Nyika inokatyamadzwa nemhedzisiro yesarudzo dzemuIndia, zvese nekuda kwekuparadzwa kwakaitwa BJP pasarudzo kunyangwe paine Campaign yayo ye "India Shining" nepuranga re "Hindutva" yakasarudzika, asiwo nekuti ruzhinji rwevavhoti. nyika huru iyi ine bhiriyoni imwe yakavhota vachipesana nekudyidzana kwepasi rose kwemakambani uko kwakave chete kupenya mu "India Shining", pamwe necommunalism uye xenophobia yanga iri muzinda webato rinotonga wezvematongerwo enyika. Mumutemo weBJP manyepo echitendero chaive chasangana nemusika. Vanhu vakaramba zvose zviri zviviri. Vanhu veIndia vakavhotera Sonia Gandhi neCongress. Vakavhotera kusava nenyika uye kuzviriritira.
Mushandirapamwe weShining India wakagadzirwa nesangano revashambadzi rekuAmerica, Grey Global boka nemari inosvika zana remamiriyoni emadhora. The ad agency, American style yakaratidza chayakadana kuti "feed good factor" kuburikidza nemushandirapamwe unonzi "India Shining".
Mushandirapamwe uyu wakashambadzwa pasina kumira mushe paTV uye mumapepanhau. Migwagwa mikuru, mota dzinomhanya kwazvo, dhaka rekutengesa uye mabikirwo enjodzi dzezvakatipoteredza sekudzoreredza nzizi dzeIndia kuburikidza ne "rwizi rwekubatanidza chirongwa" zvaive zviratidzo zveIndia Shining. Aya ndiwo zvakare mataurirwo ehurongwa hwekudyidzana kwenyika dzepasi rose, kwete chirongwa chebudiriro yechivanhu. Vanhu vekuIndia vanoda Rozi-Roti - Hupenyu nechikafu, kwete migwagwa misere. Iyo BJP yakapa meseji yevatorwa, iyo yaishandira capital yepasirese, kwete varombo uye vasingabatanidzi nharaunda dzeIndia.
Asi kune varimi vaizviuraya nekuda kwekukwira kwezvikwereti, vakadzi vaifamba nzendo refu vachitsvaga mvura, uye vechidiki vakatarisana nekushaya mabasa, India ichipenya yakava chirevo chekuzvikudza uye chisina moyo chekuparadzaniswa nemarwadzo nezvido zvevanhu. Vakapindirana neCongress Campaign nemubvunzo uri nyore, "Chii chakawanikwa neCommon Man?
Kusangana kwaSonia Gandhi kwakananga nemamiriyoni evanhu vasingabatanidzwe uye vakakanganwa ndicho chikonzero chakakosha. Vanhu vekuIndia vakamuvhotera. Akafamba makiromita 60,000 XNUMX, akataura misangano uye mashow emumigwagwa kuti asvike veruzhinji kwete zvinoenderana nekushambadza kweTV. Congress yakabuda sezwi rekuzvarwa revanhu veIndia, BJP sezwi rekunze rekuti "kunzwa zvakanaka" iro rakafuratira mutoro wekudyidzana kwepasi rose kune varombo.
Chirevo chacho hachishandure mumutauro upi noupi wechiIndia. Varimi vanofanirwa kunge vakati "Gane ke gur to patta hai, unonzwa ka gur kya hai?" (Tinoziva nzimbe jaggery( gur), chii chinonzi jaggery inogadzirwa ne "kunzwa")?
Vhoti yaipokana neBJP yaive vhoti yaipokana nekusununguka kwekutengeserana uye shanduko yehupfumi kune hutano hwepasi rose. Yakanga iri vhoti yekuzvimirira, zvinodiwa zvakakosha, hunhu hwevanhu, hutongi hwehupfumi. Munhoroondo yeIndia, izvi zvakakosha zvakanzi "Swadeshi". Zvakapesana ne "Swadeshi" kutsamira kwehupfumi, kwerudzi rwatakasangana narwo panguva yekoloni uye tave kusangana neWTO, World Bank, IMF inofambiswa nekudyidzana kwepasi rose iyo inobvumira purofiti yeMonsanto kukura apo varimi vekuIndia vachipinda muchikwereti chinobvumira Suez kuti atengese zvinoera zvedu. Ganges mvura kwatiri.
Kudyidzana kwenyika dzepasi pose kuri kukonzera kusachengeteka kwevanhu, zveupfumi uye zvezvakatipoteredza pasi rose. Kuri kukanganisa rusununguko rwevagari vemo. Chatinoda isangano idzva rekusununguka kubva pakutonga kwemakambani.
Pakati pekufamba kweIndia kusununguka kubva kukoloniyasi yaive pfungwa dze "Swadeshi" uye `Swaraj'.
Swadeshi ndiwo mweya wekuzvarwa patsva, nzira yekugadzira patsva munguva dzekutsamira uye colonization. Zvinoenderana neuzivi hweSwadeshi vanhu vane zvese zvenyama uye nehunhu izvo zvavanoda kuti vashanduke nekugadzira nzanga yavo nehupfumi uye vazvisunungure ivo pachavo kubva kune zvinodzvinyirira zvimiro. Rusununguko rwehupfumi maererano neSwadeshi rwunobva mukusimudzirwa kwekupedzisira kwete budiriro inodzorwa nekunze.
Swadeshi yeGandhi yaive pfungwa yakanaka yakavakirwa pakuvaka izvo nharaunda ine zviwanikwa, hunyanzvi, masangano uye kuvashandura, kwavakanga vasina kukwana. Zviwanikwa zvakatemerwa, masangano uye zvimiro zvinosiya vanhu vasina kusununguka uye hazvigoneke. Kupunzika kweiyo Nehruvian modhi yakavakirwa pakutsiva kunze kwenyika pane kusimudzira kwekupedzisira kunoratidza kuti mapatani ebudiriro asingabude kubva mukuzvironga haagone kuchengetedzwa.
Swadeshi yeGandhi yaive yakakosha mukusikwa kwerunyararo, rusununguko uye budiriro inoenderera. Swadeshi yakavakirwa pahupfumi hwevanhu uye kugona kwavo kuzvironga. Swadeshi kana kuzvironga munhau dzehupfumi ndihwo hwaro hwerusununguko rwehupfumi, uye pasina rusununguko rwehupfumi, hapangavi nerusununguko rwezvematongerwo enyika, kana kuzvitonga uye kuzvitonga.
Swadeshi haina kupera mumamiriro anhasi. Inonyanya kukosha kupfuura kare. Ndiyo nzira yekugadzira kune ese kutonga kwepakati nyika yenyika pasi peiyo Nehruvian modhi uye kutonga kwemakambani epasi rose uye masangano epasi rose akadai seW.T.O. Rusununguko rwehupfumi rwunoda kudzikiswa kutonga kwenyika uye kuderedzwa kutonga kweWorld Bank, IMF, W.T.O. uye G-7 neGlobal Corporations.
Rusununguko rwehupfumi rusununguko rwakawanda rwevanhu veIndia kuti vave nemararamiro akachengeteka, kuve nekutonga pamusoro pemitemo nezviwanikwa zvinoita raramo yavo. Hurukuro yemazuva ano pamusoro pe `Swadeshi' uye `Swaraj' yakatsveyamiswa zvakanyanya nehurukuro yekudyidzana kwepasi rose.
Hurumende yeBJP iyo yakakunda sarudzo pa-anti-globalisation neSwadeshi plank yakashandura nekukurumidza uye yakazivisa kuti Swadeshi haisi anti-globalisation. The Commerce Ministry yakabvisa zvirambidzo kubva ku336 zvinhu mumutemo wayo weExport-Import, kusanganisira mhiripiri nhema uye shrimp ndokuti iyi yaive Swadeshi. Indasitiri Ministry yakataura kuti ichashandisa TRIPS uye izvi zvaisapesana ne `Swadeshi '.
Ingave iyo BJP kana Congress, Swadeshi neSwaraj vari kushandiswa rhetorically, asi kwete yehupfumi.
BJP yakabvumira kuchengetedzwa kwemvura, kubvumidzwa kwehupenyu, mubatanidzwa wezvekurima, kunyangwe izvi zvichityora Swadeshi neSwaraj. Uye Swadeshi ikozvino iri kutsanangurwa patsva kwete pahwaro hwehurongwa hwehupfumi uye kuzvimiririra asi xenophobia.
Sarudzo dzemuna 2004 muIndia dzakarwiwa kwete pachirongwa cheBJP's Hindutva chevashoma, asi pane chirongwa chekudyidzana kwepasi rose che "India Shining" kuburikidza nemapurojekiti makuru ezvivakwa zvakaita semigwagwa mikuru uye kutsauka kwenzizi. Varombo vaibhadhara mutengo wekudyidzana kwenyika dzepasirese vakavhotera BJP uye Congress ipinde, Sonia Gandhi akagadzirira kuve Mutungamiriri.
BJP yakabva yadzokera kumushandirapamwe wayo wekune dzimwe nyika, kunyangwe Dare Repamusorosoro rakapa mutongo wekuti Sonia Gandhi semugari weIndia aisakwanisa kudziviswa kutora chigaro chepamusoro-soro chesarudzo munyika. Bumbiro remitemo reIndia rinoti "Hapana mugari anokodzera, kana kusarura maererano, chero basa kana hofisi pasi penyika nekuda kwechitendero, rudzi kana nzvimbo yekuzvarwa."
Vanhu veIndia vakavhotera Congress naSonia Gandhi. Kune vanhu, "budiriro" yeIndia yaive yekubatanidzwa - zvinosanganisira Vasudhaiva Kutumbkam, izvo zvakabvumira Margaret Noble kuti ave Hanzvadzi Nivedita, shamwari yaSwami Vivekanand naMirra Alfanso kuti vave Amai veSri Aurobindo's Ashram muPondicherry. Shamwari yepedyo yaGandhi mukurwisana neBritish imperialism aive Annie Besant. Shamwari dzake dzakazotevera Mira Ben naSarla Ben vaivewo vatorwa vakaramba vachiita basa rakakosha mushure mekuzvitonga uye vaive vari kurudziro yesangano reChipko - yekutanga yeIndia yemazuva ano ecology movement.
Sonia Gandhi paakabuda kubva kuPrime Minister, akapembererwa sekutsigira tsika dzepamusoro dzeIndia dzekupira (tapasya) uye kubviswa kubva kusimba nemubairo (Nishkama Karma). HuIndia hwaitsanangurwa sekushaikwa kwemakaro uye maitiro ekuzvitsvagira. Nekudaro, pamusoro pemushandirapamwe we "Shining India" unopemberera mutengi mutsva weIndia, bhuku "Kuva muIndia" rakataura nechivimbo,
รขโฌลMaIndia anonzwisisa zvakanyanya kuverengera kwesimba. vanotora kutsvaga simba semagumo pachawoรขโฌยฆ..MaIndia haana kumbove, uye haazombove "mamwe-nyika". Vanoshuva zvinhu zvinopiwa nenyika ino, uye vanotarira kune vakapfuma. Vanotsvaga purofiti zvakanyanya kupfuura vazhinji.
รขโฌลรขโฌยฆ.Matemo akavakirwa pafungidziro dzenhema pamusoro pehunhu nemaitiro evanhu anogona kunge akavhiringwa mukuita, uye anotadza kuzadzisa zvinangwa zvenyika. Chikanganiso chikuru chakaitwa nevagadziri vemitemo muIndia kwaive kutora fungidziro iri muvanhu, kuzvipira kune imwe huru "zvakanaka zveveruzhinji". Vagadziri vemitemo vakatsvaga kuvaka, nekuita maererano, nemhando yepamusoro yezvinhu zvinodikanwa, vasingatarise kune dandemutande rakaomarara rezvido 'zvapachake' zvinokurudzira nzanga yeIndia.
รขโฌลKuzviyeresa kwechokwadi kungadai kwanangidzira kugadzira mitemo kumitemo inopa mubairo wehungwaru pane kuenzanirana, kugona kushandisa zvinhu panzvimbo petsitsi, purofiti kwete yerubatsiro, uye yakazvimirira kwete yehurumende. (Ref: Pavan Varma, โKuva muIndiaโ, Penguin, 2004, p13-15)รขโฌ
Kukosheswa kwemakaro sehunhu hwekuzvarwa chibereko chemamiriro makuru ekudyidzana kwenyika dzepasi rose. Makaro akaita setsitsi anokudziridzwa nemamiriro ezvinhu, uye mitemo inogadzira mamiriro ezvinhu. Kugona kwemunhu kuzvipira sezvakaratidzirwa mukusiya kwaSonia Gandhi kubva kuMutungamiriri weIndia kunosimudzirwa nemagariro, senge kugona kwevanhu kwevavhoti veIndia kuti vabatanidzwe pavakamusarudza zvegutsaruzhinji semumwe wavo. Hunhu hwevanhu zvinhu zvinogoneka, kwete zvakakosha. Ndicho chikonzero nei mashoko akapoteredza achikosha zvikuru. Uye kudyidzana kwepasi rose kunogadzira mamiriro emakaro, kutenga, kusachengeteka uye kusabatanidzwa.
Kudyidzana kwenyika dzepasi rose kwakarasika pasarudzo. Yakakundikana muedzo wedemocracy. Isu tave kuona kuti avo vanowana pundutso kubva kwairi vanoichengeta iine mhenyu zvisina hutongi hwejekerere.