Mawu Oyamba
Masabata atatu Israeli asanakhazikitse Operation Pillar of Defense pa November 14, ndinali m'gulu la nthumwi zamaphunziro paulendo waufupi wopita ku Gaza Strip pa October 18-22. Kwa ofalitsa ambiri, Okutobala inali nthawi "yabwinobwino", chifukwa zovuta zomwe anthu aku Gaza adakumana nazo sizodziwika ngati palibe mabomba anzeru otsogozedwa ndi laser a F-16. Kuti m'modzi kapena awiri a Gazan adaphedwa ndi oyang'anira asitikali aku Israeli kuyambira sabata imodzi mpaka mu Okutobala, chifukwa adaphwanya malire a kuzinga kwa Israeli, sanazindikire.
Koma izi ndi mfundo zamakhalidwe abwino zamawayilesi wamba, kutengera mphamvu ndi kunyalanyaza oponderezedwa. Njira imodzi yowonera chifunga chamalingaliro ndikukumana ndi "zabwinobwino" kuchokera pafupi. Mkati mwa Gaza Strip mu Okutobala, tidawona mwachindunji zotsatira zoyipa za zilango, kuzingidwa, kutsekedwa kwa nyanja komanso - makamaka - kuthamangitsidwa kwanthawi yayitali komwe Gaza adakumana nako kwazaka makumi angapo.
Pa Novembara 14, Purezidenti wa Israeli Shimon Peres adalongosola chifukwa chake Israeli idayambitsa Operation Pillar of Defense ponena kuti "kwa masiku asanu apitawa pakhala kuphulika kwa mizinga ku Israeli ndipo amayi ndi ana sangathe kugona mwakachetechete usiku." Poyankha chifundo cha mbali imodzi cha Bambo Peres: Ngati usiku wosagona wa amayi ndi ana aku Palestine amawerengeranso kanthu kena, kukhulupirika kumapereka ndondomeko yosiyana kwambiri.
Pa Novembara 5, mzika yaku Palestine wazaka 20, Ahmad al-Nabaheen, adawomberedwa ndi asitikali aku Israeli atayandikira malire mosadziwa. Pa Novembara 8, mnyamata wazaka 13 waku Palestine akusewera mpira pafupi ndi nyumba yake, Hamid Younis Abu Daqqa, adaphedwa ndi mfuti zamakina, mwina kuchokera ku helikopita za Israeli kapena akasinja omwe adawolokera kudera la Gaza. Pa Novembara 10, asitikali anayi aku Israeli (zolowera zovomerezeka) adavulala pomwe mzinga wotsutsana ndi tanki udawomberedwa poyang'anira mpanda wachitetezo kumpoto kwa Gaza Strip. Pa November 10, zipolopolo za tank ya Israeli zinapha anthu anayi a Palestina ndi kuvulaza 30 ku Gaza City moyenera; anayi anali Ahmad al-Dardasawi wazaka 18, Muhammad Hararah wazaka 17, ndi amuna awiri osadziwika omwe adamwalira pambuyo pa kuvulala komwe kudachitika. Ndipo kukwera kwa infernal kunapitilira.
M'nkhani ili m'munsiyi ndinasonkhanitsa zosiyana kuchokera nthawi zosiyanasiyana paulendo wathu wa October. Ndinalemba masiku angapo November 14 isanafike. "Chizoloลตezi" cha Gaza ndi chiwawa chokhalitsa chomwe zotsatira zake zimaposa, ndipo zimapangitsa kuti zisapeลตeke, mtundu wa ziwawa zophulika zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi Operation Pillar of Defense.
Kulakalaka Kuwona Dziko Lapansi - ndi Kubwerera Kwawo
"Zikadangomira mโNyanjaโ
- Malemu Prime Minister wa Israel Itzhak Rabin akunena za Gaza. [1]
1.
Ulendo wautali wagalimoto kuchokera ku Cairo udatenga maola opitilira sikisi. Kudutsa pamalire a Rafah kunali maola ena atatu akudikirira ndikukangana. Kumbali ina ya ku Igupto, anthu anali kukankhira mbali zonse, ambiri ali ndi masutukesi olemera ndi ana. Chisokonezochi sichinasokoneze akuluakulu akumalire aku Egypt omwe amangokhalira kuseketsa, osasamala kapena kunyalanyaza unyinji wa anthu otopa komanso opanda thandizo omwe amangokhalira kukankhira m'mphepete. Anthu amene anadandaula ankaoneka kuti anadikira kaye pangโono kuti adindidwe chidindo cha zikalata zoyendera maulendo awo nโkuvomerezedwa kuti awoloke.
Mtsinje wa Gaza wazunguliridwa ndi mbali zonse. Kutsekereza kwapamadzi kwa Israeli kumalepheretsa mayendedwe onse a anthu ndi katundu kuchokera kunyanja. Malire a dziko ndi Israyeli ndi osindikizidwa mwamphamvu. Rafah m'mphepete chakumwera kwa Strip ndi amodzi mwa malo awiri olowera / otuluka, ina ndi Erez m'mphepete kumpoto. Rafah ndiye njira yokhayo komanso yovuta yolowera ndi kutuluka, kudzera ku Egypt, kwa anthu ambiri aku Palestine. Israeli imayang'anira kuwoloka kwa Erez, kuyang'anira mosamalitsa kulowa kwa ogwira ntchito padziko lonse lapansi, atolankhani, komanso kutsagana kwa anthu aku Palestine.
Akuluakulu a ku Aigupto anandikakamiza kuti ndisakhale ndi a ayi (Khadi la ID la Gaza). Ndinaumirira kuti pasipoti yanga yaku US inali ID yanga yokhayo ndipo sindinanyamulepo chizindikiritso cha Gaza. "Koma dzina lako ndi dzina lachiarabu eti?" Amene ankandifunsayo sanali wotsimikiza. Inde, ndi choncho, koma sindine Gazan.โ Ingondichitirani monga mlendo wina aliyense, pulofesa wodzacheza ku yunivesite,โ ndinatero. Kuitanidwa kwanga kovomerezeka kuchokera ku Dipatimenti ya Masamu ku yunivesite ya Islamic sikunamukhutiritse. Lingaliro loipa kwambiri lobwerera ku Cairo linabwera mโmaganizo mwanga. Pomalizira pake anavomera pempho langa loti ndiitane mmodzi wa othandizira a Eyad Sarraj ku Gaza [2] (m'modzi mwa anthu angapo omwe adalembedwa mosamala m'chikwama changa aliyense ali ndi nambala yafoni), yemwe wakhala akutilangiza m'masiku oyambirira momwe tingakonzekere. za ulendo wopita ku Rafah. Izi zinkawoneka kuti zitsegula zinthu. Atakambirana mwachidule pafoni, anandilola kuwoloka.
Ndinkadziwa kuti anthu ambiri a ku Gaza adapeza mapasipoti aku North America ndi ku Europe kwa zaka zambiri, zomwe zimawathandiza kuti achoke ndi kubwerera ku Strip. Zomwe sindimadziwa, kapena kulephera kukumbukira, ndikuti anthu aku Gaza omwe ali ndi mapasipoti akunja amayenera kupanga ma ID a Gaza kuti adutse. M'malo mwake, alendo akunja amaloledwa kulowa, pokhapokha atayitanidwa ndi bungwe la Gaza kapena NGO yayikulu, komanso zisanachitike taniq (kugwirizanitsa) ndi kalata yotsimikizira izo ndi Aigupto mukhabarat. Kwa ine, dzina lachiarabu linandipangitsa ine kukayikira ndipo zinkawoneka kuti sizingandiyenerere kukhala mlendo wachilendo. Ndi kuitana kovomerezeka ndi a taniq kalata inali yopanda ntchito - mpaka ofesi ya Eyad Sarraj inandipembedzera.
Ndinali kuyenda ndi Noam Chomsky, yemwe anayenera kukhala wokamba nkhani pa msonkhano wa zinenero womwe unakonzedwa ndi Islamic University of Gaza. [3] Tinali mโgulu la magalimoto awiri amene ananyamuka ku Cairo mโmawa wa tsikulo. Galimoto yachiwiri kumbuyo kwathu inali minibus yobweretsa gulu la akatswiri a zinenero padziko lonse, lomwe linalimbikitsidwa ndi Hagit Borer miyezi ingapo kuti ipite ku msonkhano womwewo. Ndinali katswiri wa masamu mโgululi ndekha.
Kuchokera kumsonkhano wamaphunziro amderalo - pawokha njira yabwino komanso kutsimikizira kuti Gaza atha kukhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino ngakhale atalandidwa ndi kuzingidwa - msonkhanowu udakhala chochitika chapadziko lonse lapansi, pomwe Noam Chomsky ndi akatswiri ena azilankhulo ochokera kunja akuyenera kupezekapo. Mchitidwe wodziwikiratu wotsutsana ndi mgwirizano wapadziko lonse lapansi, uyenera kukwiyitsa onse ozunza a Gaza, kuyambira ndi boma la Israeli, monga momwe adafunira kulengeza zovuta za Gaza kudziko lakunja.
Titawoloka Rafah, panalinso ola linanso loyendetsa galimoto m'misewu yakuda, tisanafike kumalo athu omaliza (Mat'haf Hotel) kufupi ndi kumapeto kwa kumpoto kwa Strip. Panthawiyo kunja kunali kwakuda zedi. Panali nthaลตi yokwanira yosamba ndi kukonzekera phwando la chakudya chamadzulo cholemekeza ophunzira onse akunja odzacheza.
Koma mโchipinda changa cha hotelo, sindinkatha kutenga sopo wanga woti atulutse thovu, mosasamala kanthu za mmene ndinaupaka mโmadzi. Izinso ndimayenera kukumbukira, chifukwa nthawi zambiri ndinkawerenga za madzi ovuta ku Gaza - madzi omwe akhala akuchulukirachulukira ndi mchere woipa kwa zaka zambiri. Ndinabwera ndi sopo kuchokera ku Boston, koma madziwo anali olimba kwambiri moti anali ngati nkhuni yomata mโmanja mwanga. Muzimutsuka momwe ndingathere, ndinamvabe chinachake patsitsi langa. Mwachangu, ndinagwiritsa ntchito chopukutiracho kupukuta sopo wotsala kumaso ndi tsitsi langa.
Potuluka, ndinauza wolandira alendo kuhoteloyo mmene ndinavutikira ndi sopo. Ndinafunsa ngati ndingagule sopo wofewa kwinakwake pafupi. "Takulandirani ku Gaza!" iye anaseka. Ndinkaona ngati kankhosa kankhosa kakuda nkhawa ndi madzi ndi sopo pamene anali ndi vutolo kwa zaka zambiri. "Mukadakhala kuno mu 2008 ndi 2009, makamaka pambuyo pa kuukira kwa Israeli - sopo ndi china chilichonse chinali choyipa kwambiri," adatero.
Mwinamwake zinali zoipitsitsa mu 2009. Inde, ndithudi, mosakayikira zinthu ziri bwino pang'ono tsopano kuposa momwe zinaliri panthawi ya Israeli kuukira kwa Operation Cast Lead. Koma izi zikuphonya chithunzi chokulirapo ndikulozera ku vuto lalikulu pofotokoza momwe zinthu ziliri ku Gaza. Zinthu zili bwino kapena zoyipitsitsa pokhudzana ndi chiyani? Ndi nthawi yanji, zaka zitatu zapitazi kapena zaka makumi atatu zapitazi? Ndipo tsogolo la Gaza lidzakhala lotani?
2.
Sizitenga zambiri kuti tidziwe za momwe madzi alili ku Gaza Strip. Malipoti ambiri aperekedwa kwa zaka zambiri. Lipoti la Amnesty International la Okutobala 2009 likunena kuti:
Gwero lokhalo la madzi abwino ku Gaza ndi Coastal Aquifer, njira yodutsa malire yomwe imagawidwa ndi Israeli yomwe ikuyenda m'mphepete mwa nyanja mpaka ku Haifa. Aquifer yawonongeka kwambiri mpaka 95 peresenti ya madzi ochotsedwa osagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu okhala ndi ma nitrate ndi ma chloride owopsa, pamwamba pa malangizo a World Health Organisation, omwe angathe kukhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu chaumoyo kwa anthu 1.6 miliyoni aku Palestine okhala ku Gaza Strip. [4]
Lipotilo likuchenjeza mowopsa kuti Gaza akhoza kutha madzi abwino m'zaka khumi izi ngati palibe chomwe chingachitike kuti apeze njira zina. Zomwezi zikugwiranso ntchito kumadera ena azachuma ku Gazan.
Ngakhale kusintha kwakanthawi, chitukuko cha zachuma ku Gaza chidakalipobe kwakanthawi. Kukwera kwakanthawi kochepa komanso kulowetsedwa kwandalama kuchokera ku Turkey, Qatar, ndi ena opindula sangathe mwaokha kusintha zomwe zikuchitika. Kukula kozikidwa pa zachifundo kumakhala pachitukuko chabwino kwambiri komanso chosakhazikika pakapita nthawi. Chowonadi ndi chakuti Gaza sanasiyidwe mumkhalidwe wa kuchepa kwachitukuko, koma anachita dala de-developed, kugwiritsa ntchito mawu a Sara Roy, wofufuza wolemekezeka kwambiri pa Gaza pa yunivesite ya Harvard. [5] Kwa zaka makumi ndi zaka zapitazi, makampani aku Palestine asokonezedwa mwadongosolo mokomera makampani aku Israeli, kuphatikiza mafakitale (kapena chilichonse chomwe chili choyenera kutchulidwa) ku Gaza, komwe chuma chake chimayang'aniridwa ndi Israeli. Chodetsa nkhawa kwambiri ndi lipoti laposachedwa la UN, Gaza mu 2020, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti Gaza sidzakhalanso "malo okhalamo" mu 2020. [6]
Kumadzulo, zochitika za Gaza nthawi zambiri zimanyalanyazidwa kapena kupotozedwa. Ndipo kupotoza kungabwere m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Titha kusiya atolankhani ndi olemba omwe mwachidwi amanyalanyaza kapena kusisita zowona kukana kapena kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwachuma kwanthawi yayitali ku Gaza. Awa ndi mabodza amalipilo, zigawenga zobisa zinthu zonyansa.
Koma ena amapotoza chifukwa cha zolinga zabwino: Mukufuna kwawo kusonyeza kuti Hamas si zoipa zomwe nthawi zambiri zimawonetsedwa kumadzulo komanso kuti Ulamuliro wa Palestina wolamulidwa ndi Fatah ku Ramallah sakuyenera kupambana "mpikisano wa kukongola" wotsutsa. Hamas ku Gaza, amatchula zinthu zomwe sizikugwirizana nazo, kapena akugogomezera zochitika zachuma zanthawi yochepa (inde, zokondweretsadi pazovuta zonse) ndikunyalanyaza zochitika za nthawi yayitali (kachiwiri, ngati palibe chomwe chikuchitika kuti chiwasinthe). Nawa mawu omveka bwino, ochokera m'nkhani yaposachedwa yofuna kuwonetsa Gaza ngati chipwirikiti cha chiyembekezo:
[U] kusowa kwa ntchito m'zachuma zatsika kufika pa 29 peresenti, kutsika kwambiri m'zaka khumi ndi kuwongolera kwa maperesenti asanu ndi atatu pachaka. [7]
Chithunzi chokongola, chomwe chingasangalatse aliyense amene ali ndi chikumbumtima. Kusiyanitsa ndi lipoti la UN, pomwe kuchuluka kwa 29 peresenti komweko kumatchulidwanso, sikungakhale kokulirapo:
Kusowa ntchito ku Gaza kudayima pa 29% mu 2011 ndipo kwakula kuyambira pamenepo. Amayi ndi achinyamata amakhudzidwa makamaka: Chiwerengero cha kusowa kwa ntchito kwa amayi chinali 47% m'gawo loyamba la 2012, ndipo chinali 58% kwa anthu azaka zapakati pa 20 ndi 24. [8]
Izi siziwerengero za chuma chomwe chikuyenda bwino, koma chomwe chili pa chithandizo cha moyo, kapena pafupi nacho. Lipoti la UN, kusiyapo kukayikira kulikonse kumene tingakhale nako ponena za ilo, ndi lomvetsa chisoni mokwanira kutichenjeza za mkhalidwe watsoka zaka zingapo kuchokera tsopano, ngati chinachake sichinachitikepo kale.
3.
Akuluakulu a mโtauni ya Khan Younis, kumโmwera kwa Gaza Strip, anationetsa malo apafupi ndi malo ochotsa mchere mโthupi omwe ankamangidwa. Mgwirizano wa Oslo wa 1993 unafuna kumanga zomera ziwiri zomwe zimawoneka ngati mgwirizano, wina ku Israel ndi wina ku Gaza. Chimene chinamangidwa ku Israel, malo apamwamba kwambiri ochotsa mchere m'madzi a m'nyanja. Nyumba ya ku Palestina iyenera kumalizidwa ndipo imagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wotsika mtengo wochotsa mchere wamadzi apansi panthaka, zomwe zitha kuwopseza aquifer omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mopitilira muyeso komanso oipitsidwa kwambiri.
Madzulo a tsiku lomwelo, Noam Chomsky analankhula kuholo yodzaza ndi omvera achifundo pamsonkhano womwe unakonzedwa ndi TIDA, gulu lomenyera ufulu wa anthu lomwe linakhazikitsidwa ndikutsogozedwa ndi Eyad Sarraj. Noam adawunikira mfundo za US ku Middle East ndipo adafotokozanso zina zomwe tidaziwona m'mawa ku Khan Younis.
Mugawo la mafunso ndi mayankho pambuyo pa ulalikiwu, zidawoneka ngati zachilendo kumva munthu wodzipereka waku Britain pakati pawo akutenga Noam kuti achitepo kanthu pazomwe adafotokoza ngati Noam akutsutsa "dziko limodzi". Chifukwa cha kufulumira kwa kupulumuka ku Gaza yonse, "boma limodzi kapena mayiko awiri" zinkamveka zopanda pake komanso zopanda pake kwa ine, popanda zotsatira za momwe angathandizire anthu a Palestina kuthana ndi mavuto awo amkati ndi adani awo ambiri akunja. Yankho la Noam: "Sindikutsutsana ndi dongosolo la boma limodzi - makamaka zomwe ndimakonda ndikusankha kuti palibe boma - koma ndiuzeni momwe ndingafikire kumeneko. Palibenso njira ina yapakatikati yomwe ndikudziwa koma yothetsa mayiko awiri.โ
4.
Nditabwerera ku Boston, mnzanga adandifunsa, "Kodi mungatsimikizire kapena ayi malipoti odalirika pakukula kwachitukuko?" Mawuwo ankaoneka ngati osagwirizana. Ndizovuta kwambiri kugwirizanitsa chiyembekezo, kapena chitukuko cha mtundu uliwonse woyenera dzina, ndi zenizeni za Gaza. Ngakhale popanda mbiri yambiri ya mbiri ya malowa, 1948 isanayambe kapena itatha 1967 kapena isanafike XNUMX, wopenyerera woona mtima wotseguka, wopanda ndondomeko yokankhira (yamtundu wa "Gaza ikukula" kapena, kwinakwake. , โGaza akuyenera kulandira gawo lakeโ) adzathedwa nzeru.
Anthu a ku Gaza ambiri samachita nawo mbali yovutitsidwa, makamaka chifukwa cha mbiri yawo, koma mlendo wachifundo sangathawe kusakanikirana kwa mkwiyo ndi chisoni pokumana ndi kukambirana nawo. Amazifotokoza, zimamveka bwino, ndipo wina amagawana kumverera mwachangu - kuphatikizika ndi kulandiridwa mwachikondi, kukangana, ndi kukambirana pang'ono za nyengo ndi chakudya. Pali malo ochepa apakati, omwe amakhala makamaka ndi mabanja akale otsala a Gaza, koma ena onse ndi malo aakulu, osauka. Zisokonezo, zodzaza ndi anthu, zonunkhidwa ndi zinyalala zosathiridwa, zodzaza ndi misewu yamiphika ndi yafumbi, ndi zina zonse zomwe takhala tikuziwerenga kwa zaka zambiri, komabe zimakhala zodabwitsa kuzikumana nazo mwachindunji.
Chomwe chimachititsa chidwi kwambiri ku Gaza ndi kulimba mtima kwa anthu ake. Ndizosangalatsa - kwina kulikonse padziko lapansi, motsutsana ndi zovuta zazing'ono, mwina gwero la chiyembekezo - koma apa zikuwonetsa kutsimikiza mtima kwawo kupirira zovuta, kusunga malo awo ndi nyumba zawo zivute zitani, kupitirizabe ndi moyo wawo pamaso pa zovuta kwambiri ndipo, ndi zimenezo, kukumbatira mwachikondi chithandizo chamtundu uliwonse kapena mgwirizano wochokera kunja komwe kumawoneka kuti kuswa kudzipatula kwawo. Izi zinali zochitika nthawi zonse m'macheza, nthawi zina momveka bwino komanso nthawi zina kuganiza, ndi abwenzi kapena kukumana mwamwayi, ndi dalaivala wa yunivesite kapena aphunzitsi omwe akuchereza alendo, ndi wolandira alendo kuhotelo kapena ngakhale woperekera zakudya wopepesa m'mawa wina chifukwa maolivi akuda adawathera. kadzutsa.
Ayi, woperekera zakudyayo samandiuza kuti ku Gaza kulibe azitona wakuda. Kuti alipire, adandibweretseranso zipatso zina za azitona zobiriwira ndi zina zaatar. Koma, monga katundu wina wagawo ku Gaza, kusowa kwa azitona wakuda m'mawa womwewo kunawonetsa momwe zinthu zilili ndipo tidaseka moyipa.
Mosakayikira, pali ntchito zachuma, nthawi zina zochititsa chidwi kapena zowoneka bwino kwa munthu amene sakufuna kuziyika m'malo ozunguliridwa kwa nthawi yaitali, koma, pamapeto pake, iyi ndi ntchito yotsutsa ndi kuchepetsa zotsatira zoopsa zomwe bungwe la UN lanena kale. lipoti. Inde, izi siziri zotsatira zokonzedweratu, ndipo tonsefe timafuna kukana, kuyambira ndi anthu a Gaza okha ndi chithandizo cha abwenzi awo onse kunja ndi njira iliyonse yomwe ilipo.
Choncho amachita chilichonse chimene ali nacho. Inde, pali nyumba zomwe zikumangidwa, koma zina zambiri zatsala osamalizidwa ndi kusowa kwapamwamba kapena ngati mafupa opanda makoma. Inde, pali magetsi, koma amasokonezedwa nthawi zosiyanasiyana tsiku lililonse. Inde, mayunivesite akugwira ntchito, koma chiwerengero cha osiyira sukulu ndi chokwera, ndipo chokwera kwambiri pakati pa amuna kusiyana ndi akazi, chifukwa mwayi wopeza ntchito ndi wochepa (pafupi ndi ndil mu sayansi ya masamu, n'zosadabwitsa komanso monga momwe adafotokozera anzanga a masamu).
5.
Ophunzira anali kundizungulira pomaliza maphunziro anga mu Dipatimenti ya Masamu pa yunivesite ya Islamic. Iwo anali kupikisana ndi chidwi changa ndikuyesera kupeza mayankho awo kaye. Koma palibe funso - palibe limodzi mwa khumi ndi awiri - linali lokhudzana ndi zomwe ndidaphunzitsa. Mafunso onse anali okhudzana ndi chithandizo chomwe ndikanapereka ngati apempha kuti akapitirize maphunziro awo ku US kapena, ngati wina, ngati akufuna kujowina msuweni yemwe adakwanitsa kusamuka kudera la Detroit ku US. Ndinakhumudwa pang'ono, ndikudzifunsa ngati ndasokoneza mafotokozedwe anga a masamu. Koma kupulumuka ku Gaza kungakhale kovuta kwa achinyamata omwe akufuna kudziwa dziko lapansi. Masamu sanali ofunika kwambiri polankhula ndi mlendo wakunja.
Kusiyana kwa Yunivesite ya Cairo, kumene ndinali nditaphunzitsako masiku angapo mโmbuyomo, kunali koonekeratu ndi kophunzitsa. Ophunzira analinso omvera ndipo adandilandira bwino komanso mwansangala, momwe amachitira kwa mphunzitsi aliyense wa alendo kulikonse padziko lapansi. Koma, ku Cairo, mafunso awo anali okhudzana ndi zomwe ndidaphunzitsa - palibe ngakhale imodzi yomwe inali yokhudzana ndi kuthawa ku Egypt.
Malo otsekedwa, kumverera kwazunguliridwa ndikulephera kupita patali kwambiri, kuli ponseponse ku Gaza. Makampani osodza omwe adakhalapo kale komanso nyanja yotseguka yomwe imachirikiza, yomwe nthawi zonse imakhala gawo lachuma cha Gaza komanso chidziwitso m'mbuyomu, adabedwa kuchokera ku Gaza ndi anthu ake - mwadala komanso mosalekeza, kwa zaka ndi zaka zambiri, popanda aliyense kapena gulu lomwe lidabwerako. ku akaunti. Kutembenuzira msana ku zowawa zamkati, ndikuyang'ana ku Mediterranean ndi madzi ake onyezimira, kuyenera kukhala kuthawa kotonthoza, koma osati ku Gaza. M'maลตa pamene tikudya chakudya cham'maลตa ku hoteloyo tinangomva kulira kwa mfuti kuchokera kufupi ndi gombe. Izi sizinali ndodo za dynamite zomwe ana kapena anthu osauka adaphulitsa pansi pamadzi kuti atole nsomba zochuluka zododometsa, monga ndimaganizira poyamba, koma kulira kwamfuti kuchokera ku mabwato oyendera a Israeli kuchenjeza asodzi kuti asapitirire malire amtunda wa mailosi atatu. Mโmaลตa mwake titachoka ku Mzerewu, tinauzidwa kuti asodzi aลตiri amene anapitirira malirewo anaphedwa dzulo lake.
Ndinapanga ubwenzi ndi alonda aลตiri aja amene ankatitsatira kulikonse, akukwera nafe mโmagalimoto ndi ma minibasi kuchokera kumalo ena kupita kwina. Poyamba ndinkaganiza kuti ndi antchito a ku yunivesite. Pambuyo pake ndinapeza kuti ankagwira ntchito ku unduna wa zamkati wa Palestine, umene unawapatsa ntchito yotsagana ndi nthumwi zathu za ophunzira akunja. Ananena kuti ndinali kulakwitsa kuganiza kuti ndi mamembala a Hamas. Iwo adanenetsa kuti ndi antchito aboma odziyimira pawokha, ngakhale sanalankhule mawu oyamikira nduna yayikulu ya Hamas Ismail Haniyeh komanso kunyoza wamkulu wakale wachitetezo cha Fatah Mohammad Dahlan.
Anasangalala kukambirana nane mโChiarabu ndipo anazindikira katchulidwe kanga kuchokera kwinakwake kumpoto. Ndinawauza za kugwirizana kwanga ku Lebanon ndi Palestine, ndi maphunziro anga oyambirira ku Egypt. Kwa iwo, mwina ndinamveka ngati nthumwi yochokera kudziko lodabwitsa losafikirika, popeza ndinawapatsa nkhani zochititsa chidwi za Beirut, Cairo, ndi Alexandria. Boston ndi New York, kutali, anali mapulaneti osiyana. Iwo ankafunitsitsa kumva za malo akutali amenewa. Ndinawakakamiza, koma ndinamvanso chisoni kuti amangoganizira za mwayi wanga. Ngakhale kuti onse anabadwira ku Gaza, mmodzi anadzitchula kuti ndi wochokera ku Majdal (Ashkelon masiku ano Israeli, makilomita ochepa kumpoto kwa Gaza Strip) ndi wina kuchokera ku Beer al-Sab'e (Beer Sheba mu Israeli wamakono). Onse azaka zawo zakumapeto kwa 20 kapena koyambirira kwa 30, anali asanapondapo paliponse kunja kwa ma kilomita 140 a Strip.
Kutuluka ku Mzere kumalire a Rafah, ndikuwoloka ku Sinai lalikulu, kufananitsa ndi Egypt sikungalephereke. Mmodzi amachoka ku zisoni za Gaza ndi madera odetsa nkhawa kupita ku malo otseguka a Igupto, omwe amatambasula ma kilomita mazana ambiri mbali zonse ndipo amapezeka kwa aliyense. Egypt ili ndi gawo lake laumphawi, m'malo ena oipitsitsa kuposa chilichonse ku Gaza, koma osauka kwambiri ku Cairo amatha kuyenda pamtsinje wa Nile Corniche ndikusangalala ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba a mtsinjewo.
- November 5, 2012
zolemba
1. Amira Hass, Kumwa Nyanja ku Gaza, Usana ndi Usiku M'dziko Lozingidwa, Metropolitan Books, 1999, tsamba 9 .
2. Eyad Sarraj ndi katswiri wa zamaganizo wa ku Palestine wochokera ku Gaza komanso womenyera ufulu wa anthu kwa nthawi yaitali. Iye ndiye woyambitsa wa Dongosolo La Gaza Community Mental Health ndi TIDA, njira yopita patsogolo yoganizira za ufulu wa Palestine. Ofesi ya Eyad Sarraj inapereka uphungu ndi chidziwitso tisanayambe komanso paulendo wathu wopita ku Gaza.
3. Noam Chomsky analemba zina mwa zomwe adaziwona kwina, Mawonekedwe a GazaNovembala 4, 2012.
4. Amnesty International, Israel igawira anthu aku Palestine kuti amwe madzi, Okutobala 27, 2009.
5. Sara Roy, Gaza Strip, Economy Political of Development, Institute of Palestine Studies, 1995; Kulephera Mtendere, Gaza ndi Mikangano ya Palestine-Israel, Pluto Press, 2007; ndi Hamas ndi Civil Society ku Gaza, Princeton University Press, 2011.
6. Lipoti la United Nations Country Team kudera lolandidwa la Palestine, Gaza mu 2020: Malo okhalamo? 27 Ogasiti 2012.
7. Nicolas Pelham, "Gaza: A Way Out?" Kufufuza kwa Mabuku a New York, Blog, October 26, 2012.
8. Lipoti la United Nations Country Team kudera lolandidwa la Palestine, op. chit.
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