Yakhala sabata yoyipa ya demokalase ku Athens. Pozungulira mzinda wawukulu wa Chigriki uwu, ndale za chidani tsopano zabisala. Lachisanu ndidazimva mu kafewero kakang'ono ka ku Italy komwe ndimakonda ku Syntagma Square.
Idafika ngati amuna awiri azaka zapakati, onse omwe amatsatira Neo-fascist Golden Dawn - ndipo, mwa akaunti yawo, omwe ali ndi madigiri a yunivesite, oyenda bwino komanso odziwa bwino. Pogwiritsa ntchito espresso, anayamba kukambitsirana mosatekeseka ponena za zoipa zonse Greece.
Woyamba, wabizinesi wodzitcha yekha atavala suti yojambula, ma brogues ndi tayi ya silika, adadzudzula kugwa kwachuma mdzikolo chifukwa cha chinyengo, katangale komanso kusamuka kosalamulirika. โNjira yokhayo yophunzitsira andale athu onyansa ndi kubweretsa Golden Dawn,โ iye anagwedeza maso ake atatsekeredwa mโkunyezimira kowopsa. "Amunawa ndi okonda dziko lawo, onyada a dziko la Greece, ndipo amadziwa momwe angathanirane ndi zinyalala, alendo omwe samakhoma msonkho, omwe amaba ntchito zathu, omwe alanda misewu yathu."
Kuchotsa milandu yoti Golden Dawn ndi gulu lachigawenga lomwe limadziwonetsa ngati gulu la ndale, wachiwiri - wodzitcha yekha wogwira ntchito m'boma - adatero. kutali kumanja chinali yankho labwino kwambiri ku chiwembu chachikulu cha Ayuda cha njira yolumikizira mabanki yomwe yabwera ndi kudalirana kwa mayiko. "Tisaiwale zigawenga zonse ndi Ayuda, oyendayenda omwe amalamulira mabanki, alendo omwe ali pambuyo pawo, omwe adabwera kudzawononga Greece," adalimbikira. "Zigawenga zomwe zatilamulira, zomwe zatibera tsogolo lathu, maloto athu, zimafunikira chiwopsezo chachikulu."
Lachitatu lapitali Greece idachita mantha pamene Nikos Michaloliakos, mtsogoleri womangidwa ku Golden Dawn - yemwe akuimbidwa mlandu wakupha ndi kumenya - adawonekera koyamba pagulu pafupifupi miyezi isanu ndi inayi. Ndale za chidani zidalanda Athens pomwe wazaka 58 zakubadwa adatsogoleredwa ku nyumba yamalamulo, asanavotere kuti asamuyimbe mlandu, pamilandu ina yopezeka ndi zida zosaloledwa.
Polimbikitsidwa ndi kupambana kwake kwaposachedwa pazisankho za ku Europe ndi zakomweko - pomwe chipanichi chidakhala ngati gulu lachitatu lalikulu kwambiri lazandale m'dzikolo, chifukwa cha kufewetsa kwa chithunzi chomwe chakopa anthu omwe akuchulukirachulukira apakati - ochita monyanyira adalimbikitsa uthenga woti iwo sizinali paulendo wobwereranso koma pano kukhala. Ndipo m'mene adadutsa m'nyumba ya demokalase, akumanyoza aphungu ena mowonetsa zachiwawa komanso zamwano zomwe sizinachitikepo, palibe cholakwika chomwe Golden Dawn ndi: gulu lachikhulupiriro cha neo-Nazi lomwe lidatsimikiza kusokoneza dongosolo la demokalase. Pakuti, osati kulapa, Michaloliakos womangidwa ndi unyoloyo anali mumkhalidwe waukali modabwitsa, kupereka sawatcha kwa Nazi, kuwuza wokamba nkhani wa mโnyumba kuti โatseke,โ ndi kulangiza alonda kuchotsa manja awo pa iye.
Kunja, otsatira a Golden Dawn ovala malaya akuda, omwe anali pamzere wa gulu lankhondo ku Syntagma Square, adapereka mawu osangalatsa a nyimbo ya Nazi Horst Wessel - ngakhale ndi mawu achi Greek. Zonsezi zidali kutali kwambiri ndi zomwe chipanichi chachita posachedwapa chodzipatula ku zigawenga komanso zolankhula za tsankho komwe chidabadwira.
"Tsiku limenelo demokalase idafooka pang'ono," atero a Pavlos Tzimas, wothirira ndemanga pandale yemwe adawona kukwera kwa chipanichi kuchokera m'gulu lake lomwe lidayamba koyambirira kwa 1980s. Adaziwona zikukula kuchokera kumagulu ocheperako kupita kugulu lalikulu pazaka makumi atatu zapitazi. "Pambuyo pa maululidwe onse [za zigawenga], atazengedwa mlandu ndi aphungu ake, akadali ndi mphamvu yochita mwanjira yotere, m'ziwonetsero zaudani zomwe, moona, sindikukumbukira kuti ndidawonekapo mkati mwa nyumba yamalamulo," adapumira. "Golden Dawn si gawo lodutsa, silidzatha kumapeto kwa zovuta, likuwoneka kuti silingatheke, siliopa kalikonse, ndipo zomwe tidawona sabata ino ndi nkhope yake yeniyeni. Sizili ngati zipani zina monyanyira mu Europe. Ndi gulu lankhondo lenileni la Nazi lomwe cholinga chake ndikugwiritsa ntchito demokalase kuwononga demokalase. "
Kuphwanya kwa Golden Dawn - komwe kunayambika ndi kuphedwa kwa rapper wotsutsa-fascist m'manja mwa munthu wina yemwe adadzivomereza yekha Seputembala yapitayi - sikunangotanthauza kubweretsa olakwa koma kubweza kukwera kwa gululo komwe kumawoneka ngati kosatha. Poyamba kusonkhana kwa atsogoleri a chipani kunkaoneka ngati kusokoneza kutchuka kwa a ultranationalists. Kwa nthawi yoyamba kuyambira Juni 2012, pomwe idaperekedwa ku nyumba yamalamulo ndi 6.9% ya mavoti ndi oyimira 18, mavoti ake adatsika. Koma mu chiwonetsero chochititsa mantha cha kukonzanso, a neo-fascists adapambana 9.4% ya mavoti pa chisankho cha ku Ulaya pa 25 May ndipo, pa mpikisano wopita ku Meya wa Athens pa 18 May, adathandizidwa ndi 16.1% ya osankhidwa. , Ilias Kasidiaris, amasewera tattoo ya swastika ndipo adamenya azimayi awiri omwe amasiya ndale panthawi ya kanema wawayilesi. M'zochitika zonsezi zotsatira zake zinali kuvomereza kodabwitsa kwambiri kwa chipani chotsutsa-liberal.
Chodetsa nkhawa kwambiri a Tzimas sikuti kungoyambitsa mikangano yapagulu koma "kuletsa ziwawa" zomwe tsopano zikuvutitsa Greece. Iye anati: โZikuoneka kuti tikuzolowera ndipo zimenezi zimandichititsa mantha.
M'nyengo yazandale, pomwe ukali wodziwika uli pachiwopsezo pafupifupi zaka zisanu zavuto lalikulu kwambiri mdziko muno, ndale zachidani zomwe zili ndi Golden Dawn zikuchulukirachulukira. "Ndani amasamala ngati Ayuda mamiliyoni asanu ndi limodzi aphedwa?" Adafunsanso wabizinesiyo ku cafe, motsimikiza modabwitsa. โSindisamala ngati asinthidwa kukhala sopo. Zomwe ndimasamala nazo ndi malipiro omwe ndataya, misonkho yosatha yomwe ndikukakamizika kulipira, zigawenga zomwe zimalamulira dziko lino, mkwiyo womwe ndimakhala nawo mkati.
mu Kafukufuku wapadziko lonse wotulutsidwa ndi Anti-Defamation League mwezi watha, Greece pa 69% inapezeka kuti ndi dziko lodana ndi semitic ku Ulaya.
Dimitris Psarras, mlembi wa buku lakuti Golden Dawn anati: The Black Bible of Golden Dawn, zomwe zikuwonetsa kukwera kwa meteoric kwa phwando. "Greece ili ndi chikhalidwe chosiyana kwambiri ndi ku Europe konse. Nkhondo yachiลตiri yapadziko lonse itatha, sichinakhale ndi demokalase yeniyeni chifukwa tinali ndi nkhondo yapachiลตeniลตeni [1946-49]. Ndipo zitatha izi, kuzama sikunatsukidwe kwenikweni [ku zinthu zolondola kwambiri]. Ngakhale pamene inali kagulu kakangโono, Golden Dawn inali yogwirizana ndi dziko la Greece.โ
Zomwe chipanicho chinapereka akuluakulu awiri opuma pantchito pa tikiti yake ya zisankho ku Ulaya chinali umboni wa mgwirizanowu. Ndi atatu Golden Dawn MEPs tsopano pafupi kutenga mipando ku Brussels, funso loyaka moto kwa ambiri ndi momwe angathanirane ndi anthu ochita monyanyira. Pambuyo pa kafukufukuyu, ngakhale mtsogoleri wa Front National ku France, Marine Le Pen, adatsutsa ubale wawo.
MP wodziyimira pawokha komanso wolemba mabuku wodziwika bwino Petros Tatsopoulos, yemwe ndi yemwe amayang'ana kwambiri mkwiyo wa a fascists mu nyumba yamalamulo sabata yatha, akuganiza kuti palibe njira ina koma kuletsa Golden Dawn. "Kunali kulakwitsa kwakukulu kwa mbiri yakale kuti nyumba yamalamulo yathu isatsutse Golden Dawn," atero a Tatsopoulos, mpaka posachedwa phungu wanyumba yakumanzere. "Zikadayenera kuletsedwa, osati chifukwa cha malingaliro ake a Nazi koma chifukwa ndi gulu lankhondo ... Wopenya. โTikudziwa mmene anthuwa amagwirira ntchito. Poizoni wa fascist omwe Greece akukumana nawo sizongokhudza ndale, ndikuwononga mbali zonse za moyo wa anthu, momwe anthu amaganizira, momwe amachitira. Ndikukhulupirira kuti Agiriki 500,000 amene anavotera Golden Dawn anali ozindikira kwambiri zimene anali kuchita.โ
Kodi demokalase pamalo ake yomwe idabadwira inali pachiwopsezo? "Golden Dawn yatsala pang'ono," adatero. "Sindikudziwa kuti zitenga nthawi yayitali bwanji, koma ngati khungu lodzifunira likapitilirabe, mavuto akapitilira, zikhala zowopsa ku demokalase posachedwa."
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