Musi waZvita 15, 2010 National Park Service yakavhura chiratidziro chayo chitsva, "Imba yeMutungamiriri: Rusununguko uye Huranda muKuita Rudzi Rutsva" paLiberty Bell Center pavilion muPhiladelphia's Independence Park. Pavilion iyi yakavakirwa panzvimbo pakambomira imba yekutanga yevatungamiri veUS, uye kunyanya paishanda varanda vepamba veGeorge Washington apo iye airaira nyika kweakawanda ematemu ake maviri seMutungamiri wekutanga weUnited States.
Kweanoda kusvika makore gumi, nhengo dzenharaunda dzakaronga kuona kuti chiratidziro chaizogadzirisa chokwadi chekuti Mutungamiriri George Washington vakaisa vanhu muuranda munzvimbo ino, uye kuti kuvapo kwavo kwenhoroondo kwaizobvumwa nekumiririrwa pano zvakare. Kunyange zvazvo pakutanga ichipokana nepfungwa iyi, National Park Service yakavhura chiratidziro chine zvinhu zvinotaura nyaya yevanhu vapfumbamwe vakaitwa nhapwa neWashingtons, uye kurwa kwenguva refu kwakaguma nekuratidzwa pachena pachena kwechokwadi chinorwadza pamusoro pekuvambwa kwedu. rudzi.
Chiratidziro cheMutungamiriri weNyika chinopa zvidzidzo zvakakosha izvo Mutungamiriri angave akachenjera kutarisa. Chimwe chidzidzo ndechekuti vatungamiri vanofanirwa kurwira zvavanotenda. George Washington's yakataura kupesana neuranda mhosva yakabatana nemafambiro ake chaiwo ezvematongerwo enyika. Ndichiri kutaura kuvenga huranda uye tariro yekuzofa kwahwo, semutungamiri Washington haana kutora nhanho chaidzo munzira iyoyo. Kusunungura varanda vake panguva yehupenyu hwake kungadai kwakave imwe yematanho iwayo, asi panzvimbo iyo, Washington yakavimbisa kusunungurwa kwavo pakufa kwemukadzi wake Marita. Kunyangwe aingopfugamira kune vezvematongerwo enyika venguva yaitongwa neveMaodzanyemba 'kudzivirira kweuranda kana kushaikwa kwekuda kumira kwavari sezvakaita bato rekubvisa rekubvisa, hatizombofa takaziva. Asi chokwadi ndechekuti, Washington haina kungoisa nhapwa vanhu vakati wandei mumba memutungamiri wenyika panguva yematemu ake maviri ari pachigaro, akatsvaga zvine hukasha kuvadzora mushure mekunge vatizira kurusununguko.
Chidzidzo chechipiri chekufunga nezvacho ndechekuti kunyangwe Washington akazeza kuita zvaakataura zvinopesana neuranda, bato rekupokana neuranda rakakura zvakadaro, kusanganisira mukati meimba yemutungamiri wenyika (pakati pevarume nevakadzi vaakabata). Ipo Washington aive mutungamiri uye achiraira kubva kuPhiladelphia, vanhu vaviri vakapukunyuka vakashinga. Oney Judge, ainyanyoshandira Mudzimai wekutanga, akatizira kurusununguko mamwe manheru George naMartha vachidya kudya kwemanheru. Hercules, mubiki wemhuri weWashington anosanozivikanwa, akazosimuka gore rimwe gare gare muna 1797. Akasimuka pahusiku hwarongerwa vaWashingtons kudzokera kuMount Vernon mushure mekunge nguva yeWashington yapera. Kunyange zvazvo Washington akarangarira Hercules somumwe wavabatiri vake vakavimbika zvikurusa navanovimbwa nayo, kariro yorusununguko yakanga ine simba zvikuru zvokusagona kudzivisa.
Muzviitiko zvese izvi, Washington yakave nemukana wekuita zvaaitenda nezve "rusununguko" kune avo vane hupenyu hwaaive nekutonga kwakananga pamusoro: angadai akangovarega vachienda. Pane kudaro, muchiitiko chega chega, aitsvaga achishingirira uye achidzokorodza, uye pakupedzisira haana kubudirira kuvatsvaga uye vobva vaitazve nhapwa. Oney Mutongi naHercules vaitenda murusununguko zvakare, uye vakaisa zvese panjodzi kuti vashore murume ane simba kwazvo muAmerica kuti azviite. Pasinei nezvinetso zvose, vakabudirira. Chiremekedzo kumweya wavo wekushinga uye wekuzvidza kuti National Park Service yakamisa ichi chakakosha chiitiko chenhoroondo.
Nekudaro, chidzidzo chePresident House chinonyanya kukosha hachisi cheMutungamiri wenyika wekutanga, asi nezvevanhu vasina matauriro vane nyaya dzisina kutaurwa kwemazana emakore. Nhoroondo haingori nhevedzano yemazuva uye chokwadi, inosanganisira kududzira, kuongorora, uye maonero. Kunzwisisa kwenhoroondo kunoumba kuziva kweruzhinji, uye nekudaro zvematongerwo enyika nesarudzo sarudzo, hukama hwemagariro, uye kuwana zviwanikwa nemukana.
Nharaunda yevatema yeFiladelphia yakarwa kwenguva yakareba uye zvakaoma kuti chirangaridzo chitarise hupenyu hwevanhu vakaiswa muuranda paWhite House yekutanga senzira yekugadzirisa zvekare uye kugadzirisa zvazvino. Nepo huranda hwemutemo husisipo munyika ino, kusawirirana kwezvehupfumi nemagariro pakati pevachena nevanhu vane ruvara muUnited States kwave kuenderera mberi kwemakumi emakore, nekutariswa kushoma kubva kuWhite House kana Congress. Zvirokwazvo, chikamu chakakosha cherutsigiro rwevatema kuna Barack Obama chakavakirwa mukutenda kuti, sekutaura kwaakaita, achave mutungamiri kune vese vekuAmerica. Kunyange izvi zvaireva kuti haaizove (uye aisagona) kuve mutungamiri kune veAfrica America chete, zvaifanirawo kureva kuti zvido zvevatema hazvizoregeredzwa sezvo zvave zvichigara zvakadaro mukutonga kwakawanda. Mitemo inonyatso gadzirisa kukanganisa kwemagariro nehupfumi kune vanhu vatema vekuAmerica kwakakosha kuita sezvirongwa izvi zvakagadzirirwa kugadzirisa zvinodiwa nevakuru, vashandi vekumaruwa, kana vakadzi.
Kuvhurwa kwekuratidzira kwePresident House uye kufumurwa kwaro kwebasa reuranda mukuvambwa kwenyika inguva yakanaka yekufungisisa kwete nhoroondo yevatema vekuAmerica vachionana neWhite House nehutungamiriri, asiwo nezvenhoroondo yevatema vekuAmerica. redirection in public policy iyo inotanga kunyatsogadzirisa zvidikanwi zvakananga zvevanhu vatema, izvo zvisingazoitiki zvakakwana nehuwandu, humwe-humwe hunoenderana-vose.
Pamwe mukutaura kwake kusingakanganwike, kwaakapa muPhiladelphia panguva yemushandirapamwe muna 2008, uye hurukuro yake chete yeruzhinji yekutarisa nezve nhangemutange, Obama akati "[Race] inyaya yandinotenda kuti nyika ino haigone kufuratira izvozvi," vachidzosera kumashure. kune avo vanopokana kuti rusarura ganda harisisiri nyaya. Akaenderera mberi achiti, "[Isu] tinoda kuzviyeuchidza kuti misiyano yakawanda iripo munharaunda yeAfrica-America nhasi inogona kurondwa zvakananga kune kusaenzana kwakapfuudzwa kubva kuzvizvarwa zvakapfuura izvo zvakatambura pasi penhaka ine hutsinye yeuranda uye. Jim Crow."
Nhoroondo yeUS inodzidziswa-uye kazhinji, inodzidzwa-kuburikidza nemasefa. Muzvose kubva kumabhuku echikoro nemabhaisikopo kusvika kutsika dzinotaurwa, zviratidzo zvenhoroondo, nemamiziyamu, tinopihwa nhoroondo dzenhoroondo yenyika nekushanduka-shanduka. Kwezvizvarwa, nyaya dzine simba dzakasimbisa maonero anonyanya kukoshesa zviitiko, hupenyu, uye nyaya dzevane rombo, vachena vechirume vekuAmerica uye vanonyaradza manzwi evamwe. Zvave kuita sekunge vamwe vane kodzero yekumiririra nhoroondo uye vamwe vese havana. “Nhoroondo inogara ichinyorwa zvisiri izvo,” akadaro George Santayana, “saka nguva dzose inoda kunyorwazve.” Mutambo mutsva wePresident's House wakavhurwa muPhiladelphia svondo rino haunyori nhoroondo, asi pakupedzisira unosanganisa mazita, nyaya, uye kurwira rusununguko rwevanhu vekuAmerica avo kwenguva yakareba vakanyorwa kubva munhoroondo yenyika.
CLARENCE LUSANE ishamwari purofesa paAmerican University uye munyori webhuku idzva, Iyo Black History yeWhite House, ichangoburitswa muOpen Media Series kubva City Lights Books.