Mbiri yakale sipuma kwenikweni. Chochitika chilichonse cham'mbuyomu, ngakhale chopanda pake, chimamveka monsemo, ndipo, pang'onopang'ono, chimakhudza masiku ano, komanso tsogolo lathu.
The chithunzi chodabwitsa Matupi a abambo aku Salvador, Oscar Alberto Martinez Ramirez ndi mwana wake wamkazi, Valeria, omwe adatsukidwa m'mphepete mwa mtsinje kumalire a Mexico ndi US sitingamvetsetsedwe mosiyana ndi zakale zowawa za El Salvador.
Mikono ya Valeria inali idakali m'khosi mwa abambo ake, ngakhale onse atagona, nkhope yake pansi, atafa m'mbali mwa mtsinje wa Mexico, zomwe zidathetsa kukhumudwa kwawo, ndipo pamapeto pake, adalephera kuyesa kukafika ku US. Msungwana wamng'onoyo anali ndi miyezi 23 yokha.
Pambuyo pa kutulutsidwa kwa chithunzichi, zokambirana za atolankhani ndi ndale ku US zinayang'ana pang'ono pa nkhanza za utsogoleri wa a Donald Trump kwa anthu osamukira kumayiko ena. Kwa a Democrats, udali mwayi wopeza mfundo motsutsana ndi a Trump, kampeni isanayambike zisankho zapurezidenti. Achi Republican, mwachilengedwe, adapitiliza kudzitchinjiriza.
Kupatulapo njira zingapo zoulutsira nkhani, zochepa zomwe zanenedwapo za gawo la US pakufa kwa Oscar ndi Valeria, kuyambira ndi ndalama zake za "nkhondo yonyansa" ya El Salvador mu 1980s. Zotulukapo za nkhondo imeneyo zikupitirizabe kuwongolera masiku ano, motero tsogolo la dziko losauka la ku South America limenelo.
Oscar ndi Valeria anali kungothawa 'chiwawa' komanso nkhondo ya mankhwalas ku El Salvador, magwero ambiri a TV aku US adanenanso, koma sizinanene zambiri za thandizo la boma la US pa maulamuliro ankhanza a El Salvador m'mbuyomu pamene ankamenyana ndi zigawenga za Marxist. Zothandizira zambiri zankhondo zaku US zidatsanuliridwa kudziko lomwe likufunika mwachangu demokalase yeniyeni, ufulu wachibadwidwe wa anthu ndi zomangamanga zokhazikika zachuma.
Kalelo, dziko la United States โlidapitilirabe kukhala chete poyangโanizana ndi kuphwanyidwa kwa ufulu wa anthu ku El Salvador,โ analemba motero Raymond Bonner mโnyuzipepala. Nation. "Dipatimenti Yaboma ndi White House nthawi zambiri ankafuna kubisa nkhanzazo, kuteteza omwe adachita milandu yoyipa kwambiri."
Milandu imeneyi, kuphatikizapo kupha nyama ya anthu 700 osalakwa, ambiri a iwo ana, ndi gulu lankhondo la Atlacatl Battalion lophunzitsidwa ndi US m'mudzi wa El Mozote, kumpoto chakum'maลตa kwa dzikolo. Kuchoka ku El Salvador pakati pa ziwawa zopangana ndi zigawenga ndi momwe dziko lalephera, US idapitilira kugwiritsa ntchito dzikolo ngati chiwongolero cha mfundo zake zolakwika zakunja mpaka lero. Akazembe apamwamba aku US, monga Elliott Abraham, omwe adathandizira boma la Salvador mu 1980s. kupitiriza ndi ntchito yopambana yandale, yopanda chopinga.
Kumvetsetsa imfa yomvetsa chisoni ya Oscar ndi Valeria mwanjira ina iliyonse kungakhale kutanthauzira mopanda chilungamo kwa mbiri yakale.
Nkhani yaikulu yokhudzana ndi vuto la anthu othawa kwawo lomwe likukulirakulira padziko lonse lapansi lapangidwa ndi chinyengo ichi. M'malo mofufuza moona mtima magwero a vuto la othawa kwawo padziko lonse lapansi, ambiri aife nthawi zambiri timasiyana pakati pa kudzikondweretsa kwaumunthu, jingoism kapena kusasamala kwenikweni. Zili ngati nkhani ya Oscar ndi Valeria idayamba pomwe adaganiza zowoloka mtsinje pakati pa Mexico ndi US, osati zaka zambiri m'mbuyomo. Chilichonse chotheka chisanachitike chigamulocho chimachotsedwa mosavuta.
Ndale za mayiko ambiri padziko lonse lapansi zasintha chifukwa cha mkangano wokhudza anthu othawa kwawo, ngati kuti ufulu wachibadwidwe uyenera kukambirana. Ku Italy, nduna ya zamkati yomwe nthawi zonse imakhala ndi mwayi, Matteo Salvini, apanga bwino zokambirana zapadziko lonse kuzungulira othawa kwawo.
Monga andale ena aku Europe akumanja, Salvini akupitilizabe kusokoneza mantha ndi kusakhutira kwa anthu aku Italy pazachuma chawo poyambitsa mavuto onse adzikolo pankhani ya anthu othawa kwawo aku Africa komanso othawa kwawo. 52% ya anthu aku Italy Khulupirirani kuti othawa kwawo ndi othawa kwawo ndi katundu ku dziko lawo, malinga ndi kafukufuku waposachedwapa wa Pew Research Center.
Iwo omwe amatsatira malingaliro odzifunira a Salvini amachititsidwa khungu ndi zolankhula zakutali komanso kusadziwa kwenikweni. Kuti awonetse kutsimikiza uku, munthu amangofunika kupenda zenizeni za Kulowererapo kwa Italy ku Libya, monga gawo la nkhondo ya NATO mdzikolo mu Marichi 2011.
Mosakayikira, nkhondo ya Libya, idalungamitsidwa pamaziko a kutanthauzira kolakwika kwa Chisankho cha United Nations 1973, chinali chifukwa chachikulu chomwe chinachititsa kuti anthu ambiri othawa kwawo komanso osamukira ku Italy, apite ku Ulaya.
Malinga ndi Migration Policy Center, nkhondo ya 2011 isanachitike, "kusamukira kunja sikunali vuto kwa anthu aku Libya." Izi zidasintha, kutsatira nkhondo yakupha ya NATO ku Libya, yomwe idakankhira dzikolo kukhala mayiko olephera.
Pakati pa kuyamba kwa nkhondo pa Marichi 19 ndi Juni 8, 2011, anthu aku Libya 422,912 ndi 768,372 akunja. anathawa dzikolo, malinga ndi International Organisation of Migration (IOM). Ambiri mwa anthu othawa kwawowa anakafuna chitetezo ku Ulaya. Nkhani ya Salvini yolimbana ndi anthu othawa kwawo ilibe tanthauzo lililonse lochititsa manyazi, lodziimba mlandu.
M'malo mwake, chipani cha Lega cha Salvini chinali membala wa mgwirizano waku Italy womwe adatenga nawo mbali pankhondo ya NATO ku Libya. Sikuti Salvini akukana kuvomereza zomwe dziko lake likuchita polimbikitsa mavuto omwe akukumana nawo othawa kwawo, koma akuwonetsa ngati wothawa kwawo. 'mdani' mabungwe omwe si aboma omwe akugwira ntchito yopulumutsa anthu othawa kwawo komanso osamukira kunyanja ya Mediterranean.
Malinga ndi UN Regee Agency (UNHRC), ndi Akuti Anthu 2,275 adamira poyesa kuwolokera ku Europe mchaka cha 2018 chokha. Miyoyo yambiri yamtengo wapatali, monga ya Oscar ndi Valeria, ikadapulumutsidwa, NATO ikadapanda kulowererapo pofuna kupulumutsa miyoyo ku Libya mu 2011.
Malinga ndi UNHRC, pofika pa 19 June, 2019, padziko lonse pali anthu 70.8 miliyoni omwe athawa kwawo mokakamiza; mwa iwo, 41.3 miliyoni ndi anthu othawa kwawo, pamene 25.9 miliyoni ndi othawa kwawo omwe adadutsa malire a mayiko.
Komabe, ngakhale kuchuluka kwa anthu othawa kwawo, komanso malingaliro odziwikiratu pakati pa kulowerera ndale (monga ku El Salvador) ndi kulowererapo pankhondo (monga ku Libya), palibe boma lakumadzulo lomwe siliyenera kuvomereza zamakhalidwe aliwonse - osasiya malamulo - kuyankha kwa anthu ambiri. kuvutika kukuchitika.
Italy, France, Britain, ndi mamembala ena a NATO omwe adagwira nawo ntchito yophulitsa mabomba ku Libya mu 2013 ali ndi mlandu wowonjezera vuto la masiku ano la othawa kwawo panyanja ya Mediterranean. Momwemonso, 'zachiwawa' komanso nkhondo zachisawawa ku El Salvador ziyenera kuwonedwa mkati mwa ndale za kulowererapo kolakwika kwa America. Pakadapanda kulowererapo kwachiwawa chotere, Oscar, Valeria ndi mamiliyoni a anthu osalakwa akadakhala amoyo mpaka pano.
Ramzy Baroud ndi mtolankhani, wolemba komanso mkonzi wa Palestine Chronicle. Buku lake lomaliza ndi 'The Earth Earth: A Palestinian Story' (Pluto Press, London). Baroud ali ndi Ph.D. mu Palestine Studies kuchokera ku University of Exeter ndipo anali Wopanda Wokhalamo ku Orfalea Center for Global and International Studies, University of California Santa Barbara. Webusaiti yake ndi www.ramzybaroud.net
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