Ziwonetsero zomwe sizinachitikepo kale zayamba m'mizinda ingapo yaku China chifukwa chotsatira mfundo za Purezidenti Xi Jinping.Covid ndondomeko, zomwe zapangitsa kuti pakhale kutsekeka kwakukulu m'dziko lonselo. Ziwonetserozi zidayambitsidwa ndi moto wakupha Lachinayi panyumba ina ku Urumqi, likulu la Xinjiang, komwe komweko. Covid malamulo akuti alepheretsa ozimitsa moto kufika kwa anthu omwe atsekeredwa. Izi zikubwera pomwe mazana a ogwira ntchito ku fakitale yayikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi ya iPhone, Foxconn, adakangana sabata yatha ndi apolisi paziletso zomwe zakakamiza antchito ambiri kukhala pafakitale. "China tsopano kwa zaka zitatu yawona kutsekeka komwe sikungatheke," akutero katswiri wa zantchito ku Cornell, Eli Friedman, yemwe amatcha zionetsero za anthu amitundu yosiyanasiyana kuti "ndizotsutsana ndi kuyang'anira." Friedman akuti ngakhale China ikukakamiza dzikolo Covid zoletsa, mabungwe apamwamba aku US ngati Apple ndi Tesla akukhudzidwa ndi kusungitsa kasamalidwe kotsekeka ku Foxconn ndi opanga ena aku China.
Zinalembedwa
AMY GOODMAN: Zionetsero zabuka ku Beijing, ku Shanghai, ku Wuhan, ku Guangzhou ndi mizinda ina yaku China chifukwa cha ziro zolimba za China.Covid ndondomeko. Ziwonetserozi zidayambitsidwa ndi moto wakupha Lachinayi panyumba ina ku Urumqi, likulu lachigawo chakumadzulo kwa Xinjiang. Pali malipoti akumaloko Covid-Ma protocol a 19 adalepheretsa ozimitsa moto kuti afikire anthu omwe atsekeredwa mnyumba yoyaka moto, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti anthu osachepera 10 aphedwe, kuphatikiza ana.
Lachisanu, khamu la anthu linapita mโmisewu ku Urumqi. Zionetserozo zidafalikira kumizinda ina yayikulu ndi masukulu, kuphatikiza Yunivesite ya Tsinghua ku Beijing, komwe mtsogoleri waku China Xi Jinping adaphunzira. Ambiri mwa ochita ziwonetserowo adanyamula mapepala oyera opanda kanthu. Mwamuna wina ku Beijing adauza a Reuters, "Pepala loyera likuyimira zonse zomwe tikufuna kunena koma zomwe sitinganene." Anthu ochita ziwonetsero ati apolisi ku Shanghai ayamba kumanga anthu omwe adachita nawo ziwonetserozo.
WOPHUNZITSA: [kumasulira] Ku Shanghai, anthu ambiri amangidwa kale, osati usiku watha. Anachita izi kwa aliyense, kwa anthu onse, kuti anyamata obweretsa katundu asatsekeredwe m'nyumba zawo, kuti aliyense athe kulandira mankhwala ndi chakudya. Tiyenera kuwathandiza anthuwa. Amasuleni anthu aku Shanghai.
AMY GOODMAN: Lamlungu, apolisi ku Shanghai adagwira BBC mtolankhani Ed Lawrence pomwe amalemba za zionetsero. Anasungidwa kwa maola ambiri. The BBC akuti adamenyedwa ndikumenyedwa ndi apolisi.
Ziwonetsero ku China zikuwonetsa zovuta zomwe sizinachitikepo kwa Xi Jinping.Covid ndondomeko, zomwe zapangitsa kuti kutsekeka kwakukulu ku China. Sabata yatha, mazana a ogwira ntchito ku fakitale yayikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi ya iPhone adakangana ndi apolisi aku China Covid zoletsa, zomwe zakakamiza antchito ambiri kukhala pafakitale ya Foxconn. Makanema omwe adatumizidwa pazama TV akuwonetsa ogwira ntchito akuphulitsidwa ndi utsi wokhetsa misozi ndikumenyedwa kunja kwa fakitale. M'mbuyomu lero, China idalengeza kuti ithandiza ena Covid zoletsa koma adatsimikizira zero-Covid Njira.
Zionetsero zimabwera ngati Covid milandu yakwera kwambiri ku China. Panali matenda opitilira 40,000 omwe adanenedwa Lamlungu, kuchuluka kwa tsiku limodzi. Pa mliri wonse, China yanena zochepa kwambiri Covid milandu ndi imfa kuposa United States ndi mayiko ena. United States pakadali pano ikujambula pafupifupi milandu 42,000 patsiku. Chiyambireni mliriwu, US yalemba pafupifupi 1.1 miliyoni Covid imfa. Mtsogoleri waku China Covid Chiwerengero cha anthu omwe amafa ndi opitilira 5,000. Sabata yatha, China idalemba koyamba Covid imfa m'miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.
Kuti tilankhule zambiri za zionetsero ku China, taphatikizidwa ndi Eli Friedman. Ndi pulofesa wothandizana nawo komanso wapampando wapadziko lonse lapansi komanso wofananiza ku yunivesite ya Cornell. Iye ndiye wolemba Kukhazikika Kwamatauni kwa Anthu: Ndale Zachitukuko, Malonda Ogwira Ntchito, ndi Maphunziro mu Mzinda wa China. Ndiwonso mkonzi wa buku latsopanoli Funso la China: Kumanzere Kumanzere. Zake zaposachedwa nkhani pakuti Ndemanga ya Ntchito yaku Asia imatchedwa "Kuthawa Kwakukulu kwa Foxconn."
Pulofesa Friedman, zikomo kwambiri chifukwa chokhala nafe. Tiyeni tiyambe ndikulankhula za kuwukira kumeneku masiku angapo apitawa ku Beijing, likulu lazachuma ku Shanghai, ku Urumqi ndi malo ena. Tanthauzo la izi?
ELI FRIEMAN: Chabwino, zikomo chifukwa chokhala nane, Amy.
Izi ndi zofunika kwambiri pazifukwa zingapo. Ndi gulu lalikulu kwambiri la zionetsero zomwe Xi Jinping adakumana nazo pazaka 10 kuyambira pomwe adatenga ulamuliro. Panali zionetsero zomwe mwina zinali zazikulu mu 2012, atangotsala pang'ono kulamulira, zomwe zinali zotsutsana ndi Japan pazilumba zina zotsutsana, koma sitinawonepo izi. Ndipo pali zinthu ziwiri zofunika kwambiri pa izi.
Choyamba ndi chakuti ndi dziko lonse. Chifukwa chake, monga tamva, zionetserozi zikuwonekera m'mizinda m'dziko lonselo, kuyambira kumadzulo mpaka kugombe lakum'mawa komwe kuli anthu ambiri, ndipo ndizachilendo kwambiri ku China. Tikuwona ziwonetsero zakumaloko, zazing'ono, koma dziko lonselo silinachitikepo.
Chinthu china chimene ndikuona kuti nโchofunika kwambiri, ndipo mwina chodetsa nkhawa kwambiri akuluakulu aboma nโchakuti aphatikiza gulu la anthu osiyanasiyana. Tikuwona mgwirizano wamagulu osiyanasiyana. Mwatchulapo antchito ku Foxconn, ndiyeno tili ndi ophunzira ku Tsinghua, yunivesite yapamwamba kwambiri, ophunziranso ku yunivesite ya Peking. Tikuwona anthu apakati ku Shanghai. Ilinso gulu lamitundu yosiyanasiyana, ndipo ndikuganiza kuti silinayamikilidwe mokwanira. Mfundo yakuti uku ndikuyankhira moto umene unachitika ku Urumqi ndi wofunika kwambiri, chifukwa cha chikhalidwe cha kuponderezedwa, kuyang'anitsitsa, kumangidwa kwa anthu ambiri omwe achitika kwa ochepa achi Muslim kumeneko. Ndipo kotero, iyi ndi imodzi mwa nthawi zoyamba zomwe tawonapo mitundu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana yolimbikitsa anthu. Chifukwa chake, pazifukwa zonsezi, zimabweretsa zovuta zazikulu.
AMY GOODMAN: Kotero, inde, mukukamba za Uyghurs ku Xinjiang, ndiye chikhulupiliro, kaya chiri chowona kapena ayi, kuti ozimitsa moto - tsopano kanema watuluka pa malo ochezera a pa Intaneti a magalimoto oyaka moto akuyesera kupita ku nyumbayo kumene moto anali. Koma kuti anthu amvetse momwe izi zimakhalira zovuta Covid kusweka kwakhala, ndakhala ndikulankhula ndi anthu omwe ali ndi mabanja ku China, ndikulankhula za, monse, kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe sangathe kusuntha. Bambo wina wazaka 80 wa mumzinda umene anthu sakuganiziridwa kuti ndi wankhanza, wakhala akuyesedwa maulendo XNUMX mโmwezi umodzi. Mukapita munjanji yapansi panthaka, khadi lanu lizindikira ngati - awona komwe mudali, ndiye ngati wina magalimoto anayi atsika ali ndi chiyembekezo. Covid, nonse mudzatsekeredwa kulikonse kumene mungakhale. Choncho, kambiranani zomwe otsutsawo akunena. Adzakhalanso achipongwe kwambiri ndikunena zinthu monga "Kusokoneza kwambiri, kuyesa kochulukirapo."
ELI FRIEMAN: Ndikuganiza kuti ndizovuta kwambiri kuti anthu akunja kwa China amvetsetse kukula kwa zotsekera. Kwa ife ku United States, tikamaganizira za nthawi imeneyo, mawu oti, "Lockdown" m'chaka cha 2020, sanakakamizidwe mwamphamvu. Anthu ambiri ankathabe kuchoka mโnyumba zawo. China tsopano kwa zaka zitatu yawona kutsekeka komwe sikungatheke, nthawi zina nyumba zikukhala zokhoma. Anthu ena anena kuti zitseko zawo zanyumba zawo zatsekedwa ndi unyolo kuti asachoke. Kotero kwenikweni ndi mtundu wa kumanga nyumba.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zili zofunika kwambiri, ndipo tikhoza kulowa muzomwe zimayambitsa izi, koma ndikuganiza kuti tiyeneranso kulingalira za izi ngati gulu lotsutsana ndi kuyang'anira. Pazaka zitatu zapitazi, boma lakhazikitsa njira yowunikira komanso yosokoneza kwambiri kudzera mudongosolo lazaumoyo. Ndipo chifukwa chake, monga momwe mumanenera, ngati mutakhala kuti mumalumikizana naye, kuyandikira pafupi kapenanso winanso, wa munthu yemwe pambuyo pake adapezeka kuti ali ndi kachilomboka, ndiye kuti nambala yanu yaumoyo imasanduka yofiyira. Ngati malamulo anu azaumoyo asanduka ofiira, ndiye kuti simukuloledwa kuchoka m'nyumba mwanu mpaka mutakhala ndi mayesero angapo olakwika. Izi, ndithudi, zikhoza kusokoneza kwambiri miyoyo ya anthu.
Chifukwa chake, momwe umalowerera m'miyoyo ya anthu, momwe umasokoneza machitidwe a anthu, momwe umasokonezera moyo wawo - ndipo ili ndi vuto makamaka kwa anthu ogwira ntchito, kwa ogwira ntchito osakhazikika omwe amayenera kukhala kunja ndikukhala kunja. pafupifupi mumzinda komanso omwe si antchito oyera okha omwe amatha kuyimba foni ya Zoom ndikugwira ntchito kunyumba - zakhala ndi zotsatirapo zazikulu kwa anthu. Ndipo kachiwiri, taganizirani kuti izi zakhala zikuchitika kwa zaka zitatu. Mukudziwa, zimakhudza kwambiri, ndikuganiza, paumoyo wa anthu. Tawona kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa zovuta zamaganizidwe, kudzipha, nkhanza zapakhomo.
Ndipo mfundo imodzi yokha yomaliza pa izi, boma la China, komanso anthu mokulirapo, adachita ntchito yabwino yolimbikitsa ndikuphwanyadi kachilomboka mu 2020. Koma palinso zotsatira zina zosawerengeka, ndipo zakhala zovuta kwambiri kuti anthu azitha kupeza chithandizo chamankhwala kwa omwe sali.Covid- mavuto okhudzana. Chifukwa chake, ngati mutsekeredwa, ndipo pakhala pali zochitika pambuyo pake - mukudziwa, mudakhala ndi amayi apakati omwe apita padera. Muli ndi anthu omwe sanathe kupeza dialysis chifukwa code yawo sangawalole kupita kuchipatala. Pali zotulukapo zenizeni zathanzi zomwe zimabwera chifukwa chakuchulukira kwa kutsekeka uku, komanso, pazonseziCovid- zinthu zogwirizana.
AMY GOODMAN: Ndipo, zowona, anthu omwe sangathe kupeza insulini ndi mankhwala ena. Tsopano, Pulofesa Friedman, pepala loyera lomwe likuimitsidwa, lankhulani za kufunikira kwa izi.
ELI FRIEMAN: Inde. Chabwino, ndizosangalatsa kwambiri kuwona momwe izi zidakhalira. Ichi chinali china chake, ndikuganiza, kuti anthu akulozera gulu lomwe lidatuluka ku Hong Kong mchaka cha 2019, kaya akuchita mwachidziwitso kapena ayi. Ichi ndi china chake chomwe chidawonekera ku Hong Kong, ndipo izi zili mumkhalidwe womwe censorship ikuchulukirachulukira. Zachidziwikire, intaneti yaku China imawunikidwa mozama pazinthu zomwe boma likuwona kuti sizoyenera. Chifukwa chake, chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe anthu akhala akuchita pa intaneti ndikungobwereza mawu awa. Iwo amati, โChabwino, chabwino, chabwino.โ Mukudziwa, izi ndi zinthu zomwe simungathe kuziletsa.
Ndipo pepala loyera ndi chizindikiro china cha izo. Muzochitika zomwe simungathe kunena kalikonse, mumangogwira pepalalo, ndipo ndi njira yotsutsa. Ndikuganiza kuti pepala loyera ndilosangalatsa kwambiri. Ndizofunikira - ndi mtundu wosiyana kwambiri wofunikira kuposa womwe unayambika mu zipolowe za Foxconn, zomwe, ndithudi, zinali zochokera kuntchito. Ndizosiyana ndi chitetezo chamoto ndi zinthu zaumoyo. Ili ndiye funso lokhudza ufulu wolankhula ndi kuwunika. Ndipo ndikuganiza kuti sizodabwitsa, chifukwa chake, zapeza ndalama zambiri pakati pa ophunzira, pakati pa aluntha komanso anthu apakati m'mizinda ikuluikulu yakum'mawa. Chifukwa chake, mukudziwa, ndizotsegukiranso kutanthauzira. Ndikutsimikiza kuti anthu ena ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yotanthauzira. Koma ndi mtundu wa kukana pamene mitundu yonse ya zolankhulidwa zikhoza kukhala zolakwa.
AMY GOODMAN: Ndipo, ndikutanthauza kuti, munyimbo ya dziko la China muli ndi mawu onena za kugwetsa ukapolo, ndipo mwabwerezanso izi m'malo osiyanasiyana, vuto lake - nkhani imeneyi. Fotokozani tanthauzo la izi ndi momwe izi ziliri tsopano, inde, zoyambitsidwa Covid ndondomeko koma kupita ku vuto la Xi Jinping lomwe silinawonekere.
ELI FRIEMAN: Chabwino, ndicho chinthu choyamba chomwe chiyenera kutsindika, ndi mtundu uwu wotsutsa mwachindunji ku mphamvu za Xi, ndipo ngakhale ku mphamvu ya Mphamvu ya Chikomyunizimu, sitinawone nkomwe m'zaka zaposachedwa. Panali chochitika ichi chisanachitike 20th Party Congress koyambirira kwa kugwa uku, munthu uyu ku Sitong Bridge yemwe adayitana - yemwe adapempha Xi Jinping kuti atule pansi udindo. Ndiyeno, masiku angapo apitawo, chinachake chimene sichikanatheka kuchilingalira, munali ndi anthu mโmisewu ya Shanghai akuti, โPansi ndi Xi Jinping, ndi kutsika ndi Chipani cha Chikomyunizimu.โ Mukudziwa, kotero ndiko kusintha kwakukulu, ndikuganiza, kuchokera komwe takhala takhala.
Pankhani ya funso laukapolo, mukudziwa, ndikuganiza kuti chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zidadziwika, makamaka kuti anthu aku China apakati a Han adabwerera ku Shanghai Lockdown, yomwe inali Epulo watha, inalidi mphamvu yosayendetsedwa ndi boma. Tsopano, mphamvu ya boma yoyang'anira, kupondereza ndi kudyera masuku pamutu, ndikuganiza, yadziwika kale ndi anthu ambiri ku China, ndi ogwira ntchito othawa kwawo omwe amachokera kumidzi kupita kumizinda omwe alibe ufulu, ndithudi mwa mafuko. ochepa, a Uyghurs, a Tibetan. Izi ndi zomwe akudziwa. Panthawi yotseka ku Shanghai ndipo, ndikuganiza, m'miyezi ingapo yapitayi, anthu ena adazindikira kuti palibe cheke pa mphamvu za boma, ndikuti ngati boma likufuna kukutsekerani mnyumba mwanu mpaka atakuuzani ' ali omasuka kupita, ali ndi kuthekera kochita zimenezo. Ndipo ndikuganiza kwa anthu, makamaka kwa achinyamata omwe adakula, mukudziwa, popanda kusowa kwakuthupi komwe makolo awo angakhale nako, izi ziridi - izi zakhala zodabwitsa. Ndipo ndaziwona ndekha ndi ophunzira anga ambiri ndi abwenzi omwe ndili nawo ku China, komanso. Choncho, eya.
AMY GOODMAN: Pulofesa Friedman, potsiriza, mudatchula Foxconn. Ndikutanthauza, tikulankhula za fakitale yayikulu kwambiri ya iPhone padziko lapansi. Kodi tikunena za anthu masauzande mazanamazana amene amagwira ntchito kumeneko? Ndipo fotokozani momwe izi zakhaliranso chipwirikiti ndi kusokonekera komweko ndi zomwe zidachitika.
ELI FRIEMAN: Inde, gawo la Foxconn ndilofunika kwambiri. Mukudziwa, ndine katswiri wa zantchito komanso wolimbikira ntchito, ndipo ndikukhulupirira kuti izi sizifafanizidwa m'nkhani ya zomwe zikuchitika, chifukwa chinali chothandizira kwambiri paziwonetsero zonse zomwe tikuwona m'dziko lonselo.
Ndizofunikiranso chifukwa zomwe Foxconn ikuwonetsa ndikuti pomwe zero-Covid ndondomeko ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi boma la China, Xi Jinping mwiniwakeyo amadziyang'anira yekha, kuti mabungwe onse amitundu yosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo mabungwe amtengo wapatali ku America, monga Apple ndi Tesla, akukhudzidwa ndi izi.
Chifukwa chake, zomwe achita - ndipo izi, ndikuganiza, zikuwonetsanso mtundu wamtundu wa zotsekera izi, zomwe anthu amakumana nazo mosiyana, anthu ogwira ntchito akhala akulamulidwa ndi zomwe zimatchedwa kuwongolera-loop. Ndipo izi zachitika ku Foxconn. Zinachitika kale ku Shanghai ku fakitale ya Tesla komanso kwa ogulitsa ena a Apple. Ogwira ntchito amapita kufakitale, ndipo saloledwa kuchoka mpaka atauzidwa kuti mliriwo ukutha. Nthawi zina ku Shanghai, anali atatsekedwa kwa masiku opitilira 70, akungogona pansi pashopu, otalikirana ndi madera awo, olekanitsidwa ndi anzawo.
Ndipo pankhani ya Foxconn, tidawona kale mu Okutobala kuti anthu akuikidwa kwaokha m'malo osatetezeka. Sanali kupatsidwa chithandizo chokwanira chamankhwala. Sanali kupatsidwa chakudya chokwanira. Ndipo kotero, zikwi za anthu angopulumuka. Anathamangira potuluka. Abwana awo sankawalola, choncho anangolumphadi mipanda. Ndiyeno, kenako, iwo anayesa kubweretsa anthu mkati. Iwo sanali kubwera za kuchuluka kwa ndalama zomwe iwo akanati alandire, kapena anayesa kubweza mmbuyo. Ndipo izi zidatsogolera ku izi - mwina kuwukira kofunikira kwambiri kwazaka 10 zapitazi, zochitika zachiwawa kwambiri.
Ndipo kotero, tanthauzo la izi ndikuti, mukudziwa, tikakhala ndi mtundu woterewu wotsutsa zero-Covid, inde, zikutsutsana ndi ndondomeko yeniyeni ya boma la China, koma mabungwe amtengo wapatali a America akukhudzidwa ndi izi. Ndipo kotero ndikuganiza kuti ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti ayankhe pa izi.
AMY GOODMAN: Eli Friedman, tikufuna kukuthokozani chifukwa chokhala nafe. Zachidziwikire, iyi ndi nkhani yomwe tipitiliza kuyifotokoza. pulofesa wothandizira ndi wapampando wa mayiko ndi ntchito zofananira pa yunivesite ya Cornell ku Ithaca, New York, wolemba Kukhazikika Kwamatauni kwa Anthu: Ndale Zachitukuko, Malonda Ogwira Ntchito, ndi Maphunziro mu Mzinda wa China, komanso co-editor wa Funso la China: Kumanzere Kumanzere. Tidzalumikizananso ndi anu nkhani pakuti Ndemanga ya Ntchito yaku Asia yotchedwa "Kuthawa Kwakukulu kwa Foxconn."
ZNetwork imalandira ndalama kudzera mu kuwolowa manja kwa owerenga ake.
Ndalama