O matou, o anthropologists ua sainia i lalo, o loʻo faʻasalalauina lenei talosaga e faʻaalia ai lo matou teteʻe i le faʻaauau pea o le solia e Isaraelu o aia tatau a Palesitina, e aofia ai le pulega a le militeri a Isaraelu i le Gaza Strip, West Bank, ma Ierusalema i Sasaʻe, ma ia faʻatamaʻitaʻi aʻoaʻoga a Isaraelu o loʻo faʻalavelave i totonu. nei soliga.
O le osofaʻiga a le militeri talu ai nei i le Gaza Strip e Isaraelu ua naʻo se faʻamanatuga lata mai e faapea o malo o le lalolagi ma faʻasalalauga faʻasalalau e le faʻamaonia Isaraelu mo ana soliga o tulafono faʻavaomalo. I le avea ai ma se nuu o tagata atamamai o e suesue i faafitauli o le pule, sauaga, ma le pule faaleaganuu, ua ia i tatou se tiutetauave tau amio e tautala atu ai ma talosagaina le tali atu mai ia Isaraelu ma o tatou lava malo. O le galulue fa'atasi ma sosaiete fa'ale-malo Palesitina o lo'o fa'aauauina ai se tu ma aga fa'apulepulega o le lagolagoina o tauiviga a le malo ma aia tatau a tagata, o ia lava o se alu'ese taua mai le feso'ota'iga fa'asolopito o tala fa'asolopito ma colonialism. E pei ona faataatia i le American Anthropological Association (AAA)'s 1999 Tautinoga ile Antropology ma Aia Tatau a Tagata, “Anthropology e avea o se galuega e tuuto atu i le faalauiloaina ma le puipuia o aia tatau a tagata ma tagata i soo se mea i le atoatoaga o lo latou tagata soifua… Pe a teena pe faatagaina e soo se aganuu po o se sosaiete le faafitia o sea avanoa i soo se tasi o ona lava tagata po o isi. , o le AAA o loʻo i ai se tiute faʻamataʻu e tetee ma teteʻe atu i ia faʻatauvaʻa."
O lo'o fa'atumauina e Isaraelu se fa'alavelave fa'asolitulafono i luga o le Gaza Strip mo le fitu tausaga, ma matua fa'atapula'aina ai femalagaiga o tagata ma oloa i totonu ma fafo atu o le teritori. O Palesitina o loʻo faʻaumatia foʻi o latou fanua ma mea e ola ai i le itu i Sisifo o Sisifo, lea o le vavaeeseina o Isaraelu e taofia ai le saolotoga o Palesitina e feoai ma aʻoaʻoga. O nei soliga ma isi soliga faifai pea o le a faʻaauau pea seivagana ua gaoioi tagata i le lalolagi i mea ua le manuia ai a latou malo.
I le avea ai ma tagata faigaluega i faʻalapotopotoga o aʻoaʻoga maualuluga, ua ia i matou se tiute faʻapitoa e teteʻe atu i le lautele ma le faʻatulagaina o soliga o le aia tatau i aʻoaʻoga maualuluga a Palesitina i itu uma e lua o le Green Line. I nai masina talu ai nei, na osofa'ia ai e 'au a Isaraelu le Iunivesite o Al Quds i Ierusalema, le Arab American University i Jenin, ma le Iunivesite o Birzeit e latalata i Ramallah. I le osofaʻiga i lenei taumafanafana, na faʻaumatia ai e Isaraelu le tele o le Iunivesite Islam o Kasa. E masani lava, o le setete o Isaraelu e faʻailoga tagata i tamaiti aʻoga Palesitina i iunivesite a Isaraelu ma faʻateʻaina aʻoaʻoga Palesitina e, faatasi ai ma isi togafiti, puipuia tagata aʻoga mai fafo mai le asiasi atu i faʻalapotopotoga Palesitina i Kasa ma le Faletupe i Sisifo. Ua tatou popole foi i le talafaasolopito umi o le faoa faamalosi o faamaumauga a Palesitina ma le faaleagaina o faletusi ma nofoaga autu o suesuega.
a'oa'oga a Isaraelu e manino faatasi ai ma le nofoia ma le sauaina o Palesitina. O le Iunivesite o Tel Aviv, le Iunivesite Eperu o Ierusalema, le Iunivesite o Bar Ilan, le Iunivesite o Haifa, Technion, ma le Iunivesite o Ben Gurion ua faalauiloa faalauaitele la latou lagolago e le faatuaoia mo le militeri a Isaraelu. E le gata i lea, e iai sootaga vavalalata i le va o faʻalapotopotoga faʻapitoa a Isaraelu ma le militeli, saogalemu, ma faʻalapotopotoga faʻapolokiki i Isaraelu. Ae na o le tasi le faʻataʻitaʻiga: O le Iunivesite o Tel Aviv o loʻo aʻafia saʻo, e ala i lana Inisetiute mo Suʻesuʻega Puipuiga a le Atunuʻu (INSS), i le atinaʻeina o le Dahiya Doctrine, na faʻaaogaina e le militeri a Isaraelu i ana osofaʻiga i Lepanona i le 2006 ma luga o Kasa i lenei taumafanafana. O le Aoaoga Faavae a Dahiya fautuaina le tele o le faʻaleagaina o atinaʻe lautele ma le "mafatiaga ogaoga" i le va o tagata lautele o se "aoga" o lona uiga e faʻatoʻilaloina soʻo se tetee.
I le avea ai ma anthropologists, matou te lagona le faʻamalosia e auai i aʻoaʻoga i le salafa o le lalolagi o loʻo lagolagoina le valaau Palesitina e faʻateʻaina aʻoga aʻoaʻoga a Isaraelu. O lenei valaau o se vaega o se talosaga umi a Palesitina sosaiete sosaiete faʻalapotopotoga mo le faʻatinoina atoatoa o boycotts, divestments, ma faʻasalaga (BDS) o Isaraelu, ma o loʻo lagolagoina e le Palestinian Federation of Unions of University Professors and Employees (PFUUPE).
I le tali atu i le valaau a Palesitina, matou te saili e faataitai le mea ua taʻua e le AAA o se "faʻaaogaina anthropology" lea "ua tuuto atu i le lagolagoina o suiga faʻaagafesootai taumafaiga e tulaʻi mai i fegalegaleaiga i le va o sini faʻalapotopotoga ma suʻesuʻega anthropological." O suʻesuʻega a le Anthropological ua faʻamalamalamaina ai aafiaga faʻaleagaina o le galuega a Isaraelu i le sosaiete Palesitina. Ma ua valaau le nuu Palesitina mo le aʻoaʻoina o Isaraelu e avea o se laasaga talafeagai e faʻamautinoa ai aia a Palesitina, e aofia ai le aia tatau i aʻoaʻoga.
E tusa ai ma nei mataupu faavae e lagolagoina ai aia tatau ma faamasinoga tonu, o tagata suʻesuʻe i le lalolagi e tutoatasi ma e ala i le AAA ua latou faia ni tulaga malolosi i le tele o mataupu: apartheid i Aferika i Saute, Namibia, ma Burundi; sauaga fa'asaga i tagata lautele i Yugoslavia ma Pakisitana; sauaga fa'asaga i tagatanu'u ma tagata to'alaiti i Chile, Pasila, ma Bulgaria; le fa'aaogaina o sauaga; le osofaiga a Pinochet i Chile; ma le fa'aaoga sese o le poto fa'aletagata i le US Army's Faiga o Eleele a Tagata. I le avea ai o se faʻalapotopotoga, sa auai foʻi le AAA i tamaʻitaʻi i le tele o taimi: o le polokalame Fulbright-Chile i le 1975; o le Setete o Ilinoi i le 1999; o le filifili faletalimalo Hilton i le 2004; o Coca-Cola i le 2006; ma o le Setete o Arizona i 2010.
O le fa'atama'ita'ia o a'oga fa'aa'oa'oga a Isaraelu e matua'i fa'atasi lava ma nei gaioiga muamua. O la matou filifiliga i le taimi nei e sainia o ni tagata taʻitoʻatasi i le boycott aʻoaʻoga o loʻo faʻatusalia ai se faʻamaoniga mautu ma faʻaiʻuga o la matou tautinoga o ni tagata suʻesuʻe i le tauiviga a tagata Palesitina.
I le mulimuli ai i tulagavae o le faʻatupulaia o numera o faʻalapotopotoga faʻaleaʻoaʻoga a Amerika o loʻo faʻamaonia iʻuga o le boycott, matou te valaʻau atu i a matou paaga a le anthropologist e faʻatamaʻia aʻoga aʻoaʻoga a Isaraelu. Talu ai ona o le tele o tausaga o fegalegaleaiga, felagolagomai ma le galulue faatasi ma faʻalapotopotoga a Isaraelu e leʻi maua ai le femalamalamaaʻi poʻo le taofia o galuega a le militeri ma ona soliga, matou te talitonu o lenei boycott e naʻo le pau lea o le le faʻaleagaina o le faʻamalosi e mafai ona faʻamalosia Isaraelu e valaʻau - ma galue. mo - suiga anoa e mafai ona taitai atu ai i se filemu amiotonu. Palesitina e tatau ona saoloto e auai i iunivesite, i Palesitina ma faavaomalo, i le saogalemu. E tatau ona latou maua se poto masani tau aʻoaʻoga manuia, faʻatasi, faʻapitoa. E tatau ona latou saoloto e feiloai ma aʻoaʻo mai tagata atamamai mai le lalolagi atoa.
Matou te tautino atu e le galulue faatasi i galuega faatino ma mea e tutupu e aofia ai aʻoaʻoga a Isaraelu, aua le aʻoaʻo pe auai i konafesi ma isi faʻalapotopotoga i ia faʻalapotopotoga, ma e le faʻasalalau i tusi talaaga faʻaleaʻoaʻoga e faavae i Isaraelu. Matou te valaʻau mo le faia o lea mea seʻia oʻo i le taimi e faʻamutaina ai e nei faʻalapotopotoga a latou faʻalavelave i le solia o aia tatau a Palesitina e pei ona faʻamaonia i tulafono faavaomalo, ma faʻaaloalo i aia tatau atoatoa a Palesitina e ala i le valaau atu ia Isaraelu e:
- Fa'ai'u lona vagaia o Kasa, o lona nofoia ma le nofoia o nu'u uma o Arapi na nofoia ia Iuni 1967, ma talepeina nofoaga ma pa;
- Iloaina aia tatau a tagata Arapi-Palesitia o Isaraelu ma Negev Bedouins e leai ni setete i le tutusa atoatoa; ma
- Faʻaaloalo, puipuia, ma faʻalauiloaina aia tatau a tagata sulufaʻi Palesitina e toe foʻi atu i o latou fale ma meatotino e pei ona faʻamaonia i le UN Resolution 194.
le faamaoni lava,
Nahla Abdo, Iunivesite o Carleton
Nadia Abu El-Haj, Columbia University
Lila Abu-Lughod, Columbia University
Fida Adely, Iunivesite o Georgetown
Asad Ahmed, Iunivesite o Harvard
Ananthakrishnan Aiyer, Iunivesite o Michigan-Flint
Nadje Al-Ali, Aoga a Sasae ma Aferika Suesuega
Diana Allan, Iunivesite o Cornell
Lori Allen, Aoga a Sasae ma Aferika Suesuega
Mark Anderson, UC Santa Cruz
Walter Armbrust, Iunivesite o Oxford
Talal Asad, CUNY Graduate Center
Barbara Aswad, Iunivesite a le Setete o Wayne
Mariam Banahi, Iunivesite o Johns Hopkins
Lesley Bartlett, Iunivesite o Wisconsin
Debbora Battaglia, Kolisi o Mt. Holyoke
Iosua Bell
Hugo Benavides, Iunivesite o Fordham
Victoria Bernal, UC Irvine
Tom Boellstorff, UC Irvine
John Borneman, Iunivesite o Princeton
Philippe Bourgois, Iunivesite o Penisilevania
Glenn Bowman, Iunivesite o Kent
Karen Brodkin, UCLA
Kevin Caffrey, Iunivesite o Harvard
Steven Caton, Iunivesite o Harvard
Jessica Cattelino, UCLA
Sharad Chari, Iunivesite o Witwatersrand (Afelika i Saute)
Dawn Chatty, Iunivesite o Oxford
Nancy N. Chen, UC Santa Cruz
David Chicoine, Louisiana State University
Julie Chu, Iunivesite o Chicago
Francis Cody, Iunivesite o Toronto
Karen Coelho, Madras Insitute of Development Studies
Jean Comaroff, Iunivesite o Harvard
John Comaroff, Iunivesite o Harvard
Nicholas Copeland, Virginia Tech
Jane Cowan, Iunivesite o Sussex
Rochelle Davis, Iunivesite o Georgetown
Anouk de Koning, Radboud University Nijmegen
Marisol de la Cadena, UC Davis
Erin Debenport, Iunivesite o Niu Mekisiko
Lara Deeb, Kolisi Scripps
Michael Dietler, Iunivesite o Chicago
Chris Dole, Kolisi o Amherst
Donald L. Donham, UC Davis
Narges Erami, Iunivesite o Yale
Arturo Escobar, UNC Chapel Hill
Elizabeth Faier, Iunivesite a le Setete o Wayne
Randa Farah, Iunivesite o Western Ontario
James C. Faris, Iunivesite o Connecticut
Tessa Farmer, Whittier College
Ilana Feldman, George Washington University
Mayanthi Fernando, UC Santa Cruz
Les Field, Iunivesite o Niu Mekisiko
Rowan Flad, Iunivesite o Harvard
Andrew Gardner, Iunivesite o Puget Sound
Hildred Geertz, Princeton
Farha Ghannam, Swarthmore
Lesley Gill, Iunivesite o Vanderbilt
Gaston Gordillo, Iunivesite o British Columbia
Sarah R. Graff, Iunivesite a le Setete o Arizona
Linda Green, Iunivesite o Arizona
Steven Gregory, Iunivesite o Columbia
Nina Gren, Iunivesite o Lund
Zareena Grewal, Iunivesite o Yale
Akhil Gupta, UCLA
Sherine Hafez, UC Riverside
Ghassan Hage, Iunivesite o Melepone
Sondra Hale, UCLA
Sherine Hamdy, Iunivesite Brown
Rema Hammami, Iunivesite o Bir Zeit
Abdellah Hammoudi, Iunivesite o Princeton
Clara Han, Iunivesite o Johns Hopkins
Richard Handler, Iunivesite o Virginia
Jamil Hanifi, Iunivesite a le Setete o Michigan
Deborah Heath, Lewis ma Clark
Mary Hegland, Iunivesite o Santa Clara
Stefan Helmreich, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Sarah Hill, Iunivesite o Michigan i Sisifo
Charles Hirschkind, UC Berkeley
Engseng Ho, Iunivesite o Duke
Katherine Hoffman, Iunivesite i Matusisifo
Matthew Hull, Iunivesite o Michigan
Farhana Ibrahim, IIT Delhi
Amrita Ibrahim
Islah Jad, Iunivesite o Bir Zeit
Barbara Rose Johnston, Nofoaga Autu mo Political Ecology
Carla Jones, Iunivesite o Colorado i Boulder
Suad Iosefa, UC Davis
Ann M. Kakaliouras, Whittier College
Vinay Kamat, Iunivesite o British Columbia
Rhoda Kanaaneh, Columbia University
Sohini Kar, London School of Economics
Kēhaulani Kauanui, Iunivesite Uesiliana
Tobias Kelly, Iunivesite o Edinburgh
Lamya Khalidi, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (Farani)
Naveeda Khan, Iunivesite o Johns Hopkins
Eleana Kim, UC Irvine
Laurie King, Iunivesite o Georgetown
Philip L. Kohl, Kolisi a Ueleele
Dorinne Kondo, Iunivesite o Kalefonia i Saute
Nikolas Kosmatopoulos, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne
Corinne Kratz, Iunivesite o Emory
Petra Kuppinger, Kolisi Monmouth
Chris Kuzawa, Iunivesite i Matusisifo
Roger Lancaster, Iunivesite o George Mason
Barbara Larson, Iunivesite o New Hampshire
Richard Borshay Lee, Iunivesite o Toronto
Winnie Lem, Iunivesite o Trent
Robert Leopold
Krista Lewis, Iunivesite o Arkansas
Tania Li, Iunivesite o Toronto
Anders Linde-Laursen, Iunivesite o Michigan i Sasaʻe
Ralph Litzinger, Iunivesite o Duke
Margaret Lock, Iunivesite o McGill
Jeffrey C. Long, Iunivesite o Niu Mekisiko
Catherine Lutz, Iunivesite Brown
Sarah Lyon, Iunivesite o Kentucky
Peter Magee, Bryn Mawr
Pardis Mahdavi, Kolisi o Pomona
Saba Mahmood, UC Berkeley
Lilith Mahmud, UC Irvine
Sunaina Maira, UC Davis
Martin F. Manalansan IV, Iunivesite o Ilinoi, Urbana-Champaign
Paul Manning, Iunivesite o Trent
Setrag Manoukian, McGill University
Joe Masco, Iunivesite o Chicago
Kathryn Mathers, Iunivesite o Duke
Lorand Matory, Iunivesite o Duke
William Mazzarella, Iunivesite o Chicago
Carlota McAllister, Iunivesite o Ioka
David McMurray, Iunivesite a le Setete o Oregon
Anne Meneley, Iunivesite o Trent
Kalyani Menon, DePaul Iunivesite
Sofian Merabet, UT Austin
Brinkley Messick, Iunivesite o Columbia
Laurence Michalak, UC Berkeley
Flagg Miller, UC Davis
Ziba Mir-Hosseini, A'oga o Su'esu'ega i Sasa'e & Aferika
Amira Mittermaier, Iunivesite o Toronto
Lamia Moghnieh, Iunivesite o Michigan
Annelies Moors, Iunivesite o Amsterdam
Viranjini Munasinghe, Iunivesite o Cornell
Martha Mundy, London School of Economics
Donna Murdock, Iunivesite o Saute
Nadine Naber, Iunivesite o Ilinoi i Chicago
Diane M. Nelson, Iunivesite o Duke
Jan Nespor, Iunivesite a le Setete o Ohio
Fari Nzinga, New Orleans Museum of Art
Michelle Obeid, Manchester Iunivesite
Marcia Ochoa, UC Santa Cruz
Aihwa Ong, UC Berkeley
Sherry Ortner, UCLA
Arzoo Osanloo, Iunivesite o Uosigitone
Esra Özyürek, London School of Economics
Mark Padilla, Florida International University
Stefania Pandolfo, UC Berkeley
Ayşe Parla, Iunivesite o Sabancı
Heather Paxson, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Michael G. Peletz, Iunivesite o Emory
Michael Perez, Iunivesite o Uosigitone
Julie Peteet, Iunivesite o Louisville
Mark Peterson, Iunivesite o Miami, Ohio
Deborah Poole, Iunivesite o Johns Hopkins
Elliot Prasse-Freeman, Iunivesite o Yale
David H. Price, le Iunivesite o Saint Martin
Nicolas Puig, Institut de recherche mo le atinae
James Quesada, Iunivesite a le Setete o San Francisco
Lucinda Ramberg, Iunivesite o Cornell
Junaid Rana, Iunivesite o Ilinoi, Urbana-Champaign
Vyjayanthi V. Rao, A'oga Fou mo Su'esu'ega Fa'aagafesootai
Anupama Rao, Columbia University
Amal Rassam, CUNY Kuinise Kolisi
Gayatri Reddy, Iunivesite o Ilinoi i Chicago
François Richard, Iunivesite o Chicago
Mubbashir Rizvi, Iunivesite o Georgetown
Lisa Rofel, UC Santa Cruz
Kaifa Roland, Iunivesite o Colorado
Danilyn Rutherford, UC Santa Cruz
Moain Sadeq, Iunivesite o Qatar
Christa Salamandra, Lehman College CUNY
Ruba Saleh, A'oga o Su'esu'ega i Sasa'e & Aferika
Elaine Salo, Iunivesite o Delaware
Aseel Sawalha, Iunivesite o Fordham
Rosemary Sayigh
Kirsten Scheid, Iunivesite Amerika o Beirut
Samuli Schielke, Zentrum Moderner Orient (Berlin)
Daniel Segal, Kolisi Pitzer
Noa Shaindlinger, Iunivesite o Toronto
Sima Shakhsari, Wellesley College
Seteney Shami, Fono Arapi mo Social Sciences
Shalini Shankar, Iunivesite i Matu sisifo
Jonathan Shannon, Kolisi Hunter
Aradhana Sharma, Iunivesite Uesiliana
Kim Shively, Iunivesite o Kutztown
David Shorter, UCLA
Gerald Sider, CUNY Graduate Center
Audra Simpson, Columbia Iunivesite
Susan Slyomovics, UCLA
Llyn Smith, Iunivesite a le Setete o Humboldt
Gavin Smith, Iunivesite o Toronto
Claudio Sopranzetti, Iunivesite o Oxford
Emilio Spadola, Iunivesite o Colgate
Judith Stevenson, CSU Long Beach
Ann Laura Stoler, A'oga Fou mo Su'esu'ega Fa'aagafesootai
Ian Straughn, Iunivesite Brown
Ajantha Subramanian, Iunivesite o Harvard
Mayssun Succarie, Iunivesite Brown
Richard Tapper, Aoga a Sasae ma Aferika Suesuega
Mick Taussig, Columbia University
Lucien Taylor, Iunivesite o Harvard
Susan Terrio, Iunivesite o Georgetown
Sitara Thobani, Iunivesite o Oxford
Miriam Ticktin, A'oga Fou mo Su'esu'ega Fa'aagafesootai
Anna Tsing, UC Santa Cruz
Gina Ulysse, Iunivesite Uesiliana
Gary Urton, Iunivesite o Harvard
Bregje van Eekelen, Iunivesite o Erasmus
Kamala Visweswaran, UT Austin
Neha Vora, Kolisi o Lafayette
Christine Wally, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Shannon Walsh, Iunivesite a le Aai o Hong Kong
Margot Weiss, Iunivesite Uesiliana
Harvey Weiss, Iunivesite o Yale
Paige West, Columbia University
Mark Westmoreland, Iunivesite o Stockholm
Livia Wick, Iunivesite Amerika o Beirut
Jessica Winegar, Iunivesite i Matu sisifo
Lisa Wynn, Iunivesite o Macquarie
Angela Zito, Iunivesite o Niu Ioka
E le gata i lea, e 46 tagata atamamai ua filifili e sainia lenei faʻamatalaga e aunoa ma le iloa. E aofia ai a itiiti mai:
30 faia'oga e le'i galue
5 tagata fa'au'u fa'ailoga
5 tamaiti aoga faauu
O le ZNetwork o loʻo faʻatupeina naʻo le agalelei o ana tagata faitau.
lafo
1 manatu
fa'afefea ona fa'aopoopo lo'u igoa i lea fa'amoemoe taua? Pe na'o le fa'aopoopo nei, fa'amolemole
Edward C Green, PhD, Faatonu,
Le New Paradigm Fund,
2807 38th St. NW, Washington DC 20007
http://www.newparadigmfund.org/