Makore maviri mushure mekunge Gavhuna weWisconsin, Scott Walker asaina Mutemo une gakava weIron Mining wakagadzirirwa kukurumidze kubvumidza mugodhi wesimbi wakavhurika muPenokee Hills pamusoro peLake Superior, Gogebic Taconite (GTac), mutungamiri Bill Williams akadhonza plug pamugodhi nekuti purojekiti yanga isingagoneki. Vakataura nezvemanyoro anga asingatarisirwe ari panzvimbo yemugodhi uyu uye kusava nechokwadi pamusoro pekuti US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) ingapikisa chirongwa chemugodhi wekambani iyi, sezvakataurwa neEPA panyaya yemugodhi wegoridhe nemhangura wekuAlaska kuAlaska. EPA yakataura kuti mugodhi wangu waizokuvadza zvisingagadzirisiki kune imwe yenzvimbo dzekupedzisira dzesalmon dzepasi rose dzeBristol Bay, Alaska. Nekudaro, mutongi wedare akambomisa chero chiito cheEPA achimirira imwe nharo yepamutemo (ona "Militarized Mining muWisconsin," Z Magazine, Gumiguru 2013).
Marudzi matanhatu eWisconsin Ojibwe, achitungamirwa nebhendi reBad River, akakumbira EPA kuti iite wongororo yakazvimiririra yezvakakanganisa nharaunda yemugodhi weGTac wakarongwa pamusoro pekodzero nedziviriro dzechibvumirano chirongwa ichi chisati chaongororwa nevatongi vehurumende neUS Army Corps. zveEngineers. Asi EPA yakataura pachena kuti haisi kuzotora danho pachirongwa cheGTac sezvayakanga yaita panyaya yemugodhi wePebble ("EPA inokakavadzana nekutya kwaGogebic pamusoro pemugodhi wangu," Milwaukee Journal Sentinel 3/7/2015).
Sezvo kuramba mapurojekiti ezvicherwa zvinoparadza nharaunda kuchipararira kumiganhu yezviwanikwa zvepasi rose, makambani emigodhi epasi rose anoenda kureba kuti agadzire nganonyorwa inofuratira kana kuderedza kushanda kwekupokana nemukurumbira kumapurojekiti ezviwanikwa. Vanoda kupa mhosva mitengo yesimbi yakaora mwoyo, matambudziko asingatarisirwe ehunyanzvi kana vatongi vane hunyanzvi pane kubvuma basa revanopikisa vakarongeka mukumisa mapurojekiti emigodhi.
Zvisinei, tsvakurudzo ichangobva kuitwa kubva kuHarvard Kennedy Schoolโs Corporate Social Responsibility Initiative neSustainable Minerals Institute paYunivhesiti yeQueensland muAustralia inopikisa โpfungwa isina kururama yakakurumbira yokuti nzanga dzomunzvimbomo hadzina simba mukutarisana nemakambani makuru nehurumende,โ anodaro mumwe muongorori anotungamirira Daniel Franks. "Zvatinowana zvinoratidza kuti kuunganidza nharaunda kunogona kushanda zvakanyanya pakukwidza mari kumakambani" (Costs of Company-Community Conflict in the Extractive Sector, Report No. 66, 2014). Chidzidzo ichi chakaongorora mapurojekiti makuru makumi mashanu akarongwa ekuchera kubva mumatsime emafuta kuenda kumapurojekiti emigodhi. Zvikonzero zvinonyanya kukonzeresa kukakavara kwaive kukanganisa kwekusvibisa kana kutadza kuwana mvumo yenharaunda yepurojekiti. "Inenge hafu yenyaya idzi dzaisanganisira kuvharirwa, nepo chetatu chaisanganisira kuuraya kana kukuvara, kukuvadzwa kwezvinhu, kana kumiswa kana kusiiwa kweprojekiti - imwe njodzi mukugoneka uye matanho ekuvaka."
Makambani emigodhi neoiri haawanzo ratidza kana kunzwisisa huwandu hwakazara hwemitengo nenharaunda dzenzvimbo. โSomuenzaniso,โ anodaro Franks, โsomugumisiro wekunetsana, chirongwa chikuru chemugodhi chepasi rose chine mari iri pakati pemadhora 3 nemabhiriyoni mashanu emadhora chakashumwa kuti chakatambura mari inosvika mamiriyoni makumi maviri emadhora pavhiki nokunonoka kubudiswa muzvinhu zvinokosha zvazvino. โ Nepo zvinokonzeresa kunetsana kwekambani nenharaunda zviri kuramba zvichifanotaurwa, anodaro Franks, mamwe makambani anoona zvinonetsa munharaunda โsezvingangoita โzvekuwedzeraโ kuzvirongwa zvakakura zvezvirongwa zvinoshanda.โ Izvi ndizvo chaizvo maonerwo akaitwa GTac neWisconsin mine mvumo process.
Chitarisiko Chehuori
Kubva pakutanga kwekuda kufarira kweGTac kuPenokee Hills muna 2010, manejimendi emakambani akafuratira kushushikana kwedzinza nenharaunda pamusoro pemugodhi wainge warongwa uye vakatarisa pamipiro mikuru yemari kuna Gavhuna Walker nevamiriri vakakosha veRepublican apo magweta avo ainyora mutemo waizovimbisa mvumo yemugodhi. .
Mauto aitsigira zvicherwa ange achitsvaga kuti bhiri reMigodhi yesimbi ripasiswe akapa gavhuna nevamiriri veparamende mari inodarika madhora miriyoni gumi nemashanu mumipiro pakati pa15 nepakati pa2010, sekureva kweWisconsin Democracy Campaign. Zvinyorwa zvakangoburitswa mukuferefeta kwaJohn Doe kwaGavhuna Walker zvinoratidza kuti GTac yakapa imwezve $2012 kuWisconsin Club yeKukura, sangano rinotungamirwa nemupi wemazano kumushandirapamwe wagavhuna. "Nemhaka yekuti Wisconsin Club yekutsvagisa mari nekushandisa kwaishandiswa neveScott Walker panguva yekupihwa kwaGogebic, pane kutaridzika kwehuwori tichitarisa mutemo wakazobatsira," akadaro Dean Nickel mugwaro remutemo. Nickel ndiye aimbove mukuru weWisconsin department of Justice's Public Integrity Unit akaferefeta chirongwa chekutsvaga mari yeHurumende Account kugona Board.
Walker anoti anga asingazive nezvechipo ichi kumushandirapamwe wake. Zvakadaro, gavhuna akasangana nevamiriri veGTac kuti vanyore bhiri rekucherwa kwesimbi vachangotanga chigaro muna Ndira 2011. Vamiriri veGTac vakabatikana zvikuru mukugadzira mutauro webhiri idzva remigodhi iro rakabvisa zvirambidzo pakurasira tsvina yemugodhi munzvimbo dzine matoro.
Mukupesana zvikuru nerupo rwemipiro yemushandirapamwe kune vezvematongerwo enyika, GTac yakashatirwa apo Ashland County, uko kune chikamu chemugodhi uripo, yakapasisa chisungo chemigodhi chaizoda kuti GTac ibhadhare kanzuru mari yekubhadhara masayendisiti kuti aongorore. zvidzidzo zvakakura zvezvakatipoteredza izvo kambani inofanirwa kuendesa isati yapihwa mvumo yekuchera migodhi yedunhu. GTac yakapindura chirevo ichi nekutyisidzira kuti ichasiya chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chedhipoziti yakareba mamaira mana pasi. "Takavazivisa kuti chisungo ichi chinoita kuti zvisashande kumbambaira ikoko," akadaro mutauriri weGTac, Bob Seitz ("Gogebic inogona kudzivirira nzvimbo ine utsinye," Wisconsin State Journal 9/5/2014).
"Kuwedzera kusingatarisirwi kwematoro" Yakawanikwa paMine Site
Mutungamiri weGTac Bill Williams paakazivisa kuti aive achivhara hofisi yekambani muHurley, Wisconsin akataura nezvenzvimbo dzakakura dzemvura panzvimbo yemugodhi uye kusaziva kuti mugodhi wacho waizobvumidzwa here. Zvakadaro, maererano neIron Mining Law (2013 Act 1) iyo GTac yakanyora zvakanyanya, hapana vimbiso yakadaro inogoneka kusvika kambani yaita ongororo dzesainzi dzinofanirwa kuona kana mugodhi wataurwa uchazadzikisa zvinodiwa nemutemo. Zvinoshamisa kuti kambani haina kumbotora data kuti ione kuti mugodhi wacho waizokanganisa sei mvura yepasi pese penzvimbo yemugodhi. Uye vakashamiswa apo vanachipangamazano vavo vakawana nzvimbo dzine matoro zvakapetwa kana kupfuura zvavaitarisira kuwana panzvimbo yemugodhi. Izvi zvaisafanira kunge zvakashamisa. Mutauro weIron Mining Law wakataura kuti "kukanganisa kwakanyanya" kune zvakatipoteredza nemvura zvakafungidzirwa kuve zvakakosha kuitira kuchera iyi dhipoziti. Izvi zvaisanganisira kuparadzwa kukuru kwenzvimbo dzakanyorova dzinosefa mvura inoyerera ichipinda muLake Superior, inodyisa mibhedha yemupunga yemusango yerudzi rweBad River Ojibwe uye inopa mvura yekunwa kuguta reAshland nemataundi ari pedyo.
Dai GTac yakateerera zvaitaurwa nevagari vemunzvimbo iyi pamusoro pematavi kana nyanzvi yakazvimirira yewetlands yakabhadharwa neBad River Ojibwe, izvi hazvingave zvakashamisa. Pane kudaro, kambani yakatyisidzira danho remutemo kudzivirira nyanzvi yedzinza kuti isaone nzvimbo dzine matoro panzvimbo yemugodhi (โMining firm bars expert from site,โ Milwaukee Journal Sentinel 8/25/2013).
Gweta redunhu reAshland County rakazodzikisira kutyisidzira kweGTac, richiti GTac yaisatombove muridzi wemunda uye akatsinhira kuti dzinza raive nemvumo yekuongorora nzvimbo munzvimbo yaida kucherwa migodhi.
"Uyu hausi mutambo," akadaro Bad River Tribal Sachigaro Mike Wiggins. โUhu ndihwo upenyu norufu kuvanhu vari pasi porwizi nokudzika nemhepo. Uhwu ndihwo upenyu nerufu nokuda kwezvisingadaviriki zvezvinoyerera zvemvura zvegomo riya re[Penokee] rinoyerera richidzika muLake Superior.โ Tracy Hames, director director weWisconsin Wetlands Association, akati hapana mubvunzo kuti zvingaite zvisingaite kudzikisira huwandu nemhando yenzvimbo dzematavi panzvimbo yakarongwa yemugodhi, sezvinodiwa pasi pemutemo wenyika nemubatanidzwa. GTac yakashora zvikuru nhaurirano ipi neipi yeruzhinji pamusoro pezvingangoitika mumigodhi vasati vaendesa zvidzidzo zvavo kuhurumende nemasangano anoona nezvemapato sechikamu chekunyorera kwavo mvumo. Dai madzinza eWisconsin, mapoka ezvakatipoteredza uye vagari venzvimbo vakatamba nemirau yekambani, kuramba kumugodhi wakarongwa kungadai kusina kubuda panguva yekutanga yekubvumidza chirongwa ichi chiri panjodzi.
Kuedza kweGTac kudzvanyirira gakava reruzhinji nezve purojekiti iyi yakatosvika kuWisconsin Dhipatimendi reZviwanikwa (DNR) pachayo. Kunetsana pakati peGTac neDNR kwakava pachena muna 2014 apo kambani yakapokana negwaro rekutsvagisa reDNR iro rakanyora dzimwe njodzi huru dzemamiriro ekunze uye hutano hwekucherwa kwesimbi, kusanganisira acid mugodhi wemvura, kusvibiswa kwemercury, njodzi dzehutano (kenza yemapapu uye mesothelioma) kubva pakuratidzwa kune zvicherwa zveasbestiform panzvimbo yemugodhi, kudhonzwa kwetafura yemvura yeko, kurasikirwa kwekudya kwekudya semupunga wemusango uye chokwadi chekuti "nzvimbo nhanhatu dzemvura dzine nzvimbo yese ye1300 square mamaira inoyambuka Gogebic Range muWisconsin. uye kudira kuLake Superiorโ (Taconite Iron Mining muWisconsin: Ongororo).
Iyi ndiyo mhando yezvinhu zvaunonzwa kubva kune varatidziri, akadaro mutauriri weGTac, Bob Seitz. Akapomera DNR regulators nezve "kudarika masimba avo ekutonga" uye akati GTac "haikwanise kushandisa mari pakuda kuziva - pane maitiro uye mativi ese ari maviri anofanirwa kuremekedza" ("Mining company talking tougher," Milwaukee Journal Sentinel 1/15/2014). Zvakakodzera kucherekedzwa: Kuramba kwaSeitz kwomushumo wesayenzi sokungotaurawo zvako kwokunyunyuta kunopesana neimwe yemhedziso huru yezvemagariro evanhu yomushumo weDNR: โKukosha kwokuvimba kwomunzvimbomo mukutsigira kukura kwengozi huru hakugoni kurerutswa; pesvedzero yaro parutsigiro yakapfuura iyo yepesvedzero yezvingabvira zvikomborero zvoupfumi.โ
"Mafungiro aya anoenderana nemaitiro anobva kuWest Virginia kambani yemarasha pfungwa-yekuti vanogona kuita chero zvavanoda," akadaro Senator weHurumende Bob Jauch (D-Poplar) ane dunhu rinosanganisira nzvimbo yemugodhi. GTac idivi reCline Resource uye Development Group, rine bhirioni Chris Cline. Cline akaita mari yake nekuwana migodhi yemarasha, kugadzirisa uye zvekufambisa muAppalachia neIllinois Basin. Sekureva kwaDevon Cupery, mumwe wevagadziri vefirimu remafirimu, "Wisconsin's Mining Standoff," migodhi yemarasha yeCline kuWest Virginia neIllinois yakanzi inopfuura zviuru zvisere zvekutyorwa kwekuchengetedzwa kwemubatanidzwa kubva muna 8,000. Kupfuura zviuru zviviri nemazana matatu "kwakakura uye kwakakura" kutyorwa. ine mukana wekukuvara, kurwara kana kufa.
Pakati pa2006 nemazuva ano, matatu emakambani eCline - Foresight Energy, Macoupin Energy neHillsboro Energy - vakapa mari yakasanganiswa inodarika miriyoni imwe chete nemazana mashanu emadhora kune vezvematongerwo enyika veIllinois vanosanganisira Gavhuna Pat Quinn, Mutauriri weImba Michael Madigan uye mutongi wedare repamusoro reIllinois, Mary Jane Theis. ("Mutongi wekuchengetedza mugodhi akatora mari yemushandirapamwe kubva kune marasha magnate," Illinois Times 2/20/2014). Iyi yaive nzira iyo Cline akadzidza kuita bhizinesi muminda yemarasha yeAppalachia neIllinois: chengeta chimiro chakaderera cheveruzhinji paunenge uchishandisa simba pamusoro pehurumende. Will Reynolds, aimbove sachigaro weIllinois Sierra Club akati "panofanirwa kuve nekuferefetwa kwemubatanidzwa kuona kana makambani eCline akawana kurapwa kwakakosha mukubvumidza uye kuchengetedzeka nekuda kwemipiro yemushandirapamwe. Zvinoita sekuti mari yakashandiswa kutenga mafavour.โ
Asi Wisconsin haisi West Virginia kana Illinois. Mari yaCline nekukurudzira kwakakwanisa kutenga nzira yeIron Mining Law asi GTac kana Gavhuna Walker havana kubvunza veBad River Ojibwe nezvemutemo kana chirongwa chemugodhi. Mutauriri weGTac, Bob Seitz akaudza mutori wenhau kuti matambudziko emarudzi anogona kugadziriswa mushure mekunge bhiri rapasiswa ("Mining firm backs changes, Milwaukee Journal Sentinel 12/3/2012).
Kudzivirira Kodzero dzeChibvumirano, Kupikisa Migodhi Inoparadza
Kutadza kubvunza nyika yakazvimirira yerudzi nezvemutemo une chekuita nekodzero dzechibvumirano chavo uye zviwanikwa muWisconsin chiratidzo cherusaruraganda kwezvakatipoteredza rwakaratidzira chirongwa ichi kubva pakutanga. Mushure mekunge bhiri rapfuura, Sachigaro weTribal Mike Wiggins akasimbisa chinangwa chedzinza chekuenderera mberi nekurwisa chirongwa ichi, kusanganisira mukana wematare edzimhosva zvichienderana nekodzero dzechibvumirano chedzinza. "Uku hakusi kumhanya," Wiggins akadaro. โTakagadzirira kuita chero zvingatora kwenguva yakareba kudzivirira imba yeduโ (โVavengi: Kupikisa kuchadzika,โ Wisconsin State Journal, 3/3/2013). Mukutarisira nyaya yemubatanidzwa, dzinza rakagadzira homwe yekudzivirira zviri pamutemo. Masangano emapoka ekutsigira zvibvumirano, kunyanya munzvimbo dzevagari veMadison neMilwaukee, akabatsira Bad River Ojibwe mukutambira kuunganidza mari uye zviitiko zvekudzidzisa vanhu zvakafanana nekubudirira kwekusimudzira zvematongerwo enyika kurwisa chirongwa chemugodhi weCrandon mumakore gumi apfuura ("The Crandon Mine. Saga,โ Kukadzi 2004).
Kubuda kwemadzinza matanhatu eWisconsin evaOjibwe sevatambi vakuru vezvematongerwo enyika kunopindirana nekutsinhirwa kwekodzero dzechibvumirano chakatsikirirwa kubva muzvibvumirano zvemuzana ramakore rechi 19 izvo zvakasiya nyika dzine zvicherwa kuchamhembe kweWisconsin, Michigan neMinnesota asi vakaramba vaine kodzero yekuenderera mberi nekuvhima, kubata hove nekuunganidza. ceded lands. Mushure memutongo wedare remubatanidzwa Lac Courte Oreilles Band yeChippewa Indians v. Voigt yakasimbisa kodzero yeChippewa (Ojibwe) muna 1983, vachena vemitambo dzimwe nguva vakaita mhirizhonga vachipikisa Ojibwe off- reservation spearfishing. Mapoka anopikisa chibvumirano akapomera Ojibwe mhosva yekuparadza hove uye hupfumi hwekushanyirwa kwenzvimbo, kunyangwe madzinza asina kumbotora zvinopfuura zvitatu kubva muzana zvehove. Apo marudzi nevatsigiri vawo vasiri maIndia vakaratidza kuti ngozi chaiyoiyo kuhove neupfumi hwevashanyi yakabva muzvirongwa zvakakura zvinoparadza zvicherwa, madzinza akakunda vazhinji veavo vakanga vamboshora pakutanga kodzero dzechibvumirano cheOjibwe. Pakazosvika 1992 kuratidzira kwakawanda kwekurwisa chibvumirano kwakange kwapera mushure mekunge dare remubatanidzwa rapa mutongo wechigarire uchipokana nekukanganisa kushandiswa kwekodzero dzechibvumirano chekusachengetedzwa.
Mushure memakore gumi ekuramba kusiri mhirizhonga kune dzimwe nguva- kuratidzira kwechisimba vachipokana neOjibwe off-reservation spear- hove, madzinza eWisconsin Ojibwe akatsunga kuchengetedza kodzero dzavo dzekukohwa kubva mukusvibiswa kwemarara emigodhi. Mapurojekiti ekuchera zvicherwa panzvimbo yeLynne muRuwa rweOneida pedyo neWillow Flowage, nenzvimbo yeCrandon muForest County, akakundwa apo madzinza eLac du Flambeau neMole Lake Ojibwe akaumba mubatanidzwa nemapoka ezvakatipoteredza uye vagari veko kuti vapikise zvirongwa izvi.
Imwe yenzira dzakakosha dzakachinja mukukonana kwemakore makumi maviri nemasere pamusoro pemugodhi weCrandon kwakaitika muna 28 apo EPA yakacherechedza masimba akazvimirira eMole Lake Ojibwe kuti atonge kunaka kwemvura panzvimbo yavo. Sarudzo yeEPA yaireva kuti dzinza raigona kuchengetedza mibhedha yavo yemupunga yemusango kiromita imwe chete kudzika kubva pamugodhi weCrandon wairongwa. Muna Chikumi 1995, Dare Repamusorosoro reUnited States rakaramba kunzwa kupikisa kweHurumende yeWisconsin kumasimba eEPA uye rakamira mutongo wedare repasi uchitsigira kodzero yedzinza rekudzora kunaka kwemvura pamvura yekuchengetedza. Munguva pfupi yakatevera, muna Gunyana 2002, BHP Billiton, hofori yemugodhi yekuAustralia yaive muridzi weNicolet Minerals muCrandon, akaisiya. "Kune hove hombe dzekukangwa pasi rose uko dzisingafanirwe kushivirira rudzi urwu rwekunetswa," akadaro Dale Alberts, purezidhendi weNicolet Minerals. Muna 2002 EPA yakabvumira chikumbiro cheRwizi rwaBad Ojibwe kuti rimise zviyero zvaro zvemhando yemvura yemvura yemadzinza. T
Chiremera cheheti chinobvumira rudzi kuchengetedza mibhedha yavo yemupunga yemusango nehove yeLake Superior kubva pakusvibiswa kwemigodhi kana kuderedzwa kwekuyerera kwemvura kubva munzvimbo yavo. GTac yakaramba kupihwa masimba emvura neBad River panguva yekuongorora kweEPA ichiti zviyero "zvinoita sezvisingagoneke" kusangana ("Tribe inogona kutaura mune yangu," Milwaukee Journal Sentinel 2/18/13). "Kubva kuchamhembe kwenzvimbo yePenokee Mountain kusvika kuLake Superior, rudzi rwedu rwakagadzirira kusimuka uye kudzivirira Nibi (mvura) kuvanhu vose nezvizvarwa zvinotevera," akadaro Tribal Chair Mike Wiggins.
Panguva imwe cheteyo, rudzi rwacho rwakakoka vavakidzani vavo vasiri zvizvarwa zvemo kunhevedzano yezvokudya zvomwedzi nomwedzi zve<em>potluck kuti vakurukure kuti rudzi nenzanga dzakapoteredza vangashanda sei pamwe chete kudzivirira ivhu nemvura zvomunzvimbo yacho. Meya weAshland Bill Whalen akaratidza kubatana pakati peOjibwe nenharaunda dzemunharaunda pamusangano wevatori venhau pamberi pevhoti yemutemo pamusoro peIron Mining Law: "Iyi haisi nyaya yeNative Sovereign vs. State of Wisconsin," akadaro. "Iyi inyaya yemvura nemutemo inotibata tose." Ongororo yakazvimirira yemaonero everuzhinji yakaitwa neYunivhesiti yeWisconsin-Superior muna 2013 yakashuma kuti chikamu che61 muzana chevakabvunzwa munzvimbo ine chekuita nemugodhi "vanopikisa zvachose" kana "kupikisa zvachose" mugodhi waida kutaurwa.
Kupikisa purojekiti iyi munyika yose kwaionekwa nevanhu vakawanda vakavhota vachipokana nekusimudzirwa kwemugodhi wePenokee wakarongwa pamusangano wepagore weWisconsin Conservation Congress muchirimo muna Kubvumbi 2014. Chisungo chakanangana nemugodhi uyu chakabvumwa nezvikamu makumi matanhatu nezvinomwe kubva muzana zvevhoti mumakumi maviri nemasere pamakumi matatu nemaviri matunhu kwazvakaunzwa. Conservation Congress iboka renyika yose, rakasarudzwa neveruzhinji uko mapoka ezvezvakatipoteredza anosanganiswa nemapoka ekuvhima nekubata hove. Dare reCongress rinotemerwa nemutemo kuraira iyo Natural Resources Board mukugadza mutemo weWisconsin Dhipatimendi reZviwanikwa.
Mukupindura kuderera kwerutsigiro rweruzhinji rwepurojekiti yavo, GTac yakaronga misangano yekuteerera mumwe-on-one munzvimbo yezvicherwa zvemigodhi muna Chikumi 2014. Zvisineyi, zvirongwa zvaida kusachengetedzwa uye vanhu vaionekwa se "anti-mine" vakanyimwa kupinda. Penokee Hills Education Project, boka renzvimbo yakaunza vapikisi vemigodhi veNdudzi nevasiri VeNative pamwechete, vakapikisa propaganda yeGTac nenhevedzano yezvikamu zvekuteerera zvinodaidzwa kuti "Chokwadi uye Chokwadi chePenokee Mine." Hapana kuchengetedza kwaidiwa uye kupinda kwakapfuura kutora chikamu muzvikamu zveGTac.
GTac Defaults
Chiratidzo chekutanga chekuti GTac inogona kudhonza plug paPenokee mine project yaive muna Ndira 2015 apo mutungamiri weGTac Bill Williams akaudza sachigaro webhodhi reIron County Joe Pinardi kuti aisabvumidzwa kushandisa imwe mari pabasa iri. Izvo zvaisanganisira mubhadharo wemadhora zviuru makumi maviri ekuvandudza sarudzo yekurenda kwemakore maviri panzvimbo yedunhu iri chikamu cheiyo 20,000 acre mine saiti. Iyi ndiyo kambani imwe chete yakapa zviuru mazana manomwe emadhora kubatsira Gavhuna Walker nemaRepublicans kuti vapukunyuke musarudzo dzemuna 2 na3,000 uye kuvimbisa mavhoti kuti apasise mitemo yakanaka yezvicherwa. Pasina chibvumirano, pakanga pasina chirongwa chemugodhi.
Zvakadaro, mutauriri weGTac, Bob Seitz, akapokana nechikamu chemutemo weIron County wemugodhi waizoda kuti kambani ibhadhare nyanzvi kuti dzibatsire dunhu mukuongorora mishumo yesainzi pamusoro pemigodhi. GTac yakave nekupikisa kwakafanana kumutemo wemigodhi weAshland County gore rapfuura. Vakuru veIron County vaishuvira kuwana pekugara GTac netarisiro yekugadzira basa rekuchera migodhi saka vakati vanonoka kubhadhara kusvika gore rinotevera apo GTac yaizokwereta dunhu iri $30,000 yekuvhara 2015 kusvika 2017.
Izvi zvakangowedzera fungidziro yekuti kambani yanga yakagadzirira kubuda muchirongwa ichi. Asi Seitz akaudza mutori wenhau kuti GTac yaida kuenderera mberi nemugodhi uye yakanga ichigadzira patsva hurongwa hwemugodhi kudzikamisa kukuvadzwa kunzvimbo dzine mvura ("Gogebic shifts mine strategy," Milwaukee Journal Sentinel 2/4/15). Asi kana GTac yanga isiri kushandisa imwe mari pachirongwa, ndiani aibhadhara mainjiniya chirongwa chitsva chemugodhi?
Pakanga pasisina chirongwa chitsva chemugodhi. Pane kudaro, Gavhuna Walker akanga achifunga nezvaBob Seitz sechigaro chemutevedzeri wemunyori weDhipatimendi reZviwanikwa, sangano rimwechete rinoona nezvemigodhi ichibvumira. Kubva pamaemail uye mamwe magwaro akaburitswa kune Milwaukee Journal Sentinel pasi pemutemo wehurumende wakavhurika marekodhi, chipangamazano chaWalker aitarisa Seitz pachinzvimbo panguva imwe chete (Ndira 30, 2015) sezvo GTac yairamba chero hurongwa hwekusiya chirongwa chemugodhi ("Mine lobbyist anga achitsvaga basa," 4/7. /15). Gavhuna Walker aifanira kubvisa chipo ichi nekuda kwemutemo wehurumende wairambidza kunetsana kwechido maererano nekupihwa kwemvumo yemhepo nemvura. Panzvimbo pechinzvimbo chechipiri paDNR, Seitz akapihwa chinzvimbo nePublic Service Commission.
GTac yakatsausa veruzhinji kwemwedzi wese pamberi pechiziviso chaKukadzi 27 chekuti kambani yaive ichivhara hofisi yayo muHurley, Wisconsin. Pamusoro pekupomera EPA, Bill Williams akaudza mutori wenhau "kuchiri netsika kuDNR, nekuda kwekushaya izwi riri nani, iro rakasvibira." Kungoona kuti iyi subculture haikanganisi muzvirongwa zvezvicherwa, bhajeti ragavhuna richangoburwa rinobvisa vashandi makumi matanhatu nevatanhatu veDNR kubva kubazi rebazi rezvesainzi, kubata hove, masango nemabasa edzidzo. Munyori weDNR, Cathy Stepp, anosimbirira kuti agency haisi kusiya sainzi. Vesainzi chete.
Nekupa mhosva EPA uye "green subculture" kuDNR, Williams anotsausa pfungwa kubva pakuti GTac yakatadza kuwana rezinesi rekushanda nekusateerera nekudzvanyirira kupokana kuchirongwa ichi kubva kuvagari vane hanya, madzinza, mapoka ezvakatipoteredza nehurumende dzenharaunda. .
"Kambani iyi yakanyengedza veruzhinji, ikatenga paramende ikavasarudza kuti vatore chikamu mune imwe yehutsotsi hukuru munhoroondo yeWisconsin," akadaro aimbova seneta weDemocratic state Bob Jauch. Akapomera Gavhuna Walker nevamiriri vemitemo veRepublicans avo vakamanikidza mugodhi uyu "kukanganisa" kukambani yemugodhi nekukuvadza nharaunda nekunetsana nevavakidzani pamusoro pechirongwa chakanetsana. โUye nokuda kwechii? Zvese zvekusvika pakugumisa kuti chinhu ichi hachina kumbobvira chaitika pakutanga. Vane chikwereti kuvagari veIron County kukumbira ruregerero. "
GTac yaenda asi vakasiya mutemo unonetesa zvakanyanya kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza kune chero chirongwa chemugodhi cheramangwana. Kubviswa kweIron Mining Law iko zvino kwave kukoshesa kufambiswa kwepasi kwakamisa GTac.
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