvinotyisa kuva munhu ane ruvara mumamiriro ezvinhu eruzhinji uye nharo dzepa internet uye vanhu vatema vanotora hukuru hwekurova uku kwehudzvanyiriri. Nekuda kweizvozvo, vanhu Vatema vanowanzo kuungana uye kutora chikamu chete pane mamwe marudzi emawebhusaiti asi vasingaite zvakawanda kupfuura "kusevha" iyo yese yeNet.
Nekuda kweizvozvo, yakawanda yeinternet haina kuvepo kweBlack muruzivo nekuongorora kwayo.
Chetatu, kune vashoma vashoma veVatema tekinoroji uye vanombova vashoma vanhu Vatema muzvinzvimbo zvikuru mune chero sangano rehunyanzvi kana network. Dambudziko rakakosha kune tsika nehunhu hwetekinoroji. Kushanda kweinternet, manejimendi ayo, uye (kunyanya kukosha) kusimukira kwayo kuburikidza nesoftware nemaprotocol zvese zvinofambiswa nevarume vachena, nemhedzisiro inokonzeresa uye maonero mashoma anogona kutarisirwa kuratidza chero maitiro akaomerwa nerudzi. Pamatambudziko ese ane chekuita neinternet, iyi ndiyo yakaipisisa nekuti inosvika kure mune ramangwana, idambudziko remidzi risingagone kugadziriswa pasina kuvandudzwa kwehuwandu hwetekinoroji, uye rakadzika midzi musimba revarume vachena. kutaurirana uye hupfumi hwakabatanidzwa muinternet tekinoroji.
Inofamba yakabatana nerusaruraganda uye hutongi hwevachena.
Chekupedzisira, kuputika kuri kuita kushandiswa kweindaneti, kunyanya mukutengesa kwezvitoro, kwaunza vanhu vatema vakawanda (kunyanya vechidiki vatema) mukushandisa tekinoroji asi iyo inoshandisa miganhu yeruzivo rwekutaurirana kwevanhu vatema kune yemazuva ano vhezheni yekutenga spree. . Kutenga painternet chinhu chakanyanya kurerutsira, asi kushandisa Indaneti kune izvozvo chete chirambidzo chakakura munharaunda uye chinokanganisa kutora chikamu kwakazara kwevagari munyika mune zvematongerwo enyika, zvemagariro, uye tsika.
Dambudziko iri rakakura uye rinobata munhu wese munharaunda ino uye pane zvinhu zvishoma zvatingaiteโฆikozvinoโฆpanguva ino yeUnited Nationsโ International Decade of People of African Descent. Izvi zvinofanirwa kuve zvinodiwa nemafambiro edu uye mapoinzi ekubatana pakati pavo:
* Rovedza uye simbisa Vatema matekinoroji uye vashandisi vetekinoroji. Izvi zvinomiririra zvirongwa zvekudzidziswa kwechokwadi uye kwete "chirongwa chekudzidziswa" chakagadzirirwa kutungamira vechidiki vane ruvara kupinda mumabasa emakambani anovhiringidza uye anoodza magariro.
* Chengetedza kurambidza kutaura kweruvengo uye kudziridza tsika dzepamhepo dzekushivirira uye kuremekedzana. Kutaura kwakasununguka ikodzero chaiyo; kushungurudzwa kwemarudzi hakusi uye Indaneti haifaniri kubvuma izvozvo. Zvese zvinofanirwa kuitwa nemupi wekutaura kupindura nekukasira uye nekupinza mazwi ekutaura eruvengo - ari nyore kuona - uye kujekesa kuti izvi zvinopesana nemutemo weanopa. Pane zvakawanda zvavanogona kuita mukuwedzera asi izvo zvega zvingave zvine simba.
* Ronga kuvaka dzimwe nzvimbo dzekufunga kwevatema uye zano rakajeka rekushambadza uye kushambadza zvirimo zvinogadzirwa nevanhu veAfrica. Muchidimbu, mira "ghetto-izing" kufunga kwakasviba paInternet nekupa mari uye kutsigira vatema-run tsvagiridzo nenzvimbo dzekufunga uye kufambisa kuburitswa kwebasa ravo.
* Ramba uye dzosera kubiridzira uye kusungirirwa kwemakambani kweinternet nekudzivirira kusarerekera kwemukati uye kugadzira uye kutsigira yemahara uye yakavhurika sosi software uye yakavhurika yekuwana kushambadza. Mushure mezvose, ndicho chimiro chemahara Internet.
Muzera redhijitari, hutongi hwejekerere uye rusununguko zvinoenderana nekugona kwedu kutaurirana nenzira yakaenzana uye ine rusaruro. Zviri pachena kuti kukanganisa kwenguva refu kwerusarura kunoramba kuchiripo uye zvechokwadi kunowedzerwa kuburikidza nehunyanzvi. Kurwira kusunungurwa kwemazuva ano kunotsamira pakuwana kodzero yekukurukurirana kwakasununguka uye kwakaenzana, izvo zvakakosha pakubudirira kwedzimwe kodzero dzevanhu.
Jackie Smith, purofesa paYunivhesiti yePittsburgh, ndiye muvambi weInternational Network of Scholar/Activists uye mutungamiri weMay First/People Link. Alfredo Lopez anonyora nezve tekinoroji yeIzvi Hazvigone Kuitika! senhengo yemubatanidzwa.
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
dhoneta