The Guardian's Jon Boone anonyora kubva kuKabul:
Vatungamiri veTaliban vachapihwa hutapwa pasi pechirongwa cherunyararo cheAfghanistan
KABUL, Chivabvu 5 - Vatungamiri vepamusoro veTaliban vanogona kupihwa hutapwa kunze kweAfghanistan kana vakabvuma kumira kurwisa hurumende yaHamid Karzai, chirongwa cherunyararo chakatarisirwa nehurumende yeAfghan chinozoparura gare gare mwedzi uno.
Zvikumbiro zvinosvika kure, zvakaonekwa neGuardian, zvakare zvinodaidzira kuti "deradicalisation" makirasi evapanduki uye zviuru zvemabasa matsva emawoko akagadzirirwa varwi vetsoka vanoramba mhirizhonga.
Iyo yakanonoka kwenguva refu yeAfghan Runyararo uye Reintegration Chirongwa chabuda Karzai achigadzirira kuenda kuWashington kuhurukuro naBarack Obamaโฆ
Masimba ekuMadokero anogona kunge ari kufadzwa nedanho reruzivo nezve High Level Runyararo Council, iyo ichatora kubva kune ine mbiri ine mhirizhonga yakatungamira boka rinopomerwa mhosva yekudzorera varwi vakazotora zvombo zvakare.
Nekudaro, vamiriri vari kunetsekana kuti hurumende haina simba rekuita chirongwa chinodaidzira zviitiko zvakaoma mumisha inosvika zviuru zvinaโฆ
Kana vakabvuma kuisa maoko avo pasi nekucheka hukama neal-Qaida vanozopihwa kuregererwa pamhosva ipi neipi yavangave vakapara. Vachapihwawo biometric "rentegration card". Vanozopihwa โmenuโ yezvisarudzo zvakagadzirirwa kuti vagare vaine runyararo, kusanganisira kudzidziswa mabasa emaoko akadai sekuruka kapeti nekusona. โฆ
Nekure sarudzo ine gakava isarudzo yevaimbova vapanduki kuti vapinde muuto reAfghan kana mapurisa. โฆ (batanidzo)
Pane chokwadi chinhu chimwe chisipo kubva muchirongwa cherunyararo, zvirinani sekutsanangurwa kwazvakaitwa muGuardian. Hapana kutaurwa kunoitwa nezvechido chepakati cheTaliban, kubviswa kwemauto ekunze kubva kuAfghanistan. Nekudaro, chirongwa ichi hachiratidzike sechinodzivirira chero mhedzisiro pamubvunzo iwoyo, asi inongopadivi-nhanho pairi. Kunyange ichiita senge ichivharira zvimwe zvabuda (semuenzaniso kugovana masimba nevatungamiriri veTaliban), zvinoita sekunge ichisiya chimiro chemauto ekunze chakavhurika. Zvichida, saka, chirongwa ichi chinotorwa sekutanga kwenhaurirano iyo inogona kugadzirisa iwo mubvunzo wepakati.
Zvakare muGuardian, mutori wenhau Jonathan Steele ane mushumo unonakidza wakatarisana nemafungiro evakadzi kunhaurirano neTaliban. Chinyorwa chinoburitsa zvimwe zvisingawanzo kukurukurwa nezveTaliban, sekuti hutungamiriri hweTaliban hwakabvumidza vakadzi kuti vadzidze mushonga panguva yekutonga kwavo muma1990.
Afghanistan: inguva yekutaura neTaliban?
Jonathan Steele - Guardian - Chivabvu 4... Pamwe zvinotonyanya kushamisa ndezvokuti, kunyangwe pakati peboka diki diki revakadzi vekuAfghanistan asi vakatsunga, pfungwa yekuita chibvumirano nevarume vakanyanya kuchengetedza vakavamanikidza kupinda mumaburkas uye kuvanyima kodzero yekushanda kunze kwemba haichisiri inotukwa. Chishuvo chikuru chorugare itiro hanya huru pamusoro pekodzero dzavanhu. โฆ
Ini ndaive mumwe wevashoma vatori venhau muKabul sezvo maTaliban akatsvaira kubva kuKandahar kuti atore kutonga kweguta guru reAfghan muna 1996, zvichiita kuti mauto emujahideen asiyane nekupikisa ndokutiza. Kuchinja kwakangoerekana kwaita munhu wese akashamisika, asi mhomho yakabuda kuzoona marori eTaliban aitinhira mumigwagwa ainyanya kutsigira. โฆ
[E] kunyangwe hudzvanyiriri hwaikura vakadzi vaingogona kunzwikwa vachitaura kuti kuchengetedzwa kutsva kwemhuri yavo kubva kumabhomba ehondo yevagari uye rocket-fire kwakaita kuti zvikoshese.
Yakafanana Calculus yechengetedzo-yakatarisana nekodzero iri kubuda zvakare izvozvi. Makore matatu apfuura, pandakanga ndiri wekupedzisira muKabul uye maTaliban vakanga vachangotanga kudzoka kwavo munhandare yehondo, kuvakunda ndiyo yaive izwi remazuva. Pakave nekushanduka kwe tectonic mune veruzhinji mamiriro eAfghanistan kubva ipapo. Kunokurudzirwa nezvinhu zvakawanda: kuodzwa mwoyo kuri kukura nehurumende dzokumadokero uye kusashanda kwemabhiriyoni emadhora muyamuro inoratidzika kuva isingaendi kupi zvako kunze kwokungopinda mumaakaundi okubhangi evanachipangamazano vokune dzimwe nyika kana kuti vezvematongerwe enyika vomunzvimbomo; pfungwa yokuti hapagoni kuva nemhinduro yehondo kuhondo itsva yavagari vemo uye kuti vokunze vari kuirebesa namaune; kusuwa uye kuora mwoyo pamusoro pehuwandu hwevanhu vanofa, vazhinji vachikonzerwa nehondo dzeUnited States; kukwira kwehasha dzerudzi uye kunzwa kwekunyadziswa; uye chishuwo chekudzokera kuchibvumirano cheAfghan umo maAfghan vanogadzira nzvimbo yavo uye vowana mhinduro dzavo. Kupopotedzana kwaKarzai kuchangobva kuitika kuAmerica nevamwe vatorwa hakuna kukanganisa. Vanoratidza chimiro chakabatikana.
Kwemasikati maviri, ndinogara pasi tichinwa tii neboka revakadzi vatanhatu nyanzvi. Kana paine anofanirwa kufungira maTaliban, angave vakadzi vakadzidza seava. Mukusiyana-siyana vese vanofarira nhaurirano. Kunyangwe vasingade kuti mazita avo ashandiswe, saka ndichavazivisa nemabhii A kusvika F.
A iPashtun, dzinza rakakura kwazvo reAfghanistan uye iro rinobva kune anenge maTaliban ese. Akange atove mupoteri muPakistan pakatora chigaro cheTaliban, akatiza muna 1993 panguva yehondo yevagari vemo. Akangodzokera kuKabul mushure mekunge maTaliban akundwa.
B, uyo aivawo muPashtun, aigara pasi pekutonga kweTaliban. Anonzwa kuti US, Pakistan nevamwe vatorwa vari kushandura hondo uye kunyange kuve nemutungamiriri weTaliban, Mullah Omar, ari pasi pesimba ravo. Ini ndinosangana neiyi pfungwa yeTaliban sezvidhori, kunyangwe vakabatwa, muhurukuro dzakawanda nevarume veAfghan pamwe nevakadzi.
"Icho chikonzero chekuti vatorwa vatore Afghanistan uye vagare pano," anodaro A. "Ndosaka hondo ichienderera mberi. Haisi hondo yekurwisana neTaliban. Ihondo yezvinangwa zvavo."
B anoti hutongi hweTaliban hwaive nemativi akanaka pamwe neasina kunaka. Semukadzi waisagona basa, "asi dai waifamba mumugwagwa hapana aikwanisa kukubira. Tainzwa takachengeteka kudarika iko zvino, kana pave nemasecurity ese aya nevamwe vanhu vane pfuti vanogona kubvuta mukadzi chero nguva. nguva." โฆ
F, muTajik, anoti aona nhengo dzeTaliban dzichizviratidza sevenyika kupfuura maIslamist mazuva ano. โฆ
Anders Fรคnge, mutungamiri wenyika weSweden Committee yeAfghanistan, sangano guru rerubatsiro, apedza makore anosvika makumi maviri ari munyika iyi, achishandawo semutori wenhau uye mukuru weUN. MaTaliban haafanire kunge akafananidzirwa mumashoko matema-ne-chena akashandiswa naBush naBlair, anodaro. Munguva yavo yekutonga vaiwanzofuratira "zvikoro zvekumba" zvakangwara uko vadzidzisi vaidzidzisa vasikana mumafurati evanhu kana makomisheni emhuri. โMuna 20 gavhuna weTaliban we[guta riri pakati peAfghan] Ghazni akandiudza kuti, โTinoziva kuti une zvikoro zvevasikana izvi, asi usangondiudza nezvazvo.โ Mumwe mushumiri weTaliban akatouya kwandiri akati, โNdava vanasikana vaviri. Mungavapinza here?'โ anoyeuka kudaro.
Mafungiro akafanana aripo nhasi, anodaro. MuWardak, dunhu riri padyo neKabul iro rinopokana zvakanyanya nemauto eTaliban neNato, "hatina dambudziko rakawanda neTaliban," anodaro Fรคnge. "Vanobvuma zvikoro zvevasikana uye vanachiremba vakadzi. Vanongokumbira maawa maviri ezvidzidzo zveIslam muzvikoro, kuti vadzidzisi vanokura ndebvu uye vasaparadzira propaganda pamusoro peTaliban. "
Dambudziko rinobva kune vekunze maTaliban, maPakistani nemaArabu, kana maTaliban anobva kune mamwe matunhu. "Panzvimbo yenzvimbo, ibasa, mifananidzo yevakuru venzvimbo, vanogona kuona Mullah Omar semutungamiri wavo wemweya asi asiri pasi pake," anowedzera.
Mapoinzi aFรคnge anotsigira nyaya iyi, isingawanzo kutaurwa nevezvematongerwo enyika vekumadokero, kuti Taliban conservatism inosiyana nenyika yese mudhigirii, kwete mumhando. Afghanistan inharaunda yekumaruwa umo kudzvanyirirwa kwevakadzi kwakadzika. Kunyangwe mumisha inogarwa neTajik, Hazara neUzbek, vakadzi vekuAfghan vanogara vachirambidzwa nevarume kana vanababa kusiya makomboni emhuri, uye vasikana vanorambidzwa kuenda kuchikoro, sekureva kwevatori venhau veAfghan.
โฆ Arsalan Rahmani akanga ari mutevedzeri wegurukota redzidzo yepamusoro uye akazova gurukota rezveIslam muhurumende yeTaliban. Makore mana apfuura Karzai akamukoka kuti adzokere kuKabul ndokumuita seneta. Anogamuchira maTaliban akaita tambo yekukanganisa. "Vakanga vasina manejimendi akanaka, vaive vadiki, vasina nyanzvi, vanachiremba, uye vasingakwanisi kuita hushumiri. Mukuru wangu aive mukomana we25, aisakwanisa kusaina tsamba yepamutemo."
Anotsanangura mishumo yezvirambidzo padzidzo yevasikana uye vakadzi kunyimwa mukana wekushanda semanyepo. "Iyoyo yakanga isiri pfungwa yavo, panguva iyoyo kana ikozvino. Hatina kurega vasikana kuenda kuchikoro nekuda kwekushaya kuchengeteka. Pakave nehondo. Asi ikozvino kuPakistan, vasikana veTaliban vanoenda kuchikoro nekuyunivhesiti. Mwanakomana wangu ari mudzidzi. chiremba uye ndinoda kuti aroore chiremba wechikadzi. Ndine vanasikana vatatu. Munguva yeTaliban vakanga vari kuPakistan uye vose vakadzidza ikoko."
Anoenderera mberi achitaura nyaya isingadaviriki. "Pandakanga ndiri mutevedzeri wegurukota redzidzo yepamusoro, vanhu vakauya kwandiri vachiti vane vasikana vakanga vapedza chikoro uye vaida kudzidza nezvemishonga. Ndakabvunza Mullah Omar uye akatipa mvumo yekuisa makamuri muchipatara chepakati cheKabul, icho chave kunzi Daoud. Khan Hospital, uko madzimai aidzidzira kuva chiremba, vanosvika 1,200 XNUMX vakapedza zvidzidzo zvavo, uye mukavaronda munoona siginicha yangu pazvitupa zvemadhigirii avo,โ anodaro.
Ini handina nguva yekutevera zano rake asi ndinotsvaga Shukria Barakzai, mukadzi akazvimirira MP akagara muAfghanistan mukati mehutongi hweSoviet, hutongi hwemakore mana nemauto emujahideen, uye nguva yeTaliban. Anosimbisa nyaya yeseneta.
Kufanana nevakawanda vakadzidza Kabulis, anotsoropodza varwi vehondo zvakasimba seTaliban (panguva yekurwisana kwevakuru vehondo akarasikirwa nemwanakomana nemwanasikana). Iyewo anofarira hurukuro neTaliban. "Ndakachinja maonero angu makore matatu apfuura pandakaona kuti Afghanistan yave yega. Hazvirevi kuti nyika dzepasi rose hadzititsigire. Ivo havatinzwisisi. Munhu wose anga achiedza kuuraya Taliban asi nanhasi. ikoko, vakasimba kupfuura nakare kose.Ivo chikamu chevanhu vedu.Vane pfungwa dzakasiyana asi sevanhu vezvematongerwo enyika tinofanira kubvuma izvozvo.Hondo yese inofanira kupera nehurukuro nenhaurirano.MaAfghan vanoda runyararo semhepo.Vanhu vanoda kuchengetedza misha yavo mhirizhonga uye vanobhomba vanhu vakazviuraya."
Mafungiro ake akasununguka kune veTaliban anobva, muchidimbu, kubva mukuvimba kuti havagone kuhwina zvakare. "Havasisina tsigiro uye mukurumbira wavaive nawo kumashure. Taliban ipfungwa. Haisisiri simba rakabatana, "anodaro. โฆ (batanidzo)
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
dhoneta