Nguva yedu yenhoroondo yazvino inoda fungidziro huru yemagadzirisiro atinoita njodzi dzakasiyana. Iwo mavheti emasimba ari mumaoko ehutongi hunovenga pachena kune vanonyanya kudzvinyirirwa munharaunda yedu (Vanhu vatema, maNative people, varombo, LGBTQ people, immigrant community and more). Kunyange tichizvidzivirira kubva pakurova kwavo nguva dzose uye nguva dzose, tinofanirawo kurwira chiono chenyika yatinoda kugara. Kwatiri, iyo inyika iyo vanhu vakaita saTiffany Rusher, akatanga mutongo wemakore mashanu paLogan Correctional Center muBroadwell Township, Illinois, muna 2013, vasingarwadziswe kusvika vafa muzita re "kuchengeteka." Chiono chedu chinosimbirira pakubviswa kwenzvimbo yeindasitiri yejeri sembiru yakakosha yekusikwa kwenharaunda itsva.
Akasungwa achipomerwa mhosva yekuita zvepabonde, Tiffany Rusher akazoiswa muchitokisi ari ega nekuda kwekurwa nemumwe wevaaigara navo muchitokisi. Munguva yaakavharirwa ari ega, hutano hwepfungwa hwaRusher hwakatanga kuipa, zvichitanga kutenderera kwekuzvikuvadza. Mushure mekutevedzana kwekuedza kuzviuraya uye nguva dzekuvharirwa wega, Rusher akaiswa pa "wachi yenjodzi" kwenhambo yemwedzi misere. Maererano negweta raRusher, Alan Mills, kuva paโwachi yenhamoโ kwaireva kubvisirwa hembe dzose nezvinhu, uye kuiswa muchitokisi chisina chinhu chine โsmock yekuzviurayaโ (chidimbu chimwe chenaironi gobvu yakarukwa, chakanyanya kuomarara kupetwa, nemaburi emusoro nemaoko). Munguva iyi, Rusher akatariswa kuburikidza nemadziro eplexiglass, aine marambi, maawa makumi maviri nemana pazuva. Pane kuti agamuchire hutano hwepfungwa, Rusher akachengetwa asina kupfeka, kunze kwekusvuta kwake, muchitokisi chisina chinhu. Akapiwa mirairidzo yakasimba, inoshatisa pamusoro penzira yokuzvipukuta nayo amene nokutarisira utsanana hwake hwokuenda kumwedzi, iyo yaibatanidza chinodikanwa chokuti maoko ake aonekwe nomurindiri anomutarira nguva dzose. Kuti averenge, Rusher aitofanira kunyengetedza murindi wejeri kuti abate bhuku rakavhurika pagirazi resero rake, uye kuvhura peji imwe neimwe sezvaaipedza kuriverenga.
Nekufamba kwenguva, Rusher akabvunza gweta rake kuti: Ndiani ari mumamiriro ake ezvinhu aisazoda kuzviuraya?
Pakupera kwemutongo wake, Rusher akazoendeswa kuchipatara chevarwere vepfungwa. Rusher, uyo akaudza vanachiremba vake kuti akambobatwa chibharo nevana, akanga awana zvirwere zvakawanda mumakore apfuura, kusanganisira schizoaffective disorder, asi zvakadaro akafambira mberi zvikuru paairapwa. Mwedzi misere mukutarisira kwake varwere, zvisinei, Rusher akanetsana nomumwe murwere. Panzvimbo pekubata chiitiko ichi sechiratidzo chezvinetso zvehutano hwepfungwa, akadzoserwa kujeri, uko kutenderera kwemhirizhonga yecarceral kwakaenderera.
Jeri reSangamon County rakadzosera Rusher kuchitokisi chake ega, kwaakagara kwemwedzi mitatu asati awanikwa asingapindure nechidimbu chetauro chakabvaruka pahuro pake. Rusher akafa mazuva gumi nemaviri gare gare apo chipatara chakamubvisa kubva kuhupenyu hwehupenyu. Mumashoko egweta raRusher, Alan Mills, โVakatanga kumutambudza, ndokuzomuuraya.โ
Panguva yekufa kwake, Tiffany Rusher aive nemakore makumi maviri nemanomwe.
Zvinosuruvarisa, zvakatsungirirwa naRusher zvakanga zvisiri zvechienzi. Iyo US jeri system yakagadzirirwa kupwanya vanhu vakaita saTiffany Rusher mazuva ese, paine chikamu chidiki chevanhu vanoshanda kubatsira vasungwa kuti vazviponese kubva mukuvharirwa pasi. Munyaya yaRusher, magweta nevashandi veUptown People's Law Center, muChicago, vaive vadziviriri vake, asi pakupedzisira, maronda akapihwa nehurongwa akange akadzika, uye kutenderera kwechisimba checarceral kwakange kwakadzikwa zvakanyanya kuti zvikanganise. Rusher, zvino ave nhamba kupasi rose uye dare rinomhan'ara kune avo magweta ake aizozvidavirira parufu rwake, akarambwa chero kuzivikanwa kwehunhu hwake achiri muhusungwa. Asi Rusher akanga asiri nhamba. Aive munhu, uye kudzoreredza kuziva kwedu nezvehunhu hwevasungwa idanho rakakosha rekubvisa kukuvadzwa kwekusungwa kwevanhu vakawanda.
Mushure mekufa kwaRusher, amai vake, Kelli Andrews, vakati mune chirevo, "Tiffany aive mweya wakanaka une tariro yeramangwana rake. Akanga achitarisira kudzoka kumba kuti ave nemhuri yake. Tinomusuwa mazuva ose.โ
Semajeri abolitionists, varongi vepasi uye varapi ve kururamisira kunoshandura, chiono chedu che2018 ndechimwe chekuziva kwemaziso akajeka uye kukurukurirana pamusoro pezvinotyisa zvejeri rejeri - uye chiito chinodiwa nekuziva. Senzanga, takafuratira kubva kune chero kunetseka kwevanhu kunotikurira. Ingave ihondo, shanduko yemamiriro ekunze kana jeri reindasitiri, vanhu vekuAmerica vakagadziriswa kuti vangotarisa kure nekukuvadza kwakanyanya. Makore emuitiro uyu akatisiya nehondo dzisingaperi, makungwa ari kufa uye mamiriyoni evanhu ari muusungwa uye nemapurisa anodzvinyirira. Yave nguva yekunyatsoongorora, kusingazungunuke kwezvakaitwa nenharaunda yedu, uye zvatave. Yave nguva yekufungidzira nekugadzira dzimwe nzira dzemamiriro egehena akaunzwa nenharaunda yedu.
Kunyepedzera kweIdea Itsva
Vanopikisa vanopokana nekubvisa maindasitiri ejeri vanowanzoratidza vanobvisa zvematongerwo enyika sevadzidzisi vasingaite zvematongerwo enyika vanoburitsa pfungwa dzisingagoneke. Hapana chimwe cheizvi chingava kure nechokwadi. Abolitionists vanobva kwakasiyana-siyana, uye vazhinji vanoita zvematongerwo enyika. Kubva pakuchinja mari yechibatiso kuenda kuhurongwa hwekupindira kwesarudzo uye kubatsirana, vanobvisa majeri vari kushanda nesimba munharaunda medu, vachishandisa nzira dzekuderedza kukuvadzwa, kurwira uye kupokana nemutemo, vachidzivirira kodzero dzevasungwa mukubatana neavo vanozvironga mukati uye vachishanda. kuendesa mberi chiono cheshanduko yemagariro. Sehurongwa hwezvematongerwo enyika, kubviswa kwacho kwakawana nzvimbo yakakosha mumakore achangopfuura, nemapoka akaita seNational Lawyers Guild achitora huzivi mubasa ravo. Huwandu huri kuramba huchikura hwevarongi vevamiriri vepasi vakaronga zvirongwa zvinozivikanwa nenyika zvakaita se #ByeAnita kuedza muChicago, iyo yakabatsira kubudirira kubvisa aimbova Gweta reHurumende Anita Alvarez pachigaro. Varongi veAbolitionist vakabatsirawo kutungamira kuedza kuhwina mubairo kune vakapona pakushungurudzwa kwakaitika pasi pemukuru wemapurisa ane mukurumbira wakashata Jon Burge muChicago - guta iro, mumakore makumi maviri adarika, rave muzinda wekubvisa. Kubvisa inzira inoshanda yekuronga.
Uye zvakadaro, kana tichitaura nezve kubviswa kwejeri reindasitiri, vazhinji vanoita sekunge zano iri nderechienzi uye harifungike - sekunge, kwavari, majeri, mapurisa uye kutariswa chikamu chehurongwa hwechisikigo husingagone kugadziriswa. Muchokwadi, hurongwa hwemajeri hahuna kuona kuwanda kwehuwandu hwevanhu kusvika kuma1980, apo deindustrialization yakagadzira kudiwa kwehupfumi hwemugomba kutsiva mabasa akarasika, uye kudzoreredza kwaipokana neCivil Rights Movement uye zvimwe zvakawanikwa munharaunda nevanhu vatema zvakasimudzira kuedza pa. kudzora magariro.
Senzanga, takadzidziswa kugamuchira kutonga kwevanhu, uko kunowanzosimbiswa nevanhu vane pfuti, nokuti takadzidziswa kutya mumwe nomumwe, uye kubvuma chiremera. Isu tinorarama mutsika inopemberera kupara mhosva, mapurisa nemajeri. Mapurisa anotuka, anotambudza vanova vatambi vepaterevhizheni vanonzwira tsitsi avo vanokuvadza veruzhinji vanogona kunzwisisa kana kutonzwira tsitsi. Asi kana munhu asiri varwi aita zvakaipa zvakaipisisa, nyaradzo yenyika yatinodzidziswa kutsvaga ndeyekuona vachitambura. Dzinofanira kukandwa mukeji, uye kana dzangovapo, kururamisira kunorangarirwa kuva kwaitwa, uye tose tinogona kupfuurira noupenyu hwedu pasina kumbobvunza mibvunzo yakadai seyokuti: Neiko ikoku kwakaitika? Nei zvichiramba zvichiitika? Uye pane here chatingachinja chingaite kuti njodzi iyi isatombofungika pakutanga?
Kufanana nebhizinesi chero ripi zvaro rakazvarwa nekudiwa kwakagadzirwa, majeri anozvisimudzira, uye izvo zvinoda kuchengetedzwa kwemamiriro ezvinhu anokurudzira kuparwa kwemhosva. Kubva 1978 kusvika 2014, huwandu hwemajeri eUS hwakakwira 408 muzana, zvikurukuru ichizadza matanga ayo naavo vakanyimwa kuwana dzidzo, basa namabasa avanhu. Inenge 70 muzana yevasungwa muCalifornia vaimbova pwere dzinochengeta vabereki. Uye nekupihwa kuti iyo system yacho yakanangana nayo kudzokorora, hapagoni kuva nenharo yokuti gadziriro yejeri inotsigira kuchengetedzwa kweruzhinji kana kuti zvakanaka. Kukundikana kwedu kuvaka tsika yekutarisira inosimudzira kukura kwevanhu uye kukwanisa, panzvimbo yekuisa kushuva, kunovimbisa kuti "vapari vemhosva" vakawanda vachasikwa, uye vozorangwa, kune rubatsiro rukuru rwevaya vanowana purofiti kubva kumaindasitiri ane chokuita nekuvharirwa. Jeri inzira yakaipa uye isingashande yekugadzirisa mhirizhonga nehutsotsi.
Kuombera Kusungwa
Kunyangwe avo vanobvuma kuti kusungwa kwevanhu vakawanda muUS kunotyisa uye kusarongeka kazhinji vanonzwa vachimanikidzwa kuombera kana sisitimu yabata mumwe munhu anokuvadza zvinotisemesa. Martin Shkreli, aimbove maneja wehedge fund, akatongerwa kugara makore manomwe nemhosva yekubiridzira, memes uye kuseka kwakawanda. Shkreli, uyo akaita mukurumbira mukuyera mitengo yemishonga, achikwidza mutengo wemushonga weDaraprim kubva pamadhora gumi nematanhatu kusvika pamadhora mazana manomwe nemakumi mashanu papiritsi, akamboonekwa se "murume anovengwa zvakanyanya muAmerica," zvichimuita mwana akakodzera wedunhu recarceral. Asi senge pfungwa zhinji dzinotitendera kunzvenga maziso edu uye kufuratira sisitimu yakakura, pfungwa iyi izere nemakomba. Kutanga, Shkreli akanga asiri kurangwa nokuda kwokumanikidza varwere veAIDS kubhadhara mazana ezviuru zvemadhora pagore nokuda kwomushonga unoponesa upenyu, nokuti vapfumi havangorangwi nokuda kwokushandisa bhizimisi muUnited States. Chero bedzi kuchinja kwavo mari kuchiuraya maererano nemitemo yemusika wakasununguka, havaoni chirango. Shkreli akarangwa nekuda kwekubiridzira kwekuchengetedza. Muchidimbu, akatamba Monopoly nevapfumi vane tsvina uye akatyora mitemo. Uye zvakadaro, nekuti akakuvadzawo vanhu vemazuva ese, nguva ino yakasimudzwa seimwe yakashanda hurongwa, nekuti mumwe munhu watinonzwa kuzvidza akarangwa.
Iyo sisitimu inozopota ichipa ma kernel akadaro, asi iwo haawedzere kururamisiro. Hapana shanduko iri kumanikidzwa paindasitiri yemishonga nekuda kwekukuvadza kwaSkreli, uye vatungamiriri vari kukwidza mitengo pa insulin uye mamwe mishonga inoponesa upenyu haisi kutarisana nenguva yejeri (kana ichi chiri chiratidzo chedu chekururamisira). Tsika yenharaunda yedu ye "kururamisira" haina basa nekugadzira mamiriro ezvinhu, uye hurongwa hwedu hwekuranga haurangi vane simba nekupwanya avo vane simba shoma. Vapfumi vachiwedzera kupfuma nepo vamwe vachidzika pasi chikamu che "chakarurama" kurongeka kwenharaunda yedu. Iko hakuna mhinduro dzinopihwa nehurongwa, chete kuratidzwa kweapo neapo kwekutambudzika kana kufa kwevanhu kugutsa ruzhinji.
Tichifunga nezvemamiriro ezvinhu aya, tinofanira kunzwisisa kuti, nekuombera mhirizhonga yecarceral, tiri kurumbidzawo kutadza kwakasimba uye kunotyisa kwebudiriro yekumadokero.
Nhau dzakaita saTiffany Rusher dzakavigwa pasi pemisoro yezvevanhu vakaita saSkreli uye serial bhinya. larry nassar - nyaya dzinovimbisa veruzhinji kuti kutsiva kwakakosha uye idzo dzinogutsa chishuwo chakakurumbira chekutsiva pakatarisana nenjodzi nekukuvadzwa. Nyaya dzematsotsi eAmerica hadzisi nyaya dzezvakanaka nezvakaipa, nekuti sisitimu yacho haina, uye haina kumbobvira yave, yakanaka kana yehugamba, uye kukuvadzwa kwematsotsi kunowanzo kuoma kupfuura zvatingatarisira kubvuma. Mhosva dzakatongerwa Tiffany Rusher dzaisanganisira bonde nemwana mudiki, asi nei Rusher aive ari padyo nemukomana mudiki pakutanga?
Sekureva kwaRusher, aiita basa repabonde apo akakumbirwa kuti ape mabasa epabonde papati. Zvakazoitika ndezvokuti murume wechidiki hama yake yaida kutengera bonde aive mudiki. Rusher aiva nemakore 21. Apo amai vejaya racho vakaziva nezvepati yacho, vakashatirwa ndokumhanโara kumapurisa. Uye saizvozvi, Rusher akava mutadzi wepabonde mumaziso emutemo. Zvakasiyana sei zvaakasangana nazvo zvinogona kunge zvakabva kune avo vanowanzoonekwa se "zvikara," Rusher akabatwa nemusungo nemhando yekupara mhosva uye isingatendeuke.
Mhosva dzakaita sekudaidzira kwaRusher patiri tese kuti tibvume kukuvadzwa kwakaitwa hurongwa hwedu uye kugadzira mhando yemamiriro emagariro uye ehupfumi umo mukadzi wechidiki aisazopihwa sarudzo dzakasangana naRusher.
โVanhu Vane Ngoziโ
Kana watarisana nehuwandu hwekuti zvirango zvisina kuenzana zvinoiswa sei muUnited States, kana nehumbowo hwenhoroondo yekuti mapurisa nekusungwa kwagara kwakavakirwa mukupokana-vatema, Native erasure uye kuchengetedza pfuma, vazhinji vanosiya vanoshora hurongwa uye vanobvuma kuti shanduko. yakanonoka. Asi kubvumidzwa kwakadaro kunowanzo kuteverwa nekusimbirira kuti isu hatigone kungodzura sisitimu, nekuti isu hatina yakakwenenzverwa, yakasarudzika, yakaumbwa zvizere mhinduro dzekugadzirisa njodzi dzevamwe vanhu, vanowanzoonekwa se "zvikara," zvinogona kuunza kunharaunda dzedu. Asi pfungwa ye "zvikara" uye "vanhu vane njodzi" inoomeswa nemamiriro ezvinhu anotevedzwa nenharaunda yedu - mamiriro emagariro nehupfumi atinoziva kuti anounza utsotsi uye kupererwa. Nharaunda dzine zvidikanwi zvinozadzikiswa hadzina kuzara nemhosva dzekupererwa nezano, nepo nharaunda dziri kunetseka dziri; uye vanhu vanobva munharaunda dzakaparwa mhosva zvakanyanya nehurongwa hwedu hwerusaruraganda vane mukana wakakura wekupinzwa mu carceral system.
Vezvematongerwo enyika vanogara vachinyepedzera kusaziva nezvemafambiro aya, vachipa "zvakaoma-pa-kuparwa" hurongwa huchasimudzira mitongo yejeri uye kuwedzera pombi yechikoro kuenda kujeri semhinduro kumatambudziko anokonzerwa nenharaunda. Nokuti kana vezvematongerwo enyika vakabvuma kuti kukuvadzwa kweutsotsi kwakawanda kwakabva mukusaenzana munzanga uye mune zvoupfumi, vaizotarisirwa kugadzirisa kusaenzana ikoko, uko vakawanda vanoramba kuita. MuUnited States, mabasa ezvematongerwo enyika evakuru vakasarudzwa anotsigirwa zvakanyanya neavo vanobatsirwa zvakananga nekusaenzana kwenharaunda yedu, uye avo vanopa mari vangangosiya vabati vavo vemhuka kana vakatsvaga chero chinhu chakafanana nehutongi hwehupfumi.
Iyo carceral system yagara ichishandisa sensationalized kesi uye fungidziro yekukuvadza kusingafungidzirwe kugadzira nzira nyowani dzekurasa. Matanho iwayo ndiwo anodyisa miviri kune hupfumi hwemugomba renzara isu tichikanganiswa nekutya kwedu kwe "vanhu vakaipa" uye zvavangaite kana zvisipo. Ehe, hurongwa husingambogadzirise "nei" seri kwekukuvara haatombove nekukuvadza kwacho. Matanga anovharira vanhu, kwete mamiriro akaita kuti vakuvadze kana pfungwa dzinoita kuti mhirizhonga ienderere mberi. Asi, nokuda kwechimwe chikonzero, kunyange vanhu vanonyatsoziva mafambisirwo ehurongwa vanowanzotenda kuti โMutemo neKurongekaโ nguva dzinobvira, apo, kwechinguvana, chimbo chechisimba chehurumende chinogona kuitwa chakanaka.
Kana isu tikatarisa kupfuura sensationalism yemisoro mikuru, uye tikaongorora mafambiro chaiwo ekusungwa kwevazhinji, zvinova zvisingaite kupembedza maonero aya. Nepo vamwe vachiti vanoda shanduko, nhare dzakadai dzinofuratira chokwadi chekuti nzvimbo yakavakirwa mukutsigisa vanhu, kuburikidza nekurwadziswa uye kunyimwa rusununguko rwavo, haigone kuitwa yakanaka. Pfungwa dzekushandisa mapurisa, chirango, uye jeri hazvina kuratidza kugadzirisa hurongwa hwemhirizhonga. Mumamiriro ezvinhu aya ndipo patinopokana kuti kubviswa kwejeri reindasitiri inzvimbo yezvematongerwo enyika inowanika kwatiri. Nekuti deconstruction yeAmerican system yekusungwa kwevanhu vakawanda inogoneka, uye yave nguva.
Shanduko yakaita sei?
Murondedzero yavo inoti โYunivhesiti uye Undercommons,โ vanyori nenyanzvi Fred Moten naStefano Harney vanosimbisa chikonzero nei kugumisa kuchikosha segadziriro yezvamatongerwe enyika uye nzira yokuronga: โChii chiri, sokunge zvakadaro, chinangwa chokugumisa? Kwete zvikuru kubviswa kwemajeri asi kubviswa kwenzanga yaigona kuva nemajeri, inogona kuva neuranda, yaigona kuva nomubayiro, uye naizvozvo kwete kubviswa sokubviswa kwechinhu chipi nechipi kunze kwekupedzwa sokutanga nzanga itsva.โ
Chiratidzo chedu che2018 inyika yekufungidzira kusingadzoreki. Pakubata nehurongwa hudzvanyiriri, kutsoropodza kuvimbika kunosuwisa, kunotorwa muvanhu vane pfungwa dzingangovhura masuo matsva, kuita zvinodiwa zvitsva uye kuunza pfungwa dzekuti nyika iri nani ingaratidzika sei. Mibvunzo yakadai, "ko nezve vanhu vane ngozi chaizvo?" haisi mibvunzo iyo mumiriri wetirongo anofanira kupindura kuitira kuti asimbise kuti jeri indasitiri yeindasitiri igadziriswe. Iyi mibvunzo yatinofanira kupindura pamwe chete, kunyangwe isu tichinetsa iyo pfungwa ye "ngozi." Kusakwanisa kupa yakanyatsorongedzwa uye inogayiwa nyore mhinduro haidzivise kupa kutsoropodza kana kuongororwa kwehuipi hwehurongwa hwedu hwazvino.
Isu tinorarama munharaunda iyo yakavharirwa mune yenhema pfungwa yekusadzivirika. Yave nguva yekutarisa zvakanyanya kuti hurongwa uhu hwakavapo sei, ndiani anowana purofiti, mashandiro ainoita, uye nei - uye yave nguva yekufungidzira kuti zvingaite sei kuona kururamisira kuchiitwa pasina kuvimba nekuranga uye kushata kwe carceral system. Semunyori uye mudzidzisi Erica Meiners inoratidza: โKusunungurwa mukudzvinyirirwa hakufungikine nemagadzirirwo.โ Yave nguva yekuputsika kwejeri rekufungidzira kuitira kuti zvisingaite zviitike.
Kelly Hayes ndiye Truthout's social media maneja, pamwe nemunyori anopa. Iye zvakare akananga chiito mudzidzisi uye mubatsiri weThe Chicago Light Brigade uye yakananga chiitiko chakaunganidzwa Lifted Voices. Kubatsira kwaKelly kuTruthout's anthology Unoshumira Ndiani, Unodzivirira Ndiani? kunobva pabasa rake semurongi uye ongororo yake inoenderera mberi yemafambiro muUnited States. Basa rake rinogona kuwanikwawo pablog rake, Transformative Spaces, muHongu! Magazini, BGD uye BGD anthology Iyo Solidarity Kurwira: Mabudiro Anoita Vanhu Vemavara uye Kutadza Kuratidzira Kune Mumwe Nomumwe Mukurwira Rusununguko.. Kelly zvakare mutori wemifananidzo wekufamba ane basa rake rinoratidzwa mu "Rusununguko uye Kupokana" kuratidzwa kweDuSable Museum yeAfrican American History.
Mariame Kaba murongi, mudzidzisi, uye munyori anogara muChicago. Basa rake rakanangana nekupedza mhirizhonga, kuputsa jeri reindasitiri, uye kutsigira hutungamiriri hwevechidiki. Ndiye muvambi uye mutungamiriri weProjekti NIA, sangano repasi rose rine chinangwa chekupedza kusungwa kwevechidiki.
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
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