Mapangano a zamalonda ali okhudza zambiri osati zamalonda chabe, amangonena za amene ali ndi ulamuliro womaliza pa moyo wa anthu padziko lonse lapansi, zimene amadya, ndalama zimene amalipidwa, mankhwala amene angagule ndiponso ngati ali ndi ntchito. Mgwirizano woterewu umapanga ndondomeko zachuma zomwe zimakhudza anthu mabiliyoni ambiri. Zokambirana zozungulira mapanganowa ndizofunika kwambiri kuti zisachitike mwachinsinsi. Koma ndimomwemo momwe olamulira a Obama akuyesera kuti adutse Trans Pacific Partnership (TPP).
TPP ndi chiyani?
TPP ndi mgwirizano waukulu wamalonda pakati pa United States, Canada, Chile, Australia, Brunei Darussalam, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Peru, Singapore ndi Vietnam. Owonerera ngati Miraya Solis, mkulu wa bungwe la Brookings Institute, ati "njira yofuna kwambiri malonda yotsatiridwa ndi Obama Administration."
Othandizira a TPP akunena kuti mgwirizanowu udzalimbikitsa mgwirizano wa zachuma padziko lonse, kuonjezera mpikisano wa US mu mpikisano. "Dynamic Asia Region" ndikulimbikitsa kusintha kwa ndale komwe kumabweretsa misika "yotseguka". Zonsezi, iwo amati, zidzabweretsa ntchito zabwino, malipiro ndi katundu.
Otsutsa mgwirizanowu akuti zikufanana ndi kulengeza kwa mgwirizano wamakampani padziko lonse lapansi ndi neoliberalization ndipo afananiza ndi "NAFTA pa steroids." Poyankhulana posachedwapa mu okonzera, Noam Chomsky akufotokozedwa Cholinga cha TPP ndi "kuchulukitsa phindu ndi ulamuliro ndikuyika anthu ogwira ntchito padziko lonse lapansi kuti azipikisana, kuchepetsa malipiro ndi kuonjezera kusatetezeka, ... [ndi] kuteteza nthawi yomweyo ... gawo lachuma chapamwamba."
Ngakhale kufunikira kwake, zoulutsira nkhani zazikuluzikulu sizinapereke zofalitsa zochepa za TPP. "Ndi imodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimabisidwa mwadala ndi omwe akuwalimbikitsa," a Dan Cantor, Mtsogoleri Wadziko Lonse wa Working Families Party, akutero. Anthu akamalongosola bwino, zimakhala ngati babu lawalira m’mutu.”
Msonkhano Wachigawo Ndi Joseph Stiglitz
Bungwe la Working Families Party ku New York lachita khama kwambiri pokonzekera ku Jackson Heights, chigawo cha New York City, chomwe chili ndi anthu ochokera kunja, kuti chikakamize Rep. Thomas Crowley. Crowley ndi komiti ya Democrat yotchuka kwambiri pa Njira ndi Njira zomwe zakhala zikuzemba za njira yomwe angavotere pankhaniyi. Malinga ndi a Cantor, zoyesayesa zofananira zokopa andale osalankhula za kuwopsa kwa mgwirizanowu zakhala zamphamvu m'dziko lonselo. Ku Oregon, WFP yakhala ikuyesetsa kunyengerera Senator Ron Wyden, wa Democrat yemwe wakhala akuthandizira mgwirizano wamalonda waulere, kuti "asinthe maganizo ake" pankhaniyi.
Mabungwe ogwira ntchito, mabungwe ammudzi ndi omwe adalandira mphotho ya Nobel nthawi zambiri sagawana nawo holo yamasukulu aboma, koma izi zinali ndendende gulu la anthu omwe adasonkhana Lachitatu posachedwapa usiku ku PS 69 ku Jackson Heights kuti akambirane zomwe zingachitike ndi TPP, yomwe ndi yokonzekera kutsata mwachangu kwa Congress.
Pafupifupi anthu 400 adapezeka pamsonkhanowu, womwe unakonzedwa ndi othandizira osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo WFP, Make the Road New York, Communications Workers of America (CWA), Terraza 7 (malo a bar ndi malo ammudzi) ndi ena. Khamu la ogwira ntchito m'mabungwe, eni mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono, omenyera ufulu komanso okhala mderali adadzaza holo yasukulu ya pulayimale kuti akambirane zotsatira za mgwirizano wamalonda ndikumva zomwe a Joseph Stiglitz adanena pa mgwirizanowu. M'maphunziro azachuma, Stiglitz, wopambana Mphotho ya Nobel pazachuma komanso pulofesa waku Columbia University, wakhala m'modzi mwa otsutsa kwambiri a TPP.
"Chimodzi mwazifukwa zomwe muyenera kudziwa kuti [TPP] ndiyofunikira ndikuti ayesa kuti izidutse popanda aliyense kudziwa," Stiglitz adayamba. "Ndipo izi ziyenera kukukayikitsa." Othandizira biluyo “nthawi zonse amati … apanga ntchito. Ngati zimenezo zinali zoona, mungayembekezere kuti mabungwe amene akuimira antchito [okhudzidwa ndi biluyo] azigwirizana nazo.”
Ponena za mavuto azachuma a 2008, adapitiliza kuti, "Anthu omwe amakomera [TPP] ndi anthu aku Wall Street."
Popempha mabungwe ammudzi ndi mabungwe kuti awonjezere kukakamizidwa, adalongosola kuti Woimira Zamalonda ku US a Michael Froman, wogwira ntchito m'boma yemwe amakambirana za mgwirizanowu, "amachokera ku Citibank ndipo sakuyimira antchito kapena aku America wamba - amaimira gulu lapadera. zokonda. Ichi ndichifukwa chake njira yokhayo yomwe ingagonjetsedwe ndikukhala ngati pali nkhawa komanso ... kuchitapo kanthu. ”
Chigawo chofunikira chozungulira mkangano wa TPP ndi njira yomwe olamulira a Obama akuyesera kuti avomerezedwe kutchedwa kutsata mwachangu, njira yovomerezera Congress kuti ivomereze mgwirizano wamalonda wapadziko lonse lapansi. Mosiyana ndi njira yoperekera bilu, yomwe mamembala a Congress amatsutsana ndikukambirana zazinthu zinazake, kutsata mwachangu kumalola Congress kuti ivote "mmwamba" kapena "pansi" pa mgwirizano wamalonda popanda kusintha kapena kutsegula chilichonse mwazomwezi.
Pomwe olimbikitsa kufulumira akuti ndondomekoyi imapatsa purezidenti udindo wamphamvu pokambirana za mgwirizano wapadziko lonse lapansi, Stiglitz adapeza kuti udindowu ndi wovuta. "Pali chinsinsi chachikulu." Woimira zamalonda ku US sanalole mamembala ena a Congress kuti awone zomwe zili mumgwirizanowu.
"Ndizoipa kwambiri kuposa cheke chopanda kanthu pazamalonda," adatero Stiglitz, "chifukwa mgwirizano wamalonda uli ndi mfundo zomwe zingakhudze malamulo onse omwe angakhudze chilengedwe, chitetezo cha ogwira ntchito, chitetezo cha ogula ngakhalenso chuma." TPP "sikanangokhala lamulo ladziko, koma malamulo ena onse amayenera kutsatira ...
"Akufuna kubisa chiyani?" anafunsa.
Popanda kutchula mayina, Stiglitz adalongosola kuti mamembala amalonda akhala akudziwa mgwirizanowu ndipo akambirana m'malo mwazokonda zachinsinsi m'malo mothandiza anthu.
Anatinso, akatswiri amaphunziro nthawi zambiri amaziwona mosiyana “ngakhale pakati pa omwe kale anali othandizira malonda aulere. …
Iye anafotokoza kuti zomwe zili mu TPP sizikugogomezera malingaliro achikhalidwe cha mgwirizano wamalonda, monga kuchepetsa mitengo yamtengo wapatali ndi kuonjezera katundu kapena kutumiza kunja. M'malo mwake, TPP ikufuna kusokoneza malamulo m'magawo monga chitetezo cha chakudya, mankhwala ndi nzeru, kupereka maboma ndi nzika zomwe zimawasankha kukhala opanda mphamvu pakuwongolera bwino magawowa. Pophatikiza izi ndi mgwirizano pazamalonda apadziko lonse lapansi, olamulira a Obama atha kutsegulira maiko odziyimira pawokha kuti asokonezedwe ndi mabungwe amitundu yambiri kuposa kale.
Monga chitsanzo chochenjeza, Stiglitz adatsutsa kuti maiko omwe adasakazidwa ndi kudalirana kwa mayiko, powona kukulirakulira kusagwirizana monga Brazil ndi India, adakana kulowa nawo mgwirizano wamalonda.
Pamapeto pa zokambiranazo, omvera adafunsa za chete kwa ofalitsa nkhani pazamgwirizanowu komanso momwe TPP ingakhudzire chilengedwe. Ananenanso kuti nkhani zofalitsa nkhani zitha kuchulukirachulukira pamene chisankhocho chikuyandikira, koma adatsindikanso gawo lomwe gulu lolimbikitsa anthu lingachite kuti liwonekere. Pazachilengedwe, Stiglitz adalongosola kuti zigamulo zovomerezeka zomwe zimagwirizana zitha kukhala zowopsa chifukwa mayiko ataya mwayi wowongolera mayiko osiyanasiyana m'magawo omwe angawononge phindu.
Zitachitika m'chipindacho munali chipwirikiti ndi zokambirana. Reggie Pierre Louis, membala wa CWA, adatero Mu Nthawi Zino, "Mgwirizanowu uwononga chikhalidwe cha ogwira ntchito ku America, mzimu wa dziko lomwe likuyenera kukhala lademokalase."
Atafunsidwa ngati akuda nkhawa ndi zotsatira za TPP kwa iye, iye anati, "Mwinamwake, chifukwa akangoyamba ndi izi, ndani amadziwa zomwe zikubwera. Kodi izi zimatiteteza bwanji ku umbombo wamakampani ndi chinyengo chamakampani?"
Mala Huacuja del Toro anali pamsonkhano ndi Somos Los Otros New York, bungwe lomwe lidakulirakulira chifukwa cha kuphedwa kwaposachedwa kwa anthu ambiri. Ophunzira aku Mexico.
"Tinamenyana ndi NAFTA ndipo tinalephera. Miyoyo yathu inasinthiratu; anthu mamiliyoni ambiri a ku Mexico anakakamizika kugulitsa malo awo n’kuthaŵira m’matauni olamuliridwa ndi zigawenga kapena kuwoloka malire n’kukhala antchito otchipa ku United States,” akutero. Mapanganowa sathandiza anthu aku Mexico kapena anthu aku US. Ndipo saimiridwa ndi anthu chifukwa amasainidwa mobisa.”
Pokhala ndi chiyembekezo chotha kuyimitsa TPP pakuyimbira foni patatha masiku angapo chochitikacho, Cantor wa Working Families Party akuti, "Ndikuwona kuti tikutsutsana ndi ochita zisudzo amphamvu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, koma alibe kwenikweni. chithandizo chodziwika. Tili ndi mwayi weniweni woletsa izi. "
Kuwulura kwathunthu: CWA ndi othandizira Mu Nthawi Izi. Othandizira alibe gawo muzolemba.
Alexandros Orphanides ndi mtolankhani wodziyimira pawokha wokhala ku New York City, wofufuza komanso mphunzitsi wa Greek-Cypriot ndi Honduran. Amalemba pazandale, zachikhalidwe komanso zachikhalidwe ndikugogomezera madera omwe alibe malire.
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