Munyika inotongwa nekutya uye nekupatsanurana, kusazvibata uye kupererwa kuungana kwemashiripiti kwenharaunda dzechikafu? Terra Madre ? yakaitika muTurin, Italy, kubva ku20-22 October 2004. Slow Food, sangano rakaisa tsika yekukura nekudya kwezvokudya zvakanaka, zvine utano, zvakasiyana-siyana pamwoyo wekushanduka kwevanhu, zvematongerwo enyika, uye hupfumi hwakanga hwaunza pamwe chete 5000. nhengo kubva munharaunda dzekudya dze1,200 kubva kunyika dze130 pasi pedenga rimwe. Uye kunyangwe nekusiyana kwavo nekusiyana, munhu wese aive akabatana? yakabatana nepasi, amai vedu, Terra Madre? yakabatana kuburikidza nechikafu, dandemutande chairo rehupenyu? yakabatana kuburikidza nemunhu mumwe chete, izvo zvinoita kuti murombo aenzane nemuchinda.
Kubva pakudyidzana kwepasi rose kusvika kune democracy yepasi
Mumakumi mashoma emakore apfuura, kugadzirwa kwechikafu, kugadzira, uye kugovera kwave kubva mumaoko evakadzi, varimi vadiki nevagadziri vadiki uye kuri kutorwa nehofori dzemakambani epasi rose seCargill, Monsanto, Phillip Morris, Nestle. Vagadziri vadiki kwese kwese vari kutamiswa nekudzurwa nemakwikwi asina kunaka kubva kune bhizimusi rekurima rinopihwa mari yakawanda.
Bato rekurwisa kudyidzana kwepasi rose rakanangana nekusaruramisira kwemitemo yekutengeserana pasi rose izvo zviri kuita kuti varimi vapinde muzvikwereti uye kuzviuraya. PaTerra Madre, vagadziri vaduku vakanga vaungana kwete chete kuti vatuke rima rekudyidzana kwenyika dzepasi pose asiwo kuti varambe vari vapenyu kana kuti vavheneke mwenje wekugadzirwa kuduku kwakagadzikwa kwezvakasiyana-siyana zvipenyu zvisingaise mutoro pasi pano kuti ugovere zvinodikanwa zvezvokudya zvenzanga dzavanhu.
Simba rakasimba reTerra Madre rakabva mukusimba kwevagadziri vakaramba vachichengetedza uye kugovera mbeu dzavo dzakasiyana, kurarama tsika dzavo dzakasiyana, kutaura mitauro yavo yakasiyana, uye kupemberera tsika dzavo dzakasiyana dzechikafu.
Paive nenharaunda yevagadziri vemango dzakaomeswa nevakadzi vane huturu (masangano evakadzi vanokohwa, kugadzira nekutengesa tumbuyu tunodyiwa) veOuagadougou, nharaunda yeBaobab yeAtacora, varimi vebasil uye pesto genovese, vagadziri veLiguria, vafudzi vanotama kubva kuIndia neKirgbity. , vanopfuya makwai vanobva kuCentral Asia, vanogadzira mupunga wejasmine wekuThailand uye vanogadzira mupunga weBasmati vekuIndia (vose vakambobatwa neBiopiracy neTexas, US based Ricetec corporation inotengesa Jasmine mupunga seJasmati neBasmati Rice seTexmati).
Nyika yeTerra Madre yakaratidza nyika chaiyo yevanhu? nekusiyana-siyana kwaipenya zvekuti maziso nenzeve zvaiita mabiko, ukuwo nharaunda dzaitaurirana nerudado, mufaro nerukudzo pamusoro petsika dzavo dzekurima nechikafu.
Iyi yanga isiri iyo nyika yeWTO uko chete bhizimusi rekurima riripo, chete zvinhu zvishanu (soya, chibage, mupunga, gorosi, canola) nhoroondo yekutengeserana kwekurima kwakawanda, kambani imwe chete (Monsanto) inoverengera 5% yembeu dzese dzeGMO dzakadyarwa chero kupi munyika, uye zvokudya zvakawanda zvinorimwa hazvidyiwi nevanhu asi nemabhiriyoni emhuka dzakatapwa mumapurazi efekitari.
Munyika yeTerra Madre mapurazi madiki anoburitsa zvakawanda kupfuura mapurazi emaindasitiri, achishandisa zviwanikwa zvishoma, zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinodzivirira hutano hwevhu uye hutano hwevanhu, mhando, kuravira, kudya kunovaka muviri ndiyo nzira yekugadzira nekugadzirisa, kwete huwandu hwehupfu uye purofiti yepamusoro. zveAgribusiness.
Terre Madre kwaive kuungana kwevagadziri vadiki vanoramba kunyangarika munyika umo kudyidzana kwepasi rose kwakabvisa kusiyana kwemarudzi netsika, vagadziri vadiki, hupfumi hwenzvimbo, ruzivo rwechivanhu. Havasi varimi vadiki chete uye nharaunda dzekudya dzemuno dziri kuramba kuenda, vakatsunga kuumba ramangwana kunze kwekudyidzana kwenyika. Sezvakataurwa naGranny Almanac, Gurukota rezvekurima neMasango reItaly munhanganyaya yake ku `Terra Madre?
Chii chepakutanga uye chechokwadi cheshanduko nezveTerra Madre ndechekuti nekusarudza iyo Yekudya Nharaunda isingatani kubatwa nemaindasitiri? saka zvinosiyana neuchokwadi uye kunaka kwezvigadzirwa zvavo? inoedza kuisa vagadziri vezvokudya zvishoma panzvimbo yepakati.
Kusiyana-siyana ndiyo ivhu rekuchinja kwemaitiro edu ezvekudya? kusiyana-siyana kwezvirimwa, kusiyana-siyana kwezvokudya, kusiyana-siyana kwetsika. Kusiyana ndiko kuramba kune monocultures uye imwe nzira yekugadzira. Kuvaka pamusoro pekusiyana kwedu uye zvakasiyana-siyana isimba redu, simba rinogona kuparara chete kana isu tikakanda mapfumo pasi.
Imwe paradigm yechikafu.
Terra Madre yakapa mukana uye chikuva chekutaura imwe paradigm yechikafu. Panguva yemutambo wekuvhura, Carlo Petrini, muvambi weSlow Food akapa kudanwa kumunhu wese kuti adzivirire kodzero, ruzivo uye hunyanzvi hwevagadziri vadiki pasi rese. ?Lets become co-producer?, akadaro. Kudya zvinoreva kuparadza. ?Kushandiswa? kare rakanga rapiwa zita rokuti Tuberculosis.
Muchiito chekudya, isu takatotora chikamu mukugadzira. Nekudya organic, tati ?kwete? kune chepfu, uye kutsigira murimi organic. Nekuramba maGMO, tinovhotera kodzero dzevarimi vadiki nekodzero dzevanhu dzekuwana ruzivo nezvehutano. Nekudya zvemuno, takabvisa simba uye purofiti kubva kune yepasi rose bhizinesi, uye nekusimbisa nharaunda yedu yechikafu.
Vanodya saka zvakare vagadziri pamwe chete, zvese nekuti hukama hwavo nevagadziri vadiki chinhu chakakosha mukugadzira inogadzika, yakaringana, ine hutano hurongwa hwekudya, uye zvakare nekuti isu ndizvo zvatinodya, uye mukuita sarudzo dzekudya, tinoita sarudzo dzekuti ndiani watinodya. vari.
Maindasitiri uye kudyidzana kwepasi rose kwemaitiro edu echikafu anotiparadzanisa, Maodzanyemba-Maodzanyemba, mugadziri-mutengi, vapfumi-varombo. Chinonyanya kukosha chekuparadzanisa kwedu uye kupatsanurwa ingano dzekuti masisitimu echikafu emaindasitiri anoburitsa chikafu chakawanda uye nekudaro zvakakosha pakubvisa nzara. Nengano yekuti ?kuchipa? chikafu. Nekudaro, madiki madiki ezvipenyu, organic mapurazi ane yakakwira goho pane yakakura maindasitiri monocultures.
Sezvo Muchinda Charles akayeuchidza kuungana mukutaura kwake panguva yemutambo wekuvhara:
Imwe yenharo dzinoshandiswa ne ?varimi vemaindasitiri ezvekurima? ndechokuti chete kuburikidza nekuwedzera kuti tichakwanisa kudyisa huwandu hwevanhu vepasi rose. Asi kunyangwe pasina kudyara kwakakosha, uye kazhinji mukutarisana nekusatenderwa kwepamutemo, maitiro akavandudzwa eorganic akawedzera goho uye zvinobuda zvakanyanya.
Ongororo ichangobva kuitika yeUN-FAO yakaratidza kuti kuBolivia goho rembatatisi rakwira kubva pamatani mana kusvika gumi neshanu pahekita. MuCuba, goho remuriwo remagadheni emudhorobha rakada kupetwa kaviri. KuEthiopia, uko makore makumi maviri apfuura kwakatambura nzara inotyisa, goho rembatatisi rakakwira kubva pamatani matanhatu kusvika makumi matatu pahekita. KuKenya, goho rechibage rakawedzera kubva pamatani maviri nechidimbu kusvika pamatani mapfumbamwe pahekita. Uye kuPakistan, goho remango rakwira kubva pamatani manomwe nechidimbu kusvika pamatani makumi maviri nemaviri pahekita.
Mumutambo wekutanga ndakange ndadonhedza pfungwa yekuti chikafu chepasi rose cheindasitiri hachisi chakachipa, chinodhurira pasi, kuvarimi, kune hutano hwedu. Nyika haichakwanisi kutakura mutoro wekuchera mvura yepasi, kusvibiswa kwemishonga yezvipembenene, kuparara kwemarudzi, kuparara kwemamiriro ekunze.
Varimi havachakwanisa kutakura mutoro wechikwereti, izvo zvisingadzivisiki mukurima kwemaindasitiri nemitengo yakakwira yekugadzira. Kuzviuraya kwevarimi ve25,000 muIndia munguva pfupi yemakore matanhatu chiratidzo chedambudziko rakadzika mumuenzaniso mukuru wekurima nekugadzirwa kwezvokudya. Sistimu iyi iri kuramba kodzero yekudya uye hutano kune bhiriyoni imwe vane nzara uye bhiriyoni imwe inotambura nekufuta. Haikwanisi kugadzira chikafu chakachengeteka, chinoenderana netsika, chinonaka, chemhando yepamusoro. Uye haikwanise kugadzira chikafu chinokwana vanhu vese nekuti inoparadza mvura yemuvhu nesimba.
Inoshandisa simba rakapetwa kagumi pane yainogadzira, mvura inopetwa kagumi kupfuura yekurima kwezvakatipoteredza. Zvinoita zvishoma zvakapetwa kagumi. Kunyangwe kushanda zvakanaka kwevashandi ingano sezvo vese vaongorori, vagadziri vemishonga yezvipembenene, mainjiniya emajini, vatyairi vemarori, masoja ari muhondo pamusoro peoiri, chikamu chehurongwa hwekugadzira chikafu mumaindasitiri.
Dai vanhu vese vari mukugadzirwa kwechikafu kusingagarike vakaverengwa, kusanganisira avo vari mukugadzira zvinhu zvinoparadza zvine chepfu, ?vashandi? kushanda zvakanaka kwemaindasitiri ezvekudya munyika zvakare kuve kwakaderera pane ecological chikafu. Kana kurima kukava sehondo, uye zvombo zvekuparadza kweMisa? mafetireza nemishonga yezvipembenene zvine mabviro azvo muhondo, zvinotsiva zvemukati zvekurima, chikafu chinova chisiri chikafu. Kutengeserana kunobva pamitengo yenhema, uye kuchinjanisa kusina kunaka hakusi kutengeserana, iko kushandiswa. Ndosaka ndakakurudzira kuTerra Madre kuti pamwe chete nemutauro wevasiri bepa nevasiri veboka, muWTO, Chibvumirano chekurima chinofanira kupihwa zita rekuti Chibvumirano chekusatengeserana kwechikafu.
Icho chokwadi chekuti chikafu chemumaindasitiri chakachipa hachisi nekuti chinoshanda, chingave maererano nezviwanikwa kana simba rekushandisa. ?zvakachipa? nekuti inobvisa mari dzese? hondo, zvirwere, kuparadza kwezvakatipoteredza, kuora kwetsika kuparara kwevanhu, uye inotsigirwa nerubatsiro - $ 400 bhiriyoni rubatsiro munyika dzakapfuma zvakakonzera kuparara kweWTO Ministerial muCancun, inotsigirwa nemari yekufambisa, ne. rubatsiro rwezvakatipoteredza uye rubatsiro rwakakura kudarika dzose, rwakabhadhara kuburikidza nehupenyu hwevanhu.
Kwatiri Terra Madre yaive mhemberero yekurima kwakatendeseka uko mitengo isinganyepi, isingashandisi pasi nevarindi vepasi, Terra Madre yaive mhemberero yemaitiro edu ehupfumi hwehupenyu hwatinobura pamwe nevenyika. gonye uye dandemutande, pamwe nemychorizzae nefungi. Isu tese takabatana muwebhu yehupenyu, uye chikafu chayo chinotenderera iyo dandemutande. Sezvakataurwa nekare Taitreya Upanishad:
Kubva pakudya, zvisikwa zvese zvinogadzirwa ???
Zvisikwa zvinozvarwa nekudya, kana zvazvarwa zvinorarama nekudya, pakufa, zvinopinda mukudya.