Chitsime: Inequality.org
Ogwira ntchito angotaya kumene ndewu yowopsa pa zomwe zimatchedwa "gig" ku California. Potsogolera chisankho, Lyft ngakhale adawopseza kuyimitsa ntchito zonse m'boma. Chifukwa chiyani kampaniyo ingaganize zochoka pamsika wopindulitsa chonchi? Chiwonetserochi chinali chokhudza yemwe amatanthauzira ntchito, ndipo zimakhudza tsogolo la ntchito.
Nkhondoyi idayamba mu 2018, pomwe khothi lalikulu ku California lidalimba mtima kunena kuti Lyft, Uber, ndi makampani ena apapulatifomu. kutsatira malamulo a dziko ntchito. Makampaniwa anakana kumvera. Chifukwa chake mu 2019 nyumba yamalamulo yaku California idakhazikitsa lamulo latsopano, Assembly Bill 5 (AB5) kuti litsimikizire mfundoyo. Makampani anapitirizabe kusokoneza antchito awo, choncho Attorney General waku California adawatsutsa mu Meyi. Pafupifupi chaka chotsatira, kuyankha kwa Lyft ku khothi kuti amvere lamuloli kuwopseza kuti atseka.
Pomwe akulimbana ndi Attorney General waku California ndi makhothi, makampaniwo adakankhiranso mwamphamvu njira yovota kuti athetse AB5. Chiyambi, Proposition 22, adadalira malo onama kuti apange mlanduwo kuti zingakhale zabwino kwa oyendetsa, monga UC Berkeley's Labor Center yathandizira. Pamene Attorney General waku California adafotokoza bwino zomwe zinali muyeso, makampani adasumira kuti asinthe chilankhulo kuti chigwirizane ndi PR yawo.
Chilankhulo cha Attorney General chidakhalabe pamavoti, koma kupota kudapitilirabe. Othandizira adadikirira kutumiza adilesi yakunyumba ndi zidziwitso zina za Veena Dubal, pulofesa wa zamalamulo a ntchito pa yunivesite ya California Hastings College of the Law komanso wotsutsa kwambiri Uber ndi Lyft.
M'masiku omaliza chisanachitike zisankho, ndewu ya Prop 22 idasintha modabwitsa. Mabungwe adachita zinthu momasuka ndi zowona pomwe amakankhira mauthenga amkati kwa okwera omwe amati "dalaivala wanu amathandizira Prop 22," adakakamiza DoorDash. kubweretsa anthu kuti asiye mabodza a Prop 22 ndi zotumiza zawo, ndikulipira kutumiza kwachinyengo kwa anthu ambiri omwe amati akuchokera kumabungwe omwe akupita patsogolo omwe ali ndi mayina ngati "Mverani Bern. "
Pakadali pano, blitz ya disinformation iyi yapambana. Za peresenti 58 Ovota aku California adagwirizana ndi Uber ndi Lyft kuti avomereze muyeso wovota.
Pazonse, makampani opanga nsanja adawononga zoposa $ 200 milioni kukopa anthu aku California kuti avomereze mikhalidwe yogwirira ntchito yomwe ili yofala kwambiri kumayiko omwe akutukuka kumene. Imodzi mwa njira zawo inali kuyika mawu antchito a gig m'ma TV ndi malo ochezera a pa TV omwe amati amapindula ndi "kusinthasintha" kwawo ndi "kudziimira".
Ndikulakalaka otsatira a Proposition 22 akumana ena mwa ogwira ntchito papulatifomu omwe ndakumana nawo ndikuwafunsa m'mayiko ena. M’maiko ambiri, ogwira ntchito nthaŵi zonse akhala ndi “kusinthasintha” ndi “kudziimira pawokha.” Amachitcha ntchito yamwambo. Ndipo tsopano kuti mapulogalamuwa alowa mu chuma chawo, akutaya kudzilamulira kwawo m'njira zowopsa. Nazi nkhani ziwiri za momwe mapulogalamu adasinthira miyoyo ya ogwira ntchito papulatifomu, koma osati momwe amaganizira.
Ku Cambodia, dziko limene malipiro ochepera amangokwana madola ochepa chabe patsiku, njinga zamoto ( tuk tuks ) zakhala zofala kwa zaka zambiri. M'mbuyomu, madalaivala ankakambirana za mtengo wandalama ndi okwera. Tsiku labwino, dalaivala mu likulu la dzikolo akhoza kupeza madola 10 kapena kuposerapo. Iwo anali ndi "kusinthasintha" ndi "kudziimira."
Akhalanso ndi njira zina zochepa zopezera ntchito zabwino, zokhazikika, zolipira kwambiri. Sizinali moyo wabwino - koma lero, ndizoyipa kwambiri. Madalaivala omwe ndinakumana nawo chaka chatha anandiuza kuti simungatengenso wokwera popanda pulogalamu. Madalaivala sakhalanso ndi ufulu wosinthana ndalama zolipirira kapena kudziŵa kumene angalipire asanavomereze kukwera. Tengani "Vuthy," yemwe anandiuza kuti sangathenso kukana kukwera ngakhale mtengo wake ulibe phindu. Ngati savomereza kukwera pamtengo uliwonse woperekedwa ndi pulatifomu, akhoza kukhala pachiopsezo “chozimitsidwa” kapena kuchotsedwa papulatifomu. Ndipo zimenezi zingatanthauze kutaya chuma chake.
Nkhani ina ikuchokera ku India. Jude anali wamalonda wochita bwino asanalowe mumsika. Anali ndi magalimoto okwana theka, adalemba madalaivala ena ochepa komanso amapereka ntchito zamagalimoto aganyu kwa makasitomala ku Chennai, mzinda waukulu waku India. Uber italowa mumsika, idalonjeza kuti ikufuna "mgwirizano" ndi makontrakitala odziyimira pawokha ngati iye. Yuda ankaona kuti zimenezi n’zothandiza. Kupatula apo, bizinesi yake idakumana ndi zovuta zofotokozera makasitomala, ndipo mapulogalamuwo adawoneka ngati njira yosavuta yolimbikitsira makasitomala ake.
Sanadziwe kuti mapulogalamuwa angamuchotsere kasitomala wake wakale. Uber adatenga zambiri zamakasitomala osati kwa Yuda kokha komanso kumakampani ena azibizinesi, komanso, osati kupereka ufulu kapena kusinthasintha, adasokoneza msika wamakampani ang'onoang'ono poyang'anira deta ya kasitomala. Jude ndi madalaivala ake analephera kukambilana za mtengo wokwera ndi zinthu zina zantchito. Ndipo adapeza kuti sangachoke papulatifomu popanda kutaya makasitomala ake onse.
Ichi ndiye chitsanzo chomwe makampani adateteza ku California. Maumboni olembedwa patsamba la kampeni ya Prop 22 anali kuwulula. Olankhulawo adavomereza kuti amagwiritsa ntchito gig kuti awonjezere ndalama. Iwo analankhula za kufunika "kuthamanga".
Nayi yankho laposachedwa kwambiri kuchokera @ChopstixKisser pa Twitter: "Ndalama zonse zachuma / zofunidwa ndizomwe zidapangitsa kuti zitheke. Ndi imodzi mwazochita zanga ziwiri, ina ikuyang'anira zipinda zisanu ndi chimodzi, yomwe ndi ntchito yokwanira komwe kungakhale kovuta / kosatheka kuti ndizitha kuyang'aniranso ntchito ya W-2." Ntchito ina yothandizidwa, yochokera ku "Clarence," idalemekeza mfundo yakuti chithunzicho sichipeza ndalama zokwanira pa "ntchito yake ya tsiku" ndipo imafunikira ndalama zowonjezera. Zonsezi zimamveka ngati India kapena Cambodia.
Mu Pulogalamu ya 22, makampaniwo ananena mosangalala kuti “80 peresenti ya madalaivala amagwira ntchito maola osakwana 20 pamlungu.” Ndipo ziwerengero zosokeretsazi zikutsutsana ndi gawo lalikulu la bizinesi yawo: nsanja zimadalira pafupifupi 20 peresenti ya ogwira ntchito kuti agwire pafupifupi ntchito yonse. Sakanatha kukhala ndi moyo popanda 20 peresenti ya madalaivala omwe amagwira ntchito nthawi zonse ndikugwira 80 peresenti ya ma gigs enieni. Mary L. Gray ndi Siddarth Suri akufotokoza mwatsatanetsatane kagawidwe ka gigi m'buku lawo labwino kwambiri. Ghost Work.
Ndiye n'chifukwa chiyani makampani amafunikira 80 peresenti, omwe amapereka gawo laling'ono la ntchito? Njira imodzi yowonera izi: 80 peresenti ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gulu lalikulu la anthu ofuna nkhanambo. Chifukwa chake iwo omwe akutamanda zabwino zamasewera awo "osinthika" ayenera kukumbukira mwamphamvu kuti "kusinthasintha" kumeneku kulipo. chifukwa a ogwira ntchito anthawi zonse omwe amasunga kampani yosungunulira.
Ponyoza malamulo a gulu la ogwira ntchito ku California, ndizotheka kuti makampani akupanga malo otsetsereka kuti awononge ngakhale chitetezo chathu chofunikira kwambiri pantchito. Kodi tingabwererenso ku ntchito ya ana ndi ukapolo wamakono? Ngakhale kuti izi zingawoneke ngati zosatheka, chuma cha U.S. Ndi kukumana ndi mayiko ena azachuma kuzungulira dziko lonse lapansi.
Chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kulingalira momwe dalaivala waku Cambodian tuk tuk ali ndi ngongole yagalimoto yake ndikulephera kulipira chifukwa mapulatifomu akuchepetsa mitengo yokwera. Kapena ku India, komwe bungwe la mgwirizano wa anthu linanena kuti madalaivala adzipha chifukwa magalimoto awo akulandidwa ndi mabanki. M’maiko onsewa, ukapolo wa ngongole ungapangitse mabanja onse kukhala akapolo. Tech ikusintha chuma ichi koma ogwira ntchito sali bwino, ndiye tiyenera kulingalira njira izi zomwe United States ingasinthire.
Kuchokera ku Cambodia kupita ku California ndi mtunda waufupi kuposa momwe tingaganizire. Prop 22 idzangowonjezera kuthamanga kwa mazunzo.
Koma pamene tikuwona kusintha kwa ndale m'moyo wathu wandale, tiyeni tiyang'ane pagulu lakukonzekera, osati ku California kokha komanso padziko lonse lapansi, lomwe lidakakamiza makampani kuti achite izi kuti ateteze udindo wawo. Kunena zowona, ndime ya Prop 22 ili ndi zowopsa ngati iloledwa kuyimirira, popeza njira yovota idalola mabungwe kukhazikitsa njira yowopsa yopanda demokalase. Makampani adalemba Proposition 22 kuti awononge chitetezo cha ogwira ntchito. Koma izi ndi zina zomwe adachita: kuletsa nthumwi zosankhidwa kuti ziwunikenso lamulo mtsogolo.
Monga Bloomberg adalemba, "Kukwiriridwa mozama muzovomerezeka zalamulo, ndizosowa: Olemba amaletsa kusintha kulikonse kwalamulo pokhapokha ngati zikugwirizana ndi cholinga cha ndondomekoyi ndipo akhoza kupeza chiwerengero chachisanu ndi chiwiri m'nyumba iliyonse ya nyumba yamalamulo ya boma."
izi ndi Nzika Zogwirizana pa steroids.
Kampeni yamakampani yokankhira Prop 22 inali kampeni yokwera mtengo kwambiri yovota m'mbiri ya California. Phunziro m'mabungwe: Makampeni okwera mtengo othamangitsa ovota ndi chidziwitso chabodza amagwira ntchito bwino. Ndipo tiyenera kuyembekezera zambiri pamakampeni amtsogolo - pokhapokha titayambiranso.
Nayi nkhani yabwino. Purezidenti Wosankhidwa a Joe Biden adabwera kudzathandizira ogwira ntchito, ndikutsutsa zomwe adachita, monganso ena ambiri omwe adasankhidwa kukhala demokalase. Aphungu a Bernie Sanders ndi Elizabeth Warren adayimilira mwamphamvu pa ufulu wa ogwira ntchito "gig", ndipo tili ndi mwayi wowasunga pa maudindo awa. Ndipo thandizo lawo silinachitike mwangozi, koma chifukwa cha gulu lalikulu la anthu ogwira ntchito ku United States, ndikuwonetseratu kukonzekera bwino m'mayiko ena.
Makampaniwa apanga chitsanzo chawo cha bizinesi panyumba ya makadi, koma kulinganizaku kukuwonetsa kuti ndi zenizeni komanso zokhazikika komanso zokhazikika osati pazidziwitso zabodza koma adakhala ndikugawana zenizeni. Ndi nthawi yopanga mfundo zozikidwa pazachitetezo cha ogwira ntchito kwa antchito onse.
Bama Athreya ndi Mtsogoleri wa Gender, Equity and Inclusion ku Laudes Foundation. Tsatirani iye pa @bathreya1 kapena @PodcastGig
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