Mutungamiri weIsrael, VaBinyamin Netanyahu, vakakanda pfupa rekutaura kuMutungamiri Obama mukutaura kwavo kwaitarisirwa musi waChikumi 14, pavakashandisa izwi rekuti "nyika yePalestine." Asi haana chaakabvuma chinhu, achidzokorora kuramba kweIsrael kuramba nyika chaiyo yePalestine, kuzvitonga, kuzvitonga, uye kuzvitonga. Akarayira kuti maPalestine vazive uye vagamuchire Israeri se "nyika yerudzi rweVanhu vechiJudha," kwete nyika yevagari vayo vese, zvichida kuti maPalestine agamuchire kuve pamutemo kwemaitiro erusarura eIsrael. Uye kutaura kwake kwakaenderera mberi nekuwedzera kweIsrael kwekutyisidzira Iran.
Ikozvino bhora reIsrael-Palestine rinoramba rakazara mudare raPresident Obama - uye mhedzisiro yacho ichatemerwa zvakanyanya nesarudzo yehutongi hwekushandisa kana kusashandisa chaiyo (kureva, mari kana diplomatic) kudzvanywa, pane kuvimba chete nekukurudzira kweruzhinji kana kwakavanzika, kuti Israel iite zvinodiwa neUS. Pasina mhedzisiro yekusateerera kweTel Aviv - senge kunyima zvese kana chikamu chemadhora mazana matatu emabhiriyoni erubatsiro rwemauto eUS kuIsrael, kana kubvisa chengetedzo yeUS iyo inoita kuti Israel isazvidavirire muUN Security Council - zvinodiwa naObama kuti zvigadziriswe. kana chimwe chinhu chichava netapuro shoma.
"Palestinian State"
Hazvishamisi kuti Netanyahu akabvuma kudiwa kwaObama kuti ataure mazwi ekuti "nyika yePalestine." Zvisinei nekutsamwa pakati pevatsigiri vake vekurudyi, mazwi akachipa: haana kana kumbotaura izwi rekuti "Palestine," kana kutaura nezve "mhinduro yenyika mbiri" kana nyika mbiri mune chero chimiro. Pane kudaro, Netanyahu akatsanangura "vanhu vaviri vakasununguka," mumwe nemumwe aine mureza uye rwiyo. Chinoshaikwa chero chinhu chakafanana nekuenzana kana kururamisira.
Netanyahu akatsanangura "nyika yePalestine isina mhirizhonga padivi-nepadivi nenyika yechiJudha." Akatsanangura asiri anozvitonga, asina kuzvimiririra, asina kuwirirana "nyika yePalestine" iyo yaizomanikidzwa kubviswa mauto nevimbiso yenyika pane chero sarudzo yemukati; "Nyika yePalestine" isina kutonga kwenzvimbo yayo yemhepo; "Nyika yePalestine" isina kutonga kwemiganhu yayo; "Nyika yePalestine" isina kodzero yekusaina zvibvumirano; uye "nyika yePalestine" isina Jerusarema. Yake yekuisa "Palestinian state" haina miganhu inozivikanwa, sezvo nharaunda yaizotemwa chete munhaurirano dzinotevera. Nzvimbo dzekugara dzeIsrael, pamwe neApartheid Wall, nzvimbo dzemauto dzakavharwa, nzvimbo dzekutarisa, migwagwa yevanogara-chete, mabhiriji, matangi akavakirwa panzvimbo yakabiwa yePalestine, uye anoenderera mberi nekupatsanura West Bank kuita tudiki tusinga wirirane cantons kana Bantustans, ese. ramba uri panzvimbo.
Misha
Netanyahu aramba zvachose kurudziro yaVaObama yekuti vagadzirise. "Hatina chinangwa chekuvaka misha mitsva kana kuisa parutivi nzvimbo yekugara," akadaro Netanyahu. Saka kuwedzera kwese kwenzvimbo dzekugara - kwete chete kune iyo inonzi "kukura kwechisikigo" iyo Netanyahu neMutungamiri Obama vakanetsana pachena - ichaenderera mberi. Nyika yePalestine, saka, icharamba "yakaiswa parutivi" - chirevo chekuremekedza che "kubiwa" - kuwedzera chero kana yese yenzvimbo dzekugara dzemaJuda kusvika kune chero nyika kana vechitendero vanonyanyisa (kana, nekuda kwenyaya iyoyo, chero yuppie settlers vanoumba ruzhinji rwevagari vemo) vanogona kuda kuvavaka.
Dambudziko guru renzvimbo dzekugara, hongu, harisi kungowedzera zvinokambaira - ndiko kuvapo kwavo chaiko. Kugara kwese kweIsrael muWest Bank kana Arab East Jerusalem - kwete chete diki diki-zvinofambiswa ne "nzvimbo dzekunze" asi nzvimbo dzakakura dzemuguta seAriel kana Ma'ale Adumim kana nzvimbo dzekare dzakatsanangurwa se "vavakidzani" veJerusarema - hazvisi pamutemo. Chisungo chechina cheGeneva Convention Chinyorwa 4(49) chinorambidza simba riripo kubva kuendesa chero vagari varo munzvimbo inogarwa - vagari havaite zviri pamutemo nekuti vanogara mumaguta makuru ane vanhu zviuru makumi matatu nezvishanu kana makumi mana kana nekuti vanogara kwenguva inodarika. 6 makore. Kuvapo kwenzvimbo dzekugara kunomiririra kutyora kuri kuramba kuchienderera mberi - uye kunyangwe Obama akakwanisa kumisa chando chakazara pazvinhu zvese zvekugadzirisa, hapana chinoratidza kuti (kana paine) chaari kuda kuita nezve 35,000 vagari veIsrael zvisiri pamutemo vanoramba vachitora avo. (zvisinei nechando) maJuda-chete pekugara mhiri kweWest Bank neEast Jerusalem.
Israeri se "Nyika yevaJudha"
Kuumbwa uku, vhezheni yakashandiswa naObama mukutaura kwake kuCairo, kune njodzi. Netanyahu akarayira kuti maPalestine asangoziva Israeri chete (chiito chevamiriri vePalestine vagara vachiratidza kuda kuita mukudzorera kucherechedzwa kweIsrael nenyika yakazvimirira yePalestine), asi kuti vazive Israeri senyika yechiJudha. Ikoko kunoreva kuziva sorusaruro rwapamutemo rwaIsraeri pavagari vayo vakanga vasiri vaJudha. Kuzivikanwa kwakadaro kwaizogamuchirawo kutyora kweIsrael mitemo yepasi rose inovimbisa vapoteri vePalestine kodzero yekudzokera kumisha yavo nechikonzero chekuti nhamba huru yevapoteri vanodzoka vaizochinja huwandu hwevanhu. Zvingangopedza ruzhinji rwevaIsraeri rwechiJudah, asi hapana hurumende ine โkodzeroโ yekuona ruzhinji rusarurwa rwerudzi kana rwechitendero kana dzinza nekudzinga, kutamisa, kuramba kodzero, kana kusarura avo vari kunze kwemaitiro akasarudzwa.
Netanyahu akabvuma kuti haatendi kuti Israeri inosungwa nemutemo wepasi rose kana zvibvumirano. Israel, akadaro, inoda chete "kurangarira" kufunga kwenyika. "Tinofanirwa kuziva zvibvumirano zvepasi rose," akadaro, asi teerera zvakaenzana kune "misimboti yakakosha kuNyika yeIsrael." Pasi pedzidziso iyoyo, zvibvumirano neIsrael zvakange zvatogamuchira, senge 2003 "mepu yemugwagwa" yaida kuti Israel iomese nzvimbo dzese dzinogara kusanganisira "kukura kwechisikigo," kana UN Resolution 273 ye1949 iyo yakagamuchira Israel kuUnited Nations kana ichinge yabvuma. Kodzero yevaPalestine yekudzoka, haina basa uye inogona kutyorwa pasina chirango kana isingaenderane ne "misimboti yakakosha kuHurumende yeIsrael."
Israeri, nyika yeArab uye Iran
VaNetanyahu vatsinhira kurudziro yaVaObama yekuti hukama pakati peIsrael nenyika dzemaArabu hugadziriswe. Chiono chaNetanyahu che "kuyananisa" icho chakanyatsobatanidzwa mukuedza kwake kumisa, nerutsigiro rweUS, mubatanidzwa weIsrael-Arab pamusoro peIran, achitsanangura kuedza kwake "kuumba mubatanidzwa wenyika dzese kudzivirira Iran kutora zvombo zvenyukireya." Sarudzo dzichangoburwa dzeIran dzakabatsira Netanyahu. Achashandisa kukunda kwakasimbiswa kweMutungamiri Mahmoud Ahmadinejad musarudzo dzakapokana, kana kutoenderera mberi nekusagadzikana, kuratidzira, uye kusagadzikana muIran, sehumbowo hwekutaura kwake kuti Iran inoramba iri kutyisidzira kwakananga uye nekukurumidza kuIsrael. Netanyahu akatsanangura sarudzo yeIran pachayo sekuratidza kutyisidzira uye akati "njodzi huru yakatarisana neIsrael, Middle East, pasi rose, uye rudzi rwevanhu, ndiyo hukama pakati pechiIslam chakasimba nezvombo zvenyukireya." Vateereri vake panguva iyoyo vaisangova vavhoti vakaomarara kumba, asi vatsigiri veIsrael muCongress uye kumwewo muUnited States, vachishandisa "kutyisidzira kweIran" kurwisa kusagadzikana kweUS maererano nekuramba kwake kuzvitonga kwePalestine.
Izvo zvinoramba zvisina chokwadi kuti VaObama vakagadzirira kusvika papi mukuvaka mubatanidzwa wedunhu unopokana neIran. Mukutaura kwavo kuCairo masvondo maviri apfuura, VaObama vakakurudzira hurumende dzechiArab kuti dziite zvikamu chete zvehurongwa hwerunyararo hwemaArabu hwa2002 hwaida kuti Israel igadziriswe, asi vachiregeredza zviito zveIsrael zvakaomesesa zvinozivikanwa nehurongwa uhu hunodiwa kugadziridza kwakadaro kusati kwaitwa. Hurongwa hweArab, hwakatsigirwa nenyika makumi maviri nembiri dzeArab League, hwakapa hukama neIsrael, asi kungochinjana kubviswa kweIsrael kumiganhu ya22, kugoverana kweJerusarema, mhinduro yakarurama kudambudziko revapoteri vePalestine rinobva pamutemo wenyika dzakawanda. nezvimwe. Netanyahu akatevera kutungamira kwaObama mukufuratira zvisungo zveIsrael, uye mukuda kuti hurumende dzeArabu dzibve dzangotanga zvibvumirano zverunyararo, hukama hwakazara hwekudyidzana, kutengeserana, kushanya - kutaura zvazviri, hukama hwakazara - neIsrael, hapana chairi kuwana.
Dambudziko nderokuti kugarisana kwakadai kwenyika-kune-nyika pakati peIsrael nechero ipi kana hurumende dzese dzeArab, kana dzikaitwa nekugara kweIsrael uye hurongwa hwerusaruraganda hwakasimba, zvinokanganisa zvirevo zvePalestine, zvinonetesa chinzvimbo chePalestine mudunhu uye nepasirese, uye zvinopa pamutemo kutyorwa kweIsrael. mutemo wenyika dzakawanda. Kushevedzera kweiyo divi rimwe chete kudzoreredzwa kunogona kuve kwakabatana nekuedza kwehutongi hwaObama kusundira Israel kunhaurirano itsva neSyria - kupatsanura maitiro aya kubva kuPalestine track. Nhaurirano dzakadai dzinogona kutungamira kune imwe nzira yakakosha yekugumisa hugaro hweIsrael hweSyria Golan Heights. Asi danho rakadaro rinogona panguva imwe chete kuisa mungozi chikamu chepakati chekutorwa kweIsrael kwePalestine. Israel yaizoedza kunyengerera hutongi hwaObama neUS Congress kuti chero kubuda muGolan kungashungurudza Israeri zvekuti United States haigone kumanikidza chero danho rekupedza basa muWest Bank, Gaza, neEast Jerusalem, ndoda kugumisa kukomba kunouraya kweIsraeri kweGaza. Mhedzisiro yakadaro yakaitika mushure mekunge Israeri yabva paSinai yeEgipita mukati mechibvumirano cheCamp David Accord ya1979. Israel yakahwina rutsigiro pachinzvimbo chayo chekuti kudzoka kwenzvimbo ine vanhu vashoma yeSinai peninsula kuEgypt kwaikwana kuzadzisa chero zvaidiwa muUN Resolution 242 (kana kupi zvakowo) kuti Israel ibude munzvimbo dzayakanga yatora muhondo ya1967.
Zvakabuda musarudzo dziri kunetsa muIran hazvisati zvanyatsojeka. Kubatana kwevanhu, kuratidzira, uye kuunganidza kuri kuitika pamwero usingaonekwe kubva pakamukira vadzidzi muna 1999; vamwe vanoongorora vanoti kubva pakaitika shanduko yeIslam muna 1979. Asi mhedzisiro yacho haisati yanyatsojeka. Zvakakosha kuti Obama arambe akangwarira uye achiremekedza mumhinduro yake, achisimudza kushushikana kwehurumende kudzvinyirira uye mhirizhonga yemumugwagwa asi achijekesa kuti "zviri kune veIrani kuita sarudzo pamusoro pekuti vatungamiri veIran vachava vanaani, kuti isu tiremekedze hutongi hweIran." Nehurombo, akati United States "icharamba ichitsvaga nhaurirano yakaoma, yakananga pakati penyika dzedu mbiri." Dzvinyiriro yeruzhinji inofanirwa kuchengetedzwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti kutyisidzira kweIsrael kwemauto kurwisa Iran hakutsigirwe neUnited States.
Zvino, mudare raObama...
Mibvunzo inosara.
- VaObama vachabvuma here kushandisa kwaNetanyahu kwemazwi okuti "nyika yePalestine" sechibvumirano chikuru, chinokwana kukumbira mvumo mitsva kubva kumaPalestine?
- Kana Netanyahu akafamba nhanho imwe mberi uye achidaidzira kuti imwe mhando yekugadzirisa chando (kunge ichinyatsoiswa pasi), izvo zvichakwaziswa sechibvumirano chitsva chakakosha pasina mhinduro kune kuenderera mberi zvisiri pamutemo kwenzvimbo dziripo dzekugara?
- Ko zano redunhu rehutongi hwaObama richatarisa mukuvaka mubatanidzwa weIsrael-Arab pamusoro peIran kunyangwe zvakataurwa naObama kunhaurirano nyowani neIran "pasina zvimiro pachikonzero chekuremekedzana"?
- VaObama vachapindura sei kana paine mamwe mashoma ekubvumirana kubva kuNetanyahu, kunyangwe pasina kufambisa chaiko pasi pekodzero dzePalestine?
Kana, kutarisiraโฆ
- VaObama vachatuma here nhumwa yavo, vaimbova Senator George Mitchell, kuti vazivise hurumende yeIsrael kuti danho rinotevera reWashington richava kunyimwa kwegore rino $3 bhiriyoni yerubatsiro rwemauto eUS kuIsrael kusvika pave nehumbowo pasi, kwete mumashoko chete. Kumira zvachose mukuvaka, kutengesa, kupinza vagari vemo, kana chimwe chiitiko mune chero nzvimbo dzekugara?
- VaObama vachazivisa here kuti kuramba vachitsigira nhaurirano dzePalestine neIsrael hakuna zvakunobatsira kana kusawirirana kwemasimba kunoramba kwakadzama, uye kuti panzvimbo pacho mutemo mutsva weUS uchange uri wekutsigira nhaurirano dzematunhu dzinobva pamutemo wepasi rose uye zvisungo zvese zveUN sehwaro hwenhaurirano dzematunhu. kupedza basa uye kumisa rugare rwakanaka uye rwakakwana munharaunda yacho?
Zvakanaka. Pamwe iyo yekupedzisira ichiri nzira yekudzika mumutsara. Asi garai makatarisa.
Phyllis Bennis ndiye munyori we Kunzwisisa Palestine-Israel Kusawirirana: A Primer. Anoshanda kuInstitute for Policy Studies uye anoshanda neUS Campaign yekugumisa basa reIsrael. Joinha kupikisa kweMushandirapamwe kune rubatsiro rwemauto eUS kuIsrael.