Zosawoneka bwino pamakangano okhudza kulowererapo kwa ISIS ndi US - onse odziwika komanso kumanzere - ndi mawu aku Syria. ISIS ndi boma la US limatenga gawo lalikulu, kusiya malingaliro a omenyera ufulu wa anthu aku Syria ndi olemba kunja kwa equation. Ngakhale sizodabwitsa, kuphonya uku kumadetsa nkhawa.
Poyesa kuthetsa kusalinganika kumeneku, ndinafunsa anthu ambiri a ku Suriyaโomenyera ufulu wanthaลตi yaitali ndi aluntha ochokera mโzikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo Chikudishi, Chipalestina, ndi Chikristu cha Asuriโzomwe amalingalira ponena za vuto la ISIS ndi kuloลตererapo kwa azungu. Nawa mayankho awo.
Zilombo zitatu
Sindikukayikira za kuwukira kwa Western motsutsana ndi ISIS.
Kumbali imodzi, ndikufuna kuwona gulu lachigawenga ili litachotsedwa padziko lapansi. ISIS ndi gulu lachigawenga lomwe lapha anthu masauzande ambiri aku Syria ndi Iraq pomwe likusiya gulu lina lachigawenga - boma la Assad - lomwe lapha anthu pafupifupi 200,000. ISIS yawononga chifukwa cha kusintha kwa Syria monga momwe boma la Assad lawonongera dziko lathu ndi anthu.
Kumbali ina, kuwukira kwa ISIS kudzatumiza uthenga kwa Asiriya ambiri (ndi ma Iraqi ndi ma Arabu ena) kuti kuchitapo kanthu uku sikufuna chilungamo pamilandu yoyipa, koma ndikuwukira omwe adatsutsa maulamuliro aku Western. Izi zipangitsa kuti pakhale kuipidwa kwambiri ndi kukayikira zakunja, zomwe ndi zomwe ISIS imachita komanso phindu.
Maulamuliro aku Western akadapewa izi akadathandizira kukana kwa Syria pankhondo yake yolimbana ndi boma la Assad. Choyenera kuchita, mwamakhalidwe komanso ndale, ndikumanga mgwirizano wotsutsana ndi onse a ISIS ndi boma la Assad, komanso kuthandiza Asiriya kubweretsa kusintha kwakukulu pazandale zadziko lawo.
Ndiroleni ine potsiriza ndinene kuti ine ndikukayikira kwambiri za mapulani ndi zolinga za kayendetsedwe ka America. ISIS ndi zotsatira zoyipa za maulamuliro athu owopsa komanso gawo la Kumadzulo mderali kwazaka zambiri, monga momwe zilili chifukwa cha matenda akulu mkati mwa Chisilamu. Zilombo zitatu zikuponda thupi lotopa la Syria.
โYassin al-Haj Saleh, m'modzi mwa olemba otsogola komanso aluntha pakuuka kwa Syria, yemwe adamangidwa kuyambira 1980 mpaka 1996 chifukwa cha zochita zamanzere, omwe tsopano akukhala ku Istanbul (onani kuyankhulana uku naye zambiri)
Zizindikiro ndi Zomwe Zimayambitsa
Kuyesera kuzula kapena kuphwanya ISIS sikungapindule ngati sikungachitike popanda kuwunika mokwanira zifukwa zomwe gululo likukwera. Zomwe zafala pakati pa anthu aku Syria zakukwiyitsidwa ndi kuperekedwa kwa mayiko padziko lonse lapansi pazaka zinayi zapitazi sizikhala zovuta kuthana nazo, ndipo zitha kukulirakulira ngati mayiko akunja sachita kanthu kena kopitilira muyeso. .
Kulimbana ndi ISIS popanda kuyimitsa kupha kwa boma la Assad kungakhale ndi zotsatirapo zazikulu. Kukhala pansi pa mabomba ndi zipolopolo tsiku ndi tsiku kwachititsa kuti anthu a ku Suriya awone ISIS, ngakhale kuti anali wankhanza, ngati mpulumutsi ndi wobwezera m'malo mwa boma lakupha. Izi ndi zinthu zovuta. Kuwanyalanyaza kudzangothandiza ISIS kufalikira kwambiri. Kuyesa kulikonse kothana ndi zizindikiro popanda kuganizira mozama za zomwe zimayambitsa kumabweretsa zovuta zowopsa. Simungathe kuchotsa chotupa chowopsa popanda kuthana ndi kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndikuthetsa vutolo. Kupanda kutero mutha kukhala ndi chotupa chachikulu, zomwe zimatsogolera kulephera kwathunthu kuwongolera zinthu.
-Iyas Kadouni, Mtsogoleri wakale wa Center for Civil Society and Democracy mumzinda wa Idlib, yemwe kale anali membala wa Revolutionary Council mumzinda wa Saraqib, adathamangitsidwa ndi ISIS komanso ndi boma la Assad, lomwe tsopano likukhala ku Brussels.
Njira Zina Zothandizira Asilikali
Monga Msuriya wochokera ku chikhalidwe chachikhristu yemwe ali ndi zaka zambiri ndi magulu osiyanasiyana otsutsa a ku Syria, ndikukhulupirira kuti nkhondo yolimbana ndi ISIS idzangopangitsa kuti anthu ayambe kusokoneza kwambiri.
Musanayambe ndi njira yothetsera nkhondo, bwanji osafufuza njira zothetsera ndale, zachuma, ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu? Chifukwa chiyani zidatenga Kumadzulo nthawi yayitali kuti aletse mafuta opangidwa ndi ISIS? N'chifukwa chiyani a Kumadzulo adanyalanyaza kusefukira kwa jihadists omwe amalowa ku Syria kudzera ku Turkey? Chifukwa chiyani palibe kukakamizidwa kwenikweni kwa mayiko a Gulf chifukwa cha thandizo lawo lovomerezeka komanso losavomerezeka la magulu ankhondo ankhanza? N'chifukwa chiyani "Anzake a Syria" analephera kupereka Raqqa-malo oyamba omasulidwa m'dzikoli-ndi thandizo lililonse kwa anthu ammudzi, mabungwe a anthu, ndi bungwe lachigawo lomwe likubwera, ngakhale kuti adayitana kuti achite zimenezo?
โRasha Qass Yusuf, membala wa Syrian Nonviolence Movement ndi Syrian Democratic Forum, woyambitsa mnzake wa Haquna Movement, gulu lolimbana ndi anthu mumzinda wa Raqqa lomwe lidachita kampeni yolimbana ndi boma la Assad komanso magulu ankhondo omwe adalanda mzindawo, kuphatikiza ISIS.
Limbikitsani zigawenga ndikuphwanya ISIS
Ndikuthandizira mwamphamvu kuwukira kwa ndege ku US / NATO motsutsana ndi ISIS, yomwe yachita, ndikupitilizabe kuchita nkhanza zowopsa kwa anthu wamba ku Syria ndi Iraq, ndipo ndikulimbikitsa mayiko kuti athandize zigawenga zaku Syria ndikuwapatsa njira zoyenera zothanira. ISIS, yomwe sinasonyeze kalikonse koma nkhanza kwa anthu a ku Syria. Izi zidzapititsa patsogolo zomwe zidayambitsa kusintha kwa Syria, komwe kudayamba ngati kumenyera ufulu ndi ulemu kwa anthu aku Syria.
Koma kuukira ISIS popanda kuchotsa gulu la ndege la Assad kungayambitse mavuto, chifukwa boma likhoza kuyembekezera kumenyana ndi zigawenga za Syria pankhondo zawo ndi ISIS, monga momwe adachitira kale. Ulamuliro wa Assad ndiwomwe unayambitsa ziwawa komanso ziwawa ku Syria. Kusuntha kulikonse motsutsana ndi ISIS kuyenera kutsatiridwa ndi njira zoyendetsera ndale kupitilira Assad.
โKassem Eid, aka Qusai Zakarya, Womenyera ufulu waku Syria-Palestine ndi wopulumuka wa zida za mankhwala omwe adayambitsa njala mu Novembala kutsutsa kuzingidwa kwa njala m'mizinda yonse ya Syria ndikupempha kuti mabungwe othandizira aloledwe kulowa m'malo ozunguliridwawa mopanda malire.
Ndani Analimbikitsa Kukula kwa ISIS?
Thandizo langa pa kusintha kwa Syria ndi lopanda malire ndipo chifukwa chake ndikutsutsana ndi kulowererapo kwa US. United States ndi ogwirizana nawo m'madera achita chilichonse kuti awononge kusintha kwa Syria. Chofunika kwambiri achita izi pothandizira Syrian National Coalition motsutsana ndi magulu apansi. Othandizira aku US monga Turkey, Saudi Arabia, ndi Qatar poyambilira adathandizira Assad ndipo pambuyo pake adapereka ndalama ndikukonzekeretsa magulu otsutsa. Mphamvu zomwezi (kuphatikiza Iraq) tsopano akupanga mgwirizano kuti amenyane ndi ISIS. Koma maikowa adachita gawo lalikulu, mwachindunji komanso mosalunjika, popanga ISIS kukhala mphamvu yachigawo. United States ndi Saudi Arabia zidathandizira pakupanga ndi kupereka ndalama za jihadism padziko lonse lapansi kuyambira 1980s kuti amenyane ndi Soviets ku Afghanistan. Kuukira kwa US ku Iraq mu 2003 kudapangitsa kuti al Qaeda atuluke ku Iraq. Qatar ikuthandiza Jabhat al-Nusra pamene Turkey inali, mpaka posachedwa, kulola ISIS kugwira ntchito momasuka ndikudutsa malire ake osayang'aniridwa.
Kulowererapo kwa US ku Syria (ndi Iraq) kupha anthu wamba ambiri osalakwa. Ikwaniritsanso chikhumbo cha ISIS chofuna kukhala gulu lankhondo lalikulu lodana ndi America mderali ndipo potero lithandizira gulu la zigawenga kulemba anthu omenyera nkhondo ambiri. Kudula mutu kwa nzika ziwiri zaku US ndi ISIS kudapangidwa kuti zipangitse zomwe zikuchitika ku United States. Pomaliza, Assad adatenga gawo lofunikira pakulimbitsa ISIS ndikuigwiritsa ntchito polimbana ndi magulu osintha zinthu. Chodabwitsa pa zonsezi ndi chakuti United States ikupempha Free Syrian Army kuti imenyane ndi ISIS koma osagwiritsa ntchito zida za America motsutsana ndi boma la Assad.
- Yasser Munif, pulofesa wa chikhalidwe cha anthu ku Emerson College komanso woyambitsa nawo Global Campaign of Solidarity ndi Syrian Revolution
Chotsani Chimodzi mwazopinga zazikulu za Revolution ya Syria
Kwa ine palibe yankho losavuta. Pachiyambi chachikulu, ndimakonda kukonda US / EU / NATO kulowererapo motsutsana ndi ISIS. Kuukira ISIS kungachotse chimodzi mwazopinga zazikulu za kusintha kwa Syria, ndipo izi zitha kusiya boma la Assad kukhala pachiwopsezo. Koma ndikukhulupirira kuti ndikulakalaka kuyembekezera kulowererapo kulikonse komwe kungatipatse zotsatira zabwino ngati izi. Ndikuganiza kuti tsogolo ndi loyipa kuposa izi. Ngakhale zikhulupiriro zonse zandale za Syria zochokera ku White House, kayendetsedwe ka US kwatha, monga momwe zakhalira kuyambira chiyambi cha kusintha kwa Syria. Njira ya Obama ya "kunyengerera ndi kusiya" yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito mosalekeza pazaka zitatu zapitazi pofuna kutsutsa kulowererapo kwa US ku Middle East. Sipanakhalepo chikhumbo chofuna kulowererapo mwanjira ina iliyonse kuti athandize zigawenga za ku Syria. Mulimonse momwe zingakhalire, ndizochepa, mochedwa kwambiri.
Kulimbana ndi ISIS, ngakhale kuli kofunikira, kuli kopanda tanthauzo popanda zinthu ziwiri: kuthandizira mwachangu komanso zenizeni pazankhondo zilizonse zadziko ndi demokalase mkati mwa Gulu Lankhondo Lankhondo la Syria, komanso kulimbikira pazandale komanso zachuma padziko lonse lapansi ku boma la Assad. ISIS imasewera gawo la a deus ex machina muzowona za boma la Assad, kuthetsa vuto lomwe likuwoneka kuti silingathetsedwe lomwe boma lidakumana nalo kuyambira pomwe ochita zionetsero aku Syria adafuna kugwa kwake: kubwezeretsanso kuvomerezeka kwawo pandale komanso zidziwitso zapadziko lonse lapansi. Zimatsimikizira kupulumuka kwa boma ndikutsimikizira nkhani yakuti asilikali a Assad akulimbana ndi zigawenga zachi Islam. Kuphatikiza apo, momwe zinthu zilili pano zimathandizira boma kuti lidzijambula ngati bwenzi lofunika kwambiri polimbana ndi uchigawenga, ndichifukwa chake olemba ndemanga amakonda. The Nation Bob Dreyfuss apitiliza kutsutsa izi "Chifungulo chimodzi chothetsera vuto la ISIS chatsekeredwa ku nyumba yachifumu ku Damasiko, ndipo dzina lake ndi Bashar al-Assad."
-Firas Massouh, wophunzira wa udokotala ku yunivesite ya Melbourne ku Australia komanso wolemba nkhani zingapo za kuwukira kwa Syria, kuphatikiza "Wasiyidwa? Kusintha kwa Syria ndi Mavuto a Kumanzere"
Zochepa Kwambiri, Mochedwa Kwambiri?
Malinga ndi ndondomeko, ndondomeko ya Obama yophunzitsa ndi kukonzekeretsa zigawenga za ku Syria zokhala ndi mphamvu zikanakhala zogwira ntchito zaka ziwiri zapitazo, pamene asilikali otsutsa ku Syria anali atatha. Omenyera ufulu waku Syria ayenera kulandira dongosolo la Obama ndi mantha, chifukwa tinasiyidwa mu Ogasiti 2013 pambuyo pa kuukira kwa zida za mankhwala m'midzi ya Damasiko. Tinadikirira kubwezera kwa Assad komwe sikunabwere, ngakhale kuti maulamuliro adatsimikiziridwa kuti ayandikira. Kubwerera m'mbuyo kwa Obama kudalimbikitsa Assad, ndikutsegulira njira yakufa kwa anthu masauzande ambiri aku Syria. Tsopano tikuseweranso masewera odikirira. Kodi zida zifika liti? Ndipo kodi adzasintha bwino mphamvu ya mphamvu pansi? Cholinga chathu tsopano chiyenera kuphatikizapo kugwa kwa Assad ndi ISIS. Sizikudziwika ngati mapulani a Obama athandiza kukwaniritsa zonsezi.
-Rasha Othman, Womenyera ufulu waku Syria ndi America yemwe amakhala ku Washington, m'modzi mwa oyambitsa bungweli Mgwirizano wa International Solidarity Hunger Strike ku Syria
Palibe Njira zazifupi
Chiwawa chidzangowonjezera chiwawa. Simungathe kuzimitsa moto ndi gasi. Kuukira kwa US pa ISIS kudzangowonjezera kufalikira kwake. Mayiko a mayiko ndi United States atengapo mbali pakupanga ISIS. Amadalira ulamuliro m'malo motsogolera demokalase, monga amanenera. Pali kusowa koonekeratu kwa makhalidwe abwino pothana ndi zovuta zosiyanasiyana zapadziko lonse lapansi. Mwachitsanzo, nkhani ya ku Syria idasokonekera m'makonde a UN kwa zaka zambiri, chifukwa chokhala ndi miyezo iwiri pothana ndi zovuta zothandiza anthu. Koma mwadzidzidzi mlandu waku Iraq wayamba kuchitika - zidatero m'masiku ochepa komanso popanda madzulo kudutsa njira za UN - chifukwa cha zofuna za geostrategic.
Yankho lake liri pothana ndi zinthu zimenezi mogwirizana ndi umunthu ndi umunthu ndi kuona anthu ngati anthu anzawo osati monga nzika zachilendo za mโmaiko ena, ndi kuyamba kuyangโana mozama zokonda zathu zomwe timafanana ndi zophatikizika padziko lapansi. Izi zitha kutheka pothandizira magulu olimbana ndi anthu komanso mabungwe ndi mabungwe omwe akuthandiza kufalitsa maphunziro ndi kuzindikira. Kupatsa mphamvu anthu am'deralo ndi mabungwe omwe siaboma, makamaka kuyika ndalama mu mamiliyoni a othawa kwawo, kungawonetse njira ina yopita patsogolo. Palibe njira yachidule yopita kumwamba.
- Khorshid Mohammad, Syrian-Kurdish co-founder wa Syrian Nonviolence Movement ndi neonatologist ku Alberta Health Services, University of Calgary, Canada
Ndikuthokoza mwapadera Afra Jalabi, wogwirizira komanso wolemba waku Syria ku Montreal, pondilumikiza ndi anthu angapo omwe ndidawafunsa nawo nkhaniyi. Amagwira ntchito ku Syrian Nonviolence Movement ndipo akutumikira mu Executive Committee of Tsiku Pambuyo projekiti, gulu lapadziko lonse lapansi la anthu aku Syria omwe akuyimira magulu ambiri otsutsa dzikolo adachita nawo zokambirana zodziyimira pawokha zokonzekera kusintha. โDanny Postel
Danny Postel ndi Associate Director of the Center for Middle East Studies ku yunivesite ya Denver. Mabuku ake akuphatikizapo The Syria Dilemma ndi Anthu Adatsitsanso: Gulu Lobiriwira ndi Kulimbana ndi Tsogolo la Iran. Amalemba mabulogu Kufufuza Kovuta ndi Huffington Post ndipo ndi co-editor wa kugunda.
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