Mutungamiri Obama ndiye "Munhu Wegore" wemagazini yeTime - mutungamiri wekutanga weDemocratic kugamuchira mavhoti maviri akateedzana ane mukurumbira kubvira Franklin Delano Roosevelt. Asi idzi inguva dzakaoma kune vanofambira mberi. Zvese zvinofambira mberi zvakarwira zviri kuita kunge zviri padanho rekucheka munyika, uye mumatunhu mazhinji nemaguta. Zvirongwa zviri kutemwa; midziyo yeruzhinji iri kutengeswa; vadzidzisi vechikoro vari kurasikirwa nemabasa; masangano ari kurwiswa; penjeni uye mabhenefiti ehutano ari kuderedzwa - kunyangwe Social Security iri kupikiswa.
Progressives, muchidimbu, inoramba ichidzivirira.
Hapana angaramba kuti kudzivirira kwakakosha. Asi kunyangwe nhamburiko dzose dzinofanira kuitwa kuti dzibate mutsara, sei, chaizvoizvo, zvingave zvichibvira kuwanazve danho rezvamatongerwe enyika?
Nhoroondo inopa zano rimwechete rine simba - iro rinotanga nekujekesa nezve chekibhodhi yesimba, uye nemikana yayo.
Washington inogona kunge yakamira. Asi Washington haisiriyo yega nzvimbo pane yezvematongerwo enyika checkerboard. The American system of federalism inobvumira hurongwa hwezvematongerwo enyika hunogona kutora mhosva kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvikero nenzvimbo, uye zvematongerwo enyika zvinosanganisira nzvimbo dzakawanda dzakasiyana pabhodhi. Vamwe vakavharirwa parizvino, asi vamwe vanogona kuvhurika kuita chimwe chinhu chinonakidza. Iyo yakakomba yechekibhodhi zano inogona zvakare kuvhura nzira kune nyika mhinduro zvakare.
Guta-ne-guta rakatsiga, nyika-ne-nyika Progressive Era kuvaka kune nyika yevakadzi suffrage inopa mumwe unozivikanwa muenzaniso wechekibhodhi inogumbura. Imwe yaisanganisira nyika-ne-nyika kuvakwa kwebasa nemirairo yekuchengetedza isati yaitwa New Deal. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, nzvimbo dzakawanda pachekibhodhi dzakaratidza kuti kufambira mberi kunogona kuitwa sei panyaya dzemagariro, square by square, nekufamba kwenguva, kunyangwe munguva inochengetedza.
Gore ra2004 risati rasvika, semuenzaniso, hapana nyika munyika yaibvumidza kuroorana kwengochani. Nhasi, asingasviki makore gumi gare gare, kuroorana kwengochani kuri pamutemo mumatunhu mapfumbamwe uye District of Columbia. Pamusoro pazvo, maonero eruzhinji ari kuchinja zvishoma nezvishoma achitsigira kodzero dzakaenzana kune varume nevakadzi. Nhanho-ne-nhanho, kumwe kufambira mberi hakuna chokwadi.
Zvimwechetezvo, nekunetswa nemhedzisiro yehondo yezvinodhaka yakakundikana, ruzhinji rwevanhu vekuAmerica vava kufarira kunyoreswa pamutemo kana kuremerwa kwembanje - uye nyika mbiri dziri pachekiboard, Colorado neWashington, nguva pfupi yadarika yakavhota vachitsigira kunyoreswa zviri pamutemo. (Vakawanda vakatobvumidza kushandiswa kwembanje yekurapa).
Pamwe chete nekubudirira kunoonekwa zvakanyanya panyaya dzezvemagariro evanhu, pazasi pepamusoro pekuziva kweveruzhinji kufambira mberi kwakakosha kwehupfumi nemasangano kwagara kuchiitwa mumaguta nematunhu ari munzvimbo dzakasiyana mubhodhi. Kunyange zvazvo pepanhau renyika riri kuramba richiwanda risinganyanyi kutaura nyaya dzematunhu nedzenzvimbo, kufambira mberi kwacho kunosanganisira mitemo isingatarisirwi inofambira mberi mukutsigira macooperatives nemafemu evashandi, kusimudzira minda yeveruzhinji nevavakidzani, simba reveruzhinji uye kufambiswa kweinternet, nzira itsva dzekusimbaradza nharaunda. uye kunyange makambani ehurumende, kusanganisira zvipatara zvehurumende.
Mitemo yakawanda yekuwedzera inoshanda munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana dzenyika zvakare inogona kushandurudzwa kune inofambira mberi uye kuwedzerwa nekufamba kwenguva - kana paine hurongwa hwakajeka hwekuda kuzviita (uye kushanda nesimba kwakawanda). Pakati pezvimwe, izvi zvinosanganisira: nzira dzekudyara dzemakanzuru, mari yekudyara mari yehurumende, kudyara kwepenjeni neretirement homwe, kufambisa-mari yako uye kutamisa kubhengi, mihoro yeminda nezvicherwa kuti ibatsire veruzhinji uye kuedza kwekanzuru methane-capture. Pamwero mukuru, kuedza kwemabhanga eruzhinji kwakafanana neBhangi reNorth Dakota uye shanduko yehutano inofambira mberi yakafanana neiyo ichangobva kugamuchirwa muVermont iri kuteverwa mumatunhu mazhinji.
Chiri kushamisa pamusoro pehutsva hutsva hwemikana ndeyekuti vazhinji vanounzawo pfungwa yekutonga hupfumi hwegutsaruzhinji muhuchokwadi hunoshanda uye hwezvematongerwo enyika.
Zviripachena pane zvikonzero zvese, chekutanga, kudzidza nezve zviri kuitika pazasi pepamusoro pekutarisa nevezvenhau uye, chechipiri, kuvaka uye zvishoma nezvishoma kuwedzera huwandu hwemakwere pachekiboard ayo akavhurirwa kuwedzera. Chinangwa hachifanirwe kunge chiri chekubatsira vanhu munharaunda dzakanangana nematunhu, asi zvakare kuratidza mikana kune vamwe vanoshanda mune mamwe matunhu - uye pamwe chete kutenderedza zvishoma nezvishoma maguta akavharirwa uye nyika zvine musoro sezvavanobhururuka nekutadza. nzira yavo yekurevera nekufamba kwenguva.
Mune mamwe maguta nematunhu sarudzo yakazara yehurongwa inoratidzika kunge iri kuvhurwa - uye pano nyaya ndeyekuti ingaedzwa sei, inonatswa, yozoiswa senzira yakakomba mune rimwe kana mamwe maguta kana, pakupedzisira, pane akati wandei. masikweya pabhodhi - kunyanya sezvo matambudziko ehupfumi uye dambudziko rezvemari rinowedzera.
Nzira yechinyakare yekufambira mberi kwekubhadhara mari yehurumende yagara ichiedza kutarisa mutero kumusoro-soro kusvika pazvinogoneka - zvese senyaya yekuenzanisa uye yezvematongerwo enyika akanaka (kuchengeta vepakati kubva mumutsara wemoto uye kubva mukumbundirana kwezvematongerwo enyika. vanopikisa). Hapana chakaipa neiyi nzira kunze kwekuti zviri pachena kuti haina kukwana - sekuenderera mberi kwekurudyi-bapiro bhajeti chirongwa / muhoro-uye-bhenefiti-kucheka bonanza zvinorwadza zvinoyeuchidza.
Iyo yehungwaru nzira yekubuda mubhokisi, zvine musoro, inzira inokwevera pane inotaridza mashandiro echekibhodhi kuedza kuvaka patsva hupfumi hwenzvimbo (uye mutero wenzvimbo) nenzira dzinoshanda, dzakagadzikana, dzinogovera uye dzinoenderera mberi - uye dzinotorawo mihoro yakawanda. uye purofiti yekushandisa veruzhinji. Zvinoreva imwe nzira yakasiyana yekusimudzira "democratized" - uye hurongwa hwemaitirwo azvo nekufamba kwenguva kuitira kuchengetedza mari yezvikoro zvakakosha uye zvivakwa (senge zvikoro nekufambisa kwevanhu vakawanda), yezvisungo kune vakapfuura nevamangwana vakasiya basa, uye zvezvirongwa zvekuchengetedza zviwanikwa uye kuchengetedza zvakatipoteredza - zvese izvi zvichichengetedza nekuwedzera masevhisi kune avo vanoada zvakanyanya.
Zvizhinji zvinoshanda zvinongedzo zvinogona kuverengerwa mune yakazara checkerboard zano zvinosanganisira:
โข Kushandiswa kweguta, zvikoro, chipatara, yunivhesiti nemamwe masimba ekutenga kubatsira kudzikamisa mabasa, hupfumi hwakasimba, kutsigira mabhizimisi evashandi pamwe nekuva varidzi vemubatanidzwa, kusimbaradza mabhizinesi madiki neari pakati nepakati uye kuvandudza hupfumi hwenyika.
โข Kushandiswa kwematura evhu neveruzhinji (zvekuvakwa kwedzimba pamwe nekusimudzira kutengeserana) kutora purofiti yebudiriro kuti ishandiswe nenharaunda, uye kudzivirira kusimudzira.
โข Kurwisa kwese-kune hutsinye husina musoro uye hunodhura - inenge madhora mabhiriyoni makumi manomwe pagore mubatsiro rehurumende! - kupa zvipo izvo makambani anobvisa kubva kuhurumende dzenzvimbo.
โข Kushandiswa kwenzira dzekubatsira nharaunda - uye kuronga nharaunda, zvichitsigirwawo nemasangano evashandi - kubudirira kwechinyakare asiwo, pazvinogoneka, kusimudzira upfumi hwenzvimbo, kudzikamisa hwaro hwemitero uye kutsigira mabasa eruzhinji.
โข Ongororo yedzimwe nzira dzekuti maguta aite mari kuburikidza nekugadzirisa zvakananga zviwanikwa nekupa masevhisi, nekudaro kubvisa mari uye mitoro yevateresi. Izvi zvinosanganisira kutora hutongi hweveruzhinji pamusoro pezvishandiso (semaguta akaita seJacksonville neLos Angeles anotoita) kuvandudza masevhisi, kuderedza mitengo uye kuchengetedza mari yakawedzerwa; uye kuwedzera mihoro yeguta kuburikidza nevhu rine maguta uye dzimwe nzira dziripo dzinopa mari isiri yemutero.
Zviripachena, hadzisi dzese nzira idzi dzinogona kutorwa panguva imwe chete. Uye dzinogona kunge dzichishanda pakutanga chete pamakwereti chaiwo pachekibhodhi. Nekune rimwe divi, maitiro anoshanda echinhu chimwe nechimwe mumusanganiswa ave kushanda muguta rimwe chete kana akawanda kana nyika - uye chokwadi chakajeka ndechekuti nguva dziri kuramba dzichiwedzera kuipa mumakore anotevera.
Sezvo matambudziko nemarwadzo padanho renzvimbo nedunhu zvichiwedzera, pane imwe nguva mamwe masikweya pachekibhodhi ane chokwadi chekuvhura. Uye, senguva dzose, zvinotora mumwe munhu chaivo kana boka revanhu kubata matomu, kuseta mavhiri mukufamba uye kupenengura switch kuti ivheneke iyo sikweya nenzira nyowani yekumberi.
Zvinokosha zvakaenzana - sezvakaitika kare-kare-kare yekurwira kuvhota kwevakadzi, nhoroondo refu ichiri kusimukira yeNew Deal, uye iko zvino shanduko yepasi-ne-nyika iri kusimukira ine chekuita newanano yevarume nevakadzi nembanje zvese zvinoratidzira - the pre-nhoroondo yeshanduko huru yenyika yose asi ine chokwadi chekuvandudzwa kuburikidza nekuedza kwakadaro mumarabhoritari emunharaunda neematunhu munzvimbo dzakasiyana pacheki.
Uye fungidziro yehutongi hwegutsaruzhinji kuburikidza nekuedza kwakadaro - panguva iyo vanhu vanongosvika mazana mana vane hupfumi hwakawanda kupfuura vepasi 400 miriyoni vekuAmerica vakatorwa pamwechete - ingangove yakakosha mune zvematongerwo enyika mukuwedzera kwenhamba sezvo matambudziko emagariro nehupfumi achiwedzera. .
Kune vanofambira mberi vakakuvadzwa nehondo dzemwedzi ichangopfuura nemakore, kutarisa kunotonhorera kune mamwe mikana pachekibhodhi kunopa imwe nzira yekufunga nezve shanduko. Matambudziko ekudzivirira anofanira kuenderera mberi. Asi kufambira mberi kunowanikwa pabhodhi, uye nguva nemarwadzo zviri padivi rehurongwa hwakakomba.
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
dhoneta