Musi waOctober 30, 2015 New York Times yakaburitsa chinyorwa chakadzama pamusoro pechirwere cheheroin, chakanangana neNew Hampshire, iyo yakaona kuwedzera kukuru kwenzufu kubva mukuwedzeredza zvinodhaka (74 muzana) muUS pakati pa2013 na2014. Manchester, guta guru reNew Hampshire, rine vanhu zviuru zana negumi negumi. . Munguva imwe chete yemaawa matanhatu, mapurisa eManchester akadavidza ku110,000 kwakasiyana heroin kuwandisa uye akaona vanhu vanopfuura 6 vakawandisa uye vanopfuura makumi matanhatu vakafa pakati paNdira 6 naGunyana 500, 60.
Pakumira kwemutungamiri wenyika mudunhu rese, vamiriri vakamanikidzwa kupindura dambudziko apo vagari vemuNew Hampshire vakada mhinduro. Hillary ane $ 10 bhiriyoni chirongwa chekudzivirira uye kurapwa kwekushungurudzwa; Chris Christie anofarira kurapwa kune nguva yejeri kune vekutanga vatadzi.
Muna Nyamavhuvhu, Obama akazivisa chirongwa chemamiriyoni mashanu emadhora kurwisa kupindwa muropa neheroin uye kutengesa. New Hampshire yakadoma mambo wemushonga. Senator Ayotte (R-NH) anoti "Tinofanira kuderedza kushorwa." Narcan, mushonga weopiate uyo wakaitwa kuti uwanikwe munzvimbo dzakawanda, unobvumwa kuti ibhendi-yamuro. Inoponesa hupenyu kubva kune yakanyanya kuwandisa, asi haiite chero chinhu kumisa kushungurudza.
Mhinduro dziri kutaurwa nevezvematongerwo enyika nevezvenhau dzinosanganisira: kushanda pamwe chete, mapurisa, vagari, uye nzvimbo dzehutano-kunyangwe izvo zvisingazivikanwe - kudzidzisa nekudzikisa rusarura rwekushandisa heroin - ikozvino vashandisi vachena uye vepakati veboka isu. inogona kutumidzazve kupindwa muropa chirwere, kwete mhosva-kuwedzera nzvimbo dzekurapa; nemamwe mapurisa.
Ini ndinodaidza iyi salutary, asi inopotsa zvachose chiratidzo. Rufu rwekuwedzeredza uye vashandisi veheroin vari panguva yese yakakwirira muUnited States. Pakati pe2 ne9 pazviuru zvevanhu vekuAmerica (0.2-0.9 muzana yehuwandu) parizvino vari kushandisa heroin. MuMaine, 8 muzana yevana vanozvarwa "vakabatwa nezvinodhaka" -kusimuka kubva pavacheche 178 muna 2006 kusvika pavana 995 mumari ya2015.
Zvisinei nezvamakanzwa, chikonzero chechirwere chedu chazvino che heroin hachisi nyore sezvakaita vanachiremba vanonyanya kutsanangura zvinodhaka. Nepo kuwandisa kweheroin kwakakwira kubva pa1.0 pa100,000 muna 2010 kuenda pa3.4 pa100,000 muna 2014, nhamba yemishonga yakatemerwa yakaramba yakasimba panguva imwe cheteyo. Gwaro reUN ra2015 rakataura kuti "Ongororo yemhuri ichangobva kuitika [yehurumende yeUS] muUnited States yakaratidza kuti pakanga paine kuderera kukuru kwekushandiswa zvisizvo kwemaopioid kubva muna 2012 kusvika 2013." Sekureva kweCDC, "vakaratidza zvakarongwa kufa kwese kweapioid inoderedza marwadzo (echisikigo uye semisynthetic opioid, methadone, uye mamwe maopioid ekugadzira) se'prescription' opioid overdoses." Izvi zvinoreva kuti mishonga inogadzirwa zvisiri pamutemo muzvikamu izvi iri kudomwa semishonga, asi kwete. Chimwe chinovhiringidza ndechekuti heroin inogadzika ku morphine, inova mushonga wemishonga. Saka kana yakanyatsogadziriswa panguva yekuongororwa kweautopsy, kufa nekuda kweheroin kunozoonekwa sekuda kwekunyorerwa narcotic. Chikonzero chechokwadi chechirwere cheheroin chazvino hukuru hwemafashamo eheroin muUS, kupfuura izvo zvinogona kutengeswa mumaguta edu makuru, uye iko zvino kuwana nzira yayo mudiki diki tudiki. Heino dambudziko neiyo Nguva uye mhinduro dzevezvematongerwo enyika: 50 nyika dzakazvimiririra uye zviuru zvemataundi nemisha hazvigone kubata, kudzidzisa, kukurudzira, kuongorora, kana kuisa mujeri nzira yavo yekubuda muheroin maelstrom. Hapana pedyo nemapurisa akakwana, vashandi vemagariro evanhu, majeri, nzvimbo dzokurapisa, kana kuti mari. Narcan uye tsono dzakachena hadziteme masitadhi. Imwe mhinduro inogoneka ndeyekumisa kupihwa. Mune yangu yaSeptember 7 blog post, ndakaratidza kuti 96 muzana yeUS heroin haibvi kuMexico neColombia, sezvakataurwa nehurumende yeUS. Kugadzirwa kweMexico neColombia hakuna kukwana kupa kunyange hafu yemusika weUS.
Canada inoziva kunobva heroin yayo: โMaererano neRoyal Canadian Mounted Police National Intelligence Coordination Center, pakati pa2009 na2012 inenge 90 muzana yeheroin yakabatwa muCanada yakabva kuAfghanistan. Kana munhu achida kupinda mumasora panyaya iyi, 2014 RAND report ine musoro unoti, โZvinoshandiswa neVashandisi veAmerica paMishonga Isiri Yapamutemo: 2000-2010,โ inzvimbo yakanaka yekutanga. Chirevo ichi, chakaitwa pasi pechibvumirano cheDHHS uye chakaburitswa neWhite House, chinotarisa dhatabhesi dzakawanda uye chinozivisa matambudziko mazhinji ane fungidziro yeheroin nyika-yekutanga. Zvinoratidza kuti nepo Colombian opium yainzi yaipa zvikamu makumi mashanu kubva muzana zvemusika wekuUS heroin pakati pa50 na2001, kugadzirwa kweColombia kwakadzikira kubva pamatani gumi nerimwe pagore muna 2010 kuenda kumatani maviri chete muna 11. Uyezve, fungidziro yehurumende yeUS yegore ra2001- 2 makore gumi ekugadzirwa kweMexico aivimba nemwaka wekukura we2009 pagore, asi zvakazoitika kuti kwaingova ne2000. RAND inobvuma kuti fungidziro dzekugadzirwa kweMexico dzakawedzera. Uyezve, nhoroondo yeMexico yakagadzira yakaderera mhando, "black tar" heroin, nepo kuwanda kweheroin kuUS kwave kwemhando yepamusoro yehupfu chena. Zvichakadaro, maererano neRAND, โmumakore achangopfuura, hapana kumbotorwa [heroin] kana kutenga kubva kuSoutheast Asia [Myanmar, Laos, Thailand] neDEA's Domestic Monitoring Programme.โ Muna 2010, DEA inofungidzira kuti 3 muzana yeheroin yeUnited States yakabva kuSouthwest Asia (kunyanya Afghanistan). Kubva ipapo, kugadzirwa kweAfghan opium kwakapetwa katatu.
Asi mumakore 1994 kusvika 2010 chete 1-6 muzana yeheroin yekuUS yaive nekwakadziva kumadokero kweAsia, maererano neDEA's Domestic Monitoring Program. Zvakadaro kugadzirwa kweAfghan kunoverengera makumi mapfumbamwe muzana epasi rose heroin kupa. Zvingave zvakanaka kana tikanongedza kune yakagadziridzwa kurambidzwa kweUS kune kwakabva, kana kupedzwa kwemunda wepoppy kutsanangura izvi zvisina kunaka. Asi hazvina kudaro. Kubatwa kweheroin muAfghanistan kwakadzikira kubva ku90 metric tons muna 27 kusvika pa2010 metric tons muna 8, maererano neUN, nhamba 2013. Chete 41 muzana yeminda yepoppy yakabviswa muna 1.2, zvakare maererano neUN. Hazvirambike: kwave nekukwira kwakanyanya, kwakarongeka kwehuwandu hweheroin inosvika kuUS kubva kuMexico neColombia nehurumende yeUS, pamwe kudzivirira masosi chaiwo eheroin zhinji yekuUS.
Tinoziva kuti tingaitsvaga kupi uye sei: Afghanistan neMyanmar ndidzo dzepasi rose uye nhamba yevagadziri ve2. Nhoroondo, heroin kuenda kuUS inosiya nyika idzi nemhepo. Kune nhamba inogoneka yendege dzinobva kuAfghanistan neMyanmar. Tinogona kuisa vashandi vese vanodiwa munzvimbo, nhasi, kuti vaongorore zvizere ndege dzese. Idi kuti takatarisa kune rimwe divi uye takanongedza munzira isiriyo ndiyo pachayo pfuti inosvuta.