Kwa zaka zambiri, Washington idakhala ndi chizolowezi chogwiritsa ntchito Central Intelligence Agency ku maboma akuzama asanu ndi limodzi a anthu, ndi anthu, ndi anthu omwe sanamve kukoma kwawo ndikuyika maboma a [kutengani kusankha kwanu: asitikali. junta, shah, autocrat, wolamulira mwankhanza] padziko lonse lapansi. Panali chiwembu choyipa cha 1953 CIA- komanso chipwirikiti chopangidwa ndi Britain chomwe chidagwetsa boma la demokalase la Iran la Mohammad Mosadegh ndikuyika Shah (ndi apolisi ake achinsinsi, SAVAK) kuti azilamulira. Panali 1954 CIA yotsutsana ndi boma la Jacobo Arbenz ku Guatemala yomwe inaika ulamuliro wankhanza wa Carlos Castillo Armas; Panali kusuntha kwa CIA kupanga Ngo Dinh Diem kukhala mtsogoleri wa South Vietnam, komanso ku 1954, ndi chiwembu cha CIA-Belgium chofuna kupha nduna yoyamba yosankhidwa ku Congo, Patrice Lumumba, mu 1961 zomwe zinatsogolera, pamapeto pake, kwa asilikali. ulamuliro wankhanza wa Mobutu Sese Seko; panali 1964 CIA yothandizidwa ndi CIA ku Brazil yomwe inagwetsa pulezidenti wosankhidwa Jango Goulart ndikuyambitsa gulu lankhondo; ndipo, ndithudi, 9/11 yoyamba (September 11, 1973) pamene pulezidenti wosankhidwa mwa demokalase wa Socialist wa Chile, Salvador Allende, anagwetsedwa ndi kuphedwa m’gulu lankhondo lochirikizidwa ndi US. Chabwino, inu mukumvetsa lingaliro.
Mwanjira imeneyi, Washington mobwerezabwereza inachita chifuniro chake monga mtsogoleri wa dziko lomwe panthaŵiyo linkatchedwa “Dziko Laufulu.” Ngakhale izi zidachitika mwachinyengo, pomwe zidawululidwa, anthu aku America, onyada ndi miyambo yawo ya demokalase, nthawi zambiri sanadabwe ndi zomwe CIA idachita ku demokalase (ndi mitundu ina ya maboma) kunja kwa dzina lawo. Washington ikadapatsa mphamvu maulamuliro amtundu wina waku America mobwerezabwereza zikadakhala kuti sizovomerezeka kwa ife tokha, sichinali chinthu chomwe ambiri aife tidakhala nthawi yayitali tikudandaula za Cold War.
Osachepera izi zidakhalabe zobisika, mosakayikira zikuwonetsa kuti sizinthu zomwe muyenera kunyadira kuwulutsa masana. Komabe, kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la makumi awiri ndi chimodzi, malingaliro atsopano adawonekera. Pambuyo pa kuukira kwa 9/11, "boma limasintha” anakhala mawu za tsikuli. Monga kachitidwe, panalibenso chilichonse chobisika. M'malo mwake, ndondomekoyi inakambitsirana poyera ndipo inachitidwa mwachidwi chazofalitsa.
Washington sakanayikanso chiwembu cha CIA mumithunzi kuti ichotse maboma onyansa ndikuyika m'malo mwawo maiko osasinthika. M'malo mwake, monga "mphamvu zazikulu" za Planet Earth, ndi gulu lankhondo lomwe limakhulupirira kuti silingafanane kapena kutsutsa, olamulira a Bush anganene kuti ali ndi ufulu wochotsa maboma omwe amawanyoza mwachindunji, mosabisa, komanso poyera pogwiritsa ntchito gulu lankhondo. Pambuyo pake, olamulira a Obama atenganso chimodzimodzi pansi pa rubriki ya "kuthandiza anthu" kapena R2P ("udindo woteteza"). M'lingaliro limeneli, kusintha kwaulamuliro ndi R2P idzakhala yochepa kwa ufulu wa Washington kugonjetsa maboma tsiku lonse ndi mzinga wapamadzi, drone, ndi Apache helikopita, osatchula zankhondo, ngati pakufunika. (Iraki ya Saddam Hussein, idzakhala chiwonetsero A munjira iyi komanso Libya ya Muammar Gaddafi, chiwonetsero B.)
Ndili ndi mbiriyi m'maganizo komanso pambuyo pa zisankho zaposachedwa, funso lidabwera kwa ine posachedwa: Mu 2016, kodi anthu aku America adachoka ku CIA m'dzenje ndikutha kudzipangira okha zomwe Agency (ndipo posachedwa asitikali aku US) adachita kwa ena? Mwa kuyankhula kwina, mu chisankho chodabwitsa kwambiri m'moyo wathu, tangowonapo china chake ngati demokalase yoyenda pang'onopang'ono? coup d'état kapena mtundu wina wa kusintha kwa boma?
Nthawi yokhayo idzanena, koma chizindikiro chimodzi cha izi: kwa nthawi yoyamba, gawo la chitetezo cha dziko linalowerera mwachindunji chisankho cha America. Pamenepa, osati CIA, koma zovala zathu zofufuza zapakhomo, FBI. Mkati mwake, monga tikudziwira tsopano, kukwaniritsa ndi kupanga anali akupitiriza kutsutsana ndi mmodzi mwa awiri omwe akufuna kukhala pulezidenti pamaso pa mtsogoleri wawo, James Comey, poyera, ngakhale mopanda mantha, adalowa mumkangano kwatsala masiku 11 kuti apite. Anachita zimenezi pazifukwa zomwe, ngakhale panthawiyo, zinkawoneka zogwedezeka chabwino, ngati sichabodza, ndikuthamangira molimba miyambo ya dipatimenti kwa nthawi zachisankho zotere. M'malo mwake, kulowererapo kwake kungakhaledi adasintha njira za chisankho, chofala padziko lonse lapansi, koma mphindi yapadera mdziko muno.
Ulamuliro wa Donald Trump, tsopano ukudzaza atsankho, Ma Islamophobes, Iranophobias, ndi zosiyanasiyana mabiliyoni anzako, ali kale ndi kumverera kwa boma lomwe likuchulukirachulukira lankhondo, lodziyimira pawokha, lokonda anthu osakhalitsa, ankhondo oyera omwe satengera kutsutsidwa mopepuka kapena kuchitapo kanthu pakuyenda bwino. Kuphatikiza apo, pa Januware 20, adzipeza ali nawo mphamvu zopondereza zazikulu zamtundu uliwonse m'manja mwawo, mphamvu kuyambira kuzunzika mpaka kuyang'anira zomwe zidakhazikitsidwa m'njira zodabwitsa pambuyo pa zaka 9/11 ndi kukwera kwachitetezo cha dziko ngati chitetezo. nthambi yachinayi za boma, mphamvu zomwe ena mwa iwo amafunitsitsa kuyesa.
Blowback ndi Blowforward ngati Mbiri Yanthawi Yathu
Zinatenga zaka 22 - pambuyo pa Washington Chisankho cha 1979 kugwiritsa ntchito CIA kuti igwire, kupereka ndalama, ndi kuphunzitsa anthu okhulupirira kwambiri achi Afghanistan (ndi ena) achisilamu ndipo motero apatse Soviet Union mphuno yamagazi ya ku Vietnam - kuti ndalama zoyamba zaku America ku Islam zibwerere kunyumba nthawi yayikulu. Panjira yobwezerayi, padzakhala nyumba zankhondo zaku America ku Saudi Arabia kuwombedwa mlengalenga, akazembe awiri a US bombed ku Africa, ndi wowononga US kung'ambika ku doko ku Aden. Koma inali 9/11 yomwe idabwezeretsadi pamapu mdziko muno (ndipo, moyenera, idatembenuka Chalmers Johnsonbuku ndi mutu umenewo, lofalitsidwa mu 2000, kukhala wogulitsa kwambiri). Zowukira za al-Qaeda, zomwe zimangotengera ndalama zokha $400,000, zidali ndi zolinga zitatu zodziwika bwino: World Trade Center ku Manhattan (yoyimira mphamvu zazachuma zaku America), Pentagon ku Washington (mphamvu zankhondo), komanso mwina White House kapena Capitol (mphamvu zandale) - monga United Airlines. Ndege 93 Mosakayikira inalunjika kumeneko pamene inagwa m’munda ku Pennsylvania. Kumenyedwa kumeneku kwa 19 makamaka kwa achifwamba aku Saudi kudayenera kubweretsa vuto lalikulu ku America kudzidalira, ndipo anatero.
Poyankha, oyang'anira a Bush adayambitsa Nkhondo Yapadziko Lonse pa Zowopsa, kapena GWOT (imodzi mwamatchulidwe oyipa kwambiri), nawonso. odziwika kwa olimbikitsa ake ankhanza monga "Nkhondo Yaitali" kapena "Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yadziko Lonse.” Ganizirani za "nkhondo" imeneyo, kuphatikizapo kuwukira ndi ntchito za Afghanistan ndi Iraq, ngati "wowombera," kapena wachiwiri waukulu, wautali. Msungidwe za nthawi, ndalamandipo miyoyo m'malingaliro achisilamu onyanyira omwe adangokulitsa chodabwitsa m'dziko lathu lapansi, adathandizira kupeza othandizira ambiri, ndikufalitsa kwambiri.
Mwanjira ina, Osama bin Laden ndalama zochepera $400,000 zitha kupangitsa Washington kuwononga kwenikweni trilioni madola ochulukirapo pankhondo zomwe zikuchulukirachulukira ndi zigawenga, komanso cholinga chakukula, zovala zauchigawenga ku Greater Middle East ndi Africa. Zaka zotsatira za ntchito zankhondo zomwe zidasokonekera ndipo zidagwa tsoka m'dera lalikululo zidapangitsa zomwe ndakhala ndikuchita. wotchedwa "ufumu wachisokonezo" ndikukhazikitsa njira yatsopano yobwerera kunyumba, kubwerera kumbuyo komwe kungasinthe ndikusokoneza chikhalidwe chaulamuliro waku America ndi anthu.
Tsopano, zaka za 37 pambuyo pa kulowererapo koyamba kwa Afghanistani ndi zaka 15 pambuyo pa chisankho chachiwiri, pambuyo pa chisankho cha America, kubwerera kumbuyo kuchokera ku nkhondo yachigawenga - akuluakulu ake, malingaliro ake, manias ake, chikhumbo chake chofuna kuchitapo kanthu. menya nkhondo zonse - zabwera kunyumba mwanjira yofunikira. M'malo mwake, tangochita zomwe tsiku lina zitha kuwoneka ngati zisankho zathu zoyambirira za 9/11. Ndipo nazo, ndi malingaliro osiyanasiyana amisala oletsa kapena kulembetsa Asilamu ndi zina zotero, nkhondo yeniyeni yolimbana ndi zigawenga ikuwopseza kubweranso kunyumba nthawi yayikulu. Malinga ndi zaka khumi ndi theka zapitazi za “zotulukapo” za m’maiko akutali, zimenezo sizingakhale mbiri yabwino. (Malingana ndi lipoti laposachedwapa, mwachitsanzo, mantha a chizunzo akukula ngakhale pakati pa Asilamu ku Pentagon, CIA, ndi Dipatimenti ya Chitetezo cha Kwawo, komanso ndi Malingaliro a Islamophobic zachuluka kale mkati mwa kayendetsedwe ka Trump komwe kangopangidwa kumene, mutha kunena kuti izi sizitha bwino.)
Kodi ndi Deal-Breaker ya Mbiri?
Pa Seputembara 12, 2001, mukadakhala movutikira kuganiza momwe kugwedezeka kwatsiku lapitalo kukanachitikira ku US ndi dziko lapansi, ndiye mwina sizothandiza kuganiza zomwe zidachitika pa 11/8/ 16 zidzatsogolera m'zaka zikubwerazi. Prediction ndi bizinesi yabwino kwambiri munthawi yabwino, ndipo tsogolo limakhala lakuda. Koma chinthu chimodzi chikuwoneka kuti ndi chotheka pakati pa chipwirikiticho: ndi akazembe (ndi akuluakulu ena) omwe adayendetsa nkhondo zomwe zidalephera ku America zaka zapitazi zomwe zitha kulamulira chitetezo cha dziko laulamuliro wamtsogolo wa Trump, ufumu wathu wachisokonezo (kuphatikiza mwina kusintha kwa maboma) ukhaladi. abwera kunyumba. Ndizomveka kuganiza za kupambana kwa a Donald Trump ndi mtundu wake wamapiko akumanja kapena Mabiliyoni "Populism" komanso kuchuluka kwa tsankho lachizungu komwe kwatsagana nawo ngati kugwedezeka kwamtundu wa 9/11 kwa ndale zathupi, ngakhale zitatsimikizira kuti sizinachitike pamwambowu.
Monga momwe zinalili ndi 9/11, mbiri yayitali, yodzaza ndi blowback idatsogola 11/8 ndi kupambana kwa Donald Trump. Mbiriyi inaphatikizapo kukhazikitsidwa kwa nkhondo yachikhalire monga njira ya moyo ku Washington, mphamvu yodziimira yokha yomwe ikukula komanso kukula kwa dziko la chitetezo cha dziko, kukula ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa mphamvu zopondereza kwambiri za dzikolo, kuphatikizapo kuyang'anitsitsa pafupifupi mtundu uliwonse womwe ungaganizire. , kubwerera ku malo ankhondo akutali a luso ndi malingaliro a nkhondo yokhazikika, ndi kuthekera kupha aliyense amene White House isankha kumupha (ngakhale nzika yaku America). Kuphatikiza apo, m'mawu obwezera, kunyumba mungafunike kuphatikiza zotsatira za Khothi Lalikulu Nzika Zogwirizana chigamulo cha 2010, chomwe chidathandizira kutulutsa ndalama zambiri zamabizinesi ndi 1% kuchokera pagulu lomwe likukulirakulirabe mu ndale (popanda bilionea yemwe akuthamangira pulezidenti ndi nduna za mabiliyoni ndi mamiliyoni ambiri sizikanatheka).
Monga ine analemba Kumayambiriro kwa Okutobala, “anthu ambiri agulu la azungu… amamva ngati, kaya pazachuma kapena m’maganizo, msana wawo uli pakhoma ndipo palibenso kwina koti apite… kutumiza mizinga yeniyeni yotayirira ku White House; ali ololera, ndiko kuti, kutenga mwaŵi denga likugwa, ngakhale litawagwera.” Ganizirani za chisankho cha Donald Trump, ndiye, kupambana kwa woponya mabomba odzipha omwe adatumizidwa ku Oval Office kuti, monga anthu tsopano. nenani mwaulemu, "kusuntha zinthu."
Panthawi yomwe, m'njira zambiri, ikudzaza ndi anthu ochita zinthu monyanyira komanso momwe ma jihadists a chitetezo cha dziko akuwonekeratu kuti akukwera kwambiri, ndizotheka kuti chisankho cha 2016 chidzatsimikizira kufanana ndi chiwembu choyenda pang'onopang'ono. Amereka. Donald Lipenga, monga anthu a mapiko akumanja omwe analipo patsogolo pake, ali ndi mtima womwe ungathe kubwereketsa osati ku demagoguery (monga mu kampeni yaposachedwa), koma ku mtundu waku America waulamuliro, makamaka kuyambira zaka zaposachedwa, potengera kutaya ufulu ndi kulimbikitsa mphamvu za boma, dziko lapita kale mu njira ya autocratic, ngakhale izi zakhala zenizeni zenizeni.
Chilichonse chomwe aku America atha kuchita ndi zochitika za 11/8, chinthu chimodzi chikutsimikizika kwambiri za dziko lomwe a Donald Trump azilamulira. Iwalani Vladimir Putin ndi dziko lake loyipa la petroli: dziko lowopsa kwambiri padziko lapansi lidzakhala lathu. Motsogozedwa ndi munthu yemwe amadziwa pang'ono modabwitsa, kupatula momwe angagwiritsire ntchito zoulutsira nkhani (pomwe ndi katswiri wobadwa mwachilengedwe) ndipo, mwa zina, ndi akuluakulu okhumudwa ochokera kunkhondo yaku America yolimbana ndi zigawenga, United States ikuyenera kukhala. monyanyira, wandewu, wopanda nzeru, wodzazidwa ndi manias, ndi okhala ndi zida zamphamvu, ndalama zake zankhondo kuti ngakhale milingo yokulirapo palibe dziko lina lomwe likanayandikira, komanso lokhala ndi mphamvu zazikulu kulowererapo, kusokoneza, ndi kupondereza.
Si chithunzi chokongola. Ndipo komabe ndikungotsogolera ku chiyani, mosakayikira, chomwe chiyenera kuonedwa ngati funso lalikulu kwambiri ku America kwa a Donald Trump: Poganizira zakusintha kwa CIA komanso miyambo ya asitikali, kodi United States ingagwetsenso dziko lapansi? Ngati, monga mutu wa zomwe kale dziko lapansi lachiwiri wamkulu kwambiri wotulutsa mpweya wowonjezera kutentha, Trump amakwaniritsa mfundo zamtsogolo zomwe adalonjeza panthawi yachisankho - ndalama zasayansi yanyengo yang'ambika, mapangano a nyengo adanyozedwa kapena kunyalanyazidwa, kukula kwa mphamvu zina sikuchepetsedwa, mapaipi wobiriwira, fracking ndi mitundu ina ya zotsalira za mafuta kulimbikitsidwanso, ndipo US adaganizanso bwino ngati Saudi Arabia waku North America - ndiye kuti, adzayambitsa kusintha kwa boma motsutsana ndi Planet Earth.
Zina zonse zomwe olamulira a Trump angachite, kuphatikiza kubweretsa nthawi yaulamuliro waku America, zitha kukhala gawo limodzi la mbiri ya anthu. Autocracies imabwera ndikupita. Olamulira amawuka ndi kufa. Zipanduko zimabuka ndipo zimalephereka. Mademokalase amagwira ntchito kenako satero. Moyo umapitilira. Kusintha kwanyengo, komabe, palibe mwa izo. Ikhoza kukhala mbali ya mbiri ya mapulaneti, koma osati mbiri ya anthu. Ndi m'malo mbiri lingathe kuchita-wosweka. Zomwe olamulira a Trump atichitira m'zaka zikubwerazi zitha kuwonetsa nthawi yowawitsa moyo koma chinthu chongodutsa, poyerekeza ndi kusokonezeka kwathunthu kwa moyo padziko lapansi komanso mbiri yakale monga tidadziwira izi. zaka zikwi zapitazo.
Izi zitha kuyika 9/11 pamthunzi. Chigonjetso cha zisankho cha 11/8 pamapeto pake chikhoza kutsimikizira kugwedezeka kwa moyo, moyo uliwonse, kwa zaka zambiri zikubwera. Ndilo ngozi yomwe takhala tikukumana nayo kuyambira 11/8, ndipo musalakwitse, zitha kukhala zowononga.
Tom Engelhardt ndi wothandizira a American Empire Project ndi wolemba wa United States of Fear komanso mbiri ya Cold War, Mapeto a Chikhalidwe Chogonjetsa. Iye ndi mnzako wa Nation Institute ndi kuthamanga TomDispatch.com, kumene nkhaniyi inayamba. Buku lake laposachedwa ndilo Gulu lamagulu: Kuwoneka, Nkhondo Zachibvundi, ndi Global Security State mu Dziko Lokha Lopambana.
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1 Comment
Dziko la US nthawi zonse lakhala dziko lowopsa kwambiri m'mbiri, monga tafotokozera m'nkhaniyo. Kupondereza kwake kukanafikira nzika zake tsopano, osati ku Latin America, Asia, Africa kokha, limenelo ndilo tsokalo, mosiyana ndi mmene zakhalira kwa ife.” Munthu angangosirira kulimba mtima kwawo ndi kutsimikiza mtima kwawo kufunafuna kusunga ufulu wawo,” monga alembi a bukuli. kumasulira kwa Bernal Diaz del Castillo's The True History of the Conquest of New Spain kunati, koma tiyenera kuphunzitsidwa malo athu. Goon uyu ankamuganiziranso kuti ndi wa ku America chifukwa ankadziona ngati munthu wosavuta, woona mtima, wolankhula momveka bwino yemwe ankamenyana ndi lupanga, nkhani yake ndi umboni wa momwe izi zinaliri zoona. Trumps ndiye mbadwa, kusintha kwa anthu oyamba ku America.