Sezvo vanhu vazhinji vekuAmerica vari kutanga kugovana zvinonetsa masayendisiti pamusoro pekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, zvakazarurwa zvemusika mukuru wemagetsi emabhanga zvinoratidzira danho rakadzika midzi reWall Street muhupfumi hwefossil huri kupisa pasi.
Mune izvo vatsoropodzi vari kudaidza Enron 2.0, JP Morgan Chase ari kutarisana nefaindi yakanzi inosvika mazana mashanu emamiriyoni emadhora kubva kuFederal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) yekunyengedza misika yemagetsi muCalifornia neMichigan-Chase akawana kuurayiwa kwezvimera zvemagetsi kubva kuBear. Stearns apo kambani yakanyura mumusika we500 wakanyungudika.
Nekumanikidzwa kukohwa zvakakosha, bhanga rakazotora mukana weiyo loophole mumisika yemagetsi, kubiridzira vateresi uye kuwedzera mari yemagetsi. Hezvino mashandiro azvakaita: Chekutanga, vatengesi vebhanga vaizopa mabheji emagetsi akaderera kune vafambisi vegridi zuva risati rasvika. Pazuva re, vatengesi vakakwidza mutengo kuitira kuti vashandi vatore bhizinesi ravo kune imwe nzvimbo. Zvadaro, kutora mukana weunonzi "make-whole" mutemo, waireva kuchengetedza vatengi kubva mukusagadzikana kwemusika, nyika dzakavhara mutengo wekushandisa zvirimwa, kunyangwe Chase akatengesa vasina magetsi.
Pakati paGunyana 2010 naChikumi 2011, FERC inopomera bhanga kuti bhanga rakaburitsa $83 miriyoni mukubhadhara kwekunze kwakashandura mumabhiri epamusoro ekushandisa kumamiriyoni evatengi. "Ndiwo mumwe muenzaniso wekuti chikamu chemari chakabatana sei nechikamu chemagetsi," akadaro Amanda Starbuck neRainforest Action Network. "Mabhangi ari kuita bhizinesi iri nekuti pane mari inofanirwa kuitwa."
Kuitira kusvina mari kubva muzvirimwa zvekare zvavakanga vawana, Chase akaronga izvo zvinotsanangurwa neFERC se "systemic cover-up," vachishandura mapeji avo ekuviga purofiti inogadzirwa. Blythe Masters, mukuru webhanga reGlobal Commodities division uye muvambi weChikwereti Default Swaps - zvakaoma zviridzwa zvemari zvakabatsira kukonzeresa kuparara kweWall Street muna 2008 - akatora chikamu.
Kunyangwe kurambwa pasi pemhiko kune vanodzora, FERC inoti Masters aive neruzivo rwakakwana nezvechirongwa ichi uye akatsvaga kumisa kubvunza kwavo nekupa "zvizhinji zvezvirevo zvenhema uye zvinotsausa uye kusiiwa kwezvinhu" kune vaongorori. Mune imwe nguva, FERC inoti Masters akaraira gwaro remubhangi remukati raipokana nemutemo wedanho rekubhidha rishandurwe kuti, "JP Morgan haatendi kuti yakatyora mitemo yeFERC."
FERC, munhaurirano naChase, iri kutsvaga mutongo wemadhora mazana mashanu kubva kubhanga. Sangano rakapa faindi yehukuru hwakafanana neBarclays nekuda kwekuita racket yakafanana mumusika wemagetsi weCalifornia kubva 500 kusvika 2006. Barclays, zvisinei, yakaramba kubhadhara uye yakaendesa vatongi kumatare. Kunyangwe hazvo FERC yakambotsvaga kuti Masters nevamwe vakuru veChase vapihwe mhosva, sezvo sangano iri rakapinda munhaurirano dzekugadzirisana nebhanga rakasiya zvichemo izvi. Parizvino mukati memaradhi evanotonga, Chase inoratidzika kunge iri kutengesa masheya emagetsi emagetsi, asi inoramba yakabatirira kune mashoma, kusanganisira marasha manomwe uye zvitanhatu zvegasi.
Kubatanidzwa kweWall Street muchikamu chesimba hachisi chinhu chitsva. Starbuck inoti Bank of America, Citigroup, uye Chase vakakwereta imwe mabhiriyoni masere emadhora kuUS marasha indasitiri muna 8 chete. Asi, mune zvinoita sekuchinja kwegungwa kune vakawanda, mabhanga akabva pakungopa mari kuchikamu chemagetsi kusvika pakuva vagadziri nevanogovera mumisika iyoyo.
Dziviriro dzemutemo dzakagara dziripo, zvisinei-dzose dzichidzokera kuNational Bank Act ye1863-kudzivisa mabhanga ezvokutengeserana kuti atore zvinhu zvisiri zvemari uye kurambidza mabhanga kuwana simba rakawanda kudarika ravanazvo. Sokunyora kwakaita Saule Omarova, purofesa wezvemitemo paUniversity of North Carolina Chapel Hill, kuti: โApo masangano mamwe chetewo emabhangi anodzora kuwana mari nechikwereti achidzorawo kuwana zvinhu zvakadai sezvinhu zvinogadzirwa munyika yose sezvinhu zvinogadzirwa nesimba, anenge ari pachinzvimbo. kushandisa udzori husingaenzaniswi paupfumi hwoseโuye nokuwedzera, gadziriro yezvamatongerwe enyika.โ
Mumushumo mutsva, Omarova anodonongodza izvo zvinoita kuti zviitwe zvishoma nezvishoma, kubva kunguva yeReagan, umo vamiriri vemitemo vakasiya zvishoma nezvishoma mitemo inochengeta bhanga nekutengeserana zvakaparadzana. Mabhanga angave akasiya mirau yekuvachengeta kunze kwemisika yezvigadzirwa zvepanyama kana kuti vave vashandi mumisika iyoyo pasina nzira yepamutemo yavakatorwa kwavari.
Noโkufambisa mumisika yemafuta, gorosi, donje, kofi, nezvimwe,โ yakashuma kudaro New York Times munguva pfupi yapfuura, mabhanga makuru-ku-kutadza-kutadza akaita saJP Morgan, Goldman Sachs, uye Morgan Stanley vakawana mabhiriyoni epurofiti โapo vachimanikidza vatengi kubhadhara yakawanda pese pavanozadza tangi repeturu, kubaya-baya switch yemwenje, kuvhura doro. kana kutenga serura.โ Kuburikidza ne "kudzora matura, mapaipi uye zviteshi, mabhangi anowana hungwaru hwemusika," the Times zvinyorwa, izvo "zvinogona kuvapa mukana kana vachitengesa zvinhu."
Nguva pfupi yadarika, Senator Sharrod Brown (D-OH) akatanga kutungamira musangano weCongress mukugadzirisa kweWall Street misika yezvinhu. Pasi peiyo theatre yezvematongerwo enyika paCapitol Hill, zvisinei, mubvunzo wakakura wekubatanidzwa kwebazi rezvemari mufossil mafuta emagetsi uye anowirirana zvivakwa.
Kuwedzera kuseka kunyomba, JP Morgan arikubatanidzwawo mumisika yekuCalifornia carbon offsetting. Nzira dzekutengesa dzakadai hadzina kuita zvishoma kumisa kuburitswa uye, kana paine, Enron 2.0 inoratidza kuti mabhanga akavharirwa aita sei nemaindasitiri ezvekuwedzera - kwete kungopa mari kubva kuzvikwereti, asi kuzvimhanyisa.
Sezvineiwo, madhiri ekuchinjanisa kiredhiti madhiri ayo mazana emakanzuru munyika yose akapinda mazviri neWall Street, zvakakonzera kukwira kwakanaka uye kuderedzwa kwesevhisi kune zvifambiso zvevoruzhinji izvo zvinobvumira kufamba-kwakaderera. MuNew York City, ingangoita gumi nematanhatu muzana yemetro kadhi yega yega swipe inoenda kuWall Street, maererano neongororo kubva kuUnited NY, nharaunda uye mubatanidzwa mubatanidzwa. New Yorkers vakaona kukwira kwemari kweanopfuura makumi matatu muzana kubva 16 kubhadhara mutengo.
Muhurukuro huru yemitemo mwedzi wapera Mutungamiri Obama akavimbisa kuita zvakawanda kugadzirisa kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze. โBhora iroro rebhuruu rakajeka richikwira pamusoro pemwedzi,โ Obama akaudza vateereri vepaGeorgetown University, rine โchinhu chiri chose chatinokoshesaโkuseka kwevana, kunyura kwezuva kwakanyarara, tariro dzose nezviroto zvevazukuruโndizvo zviri mungozi.โ Zvikonzero zvekusaita basa, sekureva kweMutungamiriri, zvinoratidza "kushomeka kwekutenda mubhizinesi reAmerica nehungwaru hweAmerica."
Hurukuro iyi inouya pakati pekukura kuri kuita mamiriro ekunze ayo akamanikidza mutungamiri wenyika kuti atore matanho akasimba, uye zvichitevera mushumo wakabva kuNational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration wekuti huwandu hwecarbon dioxide mumhepo hwapfuura zvikamu mazana mana pamiriyoni imwe neimwe, zvichikwira kuenda kune mamiriro ekunze. masayendisiti anoyambira kuti inogona kunge iri dambudziko rinopinza nyika munguva yemamiriro ekunze akaipisisa uye kusagadzikana. CO2 kuwanda kwacho kwave kusati kwave kumatanho akadaro mumakore anopfuura mamirioni matatu.
Vaya vafadzwa nemamiriro ekunze ePresident vanogona kuita zvakanaka kufunga musiyano uripo pakati pekutaura kwaObama kuri kuwedzera nezviito zvake. Vakavimbisawo kuti vachatevera avo vakakonzera kuparara kwemari pavakasarudzwa kekutanga. Kubva ipapo, spool of scandals yakabuda muWall Street uye hapana kana mukuru mumwe chete kubva kubhanga hombe akaiswa mumabhawa.
"Wall Street ine zvakawanda zvekuita kuti ivakezve mukurumbira wayo mumaziso eruzhinji," inodaro Starbuck. โMazhinji emakambani aya anofunga kuti ari pamusoro pemutemo. Imwe nzira yavanogona kudzorera nayo kuvimbana ndeyekuita chisungo chekushandisa mari yavo nesimba rezvemari kumapurojekiti nemakambani nezvikamu zvinochenesa nharaunda nekubatsira kuvakazve nharaunda mushure medambudziko remari. "
Sezvazvakamira izvozvi, zvakadaro, kune mari yakawandisa iri panjodzi yeWall Street kuti ibude mumutambo wemafuta. Chero kufamba kubva pazasi kuita chiito pamusoro pekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze kuchafanirwa kutarisana nehurongwa hwehupfumi hunotongwa nemabhanga ane chishuwo chekufarira mafuta efossil. Nhamba huru dzepasi chete dzinogona kukwikwidza kurudziro yemadhora akanyudzwa nemafuta eWall Street.
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Peter Rugh munyori uye muratidziri anogara muBrooklyn, NY. Ichi chinyorwa chakatanga kuiswa paOccupy.com.